简单好背的英文导游词(经典20篇)

Hello, my name is Lin, you can call me rain eu. I will take you to visit hangzhou west lake, please dont litter, keep your valuables, I wish you all a pleasant journey!

Before to the west lake, I believe many people have heard "above there is heaven, there are suzhou and hangzhou", this sentence. In fact, to compare hangzhou to heaven on earth, and the west lake has a lot to do. Hangzhou west lake scenery beautiful, let many poets. Bai juyis "failed to have to go to hangzhou, stay half is the lake". He proves this point. Please follow team, ready to witness of the hangzhou west lake!

Hangzhou west lake is located in the center of hangzhou, the song dynasty according to the west lake. The west lake, north and south 3.2 kilometers long, about 2.8 km wide, covers an area of about 5.68 square kilometers. The most distinctive is the "west lake ten scene". In which the foundation is located in the western end of bai causeway quietly elegant simplicity. Moons floor overlooking, feel the vast west lake, in the quiet state of mind of washing irritation, make person times feeling is king in neutral city, water wave in the scene, in the middle. Whatever stands in which Angle, see is a picture of a simple but elegant ink jiangnan landscape, pinghu moon looks more hopefully, shore will be, water is expected to building. The southern song dynasty Sun Rui poems have "cold cold spring condensate flow, vivit song where white water rafting" words; HongZhan progenitor of Ming dynasty also wrote in a poem: "autumn Ge peoples unique wave wrinkle, a castle in the town of dust in the mirror" etc are all praise pinghu the beauty of autumn. Pinghu harvest moon said to lake reflected the surrounding landscape, trees, played exceptionally quiet. Like a beautiful painting. Let we have to admire nature guifushengong, occasionally a boat, we couldnt help complained: "ship our painting cut!"

The west lake is a poem, a picture, a lovely girl. "Yi jiangnan, most have is hangzhou. Find out the laurel blossoms filled the air. Yamadera months, county kiosk pillow watching tide. When more revisit?" Bai juyis poem is to praise the song of the west lake. Dear visitors, pleasant west lake day trip is over, thank you for your cooperation to me. You have fun? Hope that the west lake in the mountains and rivers, the fond memories of you forever.

龙庆峡水库高耸的大坝相连着两座山，其宽有四五十米，大坝犹如一把白色的巨锁把水龙锁住，东西的两座山，峭壁直立，足有几十丈高。

当你划船而渡，大有“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”之感。它既有塞外的雄奇，又兼有江南的秀丽，可与桂林的漓江、长江的三峡相媲美。是北京十六景之一。该景区集南方山水的妩媚秀丽和北方山水的雄浑壮观于一体，裸露的石灰岩形成奇特造型，与漓江山石极相似，只是当您抬头观望山峰时，又感到北方峰崖的雄伟峻峭。“峡江十里”是龙庆峡的重要景观。从河口大坝至三岔河近7里长的峡谷，两侧山势不高却甚险，壁面几乎与河水垂直，河水忽宽忽窄，宽处约50米，窄处不足10米，极为蜿蜒曲折。每一曲折，自出一景，并伴随着美丽的神话传说，如马蹄潭、十八盘、造钱炉、三岔河、金銮殿等，沿湖的独秀峰(鸡冠山)、金刚山(双剑崖)、神笔峰、东大寨、西大寨等诸峰环列，倒映入水，嶙峋多姿，千奇百怪。此景即为延州八景之一的“神峰列翠”。

龙庆峡为中国登山协会攀岩、攀冰训练基地，成功举办了“龙庆峡杯”全国第七届攀岩锦标赛。

下山可穿越300米长的百花仙洞，观看四季风光。也可乘上横跨谷口的福斯特滑道，于有惊无险之中，从仙境回到现实。

圆明新园以北京圆明园为原稿，按1：1比十景中的十八景修建而成，投资6亿元人民币，是我国首批4A级景区之一。它三面环山，南面平坦开阔，福海湖水域面积8万平方米。圆明新园集，所有建筑景观均按原尺寸仿建。大殿“正大光明”、“九州清晏”、“蓬岛瑶台”、“方壶胜景”组成中轴线为皇家宫殿式建筑群。

远瀛观

远瀛观景点是西洋楼景区的主要景点，从南北轴线上可划分为南、北、中三段。昔日曾是乾隆皇帝宠爱的香妃生活和娱乐的场福海中央，从岛上可隔湖眺望四周如画的景色。

长城

圆明新园的长城是按一比二的比例仿北京古长城而建，起点为南海雄关，终点至郭超山顶，沿途设有众多烽火台供游客风赏珠海全景及澳门景观。

大水法

大水法是远瀛观前的设施。与它前面的喷泉、汉白玉门柱上的精美雕刻组成一种异国情调。

配殿所展示的圆明园的诞生、盛期、焚毁、新园逢时等时期的珍贵图片资料，是中国近、现代史的缩影。

大宫门的上方悬挂着著名书法家启功先生题写的园匾“圆明新园”四个大字。门前的金水桥架落在形如曲月的御河上，桥外耸立着雕刻精美的华表和威武雄壮的石狮。

西洋楼群

建在长春园的一群欧洲式园林建筑，俗称西洋，由海晏堂、远瀛观、大水法等十余个建筑和庭园组成。它建于乾隆十二年至二十四年(传教士朗世宁、蒋友仁、王致诚等设计指导，中国匠师建造。建筑形式是欧洲时期巴洛克风格，造园形式为“勒诺特”风格。但在造园和建筑装饰方面也吸取了我国不少传统方法。例如：这些建筑主体为西洋式，楼顶装饰则采用中国古代传统的琉璃瓦。西洋楼群有几组水法(人工喷泉)颇为别致。

万方安和

万方安和，建于雍正初年公元1720__年。它的建筑形式很奇特，房屋建在水池里，成为一个万字型，寓意四海承平。房屋有三十三间，东西南北，室室曲折相通。在通风、保暖和采光等方面，都有独到的讲究之处，具有冬暖夏凉之妙。雍正帝最喜欢在这里居住。南面正室的匾额题有“万方安和”，后来便成为这一带的统称。雍正四年即“万方安和”建成的第一年，雍正赐弘历(即乾隆)读书于此处。

曲院风荷

始建于公元1720__年左右，这是仿杭州西湖的“曲院”。西湖的曲院，原来是宋朝的一处酿酒作坊，四周有池，荷花最多，随风摇荡其中，因而取名“曲院风荷”。乾隆很喜欢这个景致，于是南巡江南时仿此景置于园中。乾隆曾经赞扬此处佳景赛过杭州西子湖。

濓溪乐处

建于公元一七二七年左右，是园中赏荷的地方。在长满荷叶的水面上，有一组临水殿堂;有伸向水面的香雪廊。乾隆、嘉庆帝也特别喜欢在此吟诗作对。乾隆帝居于圆明园时，在濂溪乐处作诗最多。

平湖秋月

西元1720__年初已建成，是仿杭州西湖十景之一的平湖秋月，造型上融汇了杭州西湖平湖秋月和双峰插云之精华。它依山面湖，竹林茂密，每当秋深月皎，面对十顷澄湖，波光涟漪，有如置身於西子湖畔。

嘉庆曾对石舫有诗云：近水长屋以舫称，逢窗开处称吟。偶然假借名活画，活画方斯恐未能。

最简单的拉萨导游词

拉萨市位于西藏自治区东南部，雅鲁藏布江支流拉萨河北岸，拉萨全年多晴朗天气，降雨稀少，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，气候宜人。接下来是小编为大家整理的关于最简单的拉萨导游词，方便大家阅读与鉴赏!

最简单的拉萨导游词1

有一年暑假，我和爸爸妈妈驾驶着汽车来到了美丽的“日光城”――拉萨。

一来到拉萨，就看到了那最显眼的布达拉宫。从正面看，布达拉宫依山而建，群楼重叠，高大而又雄伟。从反面看，布达拉宫就犹如一个巨人，倚靠着山就好像休息似的，并且，这个巨人还让藏式建筑与汉族的文化融为一体，因此，布达拉宫才享有“世界屋脊的明珠”的美称。

欣赏完雄伟的布达拉宫，我们就沿着路往前走。这时，我被一座大山所吸引了，这座山十分壮丽，高大无比，山上的植物苍翠茂盛，挺拔的松树、翠绿的竹子、大叶子的广玉兰……山顶天立地，站上去仿佛抬头一伸手就可以摸到云，低头就是“一览众山小”哇!看完了壮丽的山，我们继续沿着公路往北边去，不知不觉我们走到了拉萨的一个河畔。河水清澈见底，再加上那像水洗过的蓝宝石一样湛蓝的天空的映衬，河水就显得更加的清澈，简直连一颗沙子都没有。我一下子被眼前的情景给迷住了，连爸爸妈妈叫了半天我都没听见。

我们继续往前走，过了一座小桥，来到了一片大草坪里。那草坪绿油油的，每株小草都显得生机勃勃，强劲有力，东西南北风都别想刮倒它们。大草地无边无际，小草沐浴着温暖的阳光，喝着晶莹透亮的露珠，在大地上欢快地扭动身子，跳起舞来。

我恋恋不舍地告别了“日光城”拉萨，告别了布达拉宫，告别了这小河、草地和大地。

最简单的拉萨导游词2

拉萨，是我国一个古老的城市，这里就像是一个神秘的存在，伟大地伫立在了我们中国这一片神奇的土地上。拉萨是一个高原城市，具有1300年的历史，从它源远流长的历史中可以感受到它的文化一定十分富有内涵。拉萨被称为"日光城"，是整个地球上最高的海拔城市。在我眼中，拉萨与冬天是最搭配的。

在这里，你可以看见雄伟壮观的布拉达宫，也可以欣赏到被称为天河的雅鲁藏布江，有具有浓郁宗教气息的大昭寺，还能看到美丽的罗布林卡这里一切的景物都是迷人的，每年都有大量的游客亲眼目睹这里的独特风景，去感受这另类的高原文化带来的深厚底蕴。

在不下雨不下雪的时候，拉萨的天空就显得极为瓦蓝，那高而宽阔的天空，染上了梦想的湛蓝色，就像是光滑的.蓝宝石，又像精美的蓝色的丝绸，真是好看极了。站在地上高高仰望天空，感觉是那么的近，仿佛一伸手就能到摸到它;然而，当你伸手摸它的时候，它却显得遥不可及，无论你如何尽力，它总是离你很远，怎么也没有办法接近它。伴随着湛蓝的天空里的几朵白雪皑皑的云朵显得格外醒目，只见它们正悠然自得地飘着，时而像一条长长的巨龙，时而又像一群群奔跑的牛羊，时而又像一张软绵绵的棉被，时而又像缓缓流行的银河湛蓝的天空中的云朵总是变幻莫测的，就连它的色彩也发生了变化，一会儿变成红色，一会儿变成金灿灿的黄色，一会儿变成艳丽的桃色，色彩多变，真是五彩缤纷。这样迷人的变化，真是让人喜爱，恨不得把它们捧在手中，对它们爱不释手。

相信大家都会感受到拉萨是一个极端的世界。下午5点的拉萨，灿烂的艳阳还高高地悬挂在天空中，猛烈地照耀着大地。这样的情况一直会持续到傍晚的7点半，7点半过后，拉萨的天空才慢慢地黯淡下来，开始进入漆黑的夜晚，可想而知，冬天里的拉萨，夜晚是那么久才来临啊!

在冬天里，走在拉萨的草原上，你几乎看不到任何一样生机勃勃的生物。因为在拉萨的冬天，你不可能会看到青绿的小草，这里的山全是光秃秃的，树上的叶子全都落光了，只剩下了秃顶的枝头。在冬天里，整个拉萨都没有了生机勃勃的绿色，虽然如此，但你还是能够品尝到这里的绿色食品。拉萨之所以被称为"日光城"，那是因为拉萨的白天时光持续很久，这里的一些蔬果在白天的时间里吸收强烈的阳光，到了严寒的夜晚，它们就会利用白天里吸收的能量进行充分的光合作用，把甜汁流在了里边。所以，你可以吃到甜美的草莓、桂圆、西红柿、白菜等一些日常的蔬菜和水果。

拉萨河是整个冬天中最值得人们去欣赏的一道风景。当你沿着拉萨河一路走去时，你能够看见这里冬游的水鸭、丹顶鹤和白天鹅等一些珍贵的动物。它们会在拉萨河歇息、喝水。因为它们的珍贵，当地的人们绝不会捕杀它们，更不会打扰它们，因此，它们能够在这里自行繁衍生长，让这里成为它们的家园，吸引一批又一批前来观赏的旅客。

啊!美丽的拉萨，我为你的美丽而感到骄傲，你真是我心中的旅游胜地啊!要是有机会，我一定会再次登上青藏高原，再一次把拉萨的风光全览于心底。

最简单的拉萨导游词3

暑假里，我们一家来到了西藏拉萨。

拉萨的树很美。

在拉萨森林公园漫步，游步道两旁一棵棵叫不出名儿的树木拔地而起，笔直挺立，它们的枝叶十分繁茂，将阳光遮得严严实实，走道上一个光斑也看不见。这些树的根系很发达，根须从走道的木板冒出来，向外沿繁生，一条条垂挂在走道两边，如同流苏一般。走近看，树干上密布一个个旋涡，树皮粗糙而坚硬，留着沧桑的岁月痕迹。风儿吹过，树叶儿来回摇摆着，仿佛随心所欲的样子，在夏季的正午，走在这游步道上，一点也不觉炎热。叶子随风飘零，随手捡起一片，叶脉清晰可见。

拉萨的牛很憨。

牦牛是藏民的守护者。它们身体匀称健壮，肌肉线条粗犷，身上披着棕色的长毛，跑起来一甩一甩的，还时不时地低吼一声，声音浑厚。它们在草甸上，在水边悠闲地踱步、吃草，与天上唱着婉转歌儿的飞鸟互相映衬，一派无忧无虑的闲适景象，为宁静的高原增添了活力。

拉萨的水很清。

拉萨的水纯净至清。这些雪山融化汇聚的河流，是那样的清，清得连河底的沙石都历历在目;是那样的蓝，蓝得可以与蓝宝石媲美;是那样的静，静得只有微风拂过才泛起丝丝涟漪。

拉萨的人很亲。

第一次接触藏民，发现他们都是亲切又和蔼的。我们去做客，一进门，他们就献上洁白的哈达，表达对我们的欢迎。围坐在大炕上，我们喝着酥油茶，欣赏着藏族同胞的歌舞表演，气氛很热烈，他们拉着我们载歌载舞，没有因为不同民族而有拘束，真正让人感受到藏汉民族一家亲呢。

拉萨是美丽而又和谐的天堂，它是高原上一颗亮丽的明珠。

最简单的拉萨导游词4

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下。

西藏旅游圣地拉萨是一座具有1320_年历史的古城，位于雅鲁藏布江支流拉萨河北岸，海拔3650多米。拉萨市辖七县一区。全市总面积近3万平方公里，市区面积523平方公里。全市总人口近37.3万，其中市区人口近13万，有藏、汉、回等31个民族，藏族人口占87%。

“拉萨”在藏文中为“圣地”或“佛地”之意，长期以来就是西藏政治、经济、文化、宗教的中心，金碧辉煌、雄伟壮丽的布达拉宫，是至高无上政教合一政权的象征。早在公元七世纪，松赞干布兼并邻近部落、统一西藏后，就从雅隆迁都逻姿(即今拉萨)，建立吐蕃王朝。1951年5月23日，西藏和平解放，拉萨城进入了新的时代。1960年，国务院正式批准拉萨为地级市，1982年又将其定为国家首批公布的24座历史文化名城之一。

拉萨古称“惹萨”，藏语“山羊”称“惹”，“土”称“萨”，相传公元七世纪唐朝文成公主嫁到吐蕃时，这里还是一片荒草沙滩，后为建造大昭寺和小昭寺用山羊背土填卧塘，寺庙建好后，传教僧人和前来朝佛的人增多，围绕大昭寺周围便先后建起了不少旅店和居民房屋，形成了以大昭寺为中心的旧城区雏形。同时松赞干布又在红山扩建宫室(即今布达拉宫)，于是，拉萨河谷平原上宫殿陆续兴建，显赫中外的高原名城从此形成。“惹萨”也逐渐变成了人们心中的“圣地”，成为当时西藏宗教、政治、经济、文化的中心。

在一般人的印象中，拉萨是由布达拉宫、八角街、大昭寺、色拉寺、哲蚌寺以及拉萨河构成的，但西藏人认为，严格意义上的“拉萨”应是指大昭寺和围绕大昭寺而建立起来的八角街，只有到了大昭寺和八角街，才算到了真正的拉萨。如今拉萨城东一带尚保持着古城拉萨的精髓。

以布达拉宫和八角街为中心的拉萨新城，北至色拉寺，西至推龙德庆县。纵目眺望拉萨城，邮电大楼、新闻大楼、拉萨饭店、西藏宾馆及各色建筑物星罗棋布，互为参错，连连绵绵，一片新辉。站在布达拉宫顶上俯瞰拉萨全城，整个拉萨市区到处是一片片掩映在绿树中的新式楼房，唯八角街一带飘扬着经幡，荡漾着桑烟。在这里，密布着颇具民族风格的房屋和街道，聚集着来自藏区各地的人们，他们中许多人仍然穿着本民族的传统服装，那仿佛从不离手的转经筒和念珠显然表明佛教实际上已成为一种生活方式。

拉萨市现辖城关区、当雄、堆龙德庆、曲水、墨竹工卡、达孜、尼木和林周县七县一区。拉萨北部当雄全县和尼木、堆龙德庆、林周、墨竹工卡部分区乡属藏北草原南沿，水草丰美，牧业兴旺，盛产牛羊肉类、酥油和牛绒、羊毛;中部是著名的拉萨河谷，南部属雅鲁藏布江中游，为西藏较好的农业区之一，盛产青稞、小麦、油菜籽和豆类，“拉萨一号”蚕豆更是饮誉中外的良种。拉萨周围具有经济价值和医疗作用的地热温泉遍地，堆龙德庆县的曲桑温泉、墨竹工卡县的德中温泉享誉整个藏区。

拉萨市区地处海拔3650米的河谷冲积平原，是世界上海拔最高的城市之一。地势由东向西倾斜，气候属高原温带半干旱季风气候区，年日照时数3000小时以上，故有“日光城”美称。年降水量为200―510毫米，集中在6―9月份，多夜雨。最高气温28℃，最低气温零下14℃。空气稀薄，气温低，日温差大，冬春干燥，多大风。年无霜期100～120天。

高原古城拉萨以其湛蓝的天空、清澈的河水、新鲜的空气和令人赏心悦目的环境给八方来客留下了美好的印象。拉萨的水质和大气非常干净，是中国污染最少、环境最好的城市。拉萨地区的大气环境，基本上没有受到污染，市区上空大气中对人体有害的二氧化碳浓度每立方米少于0.1毫克，大大低于国家标准。市中心虽然人口密度较大，因宗教活动形成的烟尘较多，但大气中的烟尘总含量仍保持在每立方米0.4毫克以下。拉萨河水不存在铅、锌、铜等金属微量元素，沿岸村镇对河流没有造成污染。

最简单的拉萨导游词5

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下。

拉萨是中国西藏自治区的首府，已有1300多年的历史，也是全区政治、经济、文化和交通中心。拉萨市、郊面积近3万平方公里，40万人口。其中市区面积51平方公里，城市人口14万多，有藏、汉、回等民族，藏族人口占87%。

公元7世纪中叶，吐蕃部族首领松赞干布在此创基立业。公元641年，松赞干布完成统一大业后，迎娶唐朝文成公主，公主进藏后建议用白山羊背土填湖建庙。于是，人们把最初的寺庙，即现在的大昭寺，命名为“惹萨”，藏语的意思是“山羊背上”。最后，“惹萨”被译成了“逻些”，逐步又变成为“拉萨”了。而上千年来，这里曾几度成为西藏政教活动中心，于是，拉萨成为名副其实的“神圣之地”。

拉萨城风景优美，被称为“蓝色欢乐之波”的吉曲河(拉萨河)，从白雪皑皑的念青唐古拉山的冰峰雪谷中奔涌而下，喷珠吐玉，雪浪飞翻，穿过无数森林峡谷，田园牧野，全长315公里，在曲水地方象鼻湾汇入雅鲁藏布江，形成了蓝白二水相互交融的雪域奇观。拉萨古城就伫立在这条蔚蓝色的吉祥河畔。城中布达拉宫高耸云天，街道纵横，高楼群集，车水马龙，色彩缤纷。古老与现代，传统与创新，宗教与世俗，转经筒与电脑，昨天、今天和明天，都在这里碰撞、凝聚和交融。

拉萨位于西藏高原的中部，海拔3650米，座标东经91°06，北纬29°36。在群山环绕的小盆地的盆底，地势平坦，气候温和，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，平均气温摄氏8度(华氏43°)左右。全年日照时间约3000小时，比邻省四川省省会成都市多1800小时，比中国最大的东部城市上海市多1100小时，在全国各城市中名列前茅，故有"日光城"的美誉。

拉萨年降雨量约500毫升，集中在7、8、9三个月，夏秋雨季是拉萨最美好舒适的季节，雨水多在夜间降落，形成了"拉萨夜雨"的独特气象。往往白天烈日高照，晴光炫目，夜幕降临，好雨淅淅沥沥从天而降，一洗白日的暑热尘埃，使林园街市一片光洁。

Hello! Hello, Im the guide of lollipop travel agency. My surname is Lou,and my name is Zifan. Please call me Xiaolou! Today we are going to travel theGreat Wall. I hope you will have a good time with me.

Beijing has Badaling Great Wall, Mutianyu Great Wall, Juyongguan GreatWall, Jiankou great wall and Simatai Great Wall. Today, we are going to climbJuyongguan Great Wall.

The perimeter of Juyongguan Great Wall is more than 4000 meters, which isonly a part of the Great Wall! From Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in thewest, the Great Wall is more than 13000 Li. It is said that when the firstemperor of Qin built the Great Wall, he moved prisoners, soldiers and civilservants who had been forced to come here. Later, it was named Juyongguanbecause of the meaning of "moving to Yongtu". Because of its lush trees,brilliant flowers and beautiful scenery, it is called "Juyong jucui".

Lets first come to "the worlds first Xiongguan". This is a stone tabletwith the words "the worlds first Xiongguan". There are two "the worlds firstXiongguan" in China. One is Jiayu pass, the key point of the Great Wall, and theother is Juyong Pass. Originally, Juyong Pass was not "the worlds firstXiongguan". Because this section of the Great Wall is a very important pass, itwas later called "the worlds first Xiongguan" If you are interested, you cantake a picture, but please hurry up. You are going to climb the Great Walllater.

Lets keep up and climb the Great Wall. The Great Wall is very steep. Payattention to safety. You see, this kind of uneven wall is called a crenel. Ithas a lookout and a shooting port for lookout and shooting. See those citystations? Its a garrison fortress. Whenever there is a war, the injuredsoldiers can do temporary treatment in it.

Next, we come to the city platform, you can go in and visit the ancientcity platform, pay attention not to scribble, this is the ancient historicalrelics!

Come on, its the top! Its cool and comfortable here. Why is the greatwall broken? Its disconnected because of the obstruction of mountains andrivers. Lets have a rest and meet in half an hour.

This is the end of todays journey. I hope you have a better understandingof the Great Wall after listening to my explanation. Goodbye!

Each visitor:

How are you, welcome you to a Bo state tour, I am your guide__.

We want today place, is the Bo state that has the fame of"history culturalthou city", speak of Bo state, that is small to acquaint with any furtherhowever is my place, because the Bo state brought up me, my home town in the Bostate.If sometimes, you want to taste our special feature a light repast of Bostate, you followed behind small to go.Today, take everyone to come out for thefirst time, explain in detail our Bo state, I feel matchless proud of withhappy.So these two days, your route of travel handed over to me, friends, youfollow my footprint, let lets taste the city that has heavy cultural breathingtogether!

We Bo state, be located in province the northwest of Anhui, area 8374 thesquares are thousand meters, and it have three the counties are one area, Wosun, receive city, the benefit is bitter, also have the Qiao city the area.Whatabout my house, at the Qiao city area China Tuo town.We Bo state, before just acounty city, called that it is "Bo county" to, till the time in 1998 advanced topair ground class City, the time in 20__ formally became the ground class Bostate City.Some visitors started asking me, you the Bo state establish prettyand late of, but see the building of this flank, development of can also!Yes, wealthough the Bo state establishes to only have for 11 years, can in this veryshort 11 the middle of the years, we the Bo state is it may be said thedevelopment that flies soon.Remember my childhood, street basically have no sobreadth, and best of, also just asphalt road, wayside side also just brick anone-storied house.Everyone can see the many-storied building in nowadays alreadytowering rise in this Gao, standing gracefully.The neon light of road lastmyriad shapes, this till evening, Bo the night scene of the state is equallycharming.Now, be like smooth Sus fruit, and Wall-Mart...etc. of China someinternational brands also go into in succession we Bo state.So say, we the Bostate isnt only a history cultural city, now and hereafter still a metropolisthat fly to soon develop!We Bo state the products is abundant, people of talentcoming forth successive, the historic monument spreads all over, the vegetablecontains the good reputation of "Wan north bright pearl".Companys soup inhistory once founded a capital here, Cao Wei established temporary capital here,the dollar end farmer started revolution leader Han Lin Er built up big"Sung"political power here, therefore, the Bo state was called "three dynasties thethou was all".What about it, not only is a Cao to hold China Tuo nativedistrict, on the history still many celebrities gather to reside here.Is likeChuang son, the Cao plants, Cao Pi, Tang Dynasty Min agriculture poet, Li Shen,, Zhang Liang, Hua Mulan in military history, possess a Chen Tuan that veryloudly praise etc. on the religion of Taoism history.Long history, numerouscelebrities, special geography position, not only left for the Bo state numerousfamous spots and historical remains, also accumulate Dian Bo state decorousregion special feature culture.We the Bo state more famous tourist spot has theflower drama the building, the Cao hold to transport troops the temple, river inthe way, the Cao surname clansmen last homes, China Zu An and morals ratherguild, and thou well museum...etc..Friends, we Bo state, is still the country ofmedicine material, reside four greatest medicines in the whole country all ofhead.On January 12, 1995, chairman Jiang Zeming is us Bo state epigraph:ChinaTuo native district, the country of medicine material.We Bo state not only havea historic monument, celebrity, medicine material, we still longly make wineculture.I believe that our everyone in was affirmative to all once listen to oronce drink ancient well Gong wine., If have you never drunk, that didnt alsorelate to, today small, will take you to ancient well town, take a look makingby fermentation of ancient well wine process, taste our tunnel of ancient wellGong wine.We the Bo is also creating the health tour Bo state for states lastfew years, the time in 20__, we Bo states returning be reviewed "China has thecity of happy feeling most ".Friends, only wish we of the trip of this time Bostate can wash for you mind and body of exhausted, let you also take happyfeeling to leave this city.

Friends, we just, also probably understood 1:00 we Bo state of historyculture, also knew, it was a Three Kingdoms Wei Wu Di Cao held of home town,that now, make little Lyu Dai everyone in the park of Cao surname appreciateconcerning the Cao and held with the cultural object historic monument of Caosurname household.Like, the visitors, we go to of first station be, now, havebeen already arrived, everyone pleases go into a park with me.Cao surname parkbecause have the Cao surname the clansmen last homes inside the park but get,and he and cover 300 acres of, building in order to imitate mans building, thepark is totally divided into four parts:Be in remembrance of area, emperorsmausoleum area and calm down to fix an area and entertainment zone.Be inremembrance of area with the Cao hold memorial hall for corpus, the emperorsmausoleum area is the Cao surname clansmen last homes, set up a stone tabletwood, stone tablet gallery, Yong way etc., calm down to fix area andentertainment zone mainly is be provided for visitor to stop and rest and playhappy place.Like, the visitors, we now the southern front door in Cao surnamepark, please go toward with me in walk, we visit Cao to hold memorial hall.TheCao holds to mainly display Cao to hold wax and exhibition article inside thememorial hall and reflects a thousand years great accomplishments that the Caoholds politics, military and literature.Like, the visitors, we then visit Cao tohold household last home to bury-the Cao is four, and it, be also called itBE"four", and it, it is four hillocks that the southern north arc-shapeddistributes inside the park to is a Cao surname, 8 meters of Gao Zhe Yue, lowabout 5 meters.The last homes surroundings time plants a loose cypress, in thedead of night, the breeze moves branches and leaves, the Sa Sa makes ring, as ifocean big waves, so have "four loose cypress" it to say.The precious culturalobject that the Cao surname clansmen last homes sprout has much, such as silverwisp jade dress and copper wisp jade dress and the Chinese brick engraving tohave various form of written is more than 300 etc.s, bury in these a few lasthomes that have been already discovered in, the greatest

Big be the last home of Cao Teng.Cao Teng, word the quarter is cheerful,the grandfather whom the Cao holds, sealed for the fee station Hou, holdofficial post for more than 30 years, waited on to receive four emperors,backlog a great deal of of the patrimony be afterwards made track for is Gaoemperor.The Cao Teng last home shape is a high big square mound, build to°from824 pieces of granites inside the last home, biggestly grow two meters.The roominside the last home grows 15 ? 3 meters, breadth 10 ? is 2 meters, 3 meters inheight, from Yong way, front room, empress the room, southern north ear room andthing be partial to room 7 stone houses to constitute.The door is to dub outgranite, the symmetry intaglio wears green dragon, woman without pubic hair,Vinaceous Rosefinch and Xuan on the side of door force.Horizontal sum in thestone door is a pair of layers granites, the upper level engraves 《double Fengdiagram 》 , the bottom layer engraves 《keep deer diagram 》 , or so engrave 2people, likeness monster, for the of protecting of last home host.

Like, friends, we are next to go to of place, is a Cao to hold to transporttroops a way.BE leading to destination, whether we see have one to be likesimilar pleasure ground in the park, and it, was justour Bo state to just set upa good Wei the year before last year force square.This square, arrive in theevening particularly of jollification, become 100 to sing and dance here upthousand people, train for physical fitness, amuse a mood.There are also a lotof runt sellers, all coming together of a light repast hereat, that is noisy,seem to be every day is rushing through busy streets.We the Bo state spread sucha folk song from thou:"Cao full, real Xuan, will in groups, the soldier isrepeatedly.Transport troops to train soldiers a horse in way, rush a Bo state tohave China", what this folk song say is a Cao to hold to transport troops a way,and it at big Yu head district.It is said that the soldier for Cao to holds risein revolt is weak will few, he for showing the soldier is many will wide,attraction everywhere the hero return fluently, construct tunnel to lead tothing in city at the Bo state south north four, the life soldiers round wearsmany colors dress, an is four, again from another together turn back, thebeginning and end connects.Everywhere hero hears that the Cao holds soldierstrong Ma Zhuang, can with matter in Chengkong University, in succession come tothis mutually hurl, the Cao holds hence being rising to in group of heroes, atthe same time transport troops a way to continuously transport troops can alsoparalyze an enemy and use surprise tactics.Transport troops a way disheveledhair in 1938s now, and it and take big Yu head inside the city as the centerextends to 4 and builds to°from the green brick, the total length is more than12000 rices, leave 1 ? 8~ in the ground~3 ? is 5 meters, and it have one-wayroad, proceed together a double way, top and bottom double the layer way, turnway types with various etc., moreover still have the cat ear the hole, singlebunker and double persons bunker, obstacle book, trap, air hole, converse boreetc., design very skillful.And this tunnel, there is also a wonderful place, isa strict cold deep winter warmth is like spring here, intense heat midsummerhere cool like deep autumn, be modern have time to adjust can not reach theeffect like this is either.The underground transports troops genuine nexttransport troops a way is a Cao to hold then military can of history witness,its detection and exhumation aroused tremendous sensation in the whole country,is a local scale is the biggest currently, age at the earliest stage, keep themost intact underground military passage.It is praised as "underground GreatWall", it isnt only the miracle on the military history, but also ancient timesto construct one big miracle on the history.

The visitors, and morning, small said the ancient well wine he/she wants totake everyone to taste our Bo state tunnel on the car, and I, will never fail tokeep promise as well.What about now, let lets together go to with driverteacher!The Bo state made wine at the earliest stage, having a history couldcheck is at eastern man last years of the period.It is "nine altar spring wine"to carry the precursor of the wine of ancient well Gong according to thehistorical records, hold to make under charge for the Cao the person make byfermentation, empress the Cao hold to dedicate it to the man to dedicate emperorLiu Xie and dedicate the emperor everyones applause, is a palace it to usewine.From now on, Bo state a take to make wine workshop to grow profusely andquickly to develop.The man sets up Anne for 14 years, the Cao holds for goingdown south to strike against east Wu, return to old house Bo state to make bigantebellum preparation, collect a whole country to make wine a superior to cometo Wo sun at the same time blast furnace creation wine to provide armysupplies.Now with thou of Bo state the well Gong wine and the Wo sun wine in theblast furnace house for the representatives Bo state wine has become the mainforce of Wan wine.Make wine one of the support industries that the industry hasbecome Bo state.We now already till thou well wine culture read extensively apark, and it be located in our Bo state northwestern thou well town, cover 3200square meters.There is four-part cent that constitute:Wine cultural museum,ancient well park and Wei well park and production observe and learn area.Thisreading extensively a park is what thou well group in Anhui invests more than10000 dollarses 1500 to be finished, and the beginning outward open in 1996.Whatabout it, the building style is special, whole layout skillful, Chinese Quedoor, clearly the pure palace forms of"thou well special feature" style, meanancient well Gong wine to begin from a Han Dynasty, is more prosperous thanclearly pure(contribution), is meeting peaceful times today.The visitors, wewhether a scrolls seen big palace clear pillar:Spread Weis well for vintage winethousand years, thick joss-stick ten thousand inside hair the soup is all.Thisscrolls are what Qi achievement Sirs presents.What about exhibition hall and isdivided into four parts, on entering hall, right against the face is a high bigblack wood screen, up inset to have Jiang Zeming total secretary and manyBeijing leaderships photograph linked to the thou well Gong wine.The exhibitionhall described through a great deal of writing, picture and wine culturalhistory cultural object the thou well Gong wine, the the brand that containswine culture at history cultural city of fume the history of pottery growthunder the atmosphere.Still introduced at the same time, concerning culturalhistories, such as wine source, wine government, wine gift, wine teacher andwine interest...etc..

Ascend the second floors, what to come into view is the thou well Gong wineto produce craft process first model.Real object and picture prize that is agreat deal of thou well group the modernization from a hand workshop to todaydevelop the process present at our audience in front.What about the secondfloors, is "the wine constellate", "thou

Well art gallery"two exhibition halls.It displayed national white spiritall previous sessions to review the gold prize that the cocktail party reviewsthe white spirit is 17 kinds of and the whole country is all three review kindwine.The art gallery exhibition hall is mainly the celebritys work and epigraph,such as Qi achievement, Chen Peng, Lyu Ji Min, the Luo Zhe text waits

Come out hall, appreciate the inscription and the ectype that finishes acurving corridor inside, and we, can also go "Sung generation is undergroundthou well" and"eminent contribution cellar pond" visit.The eminent contributioncellar pond is Ming Dynastys cellar pond, and now, still can use.The visitors,we have already arrived at an ancient well park now, the thou well park is typebuildingses in Suzhou, the rockery is pretty, river water Chan Chan, the top ofhill contains station and below the hills has a bamboo, Lin Jian Niao blares.Isthe thou well business reception center here, and is the good whereabouts thatthe visitor takes a rest.

Wei well park, be located in area in the north of distillery, inside havethe ancient well one eye according to carry, spring the native son have alreadyused the well in autumn, till Han Dynasty the tidy water is mainly used formaking wine.There is one ancient Huai tree by the side of Weis well, this isthou well Gong the trademark of the wine, there is ancient well station on thewell, there is Zhao Pu Chu, Chen Peng and Qi inside the station son achievementof Bian.

The visitors, we arrived at the last visit to order~~~the productionobserve and learn area, it mainly from ferment, steam wine and pack three cars,here, you since the well Gong that can grasp till thou the main craft process ofthe wine, can also taste to arrive the fresh wine that the production just cameout.But the good wine can not be greedy for a cup!

On the second day route of travel guides phrase

The visitors, small once says, we the Chinese medicine medicine of the Bostate the industry is it may be said a source far flow long, the common sayingsays well:The world medicine company gathers Bo state, Bo state medicine thecompany rush world.We the Chinese medicine medicine of Bo state develop easternChinese last years of the period and come to an a peak and was also born on theBo state the earth the person-China of one inside medicine field milestone typeTuo.Clearly the pure period is the Bo state Chinese medicine medicine theindustry greatly develops of another high peak, the Bo state becomes the Chineseherbal medicine commercial center of whole country.The reform opens, we the Bostate welcomed the third development high peak.As long as having the medicinematerial the place of the warehouse, have us the Bo state the person.The placethat we want in the morning that today, is cultural the relational place is withChinese medicine medicine.That we the first place for wanting, is filling theair heavy medicine joss-stick of Chinese herbal medicine bargain center.The Bostate is all four greatest medicines in the whole country(Anhui Bo state, theHenan Yu state, Jiangxi greenheart and Hebei Annes country) of head, Chineseherbal medicine bargain centers starting is set up to 1994 covers 387 acres andthrows in an use in 1995 and gets stripe a reformation in 20__ and trades hallarea 32000 square meters, is a local scale is the biggest currently, facilitieshad better, file times Chinese herbal medicine with tallest and the most wholefunction trade the market , here, dided not can not buy of medicine material,dont also can not sell off of medicine material.

Through approval in State Department, since 1985, the Bo state has alreadysuccessfully held 23"Chinese medicine medicine international exposition inChina(Bo state)" in a row and holds on this day on September 9 annually, so weBo state the person be so called:"99 medicines hand over a meeting", this periodto our Bo state is a biggest grand occasion annually, the large numbers offoreign companys guests, international friend and Chinese medicine medicinerepresentative take part in this grand occasion, we the Bo state also hold alarge literature evening party on that day and have large numbers of well-knownentertainers annually the Bo state perform, is like Han Hong, Zhao Wei to us,Wang Li Hong etc..The medicine in past hands over meetings all to hold in theneighborhood of train station, everyone can also see, the train station isleaving not far eastern side in the bargain center, at two years, hold at theour Bo state new city hall, this year later, medicines handing over will hold inthe just- been finished Bo state gymnasium, it is inside new southern area atour Bo state.If next time, you sometimes return to our Bo state, small will takeyou to go to that place and see.Friends, we the Bo state real estate medicinethe material is also known for a whole country, especially the Bo Shao, Bochrysanthemum and Bo mulberry skin, Bo pollen cures square in the house more towin first gradely.Up to 20__, the whole city Chinese herbal medicine plants areato have a whole country pretty much of a, reach to more than 40,000hectares.Have already drunk a slice of production business enterprise 36 throughthe Chinese herbal medicine of national GMP attestation now, take up 44% of thewhole country, the Chinese herbal medicine drinks a slice of yield to take up1/3 of the whole country around, the Chinese herbal medicine import and exportsum has the third in the whole country.Educate aspect in the Chinese medicinemedicine, the Bo state occupation technical college set up Chinese medicinemedicine profession, the Bo set in the state City set up the Chinese medicinemedicine technique school.Currently, we the Bo state have already formed agather a medicine to plant, process, sell, transport, educate, the research,tour is integral whole of industry system.

Friends, we bargain center in the year 20 time start closing the door, hardyear of medicine company by this time also all goes home to like a rest andplaces to do the New Years shopping, preparation New Years Day.Bargain center ofthere are clock building and drum building in southern square, annually 8:18 ofJanuary 16 mornings of lunar calendar, colleague hall in Peking of old alwaysall want to bump a clock in this Lei drum punctually, and then the Chineseherbal medicine bargain of whole country opens for business.Friends, I said somany, also not equal to everyone a see for quick, that we now go to a hundredyears grand old-colleague hall, watch valuable medicine material in the world inthe Bo state!

The visitors, we have already understood, we the medicine material of theBo state industry and culture, and that now, we are still going to visit thefounder-China of Chinese medicine medicine boundary Tuo.China Tuo, word dollarChina, eastern man outstanding medical science house, we Bo state person, hethis from cradle to the grave not wish an official, not Mu fame and wealth, makea deep study medical skill, medicine arrive disease in addition to, driveChinese medicine educational circles your respectful name BE"China Tuo old Zu",he mainly invented to anaesthetize the medicine"hemp the Fei spread" andcompared west early usage to tingle Fei to spread to implement surgicaloperation for patient for more than 1000 years.Created to weave "five birdsdramas"s sport set road, the action of the tiger, deer and bear, ape and bird ofthe mimicry"five lines of theories"s, use to train for physical fitness,strengthen physical endowment, founded an athletics medical treatment toexercise first river.Like, that nows making us drive a car together memorialhall is to R.O.C Tuo.What about it, again China Zu the An is the temple thatrespectfully receives China Tuo and manage the in the past as Ni inside theoriginal temple, so call temple as An.What about it be located in permanentstability street the west carry, "permanent stability" takes China Tuo alwaysguarantor people peaceful idea.China Zu Ans starting is set up to Tang, 80s inlast century original Bo county peoples government carries on greatly fixing ata time, the Bo peoples government in the state City again spends a huge sum torenovate in 20__, become now everyone see of view area.The China Tuo memorialhall wins a view to be known for by"the grass hall is spread to stay joss-stick,cloud bridge to lie wave, five birds to blare a life, the poem stone tablet Mojoss-stick and benefit life to save Jean by voice, medicine" etc..Now China Tuothe memorial hall and China Tuo Be past to reside, China Tuo the Chinesemedicine medicine cultural museum connect for the integral whole.The visitors,we have the horizontal tablet that see the center door, those are those earlyyears Guo Mo if Sir in 1961 in person write.

Like, the visitors, please go into a park with me, come in is a maintemple, main temple ex- have a scrolls, ascend allied:The vegetable theory didntspread a spool of sad jailer fire;Next allied:Door Shu the immortal slice ofspeech be eventually living a person square.What scrolls speak is at time ofdeath China Tuo before will entrust to maintain for jailer from the curing ofZhao book 《green bag through 》 , the jailer doesnt dare to accept, China Tuo hasto it throw in fire in, the book burns half hour, the jailer stungs byconscience, from the material for new fire extrication half department, hencethe in this world had the half department of two great uses the book:One is Sungmutually Zhao Pu cure world with the half department 《Analects 》 , the anotheris half department 《green bag through 》 that is called "live a person square" tosave persons innumerable.China Tuo carving inside the palace is like, is thework that is famous to carve Qian Shao Wu, and the Cao of our train stationholds statue is also come from this masters hand.Up there aring a scrolls on thepillar beam of main temple is a big Manchu dynasty calligraphist to believe inan ability the Zhuan,(while seeing, the contents says) the meaning is to saythat China Tuo creates five birds dramas of plait huge to the mankinds healthyfunction, the achievement can contrast with Emperor Huang of Xuan Yuan.Stilldisplayed some works of China Tuo inside our palace.

Two sides of main temple have 6 sets to carve, and everyone, can take alook, each one carves to all have a small story, here, small is everyones simpleintroduction for a while small story concerning"absolute being needle is tiny,admirable skill":It is said that the Cao holds the disease of having theheadachy disease, once just in the argument matter, suddenly have a headache,please cure to toss about along while too much also useless.The son China Tuo isused a seven inch silver needle, shine on the acupuncture points on the headfirm next go, the instant Cao holds of headache disease then completelyrecovered.Main temple east the side contain two side doors, is gone in by theside door, it is thus clear that from the Yi station, it is the place that ChinaTuo takes a rest to mutually rush.Bo state while being that China Tuo is classicto cure case and Three Kingdoms the exhibition inside the palace peripheralgeography diagram.What the western side of main temple displays is China Tuo inthe pediatrics, surgery, gynecology, Medicine, health, puncture, square medicineetc. of achievement.Led main temple, can immediately see the dollar turn a grasshall, east the set of rooms is a benefit life Xuan, western wing building forsave Jean Zhai.Benefit life Xuans mutually rushing is China Tuo to diagnose veinto treat disease place, saving Jean Zhai is the place that China Tuo depositsmedicine.Save Jean Zhai to have two kind exhibition the article is well worthspeaking, on being to slice medicine knife, two is a medicine Nian son.It issaid that there was a blacksmith to get a heavy disease, be cured by China Tuogood, for expressing appreciation the heart of Helping of China Tuo, theblacksmith sends to China Tuo a slice the tool of medicine-slice medicineknife.Send for a long time, this blacksmith slowly disappears China Tuo to use,till the last just know, China Tuo once swore before, the whole life need notleft hand.Originally time of young China Tuo, cure a heavy disease, think thathe has already canned not save to cure and lets it goes home to makearrangements for funeral and just has old process at this time and think thatthe patient can cure, China Tuo because of young annoy prosperous, hence exportcrazy speech:If you can chase his medical treatment good, I chop down my lefthand.Afterwards the old Jean of that patient cure like, China Tuo hence raiseknife chop down to go to the left hand, be blocked by the old:Cure to have nodestination, you are still young, study hard, hereafter save to cure morepatients.China Tuo keeps firmly in mind this precept and swears that whole lifein no case uses a left hand.The blacksmith esteems highly the personal characterof China Tuo more after knowing, hence with meticulous care develops to by footoperate again of medicine Nian son.

The visitors, led a dollar China grass hall, wash Zhi pond, we was lessonTu building.The lesson Tu building devolution was China Tuo to teach Tu in thoseearly years, spoke to learn of place.Three big words in"lesson Tu building"s arelifted by that big calligraphist Chen is naturals.The lesson Tu front and backof the building has already washed Zhi pond, is those early years China Tuo towash away dirt the place of medicine material.Wash there is one medicine park bythe side of the Zhi pond, it is said that this is the first medicine Pu that isChinese to develop, also a Bo state human race to plant the point of departureof medicine material.

The visitors, we are a tour tourist spot of this end, it may be said pressstalk of, we wanted to once wear the pure old street get into the 4 A class viewarea in nation"Central plains the treasure hide" clearly-flower dramabuilding.Let you appreciate the brick vulture and wood carving art ofmagnificent rival divine skill, the vivid portrayal literary reference makes youlike Chi if inebriate.The tour Zhang Fei Miao and Yue flies thou buildings suchas temple, Zhu Gongs academy and god of fire temple etc., feel we for a whilethe lingering charm of Bo state health culture and thou city old street.

The visitors, before arriving at and spending drama building, we have tosee square and up write four big words in"temple fair square", and that, is usthe sink type of the Bo state square, the square designs medium the west matchBi, west the noodles has a large Chinese man white jade shop;The east containsgossip diagram and the Bo state cultural wall, the western side of cultural wallengraves the Bo state book history the celebrity is 15, the east side engravesBo state to win view diagram.Need a meeting we free activity of time, if you aremore interested in, can cautiously appreciate.The visitors please get into tospend drama building with me, the flower drama building is a national pointcultural object to protect unit, original the song set is a satge ofperformance, is the temple ancestral temple that offers sacrifices to celebrityin Shanxi to close feather, the medicine companies of Shanxi, Shaanxi conductthe ground of the contact of medicine material in the Bo state while being alsoclearly pure, therefore also call "guild in Shanxi", "toll-gate emperortemple."Close the emperor temple lord palace Be set up to pure fluently cure for12 years, the drama building is set up to Kangxi for 15 years, increased againduring the reign of Qianlong many color and carve.The whole building area is3163 square meters, guild of so call in order to spend drama building it, isbecause spend drama building in the hospital the color is gorgeous,magnificent.Aforetime Bo state vulgar cloud:"Suzhou sells good head oil, the Bostate sees flower drama building".

The visitors, we spend drama building to have three extremely, this firstunique, two iron flagpoles before being a center door, each one weighs 6000kilograms, the flagpole is many 16 meters in height, the flagpole divides 5sections, the each stanza divides the Zhu gossip Pan Long Dengs pattern, the topZhu Dan Feng is a , the shape is vivid, be like at lead a neck long blare, theexhibition wings desire flies.Each pole still has the 3 F square Dou to hangbreeze bell total 24, aweather the dingdong makes to ring, clear and crisppleasing.Japanese scholar after investigating to spend drama building theflagpole sighs for the view, 100 think not to get its solution:At that timepeople how solution divided stanza foundry and the problem for welding, did thesuch weight how stand up again, how did it experience rains and winds for 300years but still keep standing erect not to pour?This, also well embodied, we thediligence and intelligence of the Bo state the ancients.We spend drama buildingmust the seconds cutting off is an at present gate to a monastery, it is a 3 Fmemorial arch type that imitates wood structure building, up inset to be knownfor world of stereoscopic water mill brick the vulture is extremely keen, feastfor the eyes.If deeply the big wood that says theatrical stage the vulture isfull of sun just of beautiful of words, that water mill brick vulture thenpresented an another extreme achievement-Yin soft United States.The brickvulture that spends drama building, belongs to Jin to send a badge vulture art,the condition is great, topic abundant but again have inside contact, absorbedNa at the same time badge parties choiceness lovely, knife method carefulcarvings art, even engrave the hairs of person clear, the true feeling,stereoscopic feeling and clairvoyance feeling is the strongest, the skilledsuperb technical skill makes people be full of praise.

The visitors, we have already come right away the flower drama buildingsong now set, the flower drama building song set sits south noodles north, lordbefore the set Tu, both sides each the set with a small wing, or so set up aclock, the drum second floors, allocation have a preface, layer clear thing setof rooms is 2 F several-storied building, is at that time inside the Juan go toopera of reserved box.Northern sides getting this building is to close emperortemple main temple.So formed a courtyard of exact square, at have no acoustic ofancient times, at the right moment form the effect of natural wreath sound.TheYing of song set both sides is allied:A song the spring time awakens now thoudream, two sort features do to serve faithfully adultery.Song set above Zao wellup, have already colored nine, like Long Fengs good luck, pleased top tip ofbrow, recruit a wealth the etc. is into the treasure, the quickly passing timeoverflows colourful, form absolute being and have.Particularly spending thedrama building third extremely is worthy of paying attention to-woodcarving.Believe our visitor has been already seen as well, the top of the songset carves a lot of tasks and pattern.What about this, is use a big wood deeplyvulture carvings but become, this up and totally has a Three Kingdoms drama thetext is 18, the person is several hundred, the expression is each difference,fierce battle between two giants, seem ready to come out.Spend drama building togather a big carvings art to become, is our country satge building of delicacy,construct, carve towards studying ancient times of our country, the histories ofart and drama all have very important value.Like, the visitors, we together getinto to close emperor temple now,

The visitors, we visit now of is a god of fire temple, the Chinese thinkthat the creation all has absolute being, the fire is mankind the sign of thecivilization and mankind exist the material of most, there is certainly alsoabsolute being, this is the virtuous true god of fire-fire gentleman.The god offire temple is the temple of oblation fire virtuous true gentleman, belong to areligion of Taoism building.

We have already arrived at Zhu Gong academy now, and it and start Be set upto feeling Kangxi 37 years are a Bo state the factitiousness is in remembranceof Kangxi the benevolent government that know the Lian of state for year butbuilds of livings an ancestral temple, because is to set up an ancestral templefor still living person, belong to and call academy, but dont call an ancestraltemple.The Lian of , the word companys jade, enters a private for pure Kangxi 31the middle of the years, is sealed to know a mansion for Bo state at the sameyear.He weighs agriculture mulberry while allowing, not tired people,tenaciously impartial.Change Anne to celebrate to know a mansion behind.Kangxi48 years, the Bo state occurrence flood disaster, the epidemic rises everywhere,the people find it hard to live on.The Lian of is again once adjusted Bo state,lead people to pass through disaster, the Lian of at Bo state people anothertime leave a fine impression in the middle of the heart, we Bo state artificialexpress us heart of appreciate of feeling, so set up this academy.Zhu Gongsacademy existing gate to a monastery, over the hall, empress building etc.construct.What mountain wall insets is 46 years of pure Kangxi, Wu Chu Qi writes《Zhu Gongs academy records 》 of combining the book stone tablet.Empress buildingthree, is a hard point mountain type the mountain 2 F floor building, brick woodstructure, the ash tube tile house noodles, the first floor is the place thatoffers sacrifices to the Lian of .

The visitors, we are going now of tourist spot, is a Yue to fly temple, itis to offer sacrifices to south Sung the patriotic famous general Yue fly oftemple ancestral temple, believe the story flying Yue, widely known, here, smallalso no longer did to excessively introduce.We the Bo state set up due torespecting adore the race moral integrity that the Yue flies temple with offersacrifices to, the temple being existing is pure Kangxi year of building.It fromgate to a monastery Chong the building is a , big palace 3 constitutes.Exactcenter have Qin Kuai husband and wifes stone carving to suffer torture to kneelto be like inside the hospital, be provided for person to excoriate.This stillhas a legend to the stone statue:In those early years Yues flying is harmed byQin Kuai clay-cold, Bo state the people were very angry, went to hell, descendedthe parlance of oil pan according to the Buddhism concerning clay-cold badperson, made into two people with the face powder, represent Qin Kuais husbandand wife respectively, put in the oil pan to use to fry in oil to solve thespirit in the heart.Unexpectedly this after eating also want to eat, because ofvery delicious and again solution spirit, quickly become popular, the person whoeat is more and more.The person who does noodles has to with two noodles andpresses together, again Ning for a while, mean that they are husband and wife,put to provide a person after deep-frying in oil pan edible.It is said that thisis the origins of twisted dough-strips

Dear ladies and gentlemen, children

hello everyone!

Im Sheng Zexi, todays tour guide. You can call me Xiao Sheng. Today weare going to visit the temple of heaven, which is one of the world famouscultural heritages. Today, Im very happy to enjoy its beautiful scenery andarchitecture with you, and have a good time together. I wish you all have a goodtime!.

The temple of heaven is the place where the emperors of Ming and QingDynasties worship heaven. It was first built in 1420 (the 18th year of Yongle inMing Dynasty), and then after continuous expansion, it was built in Qianlongperiod of Qing Dynasty. Since its completion, it has been a special altar forthe emperor to worship heaven. It lasted for 490 years until the end of the 1911Revolution and the end of the feudal monarchy. It also completed its mission. Itwas turned into a park in 1918 and has been "visited by others" ever since. In1957, it was listed in the first batch of historical and cultural relicsprotection units in Beijing. In 1961, it was listed in the first batch ofnational key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

The temple of Heaven Park, with an area of 2.05 million square meters, hasfour groups of ancient buildings: qigutan, yuanqiutan, zhaigong and Shenle

Building group, there are 92 ancient buildings, more than 600. It is thelargest and most complete ancient architecture group in the world. There aremore than 3500 ancient pines, cypresses and locusts in the temple of heaven,which are more than hundreds of years old. The temple of heaven is not only thealtar of ancient Chinese emperors, but also the crystallization of Chinas longculture of offering sacrifices to heaven. Its magnificent architecture, greenancient trees and rich cultural relics collection record not only theexpectation and hope of ancient Chinese ancestors, but also the wisdom,fatalness and decay of feudal emperors.

Dear tourists, our tour today is coming to an end. Im very happy to spendthis wonderful time with you. If you are not satisfied with my tour guide today,please criticize and correct me. Thank you!

Suzhou city in 514 BC, the prince he lu fu father life defecting will set up he lu wu chu city, has a history of more than 2500 years ago.

During the spring and autumn period, here is the capital of the kingdom of wu, still retains many sites about xi shi, wu zixu, etc. Sui huang nine years (AD 589) said in the beginning of suzhou, in use today.

City of suzhou city building early, large scale, surface parallel and adjacent river street, the ancient city is located on the site, still rarely seen at home and abroad.

Suzhou gardens of guilin, has been listed in the world cultural heritage list, in Chinas four big gardens, suzhou has a humble administrators garden, lingering garden two seats.

The first places of human ". Hu qiu profound cultural accumulation, making it a tourist will visit to suzhou; The tang dynasty poets poem "the present paper arrives at an inter pretation" poetry, the ancient and modern tourists to visit maple bridge, hearing hanshan temple bells.

Gusu outside the beautiful natural scenery, resentments, balance, tianchi and the mountains in dongting, ornament in taihu lake, formed the rich jiangnan amorous feelings of lakes and mountains.

Suzhou has both the beauty of the landscape and scenery of wins, natural and human landscape in photograph reflect, together with letters fude sings, made suzhou a veritable "paradise on earth".

"The filled with clouds, Trinidad jiangling also on the 1st. On both sides of the YuanSheng crow, boats already past thousands of mountains". This is a known "early onset treasure". This poem describes is the beautiful three gorges scenery.

Let us stepping the ancient charm, close to the nature, to see the beautiful scenery of the three gorges!!!!

The three gorges is the floorboard of the qutang gorge, wu gorge and xiling. Between the yichang of hubei province and chongqing fengjie Yangtze river. The three gorges scenery, beautiful, grand and risks, quiet and beautiful. This is really make people intoxicated in it! The mountain of the three gorges, continuous, canopy; The three gorges water, fast water rises, blocking the traffic. Winter, spring water pool back clear, beautiful scenery; In autumn, when the water is cold and dry gas apes sound sad. Of the author, scenery beautiful, fishermans song apes birds cry fall, all reflect the beauty of the the broken pieces back together!

Now let us into the three gorges, use our hearts to feel the beauty of the broken pieces back together!

Hello everyone, welcome to the Huang Shan Mountain who seems like fairyland on the earth. My name is Wang Ping, I’m from Anhui travel agency; you also can call me Xiao Wang. This is the driver Master Li who has a lot of experience; you can be assured of our traffic safety on the road. Next, I will do my best to provide warm and thoughtful service for everyone; I hope you will be able to actively cooperate with our work. If there is something wrong, please give me your suggestion. At the same time, I wish you have a pleasant tour today.

Let me briefly explain the Huang Shan Mountain. In Mount Huangshan we find all beauties of nature; it occupies an area of 1200 square kilometers in South Anhui Province. As a double entry on the list of UNESCOs Heritage of Culture and Nature,Huang Shan Mountain is one of the top ten national spots. And it is also the National 5A level scenic spot. Xu Xiake, a great Chinese traveler visited this place twice and left “behind you wont want to visit any other mountains after seeing wu yue, but you won’t wish to see even wu yue after returning from huangshan.”

Theres a story behind the name of Huang Shan Mountain. Are you interested? Long long ago, Huangshan was called Yishan. In Tang Dynasty, the emperor Xuanzong ordered renamed Huangshan according folklore. This folklore said it was the place where Emperor Xuan Yuan attended the heaven in here. Huang Shan Mountain opens her generous arms to the guests from all over the world. Its well-known for its four wonders; do you know it?

The strange pines are unique. Huangshan pines are seen in every corner of Huang Shan Mountain. You will be amazed by their vitality and strength. The seeds fall into the crevices where they take root and grow with great vigor. So they become crooked and even downward. A representation of Guest-Greeting Pine, Guest-Goodbye Pine, Cushion Pine, Phoenix Pine and Chessboard Pine.

The Absurd Stones also are unique. Spectacular rocky peaks will inspire your imagination. Some look like human beings, birds, animals or many other objects, it makes the stones even more

fascinating when seen from different. It is amazing that every stone has its own fantastic legend.

Huang Shan Mountain is home to clouds and mists. The Sea of Clouds has a fairy tale beauty. Winter is the best season for this spectacle. According to their locations, the seas of clouds are divided into East Sea, South Sea, West Sea, North Sea and Sky Sea.

To be able to refresh yourself in the hot springs on Huang

Shan Mountain，it must be one of the best ways to enjoy and relax. Legend has it that Huang Di, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, bathed here 49 days before he ascend to heaven and became immoral.

Well, ladies and gentleman, our tour is coming to the end, thank you for your cooperation and support. In this way, please forgive me in unconsidered place. Finally, I wish you always happy and healthy.

Hello! Dear passengers, my friends, I am you the tour guide. First to introduce myself. My name is guilin travel guide, hong-yu zhu, I will be with you through this journey together, thank you to give me this chance, I will service for you, let everybody have a good time in guilin and happy, hope everyone support to our work.

Guilin, the famous tourist destination, as the saying goes: landscape jiatianxia guilin. Guilin with her mountain, water show, hole, Shi Xiu is famous for its beautiful scenery, every year attracts millions of tourists from home and abroad to guilin tourism.

Guilin mountains in this area, the past high mountains towering, springing up, connect. Guilin water winds bend, on the bottom, in trip in the future I will take you on a boat to see guilin is the most beautiful one in the river, li river. The lijiang river water is eerily quiet, quiet we simply dont feel it in the flow; The water of the lijiang on the bottom, can see there are many beautiful fish swimming around.

Guilin more mountain stone, famous with the hilt of crescent hill stone fish stone elephant trunk hill, fubo hill sword-power-test rock... Guilin hole is a special skill. Let me together with me, please go ashore to admire the mysterious rock.

Rock cave of the area is big, can accommodate more than ten thousand people, look here, inside hole has a strange shape various scenery: a vast original forest, pagoda towering tall and straight, and fresh white bamboo... A palace of nature, said. Look at this way, for a variety of stalactites, under the lights, it is more fun? The stalactites has a beautiful name, what shiling toward, stone milk account, haeundae range and so on. Please free to enjoy, must pay attention to safety!

Guilin stone beauty, green hills, water show, hole. The beautiful scenery of the singularly, won the praise of the landscape jiatianxia guilin. Compose a as long as more than 80 km of landscape picture scroll.

亲爱的乘客们，你们好!我的朋友们，我是你们的导游。首先介绍我自己。我的名字是桂林旅游指南，洪宇朱，我将与你一起走过这段旅程，谢谢你给我这个机会，我会为你服务，让大家在桂林有一个美好的时光和快乐，希望大家支持我们的工作。

桂林，著名的旅游胜地，俗话说：山水甲天下的桂林。桂林的山、水、洞、Shi Xiu以风景优美著称，每年吸引数以百万计的国内外游客到桂林旅游。

桂林山区在这方面，过去的高山高耸，弹跳起来，连接。桂林水风弯曲，在底部，在未来的旅行，我将带你乘船看到桂林是最美丽的一条河，澧。丽江河的水是出奇的安静，安静的我们根本感觉不到它在流动;丽江的水在底部，可以看到有很多漂亮的鱼游来游去。

桂林的山多石，著名的有月牙山石头鱼石象鼻山柄，伏波山剑的力量测试岩石桂林洞是一种特殊的技能。让我和我一起，上岸去欣赏那神秘的岩石。

岩窟面积大，可容纳一万多人，看这里，洞内有一个奇形怪状的各种风景：一大片原始的森林，宝塔高耸挺拔，清新洁白的竹自然的宫殿，说。这样来看，各种各样的钟乳石，在灯光下，它更有趣?钟乳石都有一个美丽的名字，什么石岭朝，石乳账户、云台范围等。请自由享用，一定要注意安全!

桂林石美人，青山，水秀，洞。的奇异美丽的风景，赢得了山水甲天下的桂林的赞美。创作一条长达80多公里的山水画卷。

Good morning! Ladies and gentlemen! Today, with such great joy, on behalf of Anhui Travel Agency. I’d like to extend our warm welcome to all of you, our distinguished guest from the other side of the Pacific. Please allow me to introduce myself. My name is Li Xin and I work for Anhui Travel Agency .During your short stay in jiuhuashan, I’ll be your local guide. It’s my honor to be of your service. If you have any request, go ahead! I’ll try my best to help you and make your stay comfortable!

It’s my honor to be of your service. If you have any special interest, please let me know, and I highly appreciate your understanding and cooperation.

Ok, now we are heading for Mt.Jiuhua, which is known as one of the four Buddhist Mountains in China. It’s about 30 minutes’ bus ride. On the way you can enjoy the beautiful scenery and I’d like to give you a brief introduction about Mt.Jiuhua.

Mt.Jiuhua was originally known as Jiuzi (Nine-Peak) Mount. Li Bai, a famous Chinese poet over 1300 years ago wrote of the mountain: ”sailing on the Yangtze River, watching Mt.Jiuhua from after, green water falls from the sky, nine lotuses appear in the air.” This expresses the poet’s great admiration for Mt.Jiuhua. From then on, the mountain was renamed as Mt.Jiuhua.

Mt.Jiuhua covers more than 100 square kilometers in area, which has been known to have 99 peaks, and the main peak of the Shiwang Peak is 1342m above sea level. Mt.Jiuhua is full of waterfalls, streams, exotic-looking boulders, ancient caves, old pines and exuberant bamboo. With the richly variegated landscape, the ancient temples are tucked away amid the dense woods and the air reverberates with the tolling of the bells at dawn and dusk. Mt.Jiuhua is usually known as the No.1 Mountain of the southeast.

Ok, I have said too much about the Mt.Jiuhua, and I expect you have got a general idea about it. Seeing is Beliving. I’m sure you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and Buddhism after the visit, and you will also be impressed deeply by the wonderful scenery. Let’s get off the bus and bring your camera. I’ll show you around the scenic areas.

Look! So many monks, why? Yes, that’s it! Because Mt.Jiuhua is a Buddhist mountain. Especially on July 30th of Chinese Lunar is the birthday of Earch Buddha, and a great Buddhist ceremony is held on this day. Around that day every year, the mountain is the site of a temple fair. A large number of monks, nuns, pilgrims and visitors come to burn incense, chant and sacrifice food. The activities of each year are different. Though today is not the festival, we can also enjoy the beautiful scenery. They are: Sunrise at Tiantai Platform, Evening bell of Huacheng Temple, Sitting on East Stone with pleasure, Fairy mark of Tianzhu, Taoyan waterfall, clouds around lotus peak and Phoenix Pine.

Ok, here we are, this is Huacheng Temple of Jiuhua Street. It was the first and oldest of all the temples of Mt.Jiuhua. Over 1500 years ago, Monk Beidu built a simple temple here. Then after 300 years it was reconstructed and named Huacheng Temple.

You see it lies a round plaza. Look at the center! What do you see? Yeah! It is a crescent shaped lotus pond named “Crescent Moon Pond” you can go towards it, what do you see? It is believed that Monk Jin Qiaojue used to free captive fish. Ok, now I say some brief introduction about it and then you can go around it. We’ll gather here after one hour, ok? The temple consists of four parts: the lobby, the grand hall, the back hall and the Scripture Tower. The ground slopes up with each part and the whole layout is natural. The doors, windows, brackets, beams, columns, steps and the cornerstone are carved with exquisite designs. In the hall are preserved horizontal boards inscribed by emperor in ancient time.

Ok! Is everyone here? 1, 2, 3… Ok, now, let’s go to see the Phoenix Pine, in Minyuan Scenic Area. Phoenix Pine is over 1400 years old, and is one of the four decorative trees in Anhui Province.

After seeing Phoenix Pine, we’ll finish our travel, and on behalf of my company, my Chinese colleagues and myself, I’d like to take this opportunity to express my thanks for your consideration, understanding, tolerance and cooperation.

Armies of passengers, everyone! Welcome to visit the Summer Palace, I am a small lead decorous wen, please we care a lot! Ok, Ill tell you something about knowledge about the Summer Palace!

The Summer Palace, is Chinas largest and best-preserved imperial garden existing, is one of Chinas four big gardens, known as the royal garden museum. The other three gardens as: chengde summer resort, suzhou the humble administrators garden, and the lingering garden in suzhou. The Summer Palace was built in 1750, built in 1764, the 14 years, built out of the plane or on the surface of the object is about 290 hectares of the Summer Palace.

Now we enter the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is a beautiful big park, around the hall, came to the famous promenade. The aisle has more than 700 meters long, divided into 273. You look up, each cross sill have colorful paintings, painted figures, flowers and plants, landscape. Thousands of picture is not that is the same. Look at both sides, both sides gallery, filled with flowers and trees, a phuong havent flowers, that a phuong flowers opened again.

Armies of passengers, covered corridor, a mountain emerge in front of us, the mountain is called longevity hill, 58. 59 meters, halfway up the hill, a triangular pyramid three house building stands in there, that is the Buddha nasal pavilion. The rows of resplendent and magnificent palace, under the row is cloud temple.

On the mountainside of the longevity hill, the Summer Palace landscape in half closed, are the quiet like a mirror in front, green, like a jasper lake is kunming lake, it accounted for three-quarters of the dominated.

Coming down from the longevity hill, the kunming lake. Lake center has a small island, the tips of the trees, we want to the island by a stone bridge, there are seventeen little tunnel in this stone, so called ten 7 bridge. We look at both sides, bridge railing on hundreds of pillar, pillar are engraved a little lion. A lion also have different attitude, no two are the same.

Armies of passengers, todays trip to the Summer Palace is almost over, I hope you have fun!

北京颐和园英文导游辞

The tour will take 4-6 hours. The route is as follows:

Out side the East Gate-side the East Gate –in front of the Hall of benevolence and Longevity- in front of Garden of Virtuous Harmony-in front of the Grand Theater Building- a lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall o Jade Ripples- in front of the o Jade Ripples- in front of the Yiyunguan (Chamber of Mortal Being)-Hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the Yaoyue (Chamber of Mortal Beings)-Hall of Happiness and Longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon ) Gate of the Long Corridor- strolling along the Long Corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- atop the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest –outside the south gate to Suzhou Shopping Street- atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.

(Out side the east gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer Palace. (After the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .

During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.

The construction of the Summer Palace first started in 1750. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories. The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong. With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements. In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness) by Angol-French allied forces. In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace). Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.

This is the main entrance to the Summer Palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu. The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. All others used the side doors.

(Inside the East Gate)

the Summer Palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake .The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. The layout of the Summer Palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters. Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters. The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.

This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters. The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu Province and placed here to decorated the garden.

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女士们，先生们!欢迎来到历史悠久的敦煌莫高窟。我是你们的导游。大家就叫我老周吧。四大石窟有：龙门石窟，云冈石窟，麦积山石窟，和敦煌莫高窟。其中最大的，可就是敦煌莫高窟了。接下来，就跟着我一起去敦煌莫高窟看看吧!

首先我要向大家介绍：莫高窟的千佛洞。他被誉为20世纪最有价值的文化发现，“东方卢浮宫”坐落在走廊西端的敦煌，以精美的壁画和塑像闻名于世。现有洞窟735个，壁画405平方米，泥质彩塑2415尊，是世界上现存规模最大，内容最丰富的佛教圣地。

各种各样的石窟大小不一。千佛洞的岩壁上雕刻着成千上万的小佛像，每个小佛像虽然只有一寸多高，但头和身子都雕刻得栩栩如生，活灵活现。好了，到下一个景点。

你们看，这个东西是一个九层的遮掩，也叫“北大像”，高36米，是世界第三大佛哦!

莫高窟是一个百宝箱。

好了，游览到此结束。欢迎下次再来!

Each group members, today we will visit the scenic spots is a tomb. Sun yat-sens mausoleum is located in nanjing, the second peak of small maoshan the foothill, is one of the greatest Chinese democratic revolution pioneer sun yat-sen mausoleum, it is a famous building in nanjing during the period of the republic of China, has now become a card and sign in nanjing, is one of the first 5 a grade scenic spot. First, lets look at the sun yat-sen this person. Sun yat-sen, sun yat-sen, because when engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan has used "zhongshan firewood" alias, so your respectful name he is Mr Zhongshan, domestic and foreign friends often referred to as Dr. Sun yat-sen. Was born in 1866, as a teenager in Honolulu, Hong Kong and other places to study, after graduation to practice medicine in places such as guangzhou, macau, and after a medical in politics; Organization founded the Chinese brothers in Japan in 1905, put forward the "expel the manchus, restore China, the establishment of the republic of China, the average land ownership" of the platform, as well as the three peoples principles ", the peoples livelihood and civil rights for democracy "theory; After the revolution in 1911, was elected the provisional President of the republic of China; The oath of office in 1912 New Years day, after yuan shikai secretly, he has led the "second revolution" movement "protecting" the movement to protect the ", etc.;

On March 12, 1925, died in Beijing because became ill because of overwork. Sun yat-sens mausoleum burial site is sun yat-sen was selected, on April 1, 1912 is the sun for the day after the peaceful reunification of the north and south, resolutely resigned as their President, sun yat-sen and hunting hu and others had to purple mountain area, he looked around the terrain, smiles to the around said: "after I had another died, to national begging for this 柸 soil, to house body". Sun yat-sens mausoleum was designed by young architects Lv Yanzhi, and mountain building, sits, Ming tomb, in the west and the east which the soul valley temple, cemetery global form design is "wake-up call". Sun yat-sens mausoleum since the start in the spring of 1926 in the summer of 1929 to build. Held on June 1, 1929 at 12 noon "manusoleum" sun yat-sens coffin was buried inside the tomb has never been opened. LingQian parts: (2 minutes)

Now we came to the tomb of the half moon square. Octagonal stone table, south of the square there is a statue of baoding copper, 4.25 meters high, abdominal diameter 1.23 meters, weighs 5000 kilograms, is one of the monuments of sun yat-sens mausoleum, the ding is in the autumn of 1933 by guangzhou zhongshan university President and all the teachers and students to donate, tai chi-tao wrote pot belly cast with "wisdom, kernel, brave," three word is the school motto of sun yat-sen university, ding also groove wear mother huang xiao ", the full text, so the xiao ding and ding. Ascend the stairs by square, right against the face of humanity, located in the center of the front, this is a four pillars three eaves of memorial arch, built in 1930, 12 meters high, 17.3 meters wide, with fujian granite archaize generation built wooden arches form, banners overlying blue glazed tile, before and after the column foot drum stone, the bottom of the column for rectangular stone bridge, arch carved lotus petals on clouds and ancient buildings such as coloured drawing or pattern design, because it is in writing banners on a stone, engraved with sun yat-sen calligraphy "fraternity" two gold-plating spiral, so called "love fang". Love a word from the tang han yus "the way" "universal love" benevolence ", it is said that sun yat-sens favourite topic

These two words to send people, that the word has become his life very good summary and reflection. Through the memorial arch, is a 480 meters long and 40 meters wide of the pyramid-shaped mound, left, middle and right three pyramid-shaped mound, intermediate in 12 meters wide, 9 meters wide on both sides of the lawn, which planted with cedar, Sabina chinensis, such as evergreen trees, the two sides of the pyramid-shaped mound each 4.6 meters wide, in what they each have the lawn, which not only planted gingko trees, such as cement benches for YeLing person to rest, also has in the design of both conforms to the spirit of traditional Chinese architecture, but also has a unique style, strict in axisymmetric give a person the sense with testimonies is rigorous, with two symmetrical cedar, Sabina chinensis, ginkgo, red maple trees instead of the ancient imperial tomb common stone golem, suggesting Mr Zhongshan spirit such as cypress trees last forever.

简单的北京明十三陵导游词5篇

明十三陵，世界文化遗产，全国重点文物保护单位，国家重点风景名胜区，国家AAAAA级旅游景区。明十三陵坐落于北京市昌平区天寿山麓，总面积一百二十余平方公里，距离天安门约五十公里。十三陵地处东、西、北三面环山的小盆地之中，陵区周围群山环抱，中部为平原，陵前有小河曲折蜿蜒。自永乐七年(1409)五月始作长陵，到明朝最后一帝崇祯葬入思陵止，其间230多年，先后修建了十三座皇帝陵墓、七座妃子墓、一座太监墓。共埋葬了十三位皇帝、二十三位皇后、二位太子、三十余名妃嫔、两位太监。截止20xx年，已开放景点有长陵、定陵、昭陵、神路。下面是小编收集整理的简单的北京明十三陵导游词5篇范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

简单的北京明十三陵导游词5篇(一)

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

北京昌平县境内，有一处明代帝王陵墓群，即中外闻名的十三陵。在周围40公里的范围内，埋葬着明代13位帝王，23位皇后和众多的嫔妃、太子、公主、从葬宫女等。

(一)概况

明永乐五年(1407)朱棣的皇后徐氏去世。朱棣命礼部、工部及术士风鉴先生等人，在北京郊区寻找"吉壤"。先后曾指定潭柘寺、燕家台、屠家营等处，朱棣均不满意。后来江西术士廖均卿说，昌平北有吉壤，可做万年寿域，名黄土山，山前有龙、虎二山，形成一个小平原。朱棣视察后很满意，决定在此建造皇陵，改黄土山为天寿山。永乐七年(1409)正式建陵，到永乐十一年竣工，即长陵。明代历朝(除景泰帝外)皇帝陆续在此建陵。 明制规定，陵墓每年大祭三次(清明、中元、冬至)，小祭四次(正旦、孟冬、生辰、逝日)。每次谒陵耗费巨大。十三陵地面上建筑曾几度遭到破坏，最严重的一次是清兵入关。明末清太祖崛起于东北，威胁明朝安全。有人说清兵之所以强盛与他的祖坟风水有关。他们(金人)的祖坟在房山，如捣毁，清兵即灭。天启皇帝于天启二年(1622)派人毁房山金陵，并建关帝庙镇之。清兵入关后，采取同样的报复手段，破坏了明陵。清乾隆五十年，为了拢络汉人，曾下令修缮明陵。民国时期，1920xx年左右，当地豪绅争夺产权，明陵又遭破坏。

1绷昴骨范围

墓区原有一道40公里长的围墙。红色围墙自南边的大宫门起，依山而筑，设有中山口、东山口、老君堂口、贤庄口、灰岭口、锥子口、雁子口、德胜口、西山口、榨子口等十个关口，各口驻兵把守。现在红墙已无，但从地名上看还能了解到当年的墓区范围。

2绷昴怪兄嵯

(1)石牌坊

石牌坊是陵区最南端的建筑。该坊五门六柱十一楼，高14米，宽2886米，建于嘉靖十九年(1540)，是目前国内保存最大、最早的石坊。夹杆石四面有浮雕，刻有八对狮子滚绣球、十六条生龙，造型生动。

(2)大宫门

大宫门是陵墓区的正门。门分三洞，旁连40公里围墙。门前竖着"官员人等至此下马"碑。门内有数千军士守护，任何人不得闯入。当时规定"谋毁山陵者，以谋大逆论，不分首从，俱凌迟处死"。山陵内盗砍树木者斩，家属发往边疆充军。

(3)碑楼

该楼为重檐顶四出陛、楼内驮巨碑，即长陵的神功圣德碑，高三丈(该碑正式建立于宣德十年，即公元1435年)。正面为神功圣德碑文，3000余字，明成祖长子仁宗朱高炽撰。碑阴是乾隆五十年(1785)，清高宗的《哀明陵三十韵》，详细地记录了长、永、定、思几座陵墓的残破情况。碑东侧是清政府修明陵的花费记录，西侧是嘉庆九年(1804)清仁宗论述明亡的原因。

(4)石象生

神路两侧有一组石雕群，24兽，12人，共18对，36个。包括狮子、獬豸、骆驼、麒麟、马、象各4匹，二卧二立。武臣、文臣、勋臣各4人。

(5)棂星门

棂星门俗称龙凤门，在此处有"天门"之意，门三道之间有短垣相隔。6根门柱形似华表，三门额坊中央雕有石刻火焰珠，故当地人又称其为火焰牌坊。 棂星门北有7孔汉白玉神桥一座，通往长陵陵门。

(二)埋葬帝后简表

陵 名埋 葬年 号庙 号在位年代年 数享 年附葬皇后长 陵朱 棣永 乐成 祖1403～14242265徐 氏献 陵朱高炽洪 熙仁 宗1425148张 氏景 陵朱瞻基宣 德宣 宗1426～14351038孙 氏裕 陵朱祁镇正统天顺英 宗1436～1464(前后)2238钱、周氏茂 陵朱见深成 化宪 宗1465～14872341纪、王、邵氏泰 陵朱佑樘弘 治孝 宗1488～15051836张 氏康 陵朱厚照正 德武 宗1506～15211631夏 氏永 陵朱厚艏 靖世 宗1522～15664560杜、陈、方氏昭 陵朱载趼 庆穆 宗1567～1572636李、陈、李氏定 陵朱翊钧万 历神 宗1573～16204858王、王氏庆 陵朱常洛泰 昌光 宗16201月39郭、王、刘氏德 陵朱由校天 启熹 宗1621～1627723张 氏思 陵朱由检崇 祯思 宗1628～16441735田、周氏

(三)长陵

长陵是十三陵中第一陵，占地10公顷。墓主是明成祖永乐皇帝朱棣和皇后徐氏。

1绷暝捌矫娌季

陵墓有三进院落。第一进院落从陵门到潭髅拧A昝拍诙西侧原有神厨、神库各5间。东南角有碑亭一座，无碑文，建于嘉靖十五年(1536)。清顺治皇帝见过陵墓后，于顺治十六年(1659)，在石碑正面用汉、满两种文字镌刻其谒陵感受。碑阴是乾隆皇帝于1785年谒陵后镌刻的谒明陵八韵。第二进院落从潭髅胖聊诤烀拧T耗邶潭鞯羁9间，深5间，重檐庑殿顶。殿内60根楠木柱，当中4根柱直径都在1米以上。该殿是国内最好的楠木殿。殿中原有大佛龛，供成祖和徐皇后。殿两侧原有廊庑15间，现已无存。第三进院落从内红门至明楼。院内前部是二柱牌坊，依次为石五供、明楼和宝城。 明楼是每座陵墓的标帜，也是每座陵墓中轴线上的最高建筑。楼顶为重檐歇山式，建于方城之上，四出陛，额曰"长陵"。刻碑为万历三十二年重立。原碑刻"太宗"(朱棣原来的庙号)，后来世宗嘉靖皇帝于嘉靖七年改太宗为成祖，未换石碑，只用木雕成祖之碑镶之。万历三十二年(1604)雷击起火，木雕被毁。大学士沈一贯奏请改新碑。明楼两侧连宝城，城内园丘即宝顶，周一百丈，下面即地宫。

2倍西井

长陵的陵园还辖属东西井。东井在德陵馒头山之南，西井在定陵西北。"井"内葬着被"赐死"的殉葬宫妃。她们是皇帝的地下随侍，虽赐死但无资格入地宫。埋葬她们的坟(竖葬)叫"井"。

(四)定陵

定陵在昭陵东北大峪山(原名小峪山)下，埋葬着明代第十三代帝王万历帝朱翊钧和孝端、孝靖二位皇后。万历十一年(1583)朱翊钧借祭陵的机会勘察了陵区，最后决定在小峪山为己建陵，改小峪山为大峪山。因陵地有巨石，工程量级大，有人谏阻其不听，决定次年开工。朱翊钧时年才22岁。从万历十二年开工，至万历十八年竣工，历时6年之久。墓穴工程质量极佳。竣工后，28岁的万历皇帝，曾在自己的地宫中饮酒欢贺，然后将墓口封闭。朱翊钧是个残暴荒淫之君，在位48年不问朝政,纵饮欢乐,还巧立名目广纳民女,如选"九嫔"、"十俊"等。

简单的北京明十三陵导游词5篇(二)

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游。

1992年，在“北京旅游世界之最”的评定中，专家学者对十三陵的判定语为“世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群”。20xx年7月，明十三陵被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》明清皇家陵寝的扩展项目。《世界遗产名录》对它的评价如下：“明清皇家陵寝依照风水理论，精心选址，将数量众多的建筑物巧妙的安置于地下。它是人类改变自然的产物，体现了传统的建筑装饰思想，阐释了封建中国持续了500余年的世界观和权力观。”

(明成祖朱棣)

十三陵的第一个陵是长陵，从永乐七年(公元1409)动工兴建，到永乐十一年(公元l413)玄宫告成。长陵位于天寿山丰峰南面，它是永乐帝朱棣和皇后徐氏的合葬墓。

明成祖朱棣是明太祖朱元璋的第四个儿子，生于元至正二十年(1360)，明洪武三年(130)封为燕王，洪武十三年(1380)就藩北平。建文元年(1399)朱棣发动“靖难之役”，建文四年(1420)继承皇位，第二年改元永乐。其较突出的历史功绩有：主持编撰《永乐大典》和派遣郑和下西洋。中国被收入《世界遗产名录》的文化古迹中，有4项是朱棣开创奠基的，他们是北京故宫，北京天坛，北京明十三陵，湖北武当山道教古建筑群。皇后徐氏，是开国功臣中山王徐达的长女。永乐五年(公元1420xx年)七月四日病逝，永乐十一年(公元1420xx年)，首先被葬入长陵，她是葬入十三陵的第一人。长陵是明十三陵中规模宏大，营建时间最长，保存的最好的一座陵。

(长陵布局：长陵祾恩殿)

长陵陵园平面布局为“前方后圆”形制。“前方”，是三进深院落：第一深进院落大门为陵门，单檐歇山顶宫门式建筑，门内明朝时东建有神厨，西建有神库，神厨前有碑亭一座，神厨，神库均毁于清朝中期，碑亭尚存;第二进深院落大门为祾恩门，单檐歇山顶。门内即祾恩殿，面阔九间进深五间，重檐庑殿顶。祾恩殿是供奉帝后神位和举行祭祀活动的场所。“祾”是“祭而受福”，“恩”是“罔极之恩”的意思。长陵祾恩殿是明代帝王陵中唯一保存完整的祾恩殿。殿内有60根金丝楠木柱，当中4根柱的直径在l米以上，是我国保存最好的楠木大殿，十分珍贵;第三进深院落大门为棂星门，门内有两柱牌楼门和石几筵。“后圆”即指永乐帝的陵墓，它由宝城，宝山，方城，明楼组成。宝城状如圆形城堡，宝城围起来的土山]宝山，宝山下为玄宫。宝城正前方建方城，方城之上为重檐歇山顶明楼。明楼是每座陵墓的标志，也是每座陵墓中轴线上的最高建筑。原碑刻着朱棣原来的庙号“太宗”，后来世宗嘉靖七年(公元1528)改太宗为成祖，但没能换石碑，只是用木雕镶在成祖的石碑上。明楼内立“圣号碑”碑首为“大明”，下刻“成祖文皇帝之陵”7个字。

长陵陵园还辖有东，西井。东井在德陵馒头山的南面，西井在定陵西北。“井”内葬有被赐死的殉葬宫妃。

明长陵位于北京市昌平区怀长路上，处在天寿山主峰南麓，是明朝第三位皇帝成祖文皇帝朱棣(年号永乐)和皇后徐氏的合葬陵寝。在十三陵中建筑规模最大，营建时间最早，地面建筑也保存得最为完好。它是十三陵中的祖陵，也是陵区内最主要的旅游景点之一。长陵于永乐七年(1420xx年)开始修建，永乐十三年(1420xx年)完工。现存建筑有宝城、明楼、石五供、两柱牌楼门、祾恩殿、祾恩门、碑亭以及三进院落的宫墙和因墙而设的陵门、角门等。地宫未发掘，同时没有被盗墓记录。长陵目前对公众开放。

明长陵位于北京市昌平县境内，距北京故宫五十公里。陵区南起石牌坊，北倚天寿山主峰。四面环山，绿树丛丛。南面又有龙虎两山左右对峙，势如门户。当中奔流不息的山水自西向东而去，好似天然的护陵河。南北贯通的高速路似一条巨龙连接着长陵至故宫。

明长陵为十三陵之首，永乐皇帝和皇后徐氏的合葬墓。是永乐皇帝建北京皇宫(故宫)的第三年(公元1420xx年)自建的“寿宫”。陵园规模宏大，用料严格考究，施工精细，工程浩繁，营建时日旷久，仅地下宫殿就历时四年。

明长陵陵恩殿是嗣皇帝祭祀永乐帝后的场所，建筑在汉白玉雕刻成的三层台基上，金砖铺地。殿面阔九间(66.56米)，进深五间(29.12米)，象征着皇帝“”之位。所有木件全用金丝楠木为之，古色古香。一米多直径，十几米高的六十根金丝楠木大柱，承托着二千三百平方米的重檐庑殿顶，雄伟壮观、举世无双。最粗的一根重檐金柱，高12.58米，底径达到1.124米，为世间罕见佳木。殿中端坐于九龙宝座之上的永乐皇帝铜像，形象逼真，做工精湛考究，此造像是巨上精美绝伦的艺术佳作。此外陈列着明陵地宫出土文物数百件，播放1956年发掘地宫的实况录像，帮助游人解开地宫之谜。

明长陵，建筑最早、面积最大、规模最宏伟、工艺用料最考究、原建筑保护最完整。历经六百年沧桑，仍完好无损，金碧辉煌。它早已被公布为全国第一秕重点文物保护单位。它不权以其宏大的古建筑和辉煌的艺术成就，丰富的历史文化内涵，吸引着每年数以百万计的中外游人和各界专家学者，而且永乐皇帝是世界上赫赫有名的一代有作为的皇帝，所以长陵又是世界最有名的旅游胜地之一。

景区

祾恩门

《太常续考》等文献记载，天寿山诸陵陵殿名为“祾恩殿”，殿门名之为“祾恩门”，始于嘉靖十七年(1538年)，是世宗朱厚熜亲易佳名。其中，“祾”字取“祭而受福”之意，“恩”字取“罔极之恩”意，长陵棱恩门，为单檐歇山顶形制，面阔五间(通阔31.44米)，进深二间(通深14.37米)，正脊顶部距地面高14.57米。檐下斗拱为单翘重昂七踩式，其平身科斗拱耍头的后尾作斜起的杆状，与宋清做法俱不相同。室内明间、次间各设板门一道，稍间封以墙体。其中明间板门之上安有华带式榜额，书“祾恩门”三金字。“稜”字系后世修葺时误写。门下承以旱白玉栏杆围绕的须弥座式台基。其栏杆形制，为龙凤雕饰的望柱，和宝瓶、三幅云式的栏板。台基四角及各栏杆望柱之下，各设有排水用的石雕螭首(龙头)。台基前后则各设有三出踏跺式台阶。其中路台阶间的御路石上雕刻的浅浮雕图案十分精美：下面是海水江牙云腾浪涌，海水中宝山矗立，两匹海马跃出水面凌波奔驰;上面是两条矫健的巨龙在云海中升降飞腾，追逐火珠，呈现出一派波澜壮阔的雄伟景象。

陵宫建筑

长陵的陵宫建筑，占地约12万平方米。其平面布局呈前方后圆形状。其前面的方形部分，由前后相连的三进院落组成。第一进院落，前设陵门一座。其制为单檐歇山顶的宫门式建筑，面阔显五间，檐下额枋、飞子、檐椽及单昂三踩式斗拱均系琉璃构件;其下辟有三个红券门。陵门之前建有月台，左右建有随墙式角门(已拆除并封塞)。院内，明朝时建有神厨(居左)、神库(居右)各五间，神厨之前建有碑亭一座。神厨、神库均毁于清代中期，碑亭则保存至今。

简单的北京明十三陵导游词5篇(三)

现在大家已经来到了北京的远郊昌平区，那即将进入的就是十三陵景区。利用这段时间，我来给大家讲解一下十三陵的历史背景和说明。

明朝永乐皇帝朱棣在1420xx年派了一些风水术士到北京选择“吉壤”，其实就是吉祥的土地，准备修建陵寝。当时这些人找了很多地方，但是都不成功，开始他们选在了口外的屠家营，可是皇帝姓朱，与猪同音，犯了地讳。然后又选在了昌平西南的羊山脚下，可是后面有个村子叫“狼口峪”，这样岂不是更危险!后来选过京西的“燕家台”，有与“宴驾”同音，太不吉利了。最后直到明永乐七年，才选定了现在的这片天寿山陵区，在周围有蟒山，虎峪，龙山和天寿山。这里正符合了阴阳五行中四方之神的所在位置，就是东青龙，西白虎，南朱雀，北玄武，还有温榆河经过这里，真可以说是风水宝地。从此可见当时皇帝要为自己修建一个陵寝要耗费多少精力啊。随后，就开始修建了长陵，经过四年终于竣工了。那明朝历代的皇帝，也陆续在这里修建了陵寝。而且从1409修建长陵一直到1644年明王朝灭亡，这200多年间，明十三陵的营建工程从来没有间断过。在这方圆40平方公里的范围，埋葬了明代十三位皇帝，二十三位皇后，还有许多的妃子，太子等等。可是这里也没能够完整的保留下来，在清兵入关以后，为了报复金人将清太祖的祖坟毁掉，所以就将这里烧了。后来在乾隆五十年的时候，为了笼络汉人，就下令修缮陵区。在新中国成立以后，对这里进行了大规模的开发，并且开放了的长陵、定陵和昭陵，其中定陵的地宫已经被发掘了。现在这里已经成为了全国重点风景名胜区，是世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群。现在大家可能在想：明朝不是有十六个皇帝么?怎么在这里只有十三个皇帝的陵寝?其实原因很简单，明太祖朱元璋因为建都南京，所以他的陵墓当然就在南京啦，也就是明孝陵;而明朝第二个皇帝建文帝，因为被朱棣夺取了皇位，尸骨下落不明，所以这里就没有他的陵墓;在明朝第七代皇帝英宗的时候，他曾经被宦官王振怂恿，率军亲征，后来在河北怀来的土木堡被瓦刺军俘虏，这个事件称为“土木之变”，一国不能无君，所以他的兄弟就被册封为景泰帝，而后又上演了英宗重新夺取皇位的“夺门之变”，所以在十三陵中没有景泰帝的陵墓，他以亲王的礼节被安葬在西郊的金山口。这样一来，大家一定都明白了为什么这里叫做十三陵了。

现在大家沿途看到的这一个石牌坊，就是陵区的标志，是嘉靖年间制造的。这个牌坊是5间6柱11楼，高有14米，宽达到了28.86米，是现在国内保存下来最大、最精美的石牌坊，上边的图案装饰也都是云龙图案，反映了皇家建筑的特点。

大宫门就是陵墓区的正门儿，也叫大红门。门是南向的，分三洞，在这个门里边就是陵墓区。在门两侧都有刻着“官员人等至此下马”的下马碑，因为当时规定这些人进入陵区都是要步行，否则可是要治罪的。而且这里也是禁区，不是一般老百姓可以随便进入的地方，严重的是要被斩首的。而进了这个门儿，也就走进了贯穿陵园南北，能够直接通到长陵陵门的神道，明朝的神道，也是我国历代修建的帝王陵中神道最长的，其实他的主要作用就是让皇帝灵魂通过的地方，全长有7公里。

我们一边走着，就可以看到前边有一个碑亭。这个碑亭是重檐歇山顶的建筑，里边有赑屃驮着巨碑，这个就是长陵的神功颂德碑，正式建立于1435年，正面就是永乐皇帝的长子朱高炽写的颂德碑文，有3000多字，而背面则是在乾隆五十年撰写的《哀明陵三十韵》，里边详细记录了陵墓的破损情况。碑身的东面是清政府修缮陵墓的花费，西侧则是在嘉庆九年论述明王朝灭亡的原因。

过了碑亭，我们继续沿着神道行走，会发现在神路两侧，都有很多石雕。其实这里一共有36座石雕，叫做石像生。紧挨着碑亭后边的是两根石望柱，接下来就是狮子、獬豸、骆驼、大象、麒麟、马，各有四匹，按照先卧后立的顺序排列。然后是武臣、文臣和勋臣各有四人。修建这些，都是为了体现帝王生前的仪仗和死后的尊严。所以体积都非常大，雕刻的都非常精细。而且这些也都象征着皇帝在生前可以得到尊崇，到了死后也是同样得到尊崇。，各方神圣和文武百官还是要为我独尊。

再往前走，就可以看到一座棂星门，也叫龙凤门，取天门之意。在这个三门六柱的门中央位置上，有三个火焰宝珠，所以这里也被叫做火焰牌坊。

我们其实一直都是沿着神道来前进的，来回顾一下，先是石牌坊，然后到了大宫门，现在我们就要已经进入了长陵了。碑亭，石象生，过了龙凤门，还有一段路程就可以到达长陵的陵门了。而我们所说的整个陵墓群的中轴线其实也就是这条贯穿陵园南北，全长共7公里的神道。

说到长陵，它是明十三陵中的第一座陵，始建于1420xx年，在1420xx年全部建成，是明成祖永乐皇帝朱棣和徐皇后的合葬墓。朱棣是明太祖朱元璋的第四个儿子，当朱元璋死后，朱棣就以靖难为名，从北平发兵攻下南京，并且从当时的皇帝朱允文手中夺得了皇位，改年号为永乐，这件事历史上称之为靖难之役。朱棣是一位很了不起的皇帝，当了皇帝以后仍然为了巩固明朝的统治而连年征战，并且在1420xx年做出了迁都北京的重大决定。在他所统治的明朝年间，国库充实，政局稳定，而且还命人写作了《永乐大典》这部我国历史上最大的类书，派郑和七下西洋，发展了各国之间友好关系。而他的贤内助徐皇后，也就是明朝开国元勋徐达的女儿也是一位有中国古典美的女性，她曾经编写了《内训》和《劝善》用以化育人心，在用了五年的时候病逝了。值得一提的是葬入长陵的第一个人并不是朱棣，而是徐皇后。长陵共占地10公顷，中轴线由陵恩门，陵恩殿，明楼，宝城和宝顶共同组成。陵墓共有三进院，第一进院是从陵门道陵恩门，可以看到左右两侧各有一个小碑亭，但当时上面都没有文字，现在的文字是清顺治皇帝写上的。陵恩殿坐落在陵墓的第二进院落中，在1412，明永乐十四年建成，是供奉牌位和举行祭祀活动的地方。它面阔九间，进深五间，是重檐庑殿顶的建筑，殿内有60根楠木柱，中间的四根直径都达到了一米以上，是国内最好的楠木殿。原来陵恩殿中陈列有大佛龛，现在已经没有了，取而代之的是后人制作的永乐皇帝坐像，大家可以绕道坐像的后边来看一下，可以看到椅背上刻有一条龙，而龙头则正对着万历皇帝的头部，这象征着皇帝是真龙天子。而四周则是出土文物的展览。

咱们从殿后的门一出来，就到达了第三进院落，每座陵墓的标志——明楼就在这里。大家可以看到这里也有一个碑亭，石碑上刻有成祖文皇帝之陵，因为皇帝姓朱，所以碑身也都是用的朱砂红色。

由于长陵的地宫没有发掘，所以我们在长陵的游览就先告一段落。不过大家不用着急，接下来我们将要去的定陵，就可以让大家参观到古代皇帝的地下宫殿了。

定陵是明朝第13位皇帝神宗万历朱翊钧和孝端、孝靖两位皇后的合葬墓。朱翊钧是明朝在位最久的皇帝，他的为人和永乐皇帝朱棣可以说成为了鲜明的对比。他非常贪婪懒惰，在他九岁即位的时候，由于有大臣张居正的辅佐，国家发展的还算比较稳定，可是后来张居正病逝，他便利用这个机会为自己选择了陵地，花费了800万两白银，用了六年时间，建了工程质量最好的定陵，而他居然因为陵寝修建的非常满意，而在地宫当中举行了盛大的宴会，真实一位让人苦笑不得的皇帝。而他不仅如此，在他在位的48年当中，竟然有20xx年不理朝政，导致国家处于瘫痪状态。后人评论，其实明朝灭亡的命运，在万历皇帝朱翊钧时就已经成为定局了。他有两位皇后，其实在开始的时候孝靖皇后身份低下，可是与他有了一个男孩，就是后来的“一月天子”朱常洛，母以子贵，她就被封为贵妃。但是她比朱翊钧早死了九年，并没有葬在定陵里，直到后来追封她为太皇太后的时候，才与万历皇帝朱翊钧，孝端皇后共同葬入陵寝。朱翊钧的另一个皇后孝端与他没有孩子，在她去世后不到百日，朱翊钧也去世了，所以他们是同日葬入定陵的。

一进入定陵陵区，我们首先看到的是一个碑亭，里边就是神功圣德碑，也称为无字碑。碑顶有云龙交盘，下端雕有海水纹的图案，碑座也是龙九子之一赑屃。在十三陵中，除了长陵以外，其他的陵碑都没有字。这是因为原来在献景裕茂泰康六个陵门前没有碑亭，当然也就没有碑文一说，可是后来这六个碑亭相继建成，碑文理应有当时的嘉靖皇帝撰写，可是他忙于炼丹成仙，根本没工夫理会，所以导致六个碑空空如也。在永陵之后的陵墓，因为祖宗的墓碑上都没有写字，所以怕冒犯祖先，也都没有撰写碑文，这样就形成了今天我们所看到的景象。定陵的这个碑背面有一个满月型的痕迹，所以俗称月亮碑，传说它还有灵性，能随月亮阴晴圆缺而发光，可是后来陵园着火，就失去了灵性。

过了碑亭，我们所看到的两座高石台基就是定陵陵恩门和陵恩殿的遗址。这里原来也叫享殿，它是举行祭祀典礼的地方，当时面阔七间，清兵入关的时候曾经遭到破坏，到了乾隆年间，对这里进行了修复，但是后来又遭到了破坏。

在往前走，我们可以看到一个陈列室，这里陈列展出的都是定陵的出土文物，是在地宫挖掘之后兴建的。展室分为南北两个部分，南侧主要陈列地宫出土的万历皇帝的随葬品，北侧则是两位太后的随葬品，都非常精美，各位尽可以一饱眼福。

现在来到了明楼，它也是定陵陵墓的标志。明楼为石结构建筑，是定陵地面保存最完好的建筑，始终没有遭到破坏。在明楼黄色琉璃瓦顶上，镶有一块高大的石榜，刻有定陵二字，在明楼内的碑额上篆有大名二字，而碑身上则刻有神宗显皇帝之陵七个大字。它与宝城相连。宝城是一道用城砖垒起的圆形大墙，墙上有垛口，城墙高7.5米，上厚下薄，周长800米，在它围绕的中间有一个人工堆成的大土丘，其实就是皇陵的坟头，叫做宝顶。

咱们现在正从左侧的通道走入地宫。定陵地宫的挖掘工作是从1956年5月开始的，在1958年结束。最开始，工作人员是发现了宝城西南侧墙上露出了一处券门，于是就正对着券门开了第一条探沟，到了底部发现了用城砖砌成的隧道。在三个月以后，沿着隧道的方向在明楼西面开了第二条探沟，在这条探沟的挖掘过程中，碰到了刻有“此时至今刚墙前皮十六丈、深三丈五尺”的石碑，从而得到了关于打开地宫的正确方向。工作人员沿着这个方向，又开了第三条探沟，最终找到了石隧道，并且发现了金刚墙，打开金刚墙，里边有一个方形的石券室，在西侧正中有两扇汉白玉的石门，从里边顶着“自来石”，而工作人员只用了铁丝和木板，不到五分钟，就将沉睡了337年的定陵地宫打开了。

地宫深度是27米，总面积达到了1195平方米，整个建筑的用料都是砖石，可以说是地下的无梁殿，礼制上是仿明堂的“九重法宫制”，分为前中后左右五个殿堂由七扇汉白玉门连接，最大的一扇高3.3米，宽1.7米，重达4吨，看上去很笨重，其实设计非常的合理。石门的重心偏向门轴，所以开关自如;门扇上横着设有防止倒塌的青铜扇管，重量大约是10吨;在门正面雕刻有乳状门钉和衔环铺首，背面与之相对应的地方有一个凸起的部分，关门以后，自来石就承托在这里。

在地宫前殿和左右两个配殿中没有任何的陈设。而现在到达的中殿高7.2米，宽6米，地面是金砖铺地，据记载，这种砖会越擦越亮的。殿中陈设有汉白玉石宝座，它的样式和皇帝生前宝座是一样的，在前边也就是孝靖和孝端皇后的宝座雕有凤头，而万历皇帝的宝座靠背和扶手都雕有龙头。原来宝座的陈列是呈品字形的，后来为了方便游人参观，才改变了陈设。在三个宝座之前，设有祭祀用具黄琉璃五供，包括一个香炉，两个烛台，和两个香瓶，和嘉靖年间的青花云龙大瓷缸，这个缸中原来是盛有香油，里边放有灯芯的，叫做长明灯，但是由于关门后地宫缺氧，所以这盏灯并没有长明。

在中殿后面的就是后殿，它是地宫中最大的一个殿，高大9.5米，长31米，宽9.1米，地面上铺设的是磨光的花斑石。在后殿中设有白石镶边的棺床一座，中央有一个长型方孔，中间填的是黄土，也就是选择墓穴时的第一铲黄土，叫做金井，它是整座陵寝建筑格局的基本点。在棺椁四周和棺椁内放有玉石，或者在死者口中含有玉石，称为玉葬。之所以这样，是因为古人认为金井可以沟通阴阳，交流生气，而玉葬能够保持尸体不腐烂。金井玉葬在明清两代是最高等级的葬礼。当然这些都是古人的理想而已，没有什么科学根据。在棺床的上安放有万历皇帝和两位皇后的棺椁，还有装随葬品的26个木箱。

按照皇帝陵寝的规置，后殿只是安放皇帝棺椁用的，那为什么两个皇后的棺椁也出现在这里呢?这个现象在史料中是没有明确记载的，可是根据专家推测：在万历四十八年的时候，先是孝端皇后病逝，接着七月就是万历皇帝去世，而他的儿子朱常洛也在即位29天死于红丸案，在这短短百日之内，死了两位皇帝，一位皇后，还有孝靖皇后还要迁葬，这么巨大的任务都压在了刚刚即位的皇帝朱由校身上，所以准备工作十分的仓促。而且当时正好是雨季，安放皇后的配殿不方便打开，于是皇帝皇后的棺椁就都从正门进去了。可是到了地宫发现配殿的甬道太窄了，皇后的棺椁进不去，所以只好将它们一并放入了后殿当中。现在大家可以明白地宫中棺椁的摆设呈这样是怎样一回事儿了吧。那好，现在就请大家跟随我走出地宫。

随着参观定陵的活动结束，我们今天的明十三陵之行也将近尾声了，相信大家一定都为这座巨大的帝王陵墓群而感叹，随着我国文物保护工作的不断开展，国家投入了大量的资金修缮明十三陵，这座规模宏大的帝王陵寝也将被永久的保存下去。同时，我也希望各位游客能对这里留下美好的印象，欢迎各位下次再来参观。

简单的北京明十三陵导游词5篇(四)

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游。

十三陵是明朝十三代皇帝及皇后之陵墓的简称，在北京西北约44公里的昌平县天寿山下的小盆地上，面积约40平方公里。从德胜门驱车直下，向北经沙河、昌平就可到达十三陵了。

十三座墓陵的建筑布局、规制等基本相同，只在面积大小、建筑繁简等方面略有差异。其中明成祖朱棣所葬之墓——长陵，是十三陵中规模最大的。长陵建于明永乐十一年(1420xx年)，陵内有主要建筑棱恩殿、明楼和宝顶。棱恩殿为我国现存形体最大的一座木结构建筑。定陵是明神宗朱翊均的安寝之地，是十三陵中唯一被发掘的陵墓，著名的十三陵地下宫殿就在这里。定陵修建于万历十二年(1584年)，规模宏大，仅当年役使的军卒、工匠就达三万余人。地下宫殿的发掘，出土了大量珍贵的文物，成为研究明代历史的宝贵资料。另一座明陵——永陵，是明世宗朱厚聪的陵寝，其规模虽不及长陵，但构造精美细致，其主要建筑明楼，为十三陵建筑之冠。

十三陵除以上景点供游人观览外，还有著名的石牌楼(为我国最大的古石坊)及造型细腻、栩栩如生的石象生。1958年修建的十三陵水库，更给十三陵增添了新的光彩，成为夏季旅游的好去处。十三陵第九号皇陵——昭陵，也从1985年开始修复，1989年11月1日修复完毕，对外开放。十三陵为1961年国务院公布的第一批全国重点文物保护单位之一。

明十三陵，世界文化遗产，全国重点文物保护单位，国家重点风景名胜区，国家AAAAA级旅游景区。

明十三陵坐落于北京市昌平区天寿山麓，总面积一百二十余平方公里，距离天安门约五十公里。自永乐七年(1409)五月始作长陵，到明朝最后一帝崇祯葬入思陵止，其间230多年，先后修建了十三座皇帝陵墓、七座妃子墓、一座太监墓。共埋葬了十三位皇帝、二十三位皇后、二位太子、三十余名妃嫔、两位太监。

明十三陵坐落于天寿山麓。总面积一百二十余平方公里。距离北京约五十公里。十三陵地处东、西、北三面环山的小盆地之中，陵区周围群山环抱，中部为平原，陵前有小河曲折蜿蜒，山明水秀，景色宜人。

这里自永乐七年(1409)五月始作长陵，到明朝最后一帝崇祯葬入思陵止，其间230多年，先后修建了十三座皇帝陵墓、七座妃子墓、一座太监墓。共埋葬了十三位皇帝、二十三位皇后、二位太子、三十余名妃嫔、一位太监。

十三座皇陵均依山而筑，分别建在东、西、北三面的山麓上，形成了体系完整、规模宏大、气势磅礴的陵寝建筑群。明代术士认为，这里是"风水"胜境，绝佳"吉壤"。因此被明朝选为营建皇陵的"万年寿域"。

该陵园建于1409～1644年，距今已有300～500多年历史。陵区占地面积达40平方公里，是中国乃至世界现存规模最大、帝后陵寝最多的一处皇陵建筑群。明代时，于途中的沙河镇北，建有七孔石造"朝宗桥"。在镇东，则筑有壮丽的"巩华城"。该城原为嘉靖皇帝祭陵时中途休息的行宫，现仅存遗址。

景区简介

明十三陵坐落于天寿山麓。总面积一百二十余平方公里。距离北京约五十公里。十三陵地处东、西、北三面环山的小盆地之中，陵区周围群山环抱，中部为平原，陵前有小河曲折蜿蜒，山明水秀，景色宜人。

这里自永乐七年(1409)五月始作长陵，到明朝最后一帝崇祯葬入思陵止，其间230多年，先后修建了十三座皇帝陵墓、七座妃子墓、一座太监墓。共埋葬了十三位皇帝、二十三位皇后、二位太子、三十余名妃嫔、一位太监。

十三座皇陵均依山而筑，分别建在东、西、北三面的山麓上，形成了体系完整、规模宏大、气势磅礴的陵寝建筑群。明代术士认为，这里是"风水"胜境，绝佳"吉壤"。因此被明朝选为营建皇陵的"万年寿域"。

该陵园建于1409～1644年，距今已有300～500多年历史。陵区占地面积达40平方公里，是中国乃至世界现存规模最大、帝后陵寝最多的一处皇陵建筑群。明代时，于途中的沙河镇北，建有七孔石造"朝宗桥"。在镇东，则筑有壮丽的"巩华城"。该城原为嘉靖皇帝祭陵时中途休息的行宫，现仅存遗址。[1]

地理位置

明十三陵是中国明朝皇帝的墓葬群，坐落在北京西北郊昌平区境内的燕山山麓的天寿山。

历史沿革

发展历史

明十三陵建于1409～1645年，陵区占地面积达40平方公里。

中华人民共和国成立后，政府为了保护这一文物古迹，从解放初期就开始进行维修，并将十三陵作为全国重点文物加以保护。

1957年，北京市政府公布十三陵为北京市第一批重点古建文物保护单位。

1961年，十三陵被公布为全国重点文物保护单位。

1982年，国务院公布八达岭-十三陵风景区为全国44个重点风景名胜保护区之一。

1991年，十三陵被国家旅游局确定为“中国旅游胜地四十佳”之一。

1992年，十三陵被北京旅游世界之最评选委员会评为“是世界上保存完整埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群。”

20xx年，明十三陵被列入《世界遗产目录》。

20xx年，国家旅游局批准明十三陵景区为国家5A级旅游景区。

20xx年7月1日，明十三陵优待券全面取消，所有游客均需购票参观。

名称由来

明十三陵是明朝迁都北京后13位皇帝陵墓的皇家陵寝的总称，依次建有长陵(成祖)、献陵(仁宗)、景陵(宣宗)、裕陵(英宗)、茂陵(宪宗)、泰陵(孝宗)、康陵(武宗)、永陵(世宗)、昭陵(穆宗)、定陵(神宗)、庆陵(光宗)、德陵(熹宗)、思陵(思宗)，故称十三陵。景区已开放景点有长陵、定陵、昭陵、神路。

本段景点介绍

景区已开放景点有长陵、定陵、昭陵、神路。

明长陵

明长陵位于天寿山主峰南麓，是明朝第三位皇帝成祖文皇帝朱棣(年号永乐)和皇后徐氏的合葬陵寝。在十三陵中建筑规模最大，营建时间最早，地面建筑也保存得最为完好。它是十三陵中的祖陵，也是陵区内最主要的旅游景点之一。

长陵的陵宫建筑，占地约12万平方米。其平面布局呈前方后圆形状。其前面的方形部分，由前后相连的三进院落组成。

第一进院落，前设陵门一座。其制为单檐歇山顶的宫门式建筑，面阔显五间，檐下额枋、飞子、檐椽及单昂三踩式斗拱均系琉璃构件;其下辟有三个红券门。陵门之前建有月台，左右建有随墙式角门(已拆除并封塞)。院内，明朝时建有神厨(居左)、神库(居右)各五间，神厨之前建有碑亭一座。神厨、神库均毁于清代中期，碑亭则保存至今。

第二进院落，前面设殿门一座，名为祾恩门。据《太常续考》等文献记载，天寿山诸陵陵殿名为“祾恩殿”，殿门名之为“祾恩门”，始于嘉靖十七年(1538年)，是世宗朱厚熜亲易佳名。其中，“祾”字取“祭而受福”之意，“恩”字取“罔极之恩”意，长陵棱恩门，为单檐歇山顶形制，面阔五间(通阔31.44米)，进深二间(通深14.37米)，正脊顶部距地面高14.57米。檐下斗拱为单翘重昂七踩式，其平身科斗拱耍头的后尾作斜起的杆状，与宋清做法皆不相同。室内明间、次间各设板门一道，稍间封以墙体。其中明间板门之上安有华带式榜额，书“祾恩门”三金字。“稜”字系后世修葺时误写。门下承以旱白玉栏杆围绕的须弥座式台基。其栏杆形制，为龙凤雕饰的望柱，和宝瓶、三幅云式的栏板。台基四角及各栏杆望柱之下，各设有排水用的石雕螭首(龙头)。台基前后则各设有三出踏跺式台阶。其中路台阶间的御路石上雕刻的浅浮雕图案十分精美：下面是海水江牙云腾浪涌，海水中宝山矗立，两匹海马跃出水面凌波奔驰;上面是两条矫健的巨龙在云海中升降飞腾，追逐火珠，呈现出一派波澜壮阔的雄伟景象。

祾恩门两侧还各有掖门一座，均作随墙式琉璃花门，门上的斗拱、额枋，门顶的瓦饰、椽飞均为黄绿琉璃件组装，在红墙的映衬下格外分明。院内，北面正中位置建有高大巍峨的祾恩殿。这座大殿在明清两代，是用于供奉帝后神牌(牌位)和举行上陵祭祀活动的地方。

明定陵

明定陵是明代第十三位皇帝神宗显皇帝朱翊钧(年号万历)的陵墓。这里还葬有他的两个皇后。该陵坐落在大峪山下，位于长陵西南方，建于1584～1590年(万历十二年至万历十八年)。主要建筑有祾恩门、祾恩殿、宝城、明楼和地下宫殿等。占地1820xx平方米。它是十三陵中唯一一座被发掘了的陵墓。定陵地宫可供游人参观。

定陵早在万历帝生前就开始营建，万历十二年(公元1584年)开工，历时6年方完成，耗银八百万两。陵墓建成时皇帝只有28岁，直到1620xx年才正式启用。定陵成为十三陵中最大的三座陵园之一。它的地面建筑共占18万平方米，前有宽阔院落三进，后有高大宝城一座。陵正门前方是三卒汉白玉石桥。过了桥是高大的碑亭。亭周围有祠祭署、宰牲亭、定陵监等建筑物300多间。再往后就是陵园最外面的围墙-外罗城(围墙外的围墙)。

陵宫的总体布局亦呈前方后圆之形。其外围是一道将宝城、宝城前方院一包在内的“外罗城”。城内面积约18万平方米。清梁份《帝陵图说》对这道外城成做过这样的描述：“铺地墙基，其石皆文石，滑泽如新，微尘不能染。左右长垣琢为山水、花卉、龙凤、麒麟、海马、龟蛇之壮(状)，莫不宛然逼肖，真巧夺天工也。”又谓：“覆墙黄同瓦瓦，刻砖为斗拱，檐牙玲珑嵌空，光莹如玉石。甲申之变，寸寸毁之，而不能尽毁也。”外罗城仅前部正当中轴线位置设宫门一座，即陵寝第一道门。其制，黄瓦、朱扉、设券门三道。

外罗城内，偏后部位为宝城。宝城之前，在外罗城内设有三进方形的院落。

第一进院落，前设单檐歇山顶式陵门一座，制如外罗城门，为陵寝第二道门，又称重门。其左右各设有随墙式掖门一道。院落之内无建筑设施，院落之前(外罗城之内)左侧建有神厨三间，右侧建有神库三间。

第二进院落，前墙之间设祾恩门。其制面阔五间(通阔26.47米)，进深二间(通深11.46米)，下承一层须弥座式台基。台基之上龙凤望柱头式的石栏杆及大小螭首设置齐备。前后还各设有三出踏跺式台阶。

第三进院落，前墙间建有陵园最主要的殿宇——祾恩殿。其形制为重檐顶，面阔七间(通阔50.6米)，进深五间(通深28.1米)，下承须弥座式台基一层，围栏雕饰同祾恩门。台基前部出有月台。月台前设三出踏跺式台阶，左右各设一出。殿有后门，故台基的后面亦设踏跺式台阶一出。其中，后面一出踏跺及月台前中间一出踏跺设有御路石雕。刻龙凤戏珠(左升龙，右降凤)及海水江牙图案。祾恩殿左右各设随墙式掖门一座。院内沿中轴线设有两柱牌楼门(棂星门)一座、石几筵一套。牌楼门的两柱作出头式，白石雕成、截面为方形，顶部雕坐龙，前后戗以石抱鼓。石几筵，由石供案和石供器组成。石供案作须弥座式，石供器由香炉(一座)、烛台(二座)、花瓶(二座)组成。形制如长、永等陵。

由于宝城的隧道门设于宝城墙的右前方，帝后棺椁在享殿(祾恩殿)内举行“安神礼”后，必须途经外罗城内能进入宝城的隧道门入葬玄宫，同时考虑到建筑设计的对称性，在第三进院落左右两墙又对称地设有随墙式掖门各一座。

此外，定陵外罗城之前，左侧还建有宰性亭、祠祭署，右侧建有神宫监、神马房等附属建筑。定陵卫的营房则建于昌平城内。其中，定陵祠祭署的建筑布局是，中为公座(办公用的正厅)，后为官舍，前为门。神宫监有重门厅室，房屋多至300余间。

明昭陵

明昭陵位于大峪山东麓，是明朝第十二代皇帝穆宗庄皇帝朱载垕(年号隆庆)及其三位皇后的合葬陵寝。昭陵是十三陵中第一座大规模复原修葺的陵园，也是陵区正式开放的旅游景点之一。

昭陵陵园建筑面积为35000平方米，现存有完整的祾恩门、祾恩殿及其东西配殿，和方城、明楼、宝顶等。这里埋葬有明朝第十二帝穆宗朱载垕和他的三位皇后。

明朝灭亡后，昭陵先后遭到两次破坏。公元1644年，战乱中明楼遭火焚;清朝康熙三十四年(1695年)三月五日，大雨滂沱，雷电交加，陵恩殿和两庑配殿又遭雷击起火，陵卒拼命扑救，只救下了两庑配殿，陵恩殿被彻底烧毁。随着岁月的推移，到了乾隆年间，两庑配殿和陵恩门又相继残坏。乾隆五十至五十二年(1785-1787年)，清政府为缓和民族矛盾，重新修葺明十三陵。昭陵也在修葺之中。从遗址分析，当时修葺的项目只有明楼、棱恩门、棱恩殿三项工程。这次重修，虽然使陵园制度稍趋完备，但却改变了原有建筑的规制。

明楼的斗拱，依明朝制度各陵均为上檐单翘重昂七踩斗拱，下檐重昂五踩斗拱。而修葺后的昭陵却变成了上下檐均为单翘单昂五踩斗拱。明楼内还增加了条石券顶。棱恩门、棱恩殿虽然重建时间数没有大的变动，但都缩小了尺度。棱恩殿，原制面阔五间(30.38米)，进深四间(16.77米);清代重建后，面阔间数没有改变，尺度却缩小为23.3米。进深改为三间，尺度缩小为11.92米。棱恩门，原为面阔三间(18.44米)，进深二间(8.04米);清代重建后面阔缩小为12.52米，进深缩小为6.77米。陵内的两庑配殿和陵前的神功圣德碑亭不仅没有重建，而且残垣断壁也被拆除。只在碑石周围旧亭基上修建了一周宇墙。此后，长达220xx年的时间里一直没有修缮。昔日壮丽的陵园建筑满目凄凉，只剩下残坏的明楼和陵墙了。

明永陵

明永陵位于阳翠岭南麓，是明朝第十一代皇帝世宗肃皇帝朱厚熜(年号嘉靖)及陈氏、方氏、杜氏三位皇后的合葬陵寝。

永陵大约经过7-20xx年的经营，永陵营建大体告成。建成后的永陵与前七陵相较，确有两大独特之处。

首先，是规模宏大。在古代，陵园规模的大小，取决于陵园殿庑、明楼及宝城规则。按照《大明会典》的记载，永陵宝城直径为81丈，裬恩殿为重檐七间，左右配殿各九间，其规制仅次于长陵，而超过献、景、裕、茂、泰、康六陵制度。其裬恩门面阔五间则与长陵相等，其后仅定陵与之同制。

另外，永陵的方院和宝城之外，还有一道前七陵都没有的外罗城，其制“壮大，甃石之缜密精工，长陵规画之心思不及也”。外罗城之内，左列神厨，右列神库各五间，还仿照深宫永巷之制，建有东西长街。古人设计了外罗城，以便将皇妃们埋葬于外罗城之内，其布葬的位置则拟在宝山城之外，明楼之前，亦即明楼前左右宫墙之外，左右相向，依次而袝。后来，世宗的皇妃们的墓窒虽然没有按原议定的方案，修在外罗城内，但外罗城则按原定计划修建了。

明献陵

献陵是明朝第四位皇帝仁宗昭皇帝朱高炽(洪熙)和皇后张氏的陵寝，就位于天寿山西峰之下，长陵的旁边，目前封闭没有开放。

陵寝制度确实比较俭朴。其神道从长陵神道北五空桥北分出，长约1公里。途中建有单空石桥一座。路面为中铺城砖，两侧墁碎石为散水，十分俭朴。其朝向为南偏西200，占地仅4.2万平方米左右。其陵殿、两庑配殿、神厨均各为5间，而且都是单檐建筑;门楼(祾恩门)则仅为3间;城下券门改为更简单的直通前后的形式。照壁则因之不设于券洞内而设于方城之后，墓冢之前。上登明楼的礓石察 量路则改为设于宝城之内的方城左右两侧。由于献陵陵制不追求奢华，所以，前人在述及明陵时有“献陵最朴，景陵最小”之说，它为此后的明陵建筑树立了楷模。

明献陵还有一个特点，这就是祾恩殿和方城明楼在院落上彼此不相连属。前面以祾恩殿为主，建有一进院落，殿前左右建两庑配殿和神帛炉。院的正门，是祾恩门，也即陵园的大门，门前出大月台，院后设单座门一道。后面以宝城、明楼为主，前出一进院落。院内建两柱棂星门、石供案。院门为三座单檐歇山顶的琉璃花门。二院之间，隔一座小土山(影壁山)。

明庆陵

明庆陵，位于北京昌平天寿山陵内黄山寺二岭南麓，是明朝第十四代皇帝光宗贞皇帝朱常洛(年号泰昌)和皇后郭氏、王氏、刘氏的合葬陵寝。

庆陵的地下玄宫自天启元年(公元1620xx年)三月定穴营建，七月二十九日合龙门，历时四个月，耗帑银150万两。且工程质量精细，除玄宫全部用石料外，其“后、中、前殿”，有“重门相隔”。天启六年(公元1620xx年)地面建筑完工。其陵园建筑由神道、陵宫及陵宫外附属建筑三部分组成。神道上建单空石桥一座。近陵处建神功圣德碑亭遗作，亭内竖碑，螭首龟跌，无字。

陵宫建筑总体布局呈前方后圆形状，占地约2.76万平方米。前面有两进方院，彼此不相连接，在二进院落之间有神道相连，并于第一进院落后建单空石桥三座。第一进院落，以祾恩门为陵门，单檐歇山顶，面阔三间。院内建祾恩殿及左右配殿，各五间。神帛炉两座。第二进院落，前设三座门，内建两柱牌楼门及石供案，案上摆放石质香炉一，驻泰、花瓶各二，方院之后为圆形宝城，在宝城入口处建有方形城台，城台之上建重檐歇山式明楼。楼内竖圣号碑，上刻“大明”“光宗贞皇帝之陵”。明楼后宝城内满填黄土，中央夯筑上小下大的圆柱形体为宝顶，底部直径约28米。冢前拦土墙与宝城墙等高，并与宝城城台及两侧墙体围成一个平面近于“月牙”形状的院落——哑巴院，院内有随墙式琉璃照壁。零工外还有一些附属建筑，如宰牲亭、神厨、神库、祠祭署、神宫监、朝房、果园、榛厂、神马房等。

明茂陵

明茂陵，位于裕陵右侧的聚宝山下，是明朝第八代皇帝宪宗纯皇帝朱见深(年号成化)和王氏、纪氏、邵氏三位皇后的合葬陵寝。

位于裕陵右侧的聚宝山下，是明朝第八帝宪宗纯皇帝朱见深(年号成化)和王氏、纪氏、邵氏三位皇后的合葬陵寝。

茂陵的建筑在清初时保存尚好，而且祾恩殿内的陈设也保存较多。顾炎武《昌平山水记》记载顺治、康熙年间茂陵的情况是： “十二陵惟茂陵独完，他陵或仅存御榻，茂陵则簨虡之属犹有存者。”至清朝末年，祾恩门因年久失修已经倒塌，民国年间祾恩殿本已残坏，又被拆毁。其现状情况同裕陵。

明康陵

明康陵，位于金岭(又名莲花山或八宝莲花山)东麓，是明朝第十代皇帝武宗毅皇帝朱厚照(年号正德)和皇后夏氏的合葬陵寝。

建陵用时1年，总体布局沿袭前制，呈前方后圆形状。该陵建于正德十六年(1520xx年)，占地2.7万平方米。明末，康陵曾遭到烧毁，在清朝乾隆年间，曾被整修。

明景陵

明景陵，位于天寿山东峰(又名黑山)之下，是明朝第五代皇帝宣宗章皇帝朱瞻基(年号宣德)与皇后孙氏的合葬陵寝。

其神道从长陵神道北五空桥南向东分出，长约1.5公里，途中建单空石桥一座。陵宫朝向为南偏西55o，占地约2.5万平方米。宝城因地势修成前方后圆的修长形状。前面的二进方院和后面的宝城连成一体。中轴线上依次修建祾恩门、祾恩殿、三座门、棂星门、石供案、方城、明楼等建筑。

景陵内的祾恩殿台基，仍是嘉靖年间改建后的遗物。从遗存的明代殿宇檐柱柱础石分布可以看出，该殿原制面阁五间(31.34米)，进深三间(16.9米)，后有抱厦一间(面阔8.1米，进深4.03米)，前面的御路石雕二龙戏珠图案，比献陵一色云纹，显得更为精致壮观。

祾恩门、祾恩殿的台基上还有清代改建后遗留的柱础石。神功圣德碑亭仅存石碑及台基。

明泰陵

明泰陵，位于笔架山东南麓，这里又称“施家台”，或“史家山”，是明朝第九代皇帝孝宗敬皇帝朱佑樘(年号弘治)及皇后张氏的合葬陵寝。

泰陵陵事的筹划是在明孝宗去世之后。《明武宗实录》记载，武宗即位后，即着手筹办孝宗丧事。礼部左侍郎李杰、钦天监监副倪谦和司礼监太监戴义对武宗说：“茂陵西面有个叫施家台的地方，是个建陵的吉地，大行皇帝的陵寝可以在那营建。”工科右给事中许天锡也向武宗建议，派廷臣中精通风水术的人，前去复视一次。他还提议：“如有疑，亟移文江西等处。广求术士，博访名山，务得主势之强，风气之聚，水土之深、穴法之正、力量之全，如宋儒朱熹所云着，庶可安奉神灵，为国家祈天永命之助。”礼部亦赞成这个提议。于是，武宗命太监扶安、李兴、覃观及礼部右侍郎王华等人前往施家台看视，最后确定在那里营建孝宗陵寝。

弘治十八年六月五日，陵园正式兴工，并定陵名为泰陵。太监李兴、新宁伯谭佑、工部左侍郎李鐩提督工程，五军都督府及三大营官军上万人供役，历时四月，玄宫落成，于该年十月十九日午刻将孝宗葬入陵内。正德元年(1520xx年)三月二十二日，陵园的地面建筑也全部告成。

泰陵在清康熙时有的建筑即已残坏。《帝陵图说》记泰陵祾恩门情况，“今左右两门坏，垒石以塞门”。此后，清乾隆五十至五十二年(1785-1787年)陵园建筑曾经修葺，修葺情况除三座门由琉璃花门改建成砖砌冰盘檐式门楼外，余同茂陵。其现状较茂陵残坏最为严重。

明朝弘治皇帝朱佑樘还是中国封建社会皇帝中唯一一个只有一个女人的皇帝。

折叠明德陵

明德陵位于潭峪岭西麓，是明朝第十五代皇帝熹宗折皇帝朱由校(年号天启)和皇后张氏的合葬陵寝。

熹宗朱由校，光宗长子，万历三十三年(公元1620xx年)十一月十四日生。泰昌元年(公元1620xx年)九月六日即皇帝位，次年改元天启。天启七年(公元1620xx年)八月二十二日去世，谥“达天阐道敦孝笃友章文襄武靖穆庄勤zhe皇帝”，享年23岁。崇祯元年(公元1620xx年)三月八日葬德陵。文献记载：熹宗“性至巧，多艺能，尤喜营造”。他曾操斧斤锯凿，自制小楼阁，“雕镂精绝，即巧工亦莫能及”。干得高兴时，甚至解衣裸体，随地盘坐。他“不爱成器，不惜天物”，随意拆改，以供片时之乐。

皇后张氏，熹宗原配。河南祥符人，太康伯张国纪之女。天启元年(公元1620xx年)四月被册立为皇后。崇祯十七年(公元1644年)李自成农民军入城时自缢。南明弘光朝为她上尊谥“孝哀皇后”。顺治元年(公元1644年)，清朝王朝将她葬入德陵。

明裕陵

位于天寿山西峰石门山南麓，是明朝第六位皇帝英宗朱祁镇和皇后钱氏、周氏的合葬陵寝。

明英宗朱祁镇，宣宗长子。宣德二年(1420xx年)十一月十一日生，三年(1420xx年)二月六日立为皇太子，十年(1435年)正月十日即皇帝位，次年改元正统。

天顺八年(1464年)正月十七日，英宗去世，谥“法天立道仁明诚敬昭文宪武至德广孝睿皇帝”。临终遗诏止殉，结束了宫人殉葬的残酷制度。五月，陵寝玄宫建成，八月，英宗葬裕陵。

孝庄睿皇后钱氏，英宗元配，海州人，都指挥佥事(后封安昌伯)钱贵女。正统七年(1442年)立为皇后。十四年(1449年)，英宗被瓦剌部所俘，为迎英宗回朝，她把自己宫中的全部资财输出，每天悲哀地呼天号地，祈求神灵保佑英宗。累了就就地而卧，以致伤残了一条腿。终日哭泣，又哭瞎了一只眼睛。

宪宗即位，尊为皇太后，加“慈懿”徽号。成化四年(1468年)六月二十六日，钱氏病故。谥“孝庄献穆弘惠显仁恭天钦圣睿皇后”。九月四日葬裕陵。

孝肃后周氏，宪宗生母，昌平州文宁里柳林村(今属北京市海淀区)人，锦衣卫千户追封庆云侯赠宁国公周能的女儿。正统十二年(1447年)生宪宗皇帝，天顺元年(1457年)册封为贵妃。宪宗即位，尊为皇太后。成化二十三年(1487年)加尊号“圣慈仁寿”。孝宗即位后，尊为太皇太后。弘治十七年(1520xx年)三月一日去世，谥“孝肃贞顺康懿光烈辅天承圣太皇太后”。四月十八日葬裕陵。

明思陵

思陵约建于1642年，本是思宗宠妃田贵妃之妃园寝。明朝灭亡后，李自成命人将明思宗及皇后周氏合葬于田贵妃之墓，为拢络人心并改名思陵，使思陵成为明十三陵中唯一一座帝后与妃嫔合葬之陵，而相较于明朝诸陵，思陵的规模也较小。思陵附近亦有明思宗贴身太监王承恩陪葬墓，清顺治帝、康熙帝亦曾为王承恩立碑以嘉许其贞忠殉主。

清朝灭亡后，思陵屡逢劫难，残毁十分严重。地下墓室曾先后两次被当地土匪盗发。1947年，国民党军队为修炮楼，又大规模地拆毁陵园地面建筑。思陵已是满目凄凉，只有坟冢、楼殿遗址、石雕五供、碑石作为珍贵文物保存下来。

中华人民共和国成立后，国家十分重视文物保护工作，思陵得到应有保护。明思陵，虽然没有金碧辉煌的殿宇楼台，但古陵残碑，松涛阵阵，仍别有一番意境。特别是残存下来的石雕艺术品，构思奇妙，雕工精细。

陪葬陵墓

明十三陵的陪葬墓共有8座，其中7座妃子(太子)墓，1座太监墓。

分别是：

东井、西井：一说是明成祖十六妃殉葬墓，一说是明成祖昭献贵妃王氏和昭顺贤妃喻氏的陪葬墓，期待考古发掘的考证。

万娘坟：即“万贵妃墓”，葬明宪宗皇贵妃万氏。

悼陵：即“世宗三妃墓”，俗称大宫。葬明世宗的皇贵妃沈氏、文贵妃、卢靖妃。

世宗贤妃墓：即“世宗六妃、二太子墓”或“四妃、二太子墓”。葬明世宗的郑贤妃、皇贵妃阎氏、皇贵妃王氏、周贵妃、杨荣妃、马贞妃、哀冲太子、庄敬太子。

郑贵妃墓：葬明神宗的皇贵妃郑氏。

神宗四妃墓：葬明神宗的皇贵妃李氏(即李敬妃)、李顺妃、周端妃、刘昭妃(即宣懿太妃)。

王承恩墓：葬明思宗崇祯皇帝的心腹太监王承恩。

神路

明十三陵神路神路是明十三陵的第一个景点，由石牌坊，大红门，碑楼，石象生，龙凤门等组成。

石牌坊

明十三陵 石牌坊为陵区前的第一座建筑物，建于1540年(嘉靖十九年)。牌坊结构为五楹、六柱、十一楼，全部用汉白玉雕砌，在额枋和柱石的上下，刻有龙、云图纹及麒麟、狮子等浮雕。这些图纹上原来曾饰有各色彩漆，因年代久远，现已剥蚀净尽。整个牌坊结构恢宏，雕刻精美，反映了明代石质建筑工艺的卓越水平。

过了石牌坊，即可看到在神道左、右有两座小山。东为龙山(也叫蟒山)，形如一条奔越腾挪的苍龙;西为虎山(俗称虎峪)，状似 一只伏地警觉的猛虎。中国古代道教有“左青龙，右白虎”为祥瑞之兆的传 说，“龙”、“虎”分列左右，威严地守卫着十三陵的大门。

大红门

神路景点(2)大红门坐落于陵区的正南面，门分三洞，又名大宫门，为陵园的正门。大门两旁原各竖一通石碑，上刻"官员人等至此下马"字样。凡是前来祭陵的人，都必须从此步入陵园，以显示皇陵的无上尊严。大门两侧原设有两个角门，并连接着长达80华里的红色围墙。在蜿蜒连绵的围墙中，另设有一座小红门和十个出入口，均派有重兵驻守，是百姓不可接近的禁地。现在这些围墙都早已坍塌，有些残迹尚依稀可辨。

大红门后的大道，叫神道，也称陵道。起于石牌坊，穿过大红门，一直通向长陵，原为长陵而筑，但后来便成了全陵区的主陵道了。该道纵贯陵园南北，全长7公里，沿线设有一系列建筑物，错落有致，蔚为壮观。

碑亭

位于神道中央，是一座歇山重檐、四出翘角的高大方形亭楼，为长陵所建。亭内竖有龙首龟趺石碑一块，高6米多。上题"大明长陵神功圣德碑"，碑文长达3500多字，是明仁宗朱高炽撰文，明初著名书法家程南云所书。该碑碑文作于1420xx年(洪熙元年)，碑石却是1435年(宣德十年)才刻成的。在碑阴面还刻有清代乾隆皇帝写的《哀明陵十三韵》。碑文详细记录了长、永、定、思诸陵的残破情况。碑东侧是清廷修明陵的花费记录。西侧是嘉庆帝论述明代灭亡的原因。 碑亭四隅立有4根白石华表，其顶部均蹲有一只异兽，名为望天犭孔。华表和碑亭相互映衬，显得十分庄重浑厚。 在碑亭东侧，原建有行宫，为帝后前来祀陵时的更衣处，现已无存。

石雕群

是陵前放置的石雕人、兽，古称石像生(石人又称翁仲)。从碑亭北的两根六角形的石柱起，至龙凤门止的千米神道两旁，整齐地排列着24只石兽和12个石人，造型生动，雕刻精细，深为游人所喜爱。其数量之多，形体之大，雕琢之精，保存之好，是古代陵园中罕见的。 石兽共分6种，每种4只，均呈两立两跪状。将它们陈列于此，赋有一定含义。例如，雄狮威武，而且善战;獬豸为传说中的神兽，善辨忠奸，惯用头上的独角去顶触邪恶之人。狮子和獬豸均是象征守陵的卫士。麒麟，为传说中的"仁兽"，表示吉祥之意。骆驼和大象，忠实善良，并能负重远行。骏马善于奔跑，可为坐骑。 石人分勋臣、文臣和武臣，各4尊，为皇帝生前的近身侍臣，均为拱手执笏的立像，威武而虔诚。 在皇陵中设置这种石像生，早在两千多年前的秦汉时期就有了。主要起装饰点缀作用，以象征皇帝生前的仪威，表示皇帝死后在阴间也拥有文武百官及各种牲畜可供驱使，仍可主宰一切。

棂星门

棂星门又叫龙风门。由四根石柱构成三个门洞，门柱类似华表，柱上有云板、异兽。在三个门额枋上的中央部分，还分别饰有一颗石雕火珠，因而该门又称“火焰牌坊”。龙凤门西北侧，原建有行宫，是帝后祭陵时的歇息之处。

简单的北京明十三陵导游词5篇(五)

明十三陵位于北京昌平区天寿山，因明代迁都北京后有十三位皇帝埋葬于此，故称十三陵。明十三陵自永乐年间建长陵至今已有近620xx年的历史，它用一条总神道、一座石牌坊、一组石像生，把整个陵区联系在了一起，形成了一个整体，是世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝较多的帝王陵墓群。

明永乐年间，明成祖朱棣的皇后徐氏去世，朱棣命礼部尚书和一名江西术士前往北京一代卜选陵址。大概两年后，选中了今昌平区康家庄楼子营一带。这一带青山环抱，绿水长流。北面的“龙脉”奔腾而来，气势磅礴。至此三峰并峙，山前一马平川，蟒山绕其左，虎峪踞其右。外围重峦叠嶂，如“万骑簇拥，千官侍从”。正是风水理论中的“山川大聚”之势，真正只有帝王才配享用的宝地。朱棣亲临阅视后十分满意，封其山为“万寿山”，选择吉日，动工兴建。永乐十?

Yong hui in the tang dynasty three years (AD 652), xuan zang wizard for sacrifice from India to Buddha, andother and classic Sanskrit, in temple west DaYuan 2-foot-tall tower built a five layer. Contrary to baoji famen temple tower by adding, wild goose pagoda is a temple built tower. During wu zetian changan reconstruction. Then after a lot of dressing. Wild goose pagoda is the famous tourist attraction in the tang dynasty, and therefore have a lot of literati, words, title of the Ming and qing dynasty which alone there are more than two hundred. Big wild goose pagoda in the temple is the tang dynasty monk xuan zang specializing in translation and the scriptures. Buddhist sutras introduced from tianzhu master xuan zang, once conducted temple in the temple service, with "fear generation who, after the loss, and difficult to fire" and make appropriate arrangements via like sarira, citing is outside a temple was built stone tower a, hence march Tang Yonghui three years (AD 652) attached to the chart to write. The emperor tang planning FuTu total 45 zhangs by xuan zang, with enormous project to achievement, and unwilling to mage toil, citing court grant funding 2-foot-tall tower built in the temple west yuan five layer. Wild goose pagoda, this tower due later in changan jianfu temple built a small wild goose pagoda, the temple tower was called wild goose pagoda, jianfu temple tower was called the small wild goose pagoda, has spread so far. Imitation of the western regions of great wild goose pagoda Su slope shape, wall brick surface soil core, not climbing, each layer sarira. Master xuan zang personally presided over a tower, built in two years. For brick topsoil heart, wind and rain erosion, more than 50 years after the tower gradually collapse.

Wu zetian changan years (AD 701-701), the queen Wu zetian and nobility, give money to build on the site, for seven new layer, the blue brick flies in the tower (another story, 704 AD as of great wild goose pagoda, tower increased to 10 layers. In 931 AD, when the later tang dynasty five dynasties period to rebuilding, wild goose pagoda to seven layers). After tang dynasty, temple temple by repeated warfare, the house burned down, only the wild goose pagoda alone.

In 931 AD (five generations of the later tang dynasty changxing two years) repair again for wild goose pagoda. Later in a large earthquake happened in xi an region, the wild goose pagoda tower fell, the tower shatter. (the original tower 11 floors) said "the second tablet" quiet st.

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春天，沉睡了一冬的湖水静悄悄的醒来，复绿的碧草、初绽的百花倒映在悠悠湖面，湖边鸭雁纷飞百鸟鸣唱，天鹅在湖面梳妆照影。漠漠大湖烟波浩淼、渔帆点点，鱼儿在水底摆尾追随。

夏日，百里湖面碧波万倾，满塘荷花香溢四野，渔歌婉转，橹声咿呀，更添流云鹤影。湖畔的蒲苇在微风中摇摆着枝叶轻歌漫舞，嬉戏的鱼儿不时跃出水面，偷窥着绿柳红花的湖畔秀色。20__年打造的首届“查干湖莲花节”，深受好评。演出以马头琴、查干湖风情、莲花歌舞为主，充分反映查干湖的文化特点和民族风情，是查干湖致力打造的全新精品旅游节庆活动。

秋天，浩淼的查干湖气爽风轻大野悠悠，芦花扑面雁阵南归，秋阳为湖畔的万物镀上了金色的外衣更显雍容富丽，美丽的查干湖又增添了几分塞北风光的雄浑与壮美。

最具特色的是查干湖的冬季，银装素裹的查干湖像一块硕大的碧玉镶嵌在飞雪茫茫的北国，冰面上一串串冬捕的爬犁往来穿梭，高亢激越的劳动号子驱散了严冬的寒冷，沉甸甸的大网拉出了鳞光耀眼的鲜鱼，勾画出冬日查干湖的壮观景象。每天天不亮，朴实勤劳的查干淖尔渔夫就戴着狗皮帽子，穿着羊皮袄，赶着马爬犁，带着原始的冬网捕捞工具赶往大湖的深处，在朦朦的夜色里选址、凿冰、布网，开始了一天的忙碌。

晨曦中，冰层下的鱼群似乎还在香甜的酣睡，坚冰的脆裂声、渔工的号子声、马匹的嘶叫声，绞盘的吱扭声就已此起彼伏。渔夫们转眼间已凿出了几百个冰洞，千米巨网已如蛟龙般潜入冰下，又从几百米外的出网口缓缓拉出冰面，万尾鲜鱼随之而出，瞬间就在冰面上堆积成一座座“鱼山”。“万尾鲜鱼冰上劲舞”的丰收壮观场面让旷野冰川沸腾了!查干湖淖尔渔夫用劳动和智慧创造并保存着的原始冬网冰下捕鱼方式是人类原始渔猎文化的活化石。20__年，“查干湖冬捕习俗”被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。

查干湖冬捕，又誉为冰湖腾鱼。是一年一度的“中国吉林查干湖冰雪渔猎文化旅游节”最壮观的一项节庆内容，每年的12月下旬开始(开网)，至次年的1月下旬结束(收网)，鲜鱼年产量可达百万公斤，先后于20__年、20__年和20__年以单网冰下捕捞10.45万公斤、16.8万公斤和26万公斤三创“规模最大的冬网捕鱼”的吉尼斯世界纪录。

查干湖冬捕历史由来已久，早在辽金时期就享有盛名。

辽代自圣宗起，直至天祚帝，每年都要带领群臣嫔妃，千里迢迢从京城来到查干湖巡幸、春猎。他们在湖面凿冰捕鱼，用皇帝亲自钓上来的“头鱼”在岸边大摆“头鱼宴”，因为初春的湖鱼最鲜、最肥、最香。当春风吹绿郭尔罗斯草原的时候，查干湖畔大雁鸣、天鹅叫、百鸟咽啾。此时的帝王们又开始放鹰搭箭捕捉天鹅、大雁，辽帝亲自放飞的“海东青”捕来的头鹅被用来举行“头鹅宴”，君臣们在湖畔歌舞狂欢，饮酒作乐，直至春尽方还。由此可以想象当年查干湖那种恢宏壮观的场面。

神秘的八角鼓激荡着古老的梦幻，不但留下历代帝王亲临查干湖的千古佳话，也传承下来神秘、神奇、神圣的查干湖“冬捕祭湖”与“头鱼宴”的习俗。

“祭湖醒网”仪式是查干湖冬捕中最神秘的一个环节，整个祭祀过程极具民族特色和神秘色彩，是中国北方渔猎文化的代表，主要有跳查玛舞、诵佛经、鱼把头唱祭词、祭祀天父地母和湖神、喝壮行酒等活动。被业内专家学者称为“最后的渔猎部落”、“地球上与青藏高原一样珍贵的一块原地”、“北纬45度线以北绝无仅有的活态冰雪渔猎文化遗存”。

为了让更多的游客观赏到神秘壮观的查干湖冬捕，从20__年开始，每年12月底，查干湖都要举办规模盛大的冰雪渔猎文化旅游节。按照传统习俗，每年冬捕前都要进行祭湖醒网仪式。

查干湖旅游度假区以大湖湿地、草原风光、蒙古族风情、查干湖文化为特色，已经成为吉林省著名景区。区内分设度假区中心区、草原风光和蒙古族风情旅游区、水上娱乐休闲区、野餐野营区、湿地生态旅游区、农业观光区、石油产业观光区等7个旅游功能区，可看、可游、可玩、可赏、可参与，综合服务性功能极强。

大家不仅可以欣赏500多平方公里海一样开阔的大水面、绿海如涛的芦苇荡、遮天蔽日的鸥鸟雁鸭，还可以参观藏传佛教寺院——妙因寺、全国第三处成吉思汗纪念馆——成吉思汗召、《圣水湖畔》拍摄基地、异地重建的郭尔罗斯王爷府、独具特色的渔猎文化博物馆;不仅有怡然自乐的竹筏漂流、水上自行车、脚踏船，还有高速刺激的快艇;不仅可以骑骆驼、骑马、骑双人自行车慢慢欣赏风景，还可以乘坐电瓶车、自驾车游览观光;不仅可以参与骑马、射箭、投布鲁，还可以到省内唯一一家民用射击场感受真枪实弹的刺激。

冬季到查干湖可以滑冰、滑雪、冰钓，乘坐马爬犁或驱车在冰上驰骋，欣赏冰天一色的大湖面，观赏世界奇观——查干湖冬捕，参与凿冰、下网、拉网、捞鱼，体验渔民生活，感受一网打出几十万斤鱼的惊喜和刺激。到查干湖还可以品尝全鱼宴、全羊宴、农家宴，晚上围着篝火，吃着烤全羊、炒米，喝着奶茶美酒，欣赏着蒙古族歌舞，绝对是不折不扣的民俗之旅、风光之旅、文化之旅、体验之旅。

Hello, everyone. Welcome to Chaohu, the beautiful "great garden of centralAnhui". Im Wang Bing, the tour guide of Anhui travel agency. Today Ill showyou the dreamlike world in pictures and the dreamlike water town. When I meetyou for the first time, how about reciting a poem to help you have fun?

Chaohu Lake is like an inkstone, with Gushan as its ink mill. Laoshan islike a sheeps brush, which is enough to write the green sky eight line script.What about? Is it domineering? Ha ha, dont be fooled by Xiao Wang. Thismagnificent seven character poem is not written by me. It comes from LiHongzhang, a famous person in Hefei. What is the beauty of his poetry? Lets goto the bottom together!

On the way to Chaohu, Id like to tell you a beautiful legend: we all knowthat Chaohu is named because it looks like a birds nest, but do you know theorigin of its other name "Jiaohu"? According to the records of Soushenji, Chaohuwas a state in ancient times. One year, there was a severe drought. Xiaobailongsecretly rained to eliminate the drought. He broke the heavenly rule and wasbeaten down. He met grandma Jiao to help him. In return for Jiaos help, XiaoBailong tells the emperor of heaven that he will sink into Chaohu Lake. WhenJiao gets the news, she runs around and tells the people of Chaohu Lake thatthey are saved. But Jiaos mother and daughter delayed their escape by tellingthe neighbors, and they were engulfed by the torrential flood. Later generationsadmired Jiaos noble character of sacrificing herself to save others, so theynamed the lake "Jiao Lake" and a mountain in the lake "Lao Mountain".

We look out of the window. Now the water area that comes into our eyes isChaohu Lake. As a matter of fact, Chaohu Lake is a faulted lake. As early asJurassic and Cretaceous, the strata around Chaohu Lake were faulted, whichhindered the water flow in the eastern Piedmont of Dabie Mountain in WesternChina and formed a vast water surface. After tens of millions of years ofcrustal movement and sediment deposition, about 15000 years ago, todays ChaohuLake was formed. It covers an area of more than 800 square kilometers, known as"eight hundred Li Lake sky", and is also one of the five largest freshwaterlakes in China.

Chaohu scenic spot is a national key scenic spot, mainly includingZhongmiao, Laoshan and Yinping mountain. Now when we get off the bus, we come toZhongmiao and Laoshan Scenic spots, which are the most concentrated andcharacteristic scenic spots. It is a tourist scenic spot integrating lake,mountain, island, tower, temple and temple. First of all, lets take a look atZhongmiao, which is named after its location between Hefei and Chaoxian. TheZhongmiao temple was first built in the Han Dynasty and has a history of morethan 20__ years. And its most brilliant time was "Jiuhua in the south, Zhongmiaoin the north", which was very popular. During the important festivals, thepilgrimage team reached dozens of miles. Lets have a look at the bluestonesteps under our feet. Thats the famous shibada. Only by passing it can we cometo the big temple of Zhongmiao. It is said that this place was originally aTaoist temple. At the beginning of the temple, what was worshiped was BixiaYuanjun, which is now the "Empress of the temple". By the Wei, Jin, southern andNorthern Dynasties, Buddhism began to prevail, Taoism gradually declined, so theoriginal Taoist temple gradually became a Buddhist temple.

Walking through the temple, you can see that there are three islands in thelake in the distance, and the biggest one is Laoshan, which is about 3000 metersaway from the temple. Although it is only 4000 meters around the island, thereare three mountains and nine peaks, with many historic sites. Among them, themost famous is the three antiques of Laoshan: ancient pagoda, ancient temple andancient boat pond. There is another story about the ancient pagoda: the ancientpagoda was built in the late Ming Dynasty, but it was not completed due to theoutbreak of the nongming uprising. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu of theQing Dynasty, local gentry lobbied Li Hongzhang to say, "with the tip of LaoshanMountain, Luzhou came out first." Li Hongzhang was very happy to hear that, andordered to raise funds to build the pagoda and named it "Wenfeng pagoda".Standing on the Wenfeng tower, you can also see huazangjing temple, an ancienttemple of three ancient times in Zhanmu mountain. Huazangjing temple is anancient temple built in memory of jiaolao, goddess of Chaohu. It was first builtin the Jin Dynasty and rebuilt in the late Qing Dynasty when Wenfeng pagoda wasbuilt. It was renamed "Chaohu Temple" and "SHENGFEI Temple". After seeing thesecond ancient of Laoshan, you must want to know the third ancient boat pond ofLaoshan. This ancient boat pond is the harbor surrounded by huge stones that hitone or two kilos. There are two harbors like this. Do you know why? Because ofthe southeast wind in the first half of the year and the northwest wind in thesecond half of the year, two boat ponds were built. It is the warship haven ofChaohu Navy.

Well, the good time is always short. After tasting the delicacy of "Chaohuthree treasures" silver fish, white shrimp and crab, our trip today is over. Ibelieve that in the near future, I can still lead you to visit Chaohu again andtaste three treasures!