英文导游欢迎词带翻译(汇集20篇)

Shanhaiguan is a municipal district of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province. Itis located in the northeast corner of Hebei Province, the west end of Liaoxicorridor, and the northeast of Qinhuangdao city. In the East and North, itborders Suizhong County, Liaoning Province; in the west, it borders HaigangDistrict, Qinhuangdao City; in the northwest, it borders Funing County, HebeiProvince; in the south, it faces Liaodong Peninsula and Shandong Peninsulaacross the sea. The East-West horizontal distance is 18.30 km, and theNorth-South vertical distance is 16.92 km. According to Linyu county annals, "inthe 14th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, Xu Dajian, Duke of the state ofWei, set up a guard at the pass. He stationed 5000 troops and went to the oldYuguan for 60 Li. Because of the mountain and sea, it was called Shanhai Pass.".The plain area of 8 square kilometers between the mountains and the sea hasbecome an important road connecting the North China Plain and the NortheastPlain since ancient times. It is known as "the key of the two capitals, thefirst pass of the Great Wall". In the past and in recent years, the situation ofShanhaiguan district has changed frequently. In Shang Dynasty, it belonged toGuzhu state. In the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to Guzhu of Beiyan.During the Warring States period, it belonged to Beiping county. In the QinDynasty, it belonged to the west of Liaoning Province. In the Western HanDynasty, it belonged to Linyu County, Liaoxi County, Youzhou. During the threeGuo period, it belonged to Linyu County, Liaoxi County, weiyouzhou. In theWestern Jin Dynasty, it was located in Linyu, Liaoxi County, Youzhou. During thesixteen periods of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it successively belonged to LiaoxiCounty of the former Yan, Liaoxi County of the former Qin, Liaoxi County of thelater Yan and Liaoxi County of Jizhou in the northern Yan. During the northernand Southern Dynasties, it belonged to Peiping County of Pingzhou.

In the Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Linyu Palace (pass) in Beiping county.In the Tang Dynasty, it is located in Linyu County, Daoping Prefecture, HebeiProvince, and lianyuguan (also known as linlu pass) in Shicheng County. Duringthe Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, it was located in Haibin County,Xizhou, Dading Prefecture, Qidan. In Liao Dynasty, it belonged to ZhongjingRoad, Qianzhou and qianmin county. In the Jin Dynasty, Qianzhou was located. InYuan Dynasty, it was located in qianmin Town, Ruizhou, Daning Road, Liaoyangprovince. Ming Dynasty, Hongwu 14 years (1381) home shanhaiwei, the capitalYongping house. In the Qing Dynasty, shanhaiwei was removed in the second yearof Qianlong (1737) and Linyu county was set up. Shanhaiguan was the seat of thecounty, which belonged to Yongping Prefecture. In 1913, it belonged to LinyuCounty, Bohai Road, Zhili Province, and changed to Linyu County, Jinhai Road thenext year. In 1928, Linyu County, Hebei Province. In 1935, it belonged to LinyuCounty, the puppet Jidong Fanggong autonomous government. In September of the34th year of Min Guo (1945), it belongs to Linyu County, the 16th specialdistrict of Ji re Liao district. On November 27, 1948, Shanhaiguan wasliberated. It is located in Qinyu County, Hebei Province. Shanhaiguan office wasestablished. On April 21, 1949, it belonged to Jianshan customs City, Liaoxiprovince. In July 1952, Shanhaiguan city was transferred to Hebei Province. InMarch 1953, Shanhaiguan was removed from the city and built into a district,belonging to Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province. In April 1958, it belongs toQinhuangdao City, Tangshan special district, Hebei Province. In May 1983, itbelongs to Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province.

Customs is a famous place of interest in ancient and modern times. With theGreat Wall as the main body and the ancient city as the core, it has 129castles, passes, enemy towers, city towers, beacon towers and piers along the 26km long Great Wall line from laolongtou in the south to jiumenkou in the North,forming a complete defense system for the long city. Luocheng is built on theEast and west sides of Shanhaiguan City, and Yicheng is built on the north andsouth sides, forming a defensive pattern of front arch and back guard, leftsupporting and right supporting. Shanhaiguan ancient city mainly refers toShanhaiguan city and Dongluo City, covering an area of 1.5 million squaremeters, of which Guancheng covers an area of 1.26 million square meters andDongluo city covers an area of 240000 square meters. Dongluocheng is anavant-garde city of Shanhaiguan. It is an important part of the city defense. Itwas built in 1583 and completed the next year. The perimeter of the city is 2040meters, with East, South and north gates. There are two-story towers on the eastgate and one-story tower on the north and South gates.

There are turrets at the corner of southeast and northeast. Eleven kinds ofinscriptions, such as "Zhending building in the 12th year of Wanli" and"luanzhou building in the 12th year of Wanli", were printed on the bricks forthe construction of the city, which were rated as a highly valuable culturalrelic city by experts. There are moats on the southeast and north sides of thecity. In Ming Dynasty, there were temples such as emperors temple, Tianqistemple and memorial archways such as "Liaohai throat square" and "Huayi square";in early Qing Dynasty, there was Fangguan hall. In addition to partial damage,most of the walls of Luocheng are relatively complete. Shanhaiguan ancient cityis the first important pass at the eastern starting point of the great wall ofMing Dynasty. Among the thousands of dangerous passes along the great wall ofMing Dynasty, Shanhai Pass, Juyong Pass and Jiayu pass are famous in ancient andmodern times. Among the three famous passes, Shanhaiguan Pass ranks first, so itis called "the first pass in the world". Her position as an important militarytown is unique among the passes of the Great Wall. These famous cultural relicshave become a valuable asset of Shanhaiguan.

Word garden door and door on both sides of bamboo jin ting, bamboo, insert plant with green stone stalagmites, mottled with "emotion" rock "state, form a" spring ". Also subtly conveys the traditional culture of "cherish spring" concept, to remind people, spring scenery is good, but short, need to appreciate each double cherish attentively, to natures wonderful really boring. Hills proper swimming, the original length is not in the process, and gains in the swim, swim a joy.

Xia Jing lying in the northwest of the park, east and mountain building. Xia Jing stacked stone is given priority to with cinereous taihu, stacked stone cloud mist entrainment of tai, landscape of taihu uneven and the characteristics of thin, transparent, leakage, knit, fold stone and not random. Yin mountain, mountain pond, north a trickling water trickle plummeting to the pond fish shuttle between the water lily pool. Pond on the right side of a winding there is a direct summerhill cave, hole deep, very cold, even if the hot summer, people into the hole, feel relaxed. Summerhill should look, and high and low are scene, let a person look around, too many things to see.

Mountain building through the "one" word long corridor, east of the garden is the magnificence is ablaze, created by qing dynasty painter Shi Taozhi. Autumn scenery in huangshan mountain, stone stack, higher the area is larger. The whole mountain, west, south three points, "most of the jiangnan garden" of reputation. The entire mountain piton lingyun, appear magnificent majestic. Along the ventral way climbing up to the top of the mountain breeze YunTing, view panoramic view. The appropriate akiyama, access to connection between CheFu, such as calendar qianshanmohe, all have to climb risks.

Landscape will be winter scene arrangement under the south wall, back against the wall almost not see the sun, from a distance like snow did not disappear, the ground was paved with white stone. Winter mountain with XuanShi (quartz) stack, stone crystal white, each stone was almost cant see the edges and corners, give a person likes and has the feeling of ups and downs. Winter mountain habitable, but, of course, the best is both of three bosom friend, together in the face and mountain building leak leakage month hall, surround furnace snow, night.

非常欢迎在座的各位到桂林观光旅游，我是_旅行社的导游员，我的名字是__。为了方便起见大家可以叫我小_。

坐在我们车前方的是_师傅，_师傅有多年的驾驶经验，驾驶技术高超。所以大家在行车过程中可以完全放心。我们都说到了吉林是吉(急)开，到了蒙古是蒙(猛)开，到了上海是沪(胡)开，那到了桂林就是黑白两道都能开。因为在景区我们的马路是黑色的，到了现在我们的马路是白色的，所以我们的师傅是黑白两道混得都熟的，大家尽可以放心。那大家在桂林的这几天将由我和_师傅陪同大家一同渡过。

桂林的冬天是寒冷的，但桂林人是热情的，大家有什么问题尽管和我说，我会尽我最大的努力让大家满意。

现在我们的车窗外是寒冷的，希望大家把过去的一年中不快乐的事和工作上的压力都抛在窗外，让我们的寒冷把它暂时冰冻起来，随着春天的来临悄悄地融化，流入我们的漓江，那留下的只有开心和一年的好运气。

那小_先在这里预祝大家桂林之行愉快，希望大家带着对桂林市的期待和憧憬而来带着对桂林的满意和流连而归!

国际专利许可合同(附英文)

responsi-bilityfor keeping secret the part(s) or all of the technology already published.

10.3 after the termination of the contract， party a shall have the rigbt to use

theatents supplide by b， i. e. paryt a shall still have the right to design，

manufacture，use，and export contract products.

article 11 infringement

11.1 party b guarantees that it is the legitimate owner of the patent to the

stipulations of the contract， and that it is lawfully in a position to transfer the

patent to party a. of accusation of infringing the rights of a third party occurs，

party b shall be responsible for the matter and fully the legal and

economicresponsibilities trising therefrom

11.2 a complete list of party b’s patents and patent applications relevant to

contrarct product are specified in appendixl to the contract. within one month after the

contract has comeinto force party b shall despatch to party a two photostat copies of

the letters patentsand patent application(s).

article l2 taxes and duties

12.1 ail taxes， customs duties and other excises arising in connection with the

perfor-mance of the contract outside the territory of party a’s country shall be borne

by partyb.

12.2 in the execution of the contract， any income made by party b within the

territory of china shall be subject to taxation according to the tax laws of the people`s

republic of china.

article l3 force majeure

13.1 if either of the contracting parties is prevented from executing the contract

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亚湾地处惠州市东南,濒临南海,水域面积近500平方公里,有岛屿和岩礁近百个,属典型的亚热带海洋性气候,历年平均气温21.8℃。

位于大亚湾西北隅的惠州(澳头),三面环山,口门南海,如同一个大袋子的底部。水下地形平坦,常年风平浪静,回淤少,可供几万吨船舶进出和停泊,是天然避风良港。因水陆交通方便,历史已是一个通商口岸。1982年,国务院批准它为对外开放口岸,1992年批准为对外籍船舶开放。此外,还是广东省一等渔港。湾内泥沙底质,浮游动植物种类繁多,鱼贝类资源丰富,盛产高级海产品,其中有饮誉港澳地区和东南亚各国的“水桂尤鱼”、“三门龙虾”。

大亚湾的岛屿和山岭,大都奇形怪状,不但饶有趣味,而且还有不少动人的传说,如“黄鱼涌狮子庵”：传说狮子眼望香港,只有拜过此庵的人,才能在香港“发达”。

大亚湾景点很多,主要有：大亚湾游乐场、清泉寺、辣甲岛、岩前万年庵、螺岭、小桂湾、铁炉峰、老虎洲等。

导游欢迎词范文

导游证考试会考到导游词相关的内容，为此小编特别整理的导游欢迎词范文三篇，仅供大家参考。

导游欢迎词范文

各位游客朋友大家好，欢迎光临古都洛阳。现在向各位介绍一下洛阳市的概况。

洛阳市位于河南省西部，黄河中游南岸，伊洛盆地北缘，因居古代城区洛水之阳而得名。它东扼虎牢，西据崤函，北依邙山，南对伊阙，东南面向嵩、洛、伊、廛、涧四条河流蜿其间，自古就有河山控戴，形胜甲天下，且居天下之中的美誉。

如此险固的地理形势和优越的地理位置，使之成为历代帝王的理想的建都之所。根据历年的考古发掘和大量翔实的历史文献验证先后曾经有夏、商、西周、东周、东汉、魏、西晋、北魏、隋、唐、后梁、后唐、后晋等十三个朝代在此立国，时间长达1500多年。此外，又有8个朝代将其作为陪都。所以，洛阳是七大古都中建都年代最早、朝代最多、时间最长的天下名都。由于洛阳长期作为全国政治、经济、文化、科技、交通中心，所以所多历的重大事件都发生在这里，有许多重要人物活动都在这里。因此大历史学家司马光说：若问古今兴废事，请君只看洛阳城，这就是说洛阳是中国历史的缩影，如果你想了解5020xx年的中国，那你必须来看洛阳。

即使在今天经过历史的冲刷，洛阳依然有着丰富的文化遗存、名胜古迹。数量之多这里就无法历数了，我们将在随后的游览过程中为大家一一讲解。

洛阳不仅是闻名中外的历史文化名城，而且是举足轻重的现代化工业城市和重要的科研基地，其工业与科技实力和外贸出口在河南省。有第一拖拉机场，轴承厂等一批全国知名的大型企业和研究所;洛阳还有丰富的煤炭、钼、黄金、铝土等矿产资源和森林资源;有四通八达的公路、铁路、航空交通网络、航空口岸及海关;还有全国规模较大的综合性市场——关林商贸城;有享誉中外的历史名酒杜康酒、唐三彩和洛阳水席;有甲天下的国色牡丹。每年四月的牡丹花会，曾吸引无数中外朋前来一睹盛况，大饱眼福。真可谓：花如海，人如潮，花开花落二十日，一城之人皆若狂!

如今，洛阳正借助国家实施西部大开发的强劲东风，抓住这一难得的机遇，实施东引西进战略，加快发展步伐——-撤销郊区，调整区划，拉大城市框架;配合创建国家优秀旅游城市和文明城市，大搞基础建设和内外部环境整治;提出大旅游发展战略，对龙门石窟、白马寺、关林庙三大景点的周边环境进行治理;做出为龙门石窟申报世界文化遗产负重加压，背水一战的果断决策，经过不懈努力，获得圆满在功;建设洛浦公园，营造优美环境，再现当年洛浦秋风胜景。

朋友们，洛阳市委、市政府这些举措，将随着时间的推移，以其良好的社会效益和经济效益，日益明显的表现出来。这是一个良好开端。相信不久的将来，洛阳定会以崭新的姿态让世人刮目相看，洛阳的明天会更加辉煌!

我的介绍完了，预祝朋友们今后几天的洛阳之旅愉快!

导游欢迎词范文

各位嘉宾，大家好，欢迎来到湖南省的省会长沙市!我是导游宋庆，来自湖南国际旅行社，在今后的几天里，我将和我们驾驶经验丰富的x师傅竭诚为您提供服务。刚刚上车后我发现几位嘉宾情绪低落，是不是看到天上刮风下雨，感觉旅游不方便呢?其实古代皇帝出游，沿途的老百姓都要端着盆，往路上洒水，以消旅尘，但我们现在不用劳烦别人，老天为我们洒了水，空气变得更加清新。刚刚来到长沙，大家就享受到了皇家礼遇，是多么幸运呀!如今是春天，“春雨贵如油”，而这场雨好像是老天特意准备为各位嘉宾接风洗尘的，各位嘉宾给咱们湖湘大地带来了春雨，今年一定会风调雨顺，在此我也预祝各位在长沙度过一段难忘的皇亲国戚般的美好时光!

各位朋友，大家好!一路辛苦了!欢迎各位来到风景秀美、气候宜人、美食成堆、美女如云、帅哥成林的中国历史文化名城、优秀旅游城市---湖南省的省会长沙市，俗话说得好：“百年修得同船渡，千年修得共枕眠”，用现在流行的说法呢，就是“百年修得同车行”，我们大家今天在同一辆车里可是百年才修来的缘分呀!我们进了这个门，就是一家人，一家人不说两家话，我真是深感荣幸，怀着激动的心、伸出颤抖的手、拿起话筒我要献丑，谁不鼓掌就是嫌我丑!

中国有句话说，要活到老学到老，入乡随俗，那来到了咱们湖南呢，大家都知道，自古以来咱们湖南就是一个政治偏热、经济偏冷的地方，因此我们首先我们也要不忘讲讲政治，学习一下“”重要思想：第一：我谨代表热情好客的650万长沙人民对远道而来的各位朋友表示热烈的欢迎，第二：我谨代表湖南国际旅行社全体员工欢迎大家参加本次快乐之旅，欢迎，欢迎，热烈欢迎!第呢是我代表我本人和师傅，做个简单的介绍，我呢是湖南国际旅行社的导游，也是大家这次湖南之行的地接导游，我的名字非常好记，就比“国母”宋庆龄少个“龄”字，有人曾经说呀，少了个“龄”，是不是不太“灵”了?但是灵不灵，“数风流人物，还看今朝”嘛。这三天时间里大家有任何的问题都可以随时找我，只要您叫我一声“小宋”，或者“宋导”，我就会来到您的身边，24小时欢迎您骚扰!但是小宋有个小小的要求：在景区里面如果您有事找我千万别喊我“导游”，为什么呢?因为景区里面的团队非常的多，导游千千万万，如果您呼唤一声“导游”，那么回头率是相当高的，就不止小宋一个人在回头看着您了。

我小时候就有这样的梦想，希望自己能当个导演或导师什么的，虽然后来由于种种原因没有当成，不过我最起码作了导游，由于我海拔太高，有人说我不适合做导游，说我有损湖南的形象，但我上知天文地理，下知鸡毛蒜皮，除了不知道，什么都知道，对于做好导游工作很有信心。作为一名导游，我的本职就是要把欢乐带给大家!不过万万没有想到，我还没来得及把欢乐带给大家，诸位的这种欢乐气氛就先把我感染了!

那接下来呢，我要为大家隆重的介绍一下在我们本次旅游中占有绝对重要位置的人，那就是为我们保驾护航的总舵手，我们的司机师傅师傅，他出生在一个驾驶世家，据师傅说他祖上在清朝年间的时候就是压镖赶马车的，到了他父亲那代是开东方红手扶拖拉机，到他这辈啊就是开汽车的了。大家走南闯北不知是否知道在我们旅游业内有这样的说法，我们的司机师傅到了蒙古呢是猛开，因为一望无垠的大草原，感觉就像策马奔腾;而到了吉林呢是急开，东北平原的道路平坦呀!那有没有人能想到来了我们湖南，司机师傅是怎么开啊?有人说“胡开”?这怎么可以呢?还是我来揭开谜底吧，我们湖南的师傅呢，比较特殊，他们是“黑白两道都能开”，为什么这样说呢?那就要说到我们湖南的气候了，“春有百花秋有月，夏有凉风冬有雪”，这就是我们湖南的气候特征，四季分明，春夏秋三季的道路呢一般是黑色的，到了冬季一下雪，道路就变成白色了，所以我们的师傅是黑百两道都混得很熟的，大家对我们这几天的行车安全可以放一万个心了。

那现在我想请我们车上的女士朋友呢，把你们的目光全部集中到我们师傅这里来，有这样一个说法：一等男人家外有家，二等男人家外有花，三等男人花中寻家，四等男人下班回家。呵呵，那大家看看我们师傅属于几等男人呢?开动您的大脑，好好的想一想，哦，去掉一个错误答案，d，因为像我们司机师傅或导游，一出团就是常常好几天都是不可能下班就回家的呀，因此咱们的师傅就真的是一等一的好男人啊!为什么这样说呢，大家可别瞎想啊，我可没有说我们师傅花心啊。那大家看看此时此刻为我们遮风挡雨的旅游车，它呢就是我们师傅一个流动的家啊，当然师傅也很爱它，我想说的是，在大家每天离开我们自己的家时一定要做他个潇洒状：挥一挥衣袖，不留下一片云彩!好，在这里呢，请各位嘉宾伸出您热情而高贵的金掌、银掌、仙人掌，把您最热烈的掌声送给我们一等一的好男人!同时也祝大家在湖南玩得开心、吃得尽兴，把您的满意和微笑留下，把湖南人民的热情带回您的家乡!

导游欢迎词范文

各位团友，大家好啊!很高兴见到各位!

首先我代表我们公司青岛××旅行社对大家参加这次的旅游活动表示热烈的欢迎，本人托大家的鸿福，很幸运能够成为大家的导游。在这里要跟大家说声谢谢哦：“谢谢大家”。先自我介绍吧，我呢是青岛××*旅行社的经理(停顿一下)派来的导游，我姓黄，单名一个锋字，大家可以直接喊我的名字：黄锋。这个名字挺简单，对吗?又好记，呵呵，希望大家喜欢。在我身边这一位呢是我们这次旅途中最为劳苦功高的一位，我们的××陈师傅，开足两天车的时间，非常幸苦。

在此，我们于以热烈的掌声多谢我们的陈师傅。(略停)谢谢大家!那么，在这两天里面呢，就将由我和陈师傅以及一会我们的地陪这三位工作人员为大家服务，务求使到大家在我们旅途中的：食住行游购娱“都能够得到满意的服务。大家有什么需要帮忙的地方尽不妨尽管说，我们尽所可能地去满足大家的要求。所以，我们也希望在座的每一位团友都能够配合我们导游司机的工作，爱护车厢里的清洁卫生。最后，请大家再次以热烈的掌声来预祝我们将会度过一个轻松愉快的旅程!

​

Welcome to here, let me to introduce for everybody!

"See China in five hundred, please come to Beijing, want to see China in five thousand, please go to xi an", see this you should know the history of the xi an long, xi an was the capital of 13 dynasties, is also one of the seven ancient capitals in China, together with Athens, Cairo, Rome more is known as the "worlds four major ancient civilization". Xian, called chang an. Around xian imperial mausoleum, palace ruins, ancient temple of acquainting and garden scenic spots, is a treasure trove of xi an became a history and culture, numerous cultural relics to reveal it once had the brilliant and deep rich historical and cultural charm. Is in such a city, in this you can feel the Chinese for thousands of years of vicissitudes of life change, and the development of the Chinese civilization and the greatest of the Chinese nation.

In Beijing on January 14, 20xx, the national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot of opening ceremony, the xi an qujiang wild goose pagoda? Datang furong garden scenic spot success promotion national 5 a grade scenic spot, become after the Terra Cotta Warriors, huaqing pool and runs in our province, the fourth national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot, is the first company in xi an city 5 a level scenic area, is the first regional, many attractions whole packaging promotion national 5 a grade scenic spot.

Xi an qujiang wild goose pagoda? Datang lotus park scenic area is located in the core region of xi an qujiang newly developed area, with a total area of 3.8 square kilometers, is Chinas only journal theme scenic spots. There are tang changan xuan zang translated by land, day - the temple of Buddhism; Xi an landmarks, one thousand sites - wild goose pagoda; Architectural landscape, nature, save big tang temple Ursa major temple tang big temple ruins park base sites; Chinas first comprehensive display of tang style park - datang furong garden; In the tang dynasty QuJiangChi site for dating, followed the open cultural experience of landscape pattern of the park - park QuJiangChi sites; After 1400 years of wind and rain of the tang dynasty city wall ruins, restore reproduce the character of the tang dynasty and the tang dynasty as the theme of the artistic conception of tang dynasty city wall ruins park; There is Asias largest matrix water dance music square, leisure culture of great wild goose pagoda scenic area, dazzle beautiful tang Yin and datang city that never sleeps.

Cultural and historical resources of the scenic spot, beautiful scenery and pleasant environment, everywhere embodies the concept of environmental protection and humanistic care, has become a new card in xian city, the ancient capital tourism new brand. Visitors enter the scenic area, every footprint walk on site, every journey to complete the dialogue with history.

HI! Gentlemen, ladies and children:

Everybody is good!

My name is Xia Qing, you can call me mayday forever love, Im glad to serve you, now, I will take you to the famous touring, the Summer Palace, Beijing is good, go!

Now weve come to the famous promenade, the aisle has more than seven hundred meters, is divided into 273. Everyone to see! Each cross on the sill between has a colorful picture, thousands of picture no two are the same. Painting not only beautiful, the flowers on both sides of the corridor, it is more beautiful! Dear visitors, now, everyone to the corridor to walk, see the colorful picture!!!!

We covered corridor, corridor landscape let everybody pay homage? You must also very much looking forward to early see the view of the other attractions? Dont worry, we now go!

Where we are now is at the foot of longevity hill, everyone looked up and look up. You see, it stands on the hillside of triangular pyramid three-tier architecture, is the Buddha incense, below the rows of vehicles by palace, you guess, whats that? Dont know yet! Actually that is row cloud temple! Lets go to see!

A: hi! Everyone to look at, this is the kunming lake, it is often said that you look! There are seventeen little tunnel in this stone bridge, is called the marble seventeen-arch bridge which, railing on hundreds of pillar, the above are carved with a lion, so much the little lion, have different attitude, no two are just the same.

Now, its free time, but should pay attention to the following: 1, dont throw rubbish everywhere; 2, dont graffito of the scribble anywhere; 3, must pay attention to safety.

Great, Im talking so much, I wish you all enjoy! Good thanks!

Wuzhen lies in the far north-east of Zhejiang province, about 90 minutes byroad from Shanghai. The name "water town" is especially apt; besides lying onthe Grand Canal, the settlement is completely encircled by two rivers - the DongShi and a smaller tributary, which meet at a T-junction. No matter where youstand, water provides the backdrop, the raison d锚tre of the whole town.

About 250 families used to live in the old quarter of Wuzhen. However,following the "restoration" of the town, many townsfolk have been moved out tothe "new" Wuzhen, an attractively landscaped but otherwise characterleapartmentblock 15 km down the road towards Shanghai. Those who remain are mainly theelderly and craftspeople. While I was assured that there is nothing to stop newresidents moving into the old town, young people nowadays seem strangelyabsent.

The old wooden shops of Wuzhen look ageleand immovable, as though theirtimbers have totally defied the ravages of time. At first, one suspects that thecustodians of the town have tried to cover up the decomposing processes ofnature. But look more closely and you find slow rot setting in around the basesof the doorframes, and splinters breaking away from the lintels. What littlerestoration has been done is so inconspicuous as to be totally indistinguishablefrom the original.

All the buildings in Wuzhen are in Ming or Qing Dynasty style. One palatialestablishment is the "Double Happiness" Marriage Shrine. Twin hearts are joinedin a nouveau-Chinese character in gilt upon a flaming crimson background,presumably depicting the inseparability of marriage - perhaps the Chinese knowsomething that we Westerners dont.

Wuzhen also has some unique attractions, including Yu Liuliangs Coin andPaper Money Exhibition. Nearby (would you believe) stands a Pawnshop Museum, asif to prove that usury is universal. (Maybe fortunately, Wuzhen has the onlysuch establishment Ive ever come across). I tried looking for a Qing Dynasty DVDplayer in the pawnshop, but was sadly disappointed.

No fewer than eight stone bridges crothe Dong Shi River, the grandest ofthem being the Fengyuan Double Bridge. The bridge is separated into two parts bya wooden sluice gate. Cyclists carry their bikes acrothe high arches of thebridges, which are designed to let boats paunderneath without difficulty.

Back in the main square, the elders are still hanging out. On the villagestage, a performance of Peking Opera is underway. Acrothe square, a masterpuppeteer entertains visitors with a shadow-play of the type known in Java aswayang kulit. But while the Javanese version of shadow puppetry is subtle andrefined, the Wuzhen style has the protagonists attacking each other with theferocity of tigers.

Whether by accident or design, this town seems to have been dropped intoits watery setting by a master town planner from another galaxy. A more perfectlocation for a settlement would be difficult to find. It is fervently to behoped that tourism will augment rather than destroy the unique ambiance ofWuzhen.

欢迎词各位团友，大家好啊!

很高兴见到各位，首先我代表我们公司--国旅对大家参加这次的旅游活动表示热烈的欢迎，本人托大家的鸿福，很幸运能够成为大家的导游。在这里要跟大家说声谢谢哦：“谢谢大家”。先自我介绍吧，我呢是--旅行社的经理(停顿一下)派来的导游，我姓-，单名一个-字，大家可以直接喊我的名字：--。这个名字挺简单，对吗?又好记，呵呵，希望大家喜欢。

在我身边这一位呢是我们这次旅途中最为劳苦功高的一位，我们的--陈师傅，开足两天车的时间，非常幸苦。

在此，我们于以热烈的掌声多谢我们的--师傅。

(略停)谢谢大家!那么，在这两天里面呢，就将由我和陈师傅以及一会我们的地陪这三位工作人员为大家服务，务求使到大家在我们旅途中的：食住行游购娱“都能够得到满意的服务。

大家有什么需要帮忙的地方尽不妨尽管说，我们尽所可能地去满足大家的要求。

所以，我们也希望在座的每一位团友都能够配合我们导游司机的工作，爱护车厢里的清洁卫生。

最后，请大家再次以热烈的掌声来预祝我们将会度过一个轻松愉快的旅程!

Dear friends hello! Is my tour guide, 009, we are going to visit the worlds largest hydropower station, the three gorges hydropower station.

The floorboard of the three gorges, qutang gorge, wu gorge, xiling, located in the upper Yangtze river, between chongqing and yichang of hubei province. The total length of about 1200.

The three gorges on both sides of the mountains, escarpment, absolute scenery; During the turbulent river pentium, shreds, indomitable and is a risk in the United States, is very exciting. Journey, youll be amazed by the three gorges magic beautiful scenery.

Ripples on the blue waves, swim in the landscape, you will also look at the long history of the three gorges, the great poet, qu yuan, and a beautiful peace messengers of wang zhaojun hometown is here, it seems not only produced a generation of the three gorges wit, also created the beauty of the girls, really is here, li bai and so on many poets have topic sentence in the three gorges. Point of view, the three gorges scenery is good, not only has long history.

While we is going to go to the three gorges hydropower station has the worlds largest hydropower unit, after the completion is expected to become the worlds largest hydropower station

The three gorges is really a great treasure in the world!

Ok, lets following the saints footsteps, to explore the mysteries of the three gorges together! I believe you will definitely regret it!

导游实习报告

是在六月八号那一天的上午八点，正式的坐上开往我的实习单位——大汗行宫的汽车部，下午十二点半左右，在经历了崇山峻岭，和无数个小村庄以后终于到达了目的地。然后就是工作人员为我们安排住房，十个人只有四个菜，我也看出来坝上条件的艰苦。

6月9日至7月19日，这段日子对于我来说是疲惫又快乐的。也是在这段日子里，我们摸清楚了大汗行宫的地形，和情况，这是一个巨大的旅游胜地，集餐饮，住宿，观光于一体，在这一个多月里，我们擦亮了所有客房和餐厅的玻璃，拔掉了整个景区的枯草，铲除了所有建筑垃圾，我们跟着水工安水管，跟着电工做接线板，我们种花，我们扛水泥，我们不停的做着重复的工作，无聊疲惫，但是我们依然乐观，积极，同学们，团结一致，可能当时就算是天塌下来，我们也不会有丝毫的畏惧，因为，我们在一起。那个时候，我们唯一的娱乐项目就是每天晚上大家一起打牌，发泄心中的不满和愤怒，但是第二天，大家依然会将全部的热情投入到辛勤的工作中去。正式分配岗位是在7月8号，我也正式的如愿以偿的成为了一名大汗行宫的讲解员，那一天的我是开心的还有一点小兴奋，又有一点小悲伤，同学们也都分到了不同的岗位，这意味着我们由于工作性质和时间的不同就不能经常在一起了，以后只能自己照顾自己。我永远也不会忘记那一天，我带了我生命里的第一批客人，我深深地受伤了。我背熟了所有的讲解词，用自认为十分生动的语言，讲解的时候，没有掌声没有喝彩，客人只是拍照，没有谁在听我，但是我还是把我所知道的全讲出来，送走客人之后，我彻底的灰心了，我突然觉得，我的工作很没有价值，我是真的受伤了，以至于好几天都无精打采，直到有一天，我带了一位长者，他是一位对历史有浓厚兴趣的老爷爷，在讲解的过程中，他会问我一些问题，我都耐心的为他解答，这使我对于讲解工作又重新燃起了希望之火，我也深深地体会到了，为他人服务的快乐。讲解员是不论刮风下雨还是烈日炎炎都要坚守岗位的，在坝上的风吹日晒雨淋下，我们的脸黑了，暴皮了，但却从未抱怨放弃。一直努力一直坚持。7月19日一定是个好日子，大汗行宫正式开业了，那一天欢天喜地，从早晨五点钟忙到后半夜，我们帮保安检票，布置会场，去客房作床，去餐厅走菜，在会场带动现场气氛。总之忙了个底朝天，但是在那一天我们看见了好多明星，我们等到了景区步入了正轨。

是在7月26日那一天了，我成为了一名无证导游，我被安排到承德市的大汗行宫接待处往坝上带团，主要的工作内容就是，把客人安全的带到大汗行宫，为他们安排食宿，为他们讲解宫殿区，陪他们到娱乐区玩，我主要的问题在于，我是一个路痴，我记不住路，以至于头两次带路的时侯走错路，直到第三次才顺利到达目的地，让我欣慰的是以后带团几乎是百发百中。在带团的过程中，也遇见了形形客人，锻炼了我与人沟通的能力，作导游工作于我所学的专业对口，了解了一些旅游行业的知识，抱着学习的态度我受益匪浅。为了给公司谋取最大的利益我们是有团必走，常常在安排好客人以后已经是深夜了，第二天还要很早起床进行讲解，虽然有点疲惫，但是还算充实。这样的日子一直持续到8月20日，将近淡季的时候所有人回归，组织上安排了我去看军帐了，那里有专供客人拍照的服装，衣服不同价位不同，说实在的，看帐真的是一项超级无聊的工作，尤其是像我这样喜欢和人聊天的人真的觉得好寂寞，可是我就是在每天收钱，记账中竟也坚持下来了，而且业绩还不错。转眼十月份来了，坝上冷了，下霜了，刮起了刺骨的寒风，就算穿羽绒服都不觉得温暖了，宿舍里都结冰了，盖三床被子，依然会被冻醒，十月份的日子不好过。但是日子再苦再难，我们走过来了，气温再低再凉我们坚持住了，终于迎来了10月7日，我们实习结束的日子，当坐上返程的，汽车时，往事历历在目，再见了，大汗行宫，我曾经奋斗过的地方！

Dear examiners! Hello! Im __X, Im ready to start!

Welcome to Jingdezhen ancient kiln folk custom exhibition area. Im XiaoZhao, the tour guide of the Jingdezhen ancient kiln folk custom exhibition area.Its my great honor to accompany you to the tour. Next, Ill explain theJingdezhen ancient kiln folk custom exhibition area to you.

Style of porcelain capital

Jingdezhen is located in the northeast of Jiangxi Province. It issurrounded by mountains and water. There are plenty of porcelain materials,skilled craftsmen and smooth water transportation for export. It is a naturalporcelain producing area.

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a town named Xinping. The name ofJiyi town in Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Jingde (1004 AD), due to thelocal tribute porcelain favored by the royal family, Changnan town was changedto "Jingdezhen". So far, the name of "Jingdezhen" has been used for thousands ofyears.

The prosperity of porcelain industry has brought the prosperity of Commerceand formed the town characteristics with porcelain culture. With Zhushanimperial kiln as the center, Jingdezhen is surrounded by many green houses andkilns. Hongdian, chaihang and porcelain houses are everywhere. Even some commonpeoples homes are built by ceramic wastes such as kiln bricks and saggers. Theold style of "the great town in the south of the Yangtze River" can be seentoday.

Four famous traditional porcelain in Jingdezhen

Jingdezhen porcelain is as white as jade, as bright as a mirror, as thin aspaper and as loud as a chime. Among all kinds of porcelain, the most famous blueand white porcelain, such as exquisite blue and white porcelain, colored glazeporcelain and pastel porcelain, is known as "the essence of Chinese culture" and"the treasure of China".

1、 Blue and white porcelain

Blue and white porcelain is one of the most excellent porcelain varietiesin the history of Chinas ceramics. Since its inception, it has always been themainstream product of Jingdezhen porcelain industry, so that it has survived fornearly 800 years. The successful firing of blue and white porcelain is the mostepoch-making event in Chinas ceramic history. Since then, Chinese porcelain hasentered the era of colored porcelain, which makes the combination of Chinesepainting skills and porcelain making technology more mature.

Blue and white porcelain is a kind of preparation pigment - "blue and whiteporcelain" with cobalt oxide as color developing agent. It is painted on theporcelain body, covered with transparent glaze, and fired at a high temperature.It is characterized by black green, fresh and beautiful, quiet and elegant, withthe artistic effect of Chinese ink painting. The whole blue and white ware, withits bright blue pattern, complements the blue and white of the porcelain body.It is gorgeous but not vulgar, fresh but not frivolous, bright and stable,gorgeous and calm, with high artistic value.

Due to different strokes, different techniques, different ideas anddifferent materials, each period of blue and white decoration has differentartistic effects, showing distinct characteristics of the times. It is mainlydivided into blue and white porcelain of Yuan Dynasty, blue and white porcelainof Ming Dynasty and blue and white porcelain of Qing Dynasty.

2. Exquisite blue and white

Jingdezhens exquisite blue and white porcelain, which is crystal clear andelegant, is a traditional famous porcelain in Jingdezhen. It was created andburned in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty. It not only absorbs the advantages ofblue and white technology, but also adopts the ingenious method of carving art.It has the characteristics of light, compact, simple, elegant and fresh.Foreigners call it "glass inlaid porcelain", which has been well-known at homeand abroad.

Exquisite blue and white is a comprehensive decoration of underglaze blueand white and exquisite carving. It is in the porcelain body, the firstproduction of exquisite through the tick of rice shaped hole, known as "Mitong",commonly known as "Linglong eye", and then "Linglong glaze" filled with Linglongeye, combined with the color of green blue and white decoration, glaze into thekiln high temperature firing.

The exquisite blue and white decoration style is different. Its exquisiteglaze color is transparent with green, and the small holes are transparent. Itseems that small windows are opened one by one, and sunlight and light arepenetrated. It is a special pattern of exquisite eyes composed of porcelain, andthe artistic effect is unique. Combined with the blue and white decoration, itis particularly exquisite, simple, fresh and clear against the background ofwhite and blue glaze.

Today, Linglong eye has developed from a single "meter" to round, sharp,flat, linear, curved and other forms. And can form a variety of flowers andbirds, water waves, cloud figures and other shapes, enrich the blue and whiteexquisite decorative effect, make it more colorful.

Color glaze color glaze is a kind of glaze with metal oxide (iron, copper,manganese, cobalt) as colorant, which can present a certain inherent color afterfiring at a certain temperature in an appropriate atmosphere. Its glaze ismottled, bright and colorful. Some are like white clouds floating in the bluesky, some are like crystal dew shining on the lawn, some are like crystal starsblinking in the Milky way, some are like the red sun rising in the sky, some arelike the clear river running quietly, some are like bright gems shining, someare like raging fire in the furnace Burning, some like a beautiful peacock inthe open screen

Jingdezhen is one of the regions with the longest history, the mostvarieties, the best quality and the highest achievements in firing color glazedporcelain. Jingdezhens colored glazed porcelain, with its colorful glaze,exquisite and perfect utensils and different styles of modeling, has become ashining pearl in the history of world arts and crafts. It is still dazzling,enchanting and amazing.

4. Famille Rose Porcelain famille rose belongs to overglaze paintingdecoration. Overglaze painting is a kind of decoration technique that paintingdecoration is carried out on the fired porcelain body, and then barbecue atabout 800 ℃ to make the picture solidify on the surface of porcelain aftermelting.

As early as the song and Yuan Dynasties, Jingdezhen porcelain workers beganto use color materials containing metal oxides to decorate the surface ofporcelain. In the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty, the imperial kilnsuccessfully fired blue and white porcelain with underglaze blue and white andoverglaze color. After the mid Ming Dynasty, Chenghua doucai and Wanli blue andwhite wucai (blue and white as one of the five colors of colored porcelain iscalled blue and white wucai). )In the early Qing Dynasty, after the emergence ofblue glaze, the glazed porcelain began to break away from the constraints ofblue and white and become an independent category of porcelain decoration.Kangxi five colors (red, green, yellow, blue, black) are thick and colorful,also known as "hard color", and Jingdezhen called them "ancient color".

In Yongzheng period, based on the five colors of Kangxi period, Jingdezhenporcelain workers, referring to the production process of enamel color (thecolor material of imperial utensils of Qing Dynasty), mixed the glass materialcontaining arsenic oxide into the color material containing lead to producemilky white effect. This kind of glass material containing arsenic was called"glass white" by Jingdezhen porcelain workers. Based on Kangxi five colors, ifglass white is added to the color materials, all colors will be "powdered" intodifferent shades, and the colors of the color materials will become pinkishcolors, such as red into pink, green into pink, and so on. These warm and moistintermediate colors not only give people a soft feeling of powder moistening,but also expand the range of colors of overglaze colors, so that colors can berendered, with layers, shades, clear Yin and Yang, and the painting method canbe more meticulous. Because it is characterized by a pink white tone, peoplecall it pastel, and Jingdezhen porcelain workers also call it "soft color".

Pastel decoration is characterized by bright colors, soft powder, richcolors, gorgeous elegance, fine brushwork and freehand brushwork. It has strongexpressive force in the decoration of figures, landscapes, flowers and birds,and is full of traditional Chinese painting style. The famille rose porcelainwas the most famous in Yongzheng period. In this period, the overglaze porcelainhas developed to a stage where a hundred flowers vie with each other. It marksthat the development of Chinas traditional overglaze porcelain has reached avery high level.

This is the introduction of Jingdezhen ancient kiln folk custom exhibitionarea. Now you can visit it freely and come back here according to the schedule.Have a good time.

首阳山位于渭源县东南34公里的莲峰乡享堂沟，海拔在2186-2509米之间，因其列群山之首，阳光先照而得名。

首阳山因商未周初孤竹国(今河北庐龙县)君之二子伯夷、叔齐相让嗣君，相偕至周，后闻武王伐纣，叩马谏阴。因武王不听，遂愤而不食周粟，西行至首阳山，采薇而食，后饿死于首阳山而成为陇右名山。秦汉在此建县时就名首阳县了。

渭源首阳山最早见于庄子所言伯夷、叔齐西至岐阳，见周武王伐殷曰：吾闻古之士，遭治世还避其任，遇乱世不为苟存，今天下暗，周德衰，其并乎周以涂吾身也，不若逊之，以洁吾行二子北至于首阳之山，遂饥饿而死。又东汉-学家曹大家(即班昭)注《幽通赋》说：夷齐饿于首阳山在陇西首阳。

渭源在秦末汉初建县，就名首阳县，归陇西郡管辖，县以山得名。直到西魏文帝大统十七年(公元551)始改名渭源县。据此看来，渭源首阳山得名最早，历史悠久，为夷齐隐居采蕨直至饿死的最确首阳山。

首阳山西北侧有石门，因两座石崖东西对峙，间开一线，形似石门而得名。石门夜月为当地一景。两崖之间有一水库，容量500多万立方米，是一处理想的水上乐园。水库后面为长十五里的天井峡谷，这里座座陡峭的山崖相对挺立，四山合围，蓝天变成一条细线，人如处井底，其地势恰似一大锯解开的板缝，故此当地俗称解板沟。天井峡山奇水美，恰似仙境，有鬼斧神工的自然造型27处景点。沿十五里天井画廊，到处充满着奇、险、壮、绝、清、秀、幽、静、古、野之情趣。如从县城向南行直抵天井峡，约有20多公里路程。

Canglang district is located in the central and southern Chinas historical and cultural city of suzhou, suzhou Singapore industrial park in the east, west of suzhou high-tech industrial development zone, named after the deep in the song dynasty famous surging waves pavilion. Is the center of the education, culture, science, travel in suzhou, and suzhou citys oldest and one of the central city of the most abundant cultural accumulation.

Have "canglang pavilion of surging waves" is located in the south of three yuan fang, is the oldest in suzhou gardens, the beginning of five Surging waves pavilion generation of the son of the king of wu yue money Liu money yuan 璙 pool pavilion, a famous poet Su Shunqin by four guan money bought the garden waste, to build, alongside water pavilion, title "of surging waves", since the number of surging waves weng, and the surging wave pavilion ". Ouyang xiu was invited as the surging waves pavilion long poem, the poem to "cool breeze bright moon is priceless, its a pity that only sell forty thousand money" fude. Since then, the garden to people, "surging waves pavilion" reputation DaZhu. Now as the national key cultural relics protection unit. . The "master of the nets garden" is located in the city bridge south rich family head with lane. Beginning for the southern song dynasty official department assistant minister Shi Zhengzhi in chunxi years (1174-1189) built "rolls of hall", implement "fishing" Cain said. Because there is "siforrestwang lane" near, harmonic its sound YuYu implicit meaning, "master of the nets garden". As a national key cultural relics protection units. In suzhou "pan gate three scene" is "pan gate" in the southwest of the water gate, across the canal "wu gate bridge", in the flow of the shadow of the "temple tower of the", by doing a grand canal, the three links scene together, become the area of the ancient city of suzhou.

Canglang moderate and moist climate, abundant rainfall, all the year round, the four seasons all appropriate tourism, especially in the 4 - best in October. In the meantime, can appreciate TaoGongLiuLu natural scenery, but also taste the fresh peach, "biluochun", sugar, lotus root, such as seasonal specialties.

Suzhou dialect, which is also called wu, is famous in the history, the so-called "soft suchou dialect language". Canglang as a region of suzhou, dialect and Zhou Lin at pingkiang, gold Chang regions such as basically the same. In the suzhou zhijun, and districts have been detailed and not repeat. Only ranked below will Wu Yuzhong related characteristics. Suzhou dialect commonly known as "forever is mine." Suzhou people claim to be "suzhou gossip". Its biggest characteristic is "soft", it sounds "" delicious, so that some outsiders" willing with suzhou people scold "listen to very tasty" gossip "in suzhou.

Of the mountains, only laoshan is by the sea to rise. Laoshan is a major mountain ranges of the shandong peninsula, pu top 1133 meters above sea level the highest peak,, the highest peak in Chinas coastline, with sea "the first famous mountains". It stands in the yellow sea, tall and majestic. Laoshan around the coastline of 87 kilometers, 18, coastal islands constitute the wonders of laoshan sea, mountain, hill sea color, light is the laoshan scenic features. Laoshan is also one of the worlds three major high-quality mineral water, underground water system center.

Laoshan mountain peak, there are huge too clear, Yang mouth, China building, clear stream, chessboard stone and north nine water seven large viewing area. Laoshan mountain is the famous Taoist mountains in our country, the most in the past, a concept of "jiugong eight seventy-two temples", the whole thousands of monks. The famous Taoist figures QiuChangChun, zhang sanfeng once in this order. The original Taoist temple mostly destroyed.

Preserved etheric qing dynasty palace of the scale is biggest, the longest history. The mountain, the mountain sea of light color. When you walk in laoshan bluestone paths, one side is blue sky, great tide; On the other side is the pine peak, the lush, you will be open-minded, qi shu shuang god. As a result, some say old laoshan is "the fairy curtilage, [mansion". Legend, the emperor qin shi huang had come to beg fairy, these activities, to the laoshan painted a layer of mysterious color.

Laoshan is a major mountain ranges of the shandong peninsula, pu top 1133 meters above sea level the highest peak. It stands in the yellow sea, tall and majestic. Mountain, the mountain sea of light color, is the laoshan scenic features. In the national famous mountains, only laoshan is by the sea to rise.

Laoshan district is located in mid-latitudes warm temperate zone monsoon climate area, adequate light resources, abundant heat, rainfall, mild humid, four seasons. Rizhao historical average of 2503.3 hours. Annual average temperature 12.1 ℃, the monthly average relative humidity of 72%.

Laoshan products rich in resources. World-famous laoshan mineral water, good water quality, contain a variety of minerals beneficial to human body, is the best water for brewing liquor and beverages. Which are found in their mouth bay of laoshan green stone, for stone treasures. Laoshan fist, yunfeng, dried milk cake is one of the vertical lai native products. Due to the unique "small jiangnan" of the climate and the growth of laoshan tea become a few drinks. Cold dew good peach, cherry varieties, known. The vast coastline provides unique favorable conditions for Marine fishing. Is rich in yellow croaker, sea cucumber, abalone, scallop, kelp, such as AGAR weed sea Jane delicious.

Dandong is located in the northeast of China, in the southeast of LiaoningProvince, across the Yalu River in the East and Xinyi Prefecture of theDemocratic Peoples Republic of Korea, across the Hun River in the northeast andadjacent to Jian City of Jilin Province and Huanren County of Benxi City,Xiuyan County of Anshan in the West, and Zhuanghe City in the southwest. Thestarting point end point China is the northern end of the Chinese mainlandcoastline (the southernmost end of China is the Beilun estuary). The east end ofthe Great Wall in China and the largest border city, built by the river and thesea, can not only feel the charm of the tide, but also feel the slow wind of theriver in Dandong. It is also known as "the most beautiful border city in China".She has five beauties

First, the location is beautiful. Dandong is located at 40 degrees northlatitude, on the same dimension line with the great capital, that is, east ofBeijing. When the sun rises in the East, Dandong is the first city to feel thelight of the sun than Beijing, which deserves to be called the Red OrientalCity.

Dandong is the only "three coastal" border city with "coastal, border andriver" in China. It not only has the first port on the ten thousand mile seaborder line, but also has the convenience of land and sea transportation. Thedeveloped three-dimensional transportation network leads to domestic andforeign. Near the citys 120 km long coastline, there are many islands such asDalu island and zhangdao Island, which are like bright stars scattered in theNorth Yellow Sea. As the first point of the "five points and one line" strategy,the expressway connecting the five points will make Dandong closely linked withother coastal cities in Liaoning Province. Compared with other border cities inChina, it is an important intersection of the economic circle around the YellowSea and the Bohai Sea. It has a 306 km border with the Korean Peninsula and isthe main land passage connecting the Korean peninsula with China and Eurasia.Whether its land transportation to North Korea or water transportation to SouthKorea, there are convenient transportation to the world. In China, there arerailways and expressways leading to Dalian, Shenyang, Tonghua and otherdirections, connecting the transportation network inside and outside theprovince in all directions, convenient and fast. There is neither the "basinconsciousness" and "border consciousness" caused by the location occlusion, northe "Cape consciousness" of the border area, but the unique sense of regionalpride.

Second, the beauty of customs. Compared with the ethnic composition ofother border areas, Dandong is also a multi-ethnic area. Among the 2.4 millionpeople in Donggang City, Fengcheng City, Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County andYuanbao, Zhenxing and Zhenan districts under its jurisdiction, the urbanpopulation is 700000. It has 28 ethnic groups, including Han, Manchu, Mongolian,Hui, North Korea and Xibe, accounting for half of the 56 ethnic groups. Amongthe ethnic minorities, Manchu has the largest population, accounting for 32% ofthe citys population. It is the largest Manchu inhabited area in China, and itis one of the important birthplaces of Manchu. Manchu is one of the mostimportant ethnic minorities in modern China. Not only in the modern history ofChina has a strong brushstroke, but also in real life, Manchu folk customs havepenetrated into the daily life here. On the stage, you will see the "easternborder drum" stirring up. In daily life, you will experience the rough, bold,delicate and gentle national customs. Compared with other border cities, thiskind of rough and unconstrained, delicate and gentle multiple customs israre.

Third, historical beauty. As early as 18000 years ago, our ancestorslabored, lived and multiplied in this rich land. The "qianyangren" cave site andhouwa site reproduce the scenes of the Paleolithic and Neolithic ancients livinghere. This used to be the place of secluded Yan. The bronze swords of Yan andQin Dynasties described the territorial disputes of that time. After Yan and QinDynasties, it belonged to Liaodong county. Wuci county and Xian Ping County inthe Western Han Dynasty were the earliest cities in Dandong and one of theearliest county-level administrative units in Northeast China.

In the first year of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 668),Liaodong, which was under the secession of Xia Dynasty, set up Anton capitalsresidence (the name of Anton city comes from here). In 1876, the Qing governmentset up Fenghuang hall and Anton County, and Kuandian County the next year, withFenghuang hall as its capital. Anton opened a port in 1907 and became theearliest political and economic center in Eastern Liaoning. Anton city wasofficially established on December 1, 1937. In 1965, the State Council decidedto change Anton city to Dandong City, which means "Red Oriental City".

The Yalu River has nurtured Dandong, a beautiful city. As early as the 13thyear of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, "all the land in the East has been banned","all those who know the land and cultivate it, regardless of the flag andpeople, have been registered in the household register", and the hundreds ofmillions of cubic meters of long coveted trees in the Changbai Mountains haveattracted thousands of loggers. The Yalu River flows gently from the foot ofChangbai Mountain to the Yellow Sea. In todays Shahezi area, there is a placefor woodcutters to rest and keep healthy. Naturally, there was the largesttimber based material distribution center in the Yalu River Basin in NortheastChina at that time. Dandong once became the "wood capital" (you may have seen ascene in the TV series Chuang Guandong, where the people who put the raftslanded in Anton). In addition, a large number of grain carriers, all kinds ofmountain goods and local products have gathered in Dandong, and all kinds ofshops have been listed for business. The rise and continuous prosperity ofCommerce has formed the city, which is Dandong. It can be said that the YaluRiver has laid a solid foundation for the birth and prosperity of Dandong.

Fourth, environmental beauty. Compared with other border cities in China,Dandong has a warm temperate climate with four distinct seasons, warm in winterand cool in summer. The annual average precipitation is about 1000 mm, which isthe same as that of Shanghai in the south of the Yangtze River. It is thewettest place in northern China.

Climate makes the environment. The spring in Dandong seems to be cominglate, and I dont want to be far away. When the earth returns to spring, it isthe best season to watch the Dandong City Flower rhododendrons. Therhododendrons all over the mountains make the earth look enchanting. Because thespring is relatively long, and there is no sandstorm weather in the northernspring, the blooming period is also longer. No matter in spring, summer, autumnand winter, it is one of the most comfortable places in northern China. Theweather of more than 30 degrees in summer is only about 5 days. The whole summeris cool. You come to the seaside or scenic spot here for summer vacation andenjoy the beautiful environment endowed by nature. The autumn rainfall inDandong is reduced, and the climate is cool and pleasant. At this time, theginkgo trees on both sides of the streets of Dandong City are full of fruits andgolden. Interestingly, there are few ginkgo leaves left in the whole tribeovernight. The streets paved with ginkgo leaves have become the famous "GoldenAvenue" in Dandong. In the various scenic spots along the Yalu River, themountains are full of red leaves, just like autumn clothes made of colorfulbrocade.

Rivers are products of climate. Due to the humid climate, there are nearly1000 large, medium and small rivers with a length of more than 20__ meters inDandong. Among them, there are four big rivers with a drainage area of more than5000 square kilometers, namely Yalu River, Hun River, Aihe River and Dayangriver. Abundant water resources, annual runoff of 11 billion cubic meters. Thewater quality is excellent, and the density of water system ranks first inLiaoning Province. Dandong is also rich in geothermal hot spring and mineralwater resources, and the reserves of hot spring water are among the top inLiaoning Province. Wulongbei hot spring and Dongtang hot spring are good placesfor tourism, vacation, recuperation, leisure and fitness.

Vegetation is the reference of climate. Due to the humid climate, the greencoverage rate of Dandong is relatively high, and the annual air qualitycompliance rate is 94.8%. In winter, it is one of the warmest areas in NortheastChina. In the Yalu River, a winter swimming team is active all the year round.In the morning fog filled Yalu River, we can see them chasing the waves. In theforest and snow fields of mountainous areas, there are active winter sportslovers on the ski resort. If tourists come here to ski, jump into the steaminghot spring and enjoy the most comfortable time in winter.

Fifth, the beauty of the city. Dandong is a typical cluster type belt City,the widest part is only more than 2 kilometers, and the narrowest part is only afew hundred meters. In addition to five rivers directly flowing into the YaluRiver, there are several large green isolation belts wedged into the urban belt.Compared with those big pie like urban patterns, although the investment ininfrastructure is large, it also creates a city suitable for work and life Itsa good place to live in. When the sea tide and river breeze slowly come, theinherent heat of the city is not isolated from the air. When the sea tide andriver breeze recede, the fragrance of flowers and plants slanting down from thedense forest on the mountains of 17 cities is refreshing. This small town, whichhas been open for only one hundred years, is not an old city, but it has allkinds of ancient construction sites, recording the history of the city. A nearly100 km long landscape road, built along the Yalu River, has become the longestborder landscape road in the world. This road connects the two starting pointsof China, one is the east end of the Great Wall, the starting point of HushanGreat Wall, and the other is the east end of the sea border.

My friends, perhaps the five beauties of Dandong do not fully summarize thetrue meaning of her beauty. You may sum up more beauties of Dandong. Lets saythat Dandongs resources are not only on the ground, but also underground.

Dandong has a total area of 1495 square kilometers. Although its land areais less than 1% of the national land area, it is rich in resources. There aregreen resources on the ground and rich mineral resources underground, many ofwhich rank first in China. Almost the same as the political border line, it isalso in the transitional zone between Changbai flora and North China flora.Dandong has both the characteristics and representative plants of the two flora.There are more than 280 species of fungi in 32 families, 340 species ofbryophytes in 66 families, 80 species of ferns in 21 families and 1300 speciesof seed plants in 103 families. Apart from the border areas in the south, thevegetation here is the most abundant. Many valuable medicinal plants areproduced here, such as ginseng, prickly ginseng, asarum, Gastrodia elata,Schisandra chinensis, sea cucumber and so on. Take tussah as an example. Dandongis a famous tussah town in the world. It not only has a long history ofsericulture, but also has the Oriental color of tussah silk. China is thehometown of silk, and the silk road spreads Chinese silk to the world. Perhapssilk is made of Southern silkworms, while Dandong tussah silk has uniquecharacteristics of jewelry luster, natural luxury, smooth comfort, moistureabsorption and good air permeability. The clothing made of tussah silk fabriccan absorb water and evaporate rapidly in midsummer. It can stick to the skinand keep warm in the middle of winter. It is soft and comfortable. It is warm inwinter and cool in summer.

Dandong is close to the sea. Naturally, it has the characteristics of thesea. Even the dialect of Dandong is mixed with the typical flavor of "Oyster",which may be formed by eating seafood frequently. The seafood and the Yalu Rivertreasure fishery breeding belt, as well as the top ten special products such ashigh-quality rice, chestnut, strawberry, Schisandra chinensis and strawberry arewell-known at home and abroad.

Under the surface, boron, gold, lead-zinc, molybdenum and other mineralsare also stored. Among them, boron ore reserves account for 96.3% of theprovince, 64.2% of the country, ranking first in the country, known as "Boronsea"; gold reserves account for 37.2% of the provinces total gold, rankingfirst in the province.

Dandongs original ecological landscape is well preserved, and its tourismresources are complete and abundant. In the north, there are many greenmountains, in the south, the winding Yalu river connects with the vast YellowSea. Bangshantai, the starting point of the Great Wall in the East, the riversea boundary stele in the north, the bullet marked Yalu River Bridge, the richethnic customs, and the river, mountain, lake, sea, forest, spring and rivermake up countless wonderful landscapes. As an excellent tourist city, Dandong isalso a hot tourist city in Liaoning Province and an important endpoint city ofthe "Golden Triangle" tourist city in Liaoning Province. Dandongs tourismresources can be expressed in five words, that is "man Chao Jiang Shan Lu". Letme give you a detailed interpretation of the connotation of these fivewords:

Manchu -- this is the birthplace of Manchu. Manchu folk customs are richand have penetrated into our daily life. You can enjoy the Manchu Customs onsome special occasions.

North Korea Dandong is directly adjacent to the Korean Peninsula. Theunique customs of the North Korean people can be seen everywhere, whether theylive in Dandong or on the other side. Maybe you come to Dandong for the firsttime. There are three kinds of signs on many stores. One is Chinese, the otheris English, and the third is Korean. Dandong is a truly international city.

River is the Yalu River. When you come to Dandong, if you dont look at theYalu River, you will come in vain. Whether you walk along the landscape road bythe Yalu River or take a boat tour of the Yalu River, you will appreciate thestatus of the Yalu River in the eyes of the people of Dandong. The Yalu Riverscenic area, with the Yalu River as the main axis, is 210 km long in Dandong. Itis along the mother river of Dandong City, carrying the brilliant development ofDandong City.

Mountain - Dandong is located in the hilly area of Eastern Liaoning, wheremany famous mountains and waters are created by the remaining veins of ChangbaiMountain. There are: Yalu River, qingshangou and Fenghuang mountain threenational key scenic spots; Baishilazi and Yalu River Estuary coastal wetland twonational nature reserves; tianqiaogou and Dagushan two national forest parks;Fenghuangshan mountain city, Yalu River broken bridge, Hushan great wall andother national key cultural relics protection units; In addition, there are alsoTianhua Mountain Forest Park, a natural volcano museum, Huangyishan Forest Parkand so on; Dalishu village, which is the "national agricultural tourismdemonstration unit", has a total land area of 15000 square kilometers, and 1500square kilometers of various scenic spots, accounting for 10% of the total landarea. This proportion is the highest in the province and far higher than thenational average.

Green - Dandong has high green vegetation coverage, which is the highestvegetation coverage area in Liaoning Province and an important area forEcotourism in Liaoning Province. Whether in the six major scenic spots of YaluRiver scenic spot, or in qingshangou, Dalishu village, daludao and other places,the natural ecology has fulfilled peoples good desire to return to nature.

Dandong has a wide range of local products, such as ginseng, chestnut,strawberry, hawthorn, tussah, edible fungi, forest frog, prawn and so on.Dandong is close to the river and adjacent to the sea. It is rich in aquaticproducts and marine products. Yalu River fish is a specialty of Yalu River.There are many kinds of treasures in the sea, such as conch, jade conch,scallop, red shellfish, variegated clam, Portunus, shrimp, abalone, flat jadeconch, vein red conch, fragrant conch, variegated clam, Meretrix, Bamboo Clam,cuttlefish, octopus, etc Shrimp and other well-known at home and abroad, marinefish are mainly ray, Coilia, silver fish, COD, bass, yellow croaker, hairtail,pomfret, flounder and so on. The rich freshwater resources provide a strongsupport for the vigorous development of freshwater aquaculture here. The mainspecies are male fish, silver carp, carp, heavy lip, horse mouth fish, catfish,rainbow trout, as well as Penaeus vannamei, river crab, paddy crab, etc. Inaddition, there are Manchu "sour soup", North Korean "cake making", Dandong"barbecue" and other local snacks. By tasting these snacks, you can feel Dandongfolk customs and multi-ethnic culture.

Dandong has complete tourism infrastructure and convenient transportation,which has formed a three-dimensional transportation system of sea, land and air.Dandong railway is 220 kilometers away from Pyongyang and 420 kilometers awayfrom Seoul (now known as Seoul). The international intermodal train from Moscowto Beijing to Pyongyang passes through Dandong. At the intersection of nationalhighways 201 and 304, Dandong Shenyang and Dandong Dalian expressways, and theconstruction of infrastructure projects such as northeast east railway project,Shendan double track railway, Dantong expressway, Danhai expressway, DanZhuangrailway and Haikong port expansion are under planning and implementation.Dandong will be at the central intersection of four expressways and threerailways

Dandong port is a natural non freezing port and an international tradingport at the northernmost coast of mainland China. It has been cooperating withJapan, South Korea, North Korea, Russia, the United States and Hong Kong for 50years

西安大清真寺英文导游词

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词怎么写？跟着小编来看看下面的范文，说不定能帮到你们哦~

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi’an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.

However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.

Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.

However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.

Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty. In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslems in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.

The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.

According to the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called Retrospection Tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship. Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.

The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being unclean”. According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.

The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi’an. Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on the spot. In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot Spring). The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace). In the Tang dynasty, Li Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain in the year of 747. It was known as the Huaqing Palace. It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.

Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high. It is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance. So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black horse).

The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days. When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white. However, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall. It owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring. This is the Frost Drifting Hall that greets us today.

Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool. According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very remote past. Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rain here. Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it became serious again. In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons under the Jade Cause Way (玉堤), with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day long to meet the needs of local irrigation. Besides, he had the old dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged him to exercise control over the young.

The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water surface. In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang (the Nine Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths). At the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of the Lunar calendar and return to Chang’an City as the year drew to its close. The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish, dragons, birds and flowers. In it twin lotus flowers also carved with white jade could be seen as well. The spring water welled from the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers. Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang (the Lotus Flower Hot Spring).

The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan Zong’s favorite lady, used to take bath. It was originally built with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water like a spring. The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering crabapple; Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring or the Lotus Hot Spring..

Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to air her hair after a bath. Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing Pavilion. Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was aglow with sunshine; hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.

Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built pavilion. On its head three big Chinese characters Xi Jia Lou” (Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring water.

At this spa there are four hot springs. They have an hourly flow of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C. The spring water contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals, which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pain. The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its water flow averages 25 tons per hour.

Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a temporary stay during the Xi’an Incident.

The Xi’an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also known as the Double Twelfth Incident. After the Incident of September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of North China. This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation. Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his reactionary policy domestic tranquility is a must for the resistance against Japanese invades,” and commanded the Northeast Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. Inspired by our Party’s policy let us stop the internal war and unit to resist the Japanese aggressors,” those two generals made to Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the Communist Party for the resistance. Not only did he reject the proposal, but flew to Xi’an to scheme the suppression of the Communist Party.” And the slaughter of the patriotic youth. Out of patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi’an Incident.

Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was impending. Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool. They fought a fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang’s bodyguards in one vigorous effort. The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown and slippers only. What’s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost one of his slippers while crossing over the back wall. He staggered up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice halfway on it. Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find that Chiang’s hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt remained warm. In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus escorted him to Xi’an.

In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf of the C.C.P.C. insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident. Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi’an. Zhou Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work there, took everything possible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals. On December 25, Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing. The Xi’an Incident was so peacefully settled.

The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese drive. Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage. It marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.

In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a National Rejuvenation Pavilion” built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek had hidden himself in the Incident. It was also called Vital Energy Pavilion”. After the national liberation it was renamed Catching Chiang Pavilion”. Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which carries a brief introduction to the Xi’an Incident. Iron chains and rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can climb up to take a look at Chiang Kaishek’s shelter.

Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch sight of a bridge-like construction. It shines regularly with a myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very much like rainbow. So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.

Located on the Xixiu Ridge (the West Embroidery Ridge) of the Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou Dynasty seem easy to identify.

The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to give border alarm in ancient times. It was constantly under special control. Once the enemies were pressing on towards the border, the beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the daytime while set on fire at night.

The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile. King You tried many ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again. He called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs”, and she pulled a long face. Then the band were asked to play the bamboo flute and strings” and she remained displeased. Afterwards, maids of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,” and she did not let out a smile at all.

You don’t like music! What on earth are you fond of?” the King asked.

I nearly have a liking for nothing. But I can still well remember I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk when I was a child. It was clear anf melodious,” she replied. King You said in excitement, That is very simple. How come you didn’t let me know it earlier?”

Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear it into pieces. Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.

Why didn’t you let out a single smile then?” he asked.

I have never smiled so far, ” the Queen replied.

The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in the end he gave orders, Anyone both in and out of court who can amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.”

Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and offered advice: Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers.” That night the King and Queen reached the Lishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order. In the split second the flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain. There they found nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively. The King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that Everything should have been all right. I have just been joking with you.” When they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left disappointed. Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily. Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold. Later on King You did so more often than not. In 771 B.C. Quan Rong (a then minority tribe) staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou Dynasty. King You ordered urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved. Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away. The Western Zhou dynasty vanished. Herein come the Chinese idiom A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold” and The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.”

Tourists,

hello everyone! Today, we are going to visit Chaohu Lake, one of Chinasfive major freshwater lakes and a national key scenic spot. Before visiting, letme give you an overview of it. Chaohu Lake is located in the middle of AnhuiProvince. It is named after its bird nest shape. It is 54.5 kilometers long fromeast to west, 21 kilometers wide from north to south, and covers an area of morethan 800 square kilometers. Now it is the "Inner Lake" of Hefei. Since ancienttimes, it has the reputation of "eight hundred Li Lake sky". There are mountainsin the lake and water in the mountains. It is known for its beautiful scenery.Chaohu Lake is also a famous land of fish and rice. Its silverfish, white riceshrimp and crabs are known as "three treasures of Chaohu Lake".

Chaohu, also known as "Jiaohu". It is said that Chaohu was a state inancient times. One year when it was dry, xiaobailong secretly rained to get ridof the drought. He broke the rule of heaven and was banished to earth by theemperor of heaven. In order to repay her for saving her life, she told her thatthe emperor of heaven was going to sink into Chaozhou. She told the villagers intime to make them die. However, she delayed her escape and was drowned by theflood. Later, in order to commemorate the spirit of sacrificing herself forothers, people called the lake "Jiaohu" and named a mountain in the lake"Laoshan". Of course, this is only a legend. The real formation of Chaohu Lakeis the result of crustal movement.

Today, we mainly visit Zhongmiao, Laoshan island and yinpingshan peony.Dear tourists, our current location is Zhongmiao pier. This temple is Zhongmiao.Why is it called Zhongmiao? This ancient temple is named because it is locatedbetween Hefei and Chaohu Lake. It is known as "the most beautiful place in thelake". Due to the strong fragrance in the past dynasties, it is known as "SouthJiuhua, North Temple". The Zhongmiao temple was built in the Han Dynasty and hasa history of more than 20__ years. Since the Han Dynasty, it has been abandonedand repaired many times. In 1889, the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu,Li Hongzhang proposed to raise funds to build the temple. There were more than70 temples. Please have a look. Whats this? Yes, its a stick. Its used by theTaoist in the Taoist temple to hang incantations. As we all know, it is unlikelythat there is such a big stick in front of a Buddhist temple. It is said that itused to be a Taoist temple. At the beginning, it was Bixia Yuanjun, the "Empressof Zhongmiao" that we worship now. In the Wei, Jin, southern and NorthernDynasties, Buddhism began to prevail, Taoism gradually declined, so the originalTaoist temple became a Buddhist temple.

Ladies and gentlemen, please follow me. Now lets take a cruise to visitLaoshan island. Laoshan island is the largest of the three major islands inChaohu, about 3 kilometers away from Zhongmiao. There are more than 90 familiesand more than 200 people on the island. They live by fishing for a long time.The ecological environment of Laoshan island is very good, and the vegetationcoverage rate reaches 99%. The tower we see now is Wenfeng tower. Wenfeng towerwas built in the Chongzhen period of Ming Dynasty. When it was built on thefourth floor, it was shut down because of the peasant uprising. During the reignof Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, local squires lobbied Li Hongzhang tosay: Li Zhongtang, our temple, has a local saying that "the top of MountLaoshan, the top of Luzhou". Li Hongzhang, a native of Luzhou, who is now fromHefei, was very happy after hearing this, so he decided to raise money to buildthe pagoda and named it "Wenfeng pagoda". Wenfeng tower is now seven storyoctagonal, 133 steps, 51 meters high, the top of the tower inlaid with LiHongzhang. Standing on the tower, you can see shoshan and Gushan.

Ladies and gentlemen, after visiting Laoshan Island, we are going to visitYinping mountain peony. When it comes to peony, you will think of many poemsabout peony. One of them is "natural beauty, people cant give up, and the earthnurtures the famous flower, and the guest comes". Today, we come to Yinpingmountain to enjoy the magic peony. Please look in the direction of my finger.There are four big characters on the cliff which is tens of feet high: strangeflowers on the silver screen. There is a cluster of flowers 1.5 meters above the"strange" character. This is the wild white peony on the silver screen, which isthe "most wonderful flower in the world". Every year, in the rainy season, theflowers are in full bloom,

People from all over the world will come here to watch peonies. It is saidthat this wild white peony has magical aura, which can predict the year sceneryand drought and flood situation from its blooming and withering, more and less:for example, five flowers bloom, good weather and good harvest; flowers bloomearly and wither early, there will be drought and so on. Therefore, the localpeople call her "weather flower" and "God flower". In 1998, the Institute ofbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences calculated that this wild white peonymay be the ancestor of the existing tree peony, and it is also the only and lasttree in the world, which has been included in the Chinese famous placesdictionary.

Well, todays visit ends here. I hope todays visit will leave you a goodand deep memory! thank you!

大二的下学期， 我的职责是俄语翻译，翻译一些资料。实习的目的是增加社会实践经验，迅速将翻译理论知识应用到实践当中，并加强使用计算机和翻译工具的能力。

翻译实践的过程中，我总结了4种必备的翻译工具：一是灵格斯翻译工具，里面可安装简明俄汉词典、新俄汉词典、大俄汉词典、俄汉实用工业技术词典;二是百度搜索工具;三是Google搜索工具;四是яндех搜索工具——专业的俄文搜索工具。翻译的具体步骤可如下：首先可以现在灵格斯里查询不懂的单词或词组，寻找最符合原文的解释。当然这只是最基本的做法，但是由于缺少专业的科技词典，在灵格斯往往是查询不出所需的单词或语义。于是，求助于Google和яндех则是很有必要的。按照我自己的经验来说，我采取同时在Google和яндех搜索的做法，并对同种搜索工具搜索结果进行比较。它们有着各自的优缺点。Google的优点是打开俄文页面的同时可以同时打开另外一个翻译页面，即Google可以自动把页面从来源语俄语翻译成汉语，而缺点是经常发生翻译错误，翻译的可信度是50%。яндех的优点是用俄语词组和句子解释俄语词汇，意义更准确，更贴近原文，而缺点就是有时用于释义的词汇过于深奥，过于专业，相当于用更专业的词汇解释专业词汇，即难上加难。所以我认为最后就需要用到百度工具了。结合Google和яндех的参考翻译，用百度搜索翻译过的专业词汇，查看是否有相同或相近的专业用语，之后才确定出最准确的译法。

自己校对，虚心地向本专业的老师和材料学院的老师请教。首先进行的自己去校对。原以为会限于“当局者迷”之说而不懂查看、修改自己的译文。但认真看完一遍译文之后才知道自己的眼睛还算是锐利的，检查出不少错误。比如最明显的一处是有一个句子翻译得不通顺，如果是一个没看过原文的人肯定是看不懂得。还有专业术语的译错。但错的最离谱的是编辑排版上的错误。于是我反复对照原文和译文之后，及时把发现的错误都改了过来。之后我找到了材料学院的一个同学，她的专业能力一直都是优异，她无疑是能够帮我校对的好帮手。我让她帮我看我的译文，查找出不符合材料专业方面的词汇或句子，并提出相关问题和相应地译法建议，之后我根据她的意见参照原文，采用了其中可取的建议。最后我就需要找本专业老师的对我进行针对性的指导了。我把之前摘录在本子上的疑点。难点句一一请教老师，比如应该怎样正确分析句子的结构，何种情况下采用拆分语义翻译，何时应该直译。老师讲得很详细很耐心，似乎想把自身积累下来的翻译经验全部都传授给我了。此行确实受益匪浅，越来越明白到做一个合格的翻译工作者不容易，要想做一个优秀的翻译工作者则是更难了，必须同时具有高水平的语言能力和某一领域的专业知识。

经过几天的翻译工作，心里感触良多，收获也颇多，细细梳理了第一次真正的翻译生涯，总结出了几点体会。

1、翻译的工作性质需要我们仔细、认真并且耐心。翻译是一项慢中出细活的工作，要坐得住，稳得住，要一丝不苟地对待，字字斟酌，句句思量，严格遵守“信、雅、达”的翻译标准，力求把译文翻译得通顺准确，忠实原文。

2、俄语和其他学科知识的积累。毫无疑问，要想成为一个出色的翻译工作者，就必须同时具有高水平的语言能力和某一领域的专业知识。这一次的翻译实践大大拓宽了我的视野，积累了不少专业的俄语词汇，也逐渐认清科技俄语文章的翻译特点。

3、计算机操作能力提高，尤其是俄语打字的水平。现在翻译文章无不需要借助于电脑，翻译的过程中直接考验了一个人的打字水平，现在我的俄文打字速度已经相当快了，即使没有俄文键盘照样能熟练打字。

4、增加了做一个合格翻译工作者的信心。第一次真正的翻译实践就得到了褒奖，大大增加了我的信心。我相信自己的能力，对自己的翻译生涯充满了热切的期待。也许我不是天才，不能一下子就成为优秀的翻译者，但我愿意先从一个合格的翻译者做起，从合格到优秀，一直努力，一直在进步，这才是我一生所应该追求的梦想。

总而言之，实习是我通向职业之路的踏脚板，翻译助我通往人生的成功之路。

The word "hutong" (胡同) means "water well"(水井) in Mongolian. The Mongolians keep thenomadic tradition of settling down around springs or wells. A hutong is the passage formed by lines of siheyuan (四合院, four-side enclosed courtyards). Strictly, hutong alleys are less than nine meters wide. Most hutongs in Beijing run in an east-west or north-south direction, with most houses facing south to take in as much sunshine as possible.

A standard siheyuan usually consists of houses on its four sides with a yard in the center. The gates are usually painted red and have large copper door rings. Usually, a whole family lives in compound. The elder generation lives in the main house standing at the north end, the younger generations live in the side houses, and the south house is usually the family sitting room or study.

Hutong joins hutong, and siheyuan meets siheyuan to form a block. Blocks join with blocks to form the whole residential constructions.