英文导游常用语【最新20篇】

2012年导游实习报告范文

导游服务是旅游服务的一个组成部分，是在旅游活动的发展过程中产生的，随旅游活动的发展而发展。导游服务是一种高智能、高技能的服务工作，它贯穿于旅游活动的全过程。在为期三个月的导游实习中，对于导游服务工作我有了更深的了解。

一、实习概述

实习地点：

实习时间：2012年2月到2012年5月。

实习目的：了解旅行社经营管理过程，掌握导游业务。

实习内容：跟团学习导游带团技能，了解旅行社各部门的工作程序，并独立带团。

二、谈导游

（一）首先我想说说对导游的认识：

导游是种职业，是门技术，是门艺术，是门科学。

导游是一种职业。旅行社是旅游业的一大支柱，导游是旅行社的门面和旗帜，一个好的旅行社必定有好的导游，这些人是旅行社的顶梁柱。导游有专业和业余之分。常言道，“三百六十行，行行出状元”，现在看来是远远不止了。“状元”指某一专业领域内的佼佼者。何为佼佼者？就是在导游工作的各方面都出类拔萃者。干导游这个职业主要表现在思维方式，表达能力，办事效率，应变能力等方面的与众不同。同时还要有职业修养和职业道德。

导游是门技术。任何工作都有自己的专门技术，导游工作也不例外。首先要认真负责。世界上怕就怕“认真”二字，无论什么事，也无论大小，只有“认真”了，才能敢于“负责”。除了“认真”了，还要“熟练”。要“熟”只有一个方法，那就是要多练！知识这个东西是“待到用时方恨少”实习的时候我深有体会。平时要是“拳不离手曲不离口”，到用时才能从容不迫，如数家珍一般。只有“熟”了才能“生巧”。我知道离大家所说的好导游、优秀导游还有很大的距离。

导游也是门艺术。要把着龙头走，上了车我就是老大。我们知道，一条船上只能有一个老大，老大多了船要翻的。正常情况下，首先是要照顾大多数人的利益，不能耽误大家的游程。要掌握节奏：该快就快，该慢就慢，快慢接合。要顺着潮流：看大趋势，要因势利导，适时引导，不能拧着来。要跟着感觉走：感觉好时，尽情发挥；感觉不好时，及时调整。要控制住自己的情感，要掌握分寸，不能乱了方寸。要一专多能：要多才多艺，会说会唱，会跳会喝。如会一些摄影、摄像，书法，绘画等更好，对导游工作将大有帮助。要扬长避短；要即兴发挥，发挥自己的强项，往往能超常发挥。

导游更是门科学。正因为导游是种职业，是门技术，是门艺术，所以它也是种学问，也是门学科。既是学科就要用科学的态度去对待它，研究它。现在我们大学都基本上有导游专业，国家旅游局每年都有导游资格和导游等级考试。做导游的学问很大、很深，不是随随便便就可以学的来，像如何安排路线、食宿、应对突发事件、如何与游客进行沟通等等，这些方面都要成为游客眼中的“百科全书”。

（二）接下来在导游讲解方面，我也总结了几个要点：

首先你得明白游客们想听些什么，想听怎样的讲解。像我们这样的新导游一

上岗总觉得最重要的是背好景区材料，把它们背得烂熟，张口就不会停顿，这就是表示自己已是一个合格的导游了，但是通过几次带团我发现其实完全不是这么回事！专业的导游就是不仅要成为“杂家”，还要成为某一领域或某些方面的专家。“工欲善其事，必先利其器”。要想成为专业的导游，还必须熟练掌握导游语言的基本技能。因为它是我们传播知识、沟通思想、交流感情的强大工具。其中最重要的口头语言表达，这是我们工作中最普遍、最常用的一种语言表达形式。

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一、20xx年工作总结

内观宝石协在弘扬宣传观赏石文化，引导、规范奇石市场，挖掘、保护观赏石资源，发展各盟市观赏石宝玉石协会队伍做了大量工作。

(一) 逐步健全组织，与各盟市协会团结协作共同努力推动内蒙古地区的赏石文化事业产业健康发展

1.加强赏石文化事业宣传、引导。

(1)编印了《内蒙古赏石报》6期，并分发各地，到现在已累计出版18期。

(2)办好《内蒙古观赏石宝玉石网站》(努力提高网站的质量和水平。

(3)协作内蒙古电视台办好《石藏天下》电视栏目。由中石协做顾问，内石协协作，内蒙古电视台播出《石藏天下》 20期，累计30期。

(4)组织编写《宝玉石科普知识》书籍，预计年底出版。

(5)积极参与和支持《 阿拉善奇石》创刊 。

(6)内观宝石协主办、巴彦淖尔市观赏石珠宝玉石协会承办《藏鉴》5期 ，元重举会长被聘为总顾问，为《西部资源》提供赏石稿件。

2、重视基层组织建设。

(1)在指导成立乌兰浩特市成立观赏石协会、白云鄂博区奇石协会、乌拉特后旗奇石协会等基础上，今年又指导成立了包头市、巴彦淖尔市观赏石珠宝玉石协会等。

(2)在乌海市九华集团建立了内蒙古观赏石宝玉石协会活动基地。

(3)与内蒙古质量技术监督局合作在呼和浩特市“百世珍一”和鉴定中心，拟成立珠宝玉石基础知识培训中心，筹备建立宝玉石专业委员会。

(二)团结全区石友，支持帮助各地举办石展，开展赏石活动。

1、协助开展全国赏石日系列活动

按照中石协发[20xxx]010号《关于开展20xx年全国赏石日活动的通知》文件精神，区内各地开展形式多样的8月30日赏石系列活动 ，主要有：

(1)20xx年8月5日到8月8日xx市白云xx区开展国际赏石文化节。期间有奇石精品展、高峰论坛、鉴赏科普讲座及摄影作品展、书画笔会等，特别庆贺的是“千石聚福”世界记录申报鉴定成功。

(2)8月30日xx市举行包头市观赏石宝玉石成立大会，并在8月25日到9月5日举办首届赏石文化博览会，期间有开幕式、奇石精品评比展等。

(3)8月8日到8月30日，巴林右旗举行第十四届巴林石节系列活动，内容有巴林石文化节开幕式，巴林石矿建矿四十周年庆典晚会，巴林石竞价销售，巴林石精品展等。

(4)乌海市在8月30日举行中国赏石日一周年纪念日活动。

通过以上活动，内观宝石协共向中石协上报赏石杰出奉献者10名，后按照要求改为寻找最美赏石奉献者。

2、组织举办赏石沙龙会。

年内，在x市宝石汇、多宝阁、璞石轩、天语茗苑等石馆组织举办了赏石沙龙会，参加人员互相品鉴研讨。

3、协助组织开展其他活动。

(1)9月22日尔市第三届全国奇石文化旅游节和后旗首届戈壁奇石展销会在乌拉特后旗举行，效果很好，引起政府重视，并对玛瑙湖进行有序管理、保护和发展旅游事业有积极的推动作用。

(2)今年9月23日，由委员会、阿拉善奇石协会共同主办的20xx年玉·奇石旅游文化节在开幕。

(3)积极组织协调下，为了开展科普教育基地，丰富当地文化内容，各种奇石展馆、观赏石城在全区各地逐渐扩展，国土系统内，矿物标本和奇石标本博物馆、展览馆逐渐增多。

4、宣传推出区内赏石资源，如巴彦淖尔市的阴山雪玉和二连浩特市的肉石等。

(三)积极完成中石协、中宝协布置的任务

1、协会领导参加了中石协召开的国家标准研讨会、中石协观赏石命名研讨会。

2、积极完成中石协布置的“观赏石主要石种地质属性检测”任务。

研究与编撰《中国石谱》是中石协十二五期间的一项重要工作，为做好此项工作，内石协根据我区观赏石情况，经征求我区专家意见，我区申报地质属性检测的主要观赏石有15种：1. 戈壁石;2.缠丝玛瑙;3葡萄玛瑙;4.沙漠漆石;5.阴山雪玉;6.佘太玉;7.肉石;8.集骨石;9. 泡泡玉;10.风砺石;11.千层石;12.碧玉(红、绿);13.巴林石;14.木纹石;15.沙漠玫瑰。

3、积极组织推荐“中华名石”，“xx名石”，编篡“石谱”，“石谱”，为入谱工作做准备。 参加中石协《中国观赏石图谱》入谱的讨论并主动开展各项工作和庆十八大北京石展任务的布置，参加了黄河九省区石协共同打造黄河石品牌合作会议并签订了协议并积极开展相关工作。

(四)重视培养人才，联合发展

1、积极联系中石协 ，协助在乌海市成功举办了第十七

期观赏石鉴评师培训班。 20xx年5月27日至6月3日xx市成功举办了协组织的全国第十七期观赏石鉴评师培训班，结业学员90名，其中学员65名，约占72%。

2、积极参加世界地球日活动。今年四月二十二日世界地球日，内观宝石协倡导支持活动进大学校园，元重举会长亲自给学生讲观赏石基础知识，收到了良好效果。

3、与外省交流活动。我区与兄弟省市石界的往来活动日渐频繁：

(1)参加了祝贺xx省赏石协会成立大会，等地的奇石宝玉石展销活动等;

(2)应内蒙古驻香港办事处的邀请，定于20xx年12月21日-27日协会代表将赴香港参加内蒙古动植物、奇石及风土人情展;

(3)与珠宝协会联系，20xx年元月10日-14日在展览馆举办由200多家商户的大展团来呼市展出珊瑚、珠宝首饰、海兰宝石等展览会。

(五)积极开展调查自治区观赏石资源状况工作

近期，地调院争取到20xx年自治区地勘基金项目-x自治区图地区观赏石资源调查，费用xx万元。

二、 20xx年工作任务

1、积极建议争取把赏石之美学、赏石文化与草原文化、地区特色文化纳入政府部门的文化发展规划、实施方案中，予以贯彻落实。

2、支持、组织、管理、开展好美石、奇石等文化艺术品展览、展示、展销、拍卖等活动，以推动地方文化产业和经济社会发展。组织一次观赏石精品拍卖会。

3、通过举办各类培训班、专题讲座、国内外业务考察交流等多种形式，培养一批区内的鉴赏、鉴评及雕塑人才。可由内观宝石协、珠宝玉石委员会牵头，筹备成立赏石鉴评中心，完成相关业务。在乌拉特后旗举办一期观赏石鉴评师培训班，专门培训巴彦淖尔市当地石友，提高知识和鉴赏水平。

4、通过网站、报纸、期刊、电视等多种媒体广泛向社会宣传发现奇石之美、赏石之美、赏石文化及石展贸易等综合信息，同时提供相关咨询服务和技术指导。

5、争取把勘查各地观赏石资源列入自治区矿产资源调查项目，摸清观宝石资源家底。开展好已立项目工作。协助地调院进行项目调查。要支持当地政府收购一部分美石奇石，充实到政府所有的观赏石博物馆，各种藏馆，留住赏石资源。

6、努力在协会产业发展上有所突破，保持协会持续发展能力。如和《石藏天下》栏目开展形式多样的赏石活动，评戈壁石、象形石、树化玉、战国红藏家、藏馆和石友之家等。7、完成中石协布置调研巴林右旗巴林石拍卖竞标案例过程的任务。

8、组织完成珠宝玉石专业委员会和在后旗成立观赏石专业委员会等工作。

9、分别组织一次石友赴区外观赏石、宝玉石市场考察调研活动和赴中国台湾的赏石文化交流活动。

10、在全区层面评选20xx年精品观赏石活动，虎年评马石活动，从县级、市级到内蒙级，精品出书和光盘，上《内蒙古赏石报》、内蒙古石藏天下电视栏目，上报中石协。

11、重新注册观赏石宝玉石协会副会长情况，包括申请注册、交会费、宣传权利义务、发证等。

12、中石协和发展改革委价格认证中心印发的《观赏石价格评估机构资质认证暂行办法》，机构认证资质由中石协和中国发改委价格认证中心负责审批，可由地方认证机构和赏石协会负责材料受理、初审，分甲、乙、丙级，观赏石价格评估专业人员资格认证要符合相关条件且通过申请、审核等程序和统一的专业培训。

Hello, everyone. Welcome to Ningbo!

Ningbo is the second largest city in Zhejiang Province, with a populationof nearly 6 million and an area of more than 9000 square kilometers. Ningbo hasa long history and was called Mingzhou in ancient times. Since ancient times,Ningbo has been relatively prosperous. Now Ningbo is divided into the old threedistricts and the new three districts by Yaojiang, Yongjiang and Shanjiang, soSanjiangkou is a center of Ningbo and the most prosperous area of Ningbo.

Ningbo mens wear is very famous in China and even in the world, amongwhich Youngor, fir, Lodz and newsbird are all famous brands, and advertisementsof these brands are everywhere, no matter in the city or in the countryside.Among them, Youngor is also engaged in real estate, zoos, stadiums and otherindustries, while Lodz is also involved in coal yard, retail and otherindustries, all of which are developed in an all-round way, so these brands arebecoming bigger and bigger. In fact, Ningbos clothing industry has existed fora long time. Chinas first Chinese tunic and suit came from Ningbo Hongbang, soif you are interested, you can bring a suit home.

There are two main roads in the center of Ningbo, Liuting street andZhongshan Road. Zhongshan road is 8 kilometers long, which is divided intoZhongshan East Road and Zhongshan West Road. There are many shops on both sides,which are very busy. Ningbo is also a city with high consumption. From realestate to catering, from daily consumption to luxury goods, it is moreexpensive.

Ningbo people especially like to eat and eat

Ningbo has the most restaurants, especially seafood shops. Because it isclose to the sea, Ningbo people also like to eat seafood, especially the freshdrunk crabs and yellow mud snails, which are eaten raw. Outsiders are not usedto it! Another famous food in Ningbo is Ningbo Tangyuan, the most famous ofwhich is called "Jiang ajian". A jar, a duck and a chicken are specially placedin front of the store, because the homonym of "Jiang ajian" in Ningbo Dialect is"jar duck chicken". I dont know, I think its a chicken and duck shop.

Ningbo Dialect is also very interesting. There is a place in Ningbo where"you cant go or speak". In fact, it is Beilun port in Beilun District. Beilunport is the economic pillar of Ningbo. Many people in Ningbo are engaged inimport and export trade, because Beilun port is also one of the important portsin China. It is said that they have to apply for special permits to enter theport! It is said that one year, a mayor of Ningbo went to the central governmentto report his work. He said that Ningbos economy depended on the "police", the"prostitutes" and the "no way to talk". This made the leaders very angry.However, after translation, they understood that it was the policy, theopportunity and the Beilun port. Therefore, there was a saying that they wouldrather listen to the quarrels of Suzhou people than the speeches of Ningbopeople Its so hard to understand!

Ningbo has "three ends": heshangtou, taro and bald. Heshangtou refers tomany temples, the most famous of which are Asoka temple and Tiantong temple inthe east of Ningbo; taro refers to big taro in Xikou; bald refers to Jiangguangtou of Chiang Kai Shek!

There are Tianyi Pavilion, Asoka temple and Tiantong temple in Ningbo.Tianyi Pavilion is one of the famous libraries in China, but the most famous oneis Xikou town in Fenghua. It is the hometown of Chiang Kai Shek, including theYutai salt shop of Chiang family, the former residence of Chiang family, theancestral hall of Chiang family, the small western style house, the WenchangPavilion, the tomb path of Chiang mother, the flying rock of Qianzhang, and theXuedou temple where Chiang Kai Shek imprisoned Zhang Xueliang after the XianIncident. It is also the residence of Maitreya Buddha Show the holy land.Stream

The people in Xikou said that they should thank both Chiang Kai Shek andthe Communist Party, because only with Chiang Kai Shek can Xikous tourismeconomy develop; only with the good policies of the Communist Party can Xikoustourism economy develop to the present level. Xikou produces taro and Melaleucacake. The taro here is very big and waxy. The Melaleuca cake here is crisp andrefreshing. I dont believe you can have a taste! And Chiang Kai Sheks formerresidence is also waiting for you with its mysterious appearance. Now lets goto visit it!

Good friends！ Now， we have reached the famous three gorges of the Yangtze river， which lies between chongqing and hubei in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river， which is the general name of qutang gorge， wuxia and xiling gorge. And the scenery here.

The three gorges dam is 200 kilometers long， and you can see that there are continuous mountains on both sides. There is no gap in the mountain， such as a green dragon. The mountains rise above the clouds， blocking the sun and locking the sky into a band. If it hadnt been for noon， not even the sun would have seen it！

The three gorges is a "multi—scene" place. Throughout the year， the place has a unique beauty that you can appreciate. In the summer， the water is huge， the current is turbulent， it is a kind of unrestrained beauty. But for safety reasons， be careful. Autumn， it is a kind of sad beauty， every morning with frost， there is the ape that the cry cry， really is a tear—jerker.

If you are a person who enjoys the beauty of beauty， it is time！ On spring day like today， it shows the beauty of the three gorges. Here is like the snow of the rapids and the green deep pool， the roundabout the reflection of the shadow of the world， the visitors can look down in order to see， there is the reflection of the sun！ On the peaks on either side of you there are many strange cypresses， very interesting. Now， we have a waterfall in front of us. The water is flowing through the water， it is the aesthetic feeling that spring in elegant. All right， as the boat moves forward， we will enjoy the beautiful scenery of the water qingshu and the mountain high grass.

Happy times always go so fast that our trip is over. May the journey of the three gorges project leave a wonderful memory in your heart. Goodbye！

Welcome to here, let me to introduce for everybody!

Wild goose pagoda is located in the southern suburbs within the temple, is the national famous ancient buildings, is regarded as the symbol of the ancient capital of xi an. It was said that tangs monk came back from the experiences of India (ancient tianzhu), specializing in translation and the scriptures. Because imitation Indian wild goose pagoda style of the wild goose pagoda. Since then in changan jianfu temple built a small wild goose pagoda, to distinguish, people are often given, jianfu temple tower called the small wild goose pagoda, has spread so far. Wild goose pagoda square plane, built on a party about 45 meters, about 5 meters high stylobate. Seven layers, the bottom side length of 25 meters, from the ground to the top of the tower is 64 meters high. The towers are built with bricks, ground brick for seam strong anomalies. Tower with stairs, can be upwards. Each layer all around a arch form, and can be trapped. Changan view panoramic view. The bottom of the tower is shek mun, have fine lines on the door mast carved Buddha, for big has write in tang dynasty. Within the recess on either side of the tower, the south gate brick, with one of the four famous calligrapher in b on the book of tang monk st preface to teach and the Assyrian monk holy teaching sequence, two pieces of stone tablets. War after tang dynasty, temple, the house burned down, only the wild goose pagoda stand alone.

Another story: the wild goose pagoda was built in the tang Gao Zongyong badge for three years, because of located within the temple, so The tower also known as temple. Temple is the tang dynasty twenty-two years (648) prince Li Zhi reading his mother queen wants to chase. Wild goose pagoda built in only five layer. Wu zetian was rebuilt, and later after numerous repairs. The tower is now seven layers, a total of 64 meters, square pyramid shaped. The tower for the blue brick flies in the build by laying bricks or stones becomes, the layers of wall column fang, bar and so on wood structure. Each layer all around has coupons masonry arch. This in the 2-foot-tall tower, modelling concise, magnificence, is a masterpiece of buddhist art in China. Wild goose pagoda, on both sides of the south gate to the inlaid with b, a famous calligrapher write two pieces of stone tablets of the tang dynasty. One is the preface to tang monk SAN teaching; Another piece is the emperor tang from the teaching sequence, the tang monk holy. A beautiful monument side creeping weed decorative pattern, design, modelling is vivid. These are the research in the tang dynasty calligraphy, painting, sculpture art important cultural relics. Big temple is the most famous and most HongLi Tang Changan city buddhist temple, it is built in the tang dynasty royal decree.

Longevity monk xuan zang, once conducted temple service here and get a tube of sutras translation field, founded Buddhism sect. He personally DuZao temple pagoda is. So big temple has a very prominent position in the history of Chinese doctrines, has been brought to the attention of the domestic and foreign.

Temple gate, the bell and drum tower confrontation. Bell and drum is a temple on the REINS, vulgar said the morning bell and evening drum reminders. The east tower in suspension in the Ming dynasty iron bell, weight thirty thousand jins, three meters. Students in tang dynasty, after the exceeded otherregions jinshi to jion tower under the title, "the wild goose pagoda" title ", after turned lineage. The tang dynasty painter wu daoxuan, wang wei has been for the temple murals, such as precious little already annihilation. But in the wild goose pagoda, stone of four door lintel, door frame, has kept the fine line in the tang dynasty. Westone lintel carved palace figure of the lines is particularly valuable.

The wild goose pagoda, a monks tomb tower group. Six of them are built in the qing dynasty. Ursa major palace is is the center of the temple buildings, there are three bodies like the Buddha, bodhisattva, and arhat clay sculpture. Is the chanting of course. Dharma is a lecture that place. Hall with amitabha Buddha statue.

Today CiSi temple is the scale since the Ming dynasty, the temple of the temple is the construction of the late qing dynasty. Now after repair of great wild goose pagoda, the majestic, ancient pagoda temple, the temple incense incense, garden flowers bloom, which is a special attract domestic and foreign tourists to visit.

New Yuanming Palace in the 2nd February 1997 formally completed and opened, it is located in the zhuhai jiuzhou avenue stone forest mountain, covers an area of 1.39 square kilometers, is the manuscript with the old Summer Palace in Beijing, according to the proportion of 1:1 selected the old Summer Palace built 18 of 40 landscape scene, investment 600 million yuan, is one of the first 4 a grade scenic spot in China. It is surrounded on three sides by mountains and faces the south smooth and broad, fortunas lake water area of 80000 square meters.

New Yuanming Palace concentrated represent the grand momentum of yuanmingyuan imperial garden in Beijing, all landscape architecture are built according to the size of the original copy. Hall "legitimate", "taking jiuzhou qing", "peng YaoTai island", "penghu-glance wonderful scenery of" central axis for the royal palace buildings, central axis to the west is "the concept of well ying", "haiyantang" and "(" sea bright garden scenic area, around the breeze-ruffled lotus beside," skylight "up and down," the foundation ", "song music" and so on more than 10 Chinese jiangnan garden landscape architecture. It with its strong qing culture, fine elegant chic pavilion, table, floor, cabinet and majestic big dance performance attracts numerous tourists both at home and abroad.

The second opium war in 1860, British and French troops invaded Beijing, thought xianfeng emperor is still in the old Summer Palace, to the old Summer Palace as the attack target. Xianfeng, in fact as early as before the British and French troops into Beijing led a group of ministers to escape the jehol. The invaders into the palace to see solemn temple, magnificent pavilions, secluded gardens, immediately began to rob up. According to historical records, an intruder after entering the palace, also dont know what thing, have lost the gold, silver, in order to set with jewelry jade works of art, and he had lost his gold. Priceless porcelain and enamels, because too big cant move out, should be broken. Coalition after robbing the old Summer Palace is still not satisfied, and that can only be made in China and burning yuanmingyuan emperor shaking, biggest hits, so the British soldiers in their support of the government and public opinion to burning yuanmingyuan. In October 1860 a generation of famous finally reduced to ashes under the fire of the invaders. In human cultural history of the old Summer Palace burnt loss is immeasurable, the invaders not only destroyed the unique gardens in the world, and the large number of precious cultural relics and plunder abroad, a generation of famous only ruins left. Qing emperor after several generations, though still wanted to rebuild yuanmingyuan, but eventually because of domestically, national strength is insufficient, reconstruction have to fall by the wayside.

New Yuanming Palace combines classical imperial complex, jiangnan classical gardens, buildings and western buildings as a whole, for visitors to show the prosperous time qing dynasty elegance. West park, is the noble temperament of western buildings, white marble, delicate inside adornment, let you as if place oneself in Europe in the ancient palace.

Temple fair, jiuzhou feast scenic area layout solemn, founder, reflect the royal style, or show harem and free from vulgarity temperament; Yellow colored glaze appearance grand; Green coloured glaze is full of vitality; Purple coloured glaze spirits to ward off bad luck, it is no wonder that emperor qianlong had "carved painting, complacent hin huts meaning".

Ming new park has many tourists to participate in activities, ornamental. "Legitimate" emperor began to reign; "Jiuzhou characters" adaptation; "The song in" jiangnan silk; "Penghu-glance scenic spot" imperial concubines, wedding. "Qianlong jiangnan" swim airdropping lake big parade, visitors can experience to ride the dragon boat when "emperor", "the queen" feeling; A garden teahouse, lounge, book galleries, performances of folk artists to make you feel the Chinese culture has a long history. The garden every day "emperor", "qing dynasty palace anecdotes" and "imperial concubines" program performance, visitors can see the qing court etiquette.

恭亲王府内，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。这“蝙蝠”并不是真实的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想让自己很幸福，便取“福”的谐音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

进门后，首先映入眼帘的，便是一只硕大的“蝙蝠”。这是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸边随意错落着假山碎石。福池周围栽满了榆树，榆树的果、叶形似铜钱，每当铜钱般的果、叶掉入福池时，和王申就会笑哈哈：“天上掉下的钱，进入我的?聚宝盆?，地上的钱也是流入我和王申的囊袋中。”这话可真不假!

我们顺着福池潺潺流水走，便来一扇门前。这是一扇精美绝伦的西洋门，色彩鲜艳，做工精细。据说这也是他二十四条罪状之一。因为这一扇西洋门是仿造皇家园林——万寿园里的西洋门造的。

进了西洋门，绕过“送子观音”石雕，便是和王申家的戏园了。戏园前是一片花园，修剪整齐的灌木丛中开着些许花儿。《环珠格格》中“香妃戏蝶”这出戏就是在这里拍摄的。全北京城只有两处是满地青砖，一是故宫的太和殿，二便是和王申家的戏台了。因为青砖的扩音效果十分好，所以在戏台上唱戏不需要任何扩音工具，偌大的戏场人人都能听到音乐，能站在遍地青砖的戏台上为和王申等权贵大臣唱戏也是一种殊荣了。

亲爱的游客朋友们，长途旅行辛苦了。首先我代表x旅行社欢迎大家来到首都北京参观游览。很荣幸能成为大家的地接导游，我叫杨立琦，大家叫我小杨就可以了。为我们驾车的是司机王师傅，王师傅有多年的驾驶经验，驾驶技术高超，所以大家在行车过程中可以完全放心。

很高兴在这样一个风和日丽的天气里见到大家，昨天因为天气原因耽搁了大家的行程，希望朋友们能给予谅解并且以一个愉快的心情迎接接下来的旅行。俗话说的好：“塞翁失马焉知非福”嘛。经过了一天的休整，大家才会有更加充沛的体力来领略首都北京的大好风光。我相信这里悠久的历史，璀璨的文化一定会让你不虚此行。希望北京的风光能给大家带来一份好的心情，使大家带着对北京的期待和憧憬而来带着对北京的满意和流连而归。最后祝大家在北京的旅行一切顺利。

各位游客：

大家好，我是你们的导游，小李。

下面我要给大家讲讲天坛的传说，现在大家抬头看一下这就是美丽的天坛，从远出看是个八角形宝塔。

天坛是王屋的主峰，高峰耸寺深古纵横，一峰突起，万峰臣伏，唯我独尊，从南向北看中间高，两边低，好似屋顶像王者之屋，称王屋山。天坛原名叫琼林台，因皇帝在山顶设坛祭天，后人为了纪念，该为天坛。为了纪念皇帝老师华盖对皇帝指点，把天坛峰前的山叫华盖峰。

我们走过天坛，又来到了望景寺，这里可以这人观赏天坛的风景。

天坛是世界文化遗产，国家5A级旅游景区，全国重点文明保护单位。于北京正阳门，东南方自，为明清两朝皇帝祭天，求雨和祈，寿年专用祭坛，是世界上现在规模最大，最完美的古代祭天建筑群。总面积273平方米。1920xx年作为公园正式对外开放。

坛为三层圆形石台，坛区占地20万余平方米。因此;明清时期北京的天坛与历朝代郊坛有一脉相承的渊源。

天地坛遂改称为天坛。消沿明制，天坛一称沿用至今。从乾隆八年1743年起，对天坛建筑进行了多次修理，天坛终于形成了南北两坛，规制严谨的盛郎风貌。

天坛到处有美丽的风景，说也说不尽，希望你有机会细细游赏。

Everybody is good! Welcome to visit suzhou gardens. I am your tour guide, surnamed pan, just call me pan or pan guide. Let me take you to visit!

Suzhou garden with beautiful scenery, is famous for its elegant, have "jiangnan garden enjoys, suzhou garden armor chiangnan" the laudatory name. There are both lakes and mountains, wide, and Bridges the jiangnan water rhyme.

Now we came to the humble administrators garden. Humble administrators garden is one of the four classical gardens in China. It is located in suzhou in the swallow gate, is the largest one in suzhou garden, also is the representative work of suzhou gardens. You see, the humble administrators garden is light fitting for property of building layout, the clever, fair, simple natural pure and fresh style? Its layout theme centered on water, the water area is about one 5 of the total, various pavilions hin pavilions built by the water. Main building has far hong tong, snow sweet YunWeiTing, to frost eighteen datura flower pavilion, pavilion, pavilion, 36 yuanyang pavilion, etc. Autographed photos below, youd better be careful, dont fall into the water or litter!

Visit the humble administrators garden, now everyone with me to the surging waves pavilion. Surging waves pavilion is the oldest a garden in suzhou. Within the garden rocks as blue waves accent. Look, head on a heaped-up mountains, stone pavilion is located on its blue waves. Is Lord of the garden rockery southeastern md hall building, and there are five hundred MingXian shrine, see mountain building, emerald green and exquisite pavilions, back check pavilion and royal pavilion building through with them. Landscape art is different, not into the garden gate and set a pool of green water around outside in the garden. Chisel below has a pool, landscape are connected to a complex tortuous galleries, how beautiful! The composition

Below you see the lion grove. Is one of the four classical gardens in suzhou. Because of the high stone mountain park, more like a lion, so the name "lion" Lin. Forest lake stone rockery and more exquisite, architectural distribution of strewn at random have send, the main building there is YanYu hall, see waterfall mountain building, pavilion, ask MeiGe, etc. Lion grove theme is clear, the depth of field is rich, personality, false cave lives the craftsmanship, objects dont have a charm.

Finally, lets visit the garden. Lingering garden is one of Chinas four big gardens. Was built in the Ming dynasty. Central garden covers an area of about 50 acres, with landscape is given priority to, is the essence dominated. The main building has a green mountain, bright floor, quxi far cui pavilion buildings, the wind the place such as the pool pavilion. Keep the number of campus building in the gardens in suzhou crown, fully embodies the ancient landscape of superb artistry and outstanding wisdom.

Now that we have finished the few parks are not allowed to visit the suzhou gardens. I would be glad to visit the gardens together with everybody, thank you for your support for my work! Good bye!

北京故宫英文导游辞

FORBIDDEN CITY(紫禁城)

(In front of the meridian gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today.

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

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Hello, tourists! My name is Wang Xiangyu. Im your tour guide. Just call meXiao Wang. Welcome to Jiuhua Mountain. Lets first introduce the generalsituation of Jiuhua Mountain. Jiuhua Mountain is located in Chizhou City, AnhuiProvince. It is the main scenic spot of the "two mountains and one lake" goldentourist area in Anhui Province. It has beautiful scenery and numerous ancienttemples. It is also known as the four famous Buddhist mountains in China withMount Emei in Sichuan, Mount Wutai in Shanxi and Mount Putuo in Zhejiang.

Jiuhua Mountain was not originally called Jiuhua Mountain, but Jiuzimountain in the Tang Dynasty. Because of its beautiful peaks, there are ninepeaks above the clouds, so there are nine Jiuzi mountains. During the reign ofTang Tianbao, Li Bai, an immortal poet, had been there twice

Next, we first enter the Jiuhua Street scenic spot, and the first thing wesee is a stone gate square. It is carved out of marble, 9 meters high, and is animitation of the Hui style architecture of the Qing Dynasty. The banner isengraved with the four characters "Jiuhua Shengjing" written by Emperor Kangxi.There are stone lions carved under the two pillars of the middle gate. The gateis dignified and elegant. After passing the gate, you can see Yingxian bridge.This bridge was built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. It is a single holestone arch bridge. Please follow me to this ancient bridge and step into thefairyland!

Well, after visiting Zhiyuan temple, we are now at the center of Jiuhuastreet. What you can see is Huacheng temple, the kaishanzu Temple of JiuhuaMountain. Under the stone steps of Huacheng temple, there are a pair of stonelions in Song Dynasty, one female and one male, which are ancient and clumsy.Huacheng Temple gradually rises according to the terrain, with rigorousstructure, simple and elegant, basically preserving the original style ofkaishanzu temple.

Well, our tour of Jiuhua Mountain has come to an end. Thank you for yoursupport and cooperation in Xiao Wangs work. I hope we will continue to serveyou in the future. Have a good trip! Thank you!

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游。

恭王府花园为位于恭王府后的一独具特色的花园，又名萃锦园，位于柳荫街甲14号，建于1777年，据考证是在明代旧园上重修的。全园占地面积2.8万平方米，有古建筑31处。恭亲王为重建花园调集百名能工巧匠，增置山石林木，彩画斑斓，融江南园林艺术与北方建筑格局为一体，汇西洋建筑及中国古典园林建筑为一园，建成后曾为京师百座王府之冠，是北京现存王府园林艺术的精华所在，堪称"什刹海的明珠"。其中园中的西洋门、御书"福"字碑、室内大戏楼并称恭王府"三绝"。某些红学家认为此园可能是曹雪芹笔下《红楼梦》中大观园的原型。

王府是北京规模最大、保存最完整的清代王府，位于什刹海西北角，前海西街17号，现为全国重点文物保护单位。恭王府始建于十八世纪末，早期为乾隆年间大学士和珅宅第，嘉庆四年(公元1799年)和珅获罪，宅第被没收赐与庆郡王，咸丰元年 (公元1851年)改赐给恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕?。

清代王府有严格的规制，规定亲王府有大门五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝七间，左右有配殿，形成多进四合院，不少府邸有后花园。但许多王府经历沧桑，早已面目全非，只有恭王府是北京现存最完整、布置最精的一座清代王府。著名学者侯仁之先生称之为"一座恭王府，半部清代史"。

恭王府分为平行的东、中、西三路，是世界最大的四合院。中路的三座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼，延楼东西长一百六十米，有四十余间房屋。东路和西路各有三个院落，和中路建筑遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，二十多个景区各不相同。

恭王府花园在造园手法上既有中轴线，也有对称手法。全园分为中路、东路、西路三路，成多个院落。中轴上依次是园门、飞来峰、蝠池、安善堂、方池、假山、邀月台、绿天小隐、蝠厅。中路建筑和山水基本对称，东、西两路只是山体对称，建筑不对称。整个园林由六条山龙围合:南面、东面、西面各有两山，中路后部有一山为中龙。

东路以建筑为主。东有两山南北奔趋，两山各在东南和东北转折成围合状。建筑分三个小院。，南面靠东院入，抬头是一精致垂花门，入内为狭长院落，院内当年种竹，正厅为大戏楼之后部，西厢为中路明道堂之后卷，东厢为一排厢房，院西为另一个狭长院落。入口月洞门，曰:吟香醉月。北面是东路的主体建筑大戏楼，戏楼自成一个小院，面积达685平方米，院内有前厅、观众厅、舞台、扮戏房等，厅内装饰豪华，是王府的观戏处。

西路以山水为主。西路的起始部分从飞来峰西走，在南端是两山之间的一个雄关。关名曰:榆关，榆关即长城的山海关，是长城的象征，素有天下第一关之美称，当年，清代皇帝就是从此入关，在园中设此关足以表示园主不忘记清祖从山海关入主中原的丰功伟绩。榆关之前是西路的中心大方池，方池东南角出细流折东与福河相连，大方池之中有一个方形小岛，岛上是观鱼台，以此来喻庄子濠上观鱼之乐的典故;池西是西山;池前有五间堂屋。东出抄手廊与中路滴翠岩的曲廊相接。

全园以福字贯穿，表明主题明显。山势围合有新意，榆关雄峙也有新意，但东部建筑较多，中部曲廊的围合也不够有机，特别是理水较差。从堆石、建筑、植物、格局上看仍有北方园林特点。

恭王府位于什刹海北岸的恭王府是世界最大的四合院，也是今日北京城里，60余座清代王府中保存最完整的一个。分为平行的东、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼。延楼东西长160米，有40余间房屋。东路和西路各有3个院落，和中路遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，20多个景区各不相同。

恭王府是清道光帝第六子恭忠亲王府第。前身为乾隆时大学士和砷的邸宅。嘉庆四年(1799年)和砷获罪，邸宅入官，嘉庆帝将其一部分赐给其弟庆僖亲王永磷，是为庆王府。以后咸丰市将庆王府收回，转赐其弟奕沂，是为恭王府。咸丰、同治年间曾整修，并在府后添建花园。

由于恭王府有着某些《红楼梦》中所描绘的景物，因此有人说恭王府花园是大观园的蓝本。但是，许多人又提出了不同的意见。

王府的主人奕诉，是一等贵族，所以他的府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高格制，显示其不可逾越的等级，明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。亲王府有门脸5间，正殿7间，后殿5间，后寝7间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能替越的。

恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建的庆颐堂模仿了皇帝的宁寿宫，皇帝“加恩赐令自尽”时，这就是其中的一条罪状。

恭王府的建筑，可分为府邸和花园两部分。府邸占地46.5亩，分为中东西三路，各由多进四合院组成，后面环抱着长160余米的通脊二层后罩楼。楼后为花园，占地38.6亩，园内建筑也约略形成中东西三路，园中散置了叠石假山，曲廊亭榭，池塘花木。

中路前部是面阔3间的大门和面阔5间的二门，门里原有正殿银安殿，已毁，现存后殿，即嘉乐堂;东路由三进四合院组成，是恭亲王奕折的起居生活用房;西路正房为锡晋斋，院宇宏大，廊点周接，气派非凡。在三路院落之后，环抱东西长160米的40余间两层后楼，东边名瞻雾楼，西边名宝约楼。楼后即花园--苹锦园，俗称恭王府花园，占地2.8万平方米。园内建筑分中东酉三路，也有约略的轴线，散置叠石假山、曲廊亭榭、水池花木。主要建筑有蝎殿、邀月台、大戏台、沁秋亭等。

恭王府花园为全国重点文物保护单位。

Baima temple is located 12 kilometers east of the old city of Luoyang inHenan Province. It was founded in the 11th year of Yongping in the Eastern HanDynasty (AD 68). It is the first ancient temple in China and the world famousKalan temple. It is the first temple built after Buddhism was introduced intoChina. It is known as the "ancestral court" and "source of interpretation" ofChinese Buddhism. It has a history of more than 1900 years. The existing sitesand historic sites are preserved in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are alarge number of Jiagan lacquered statues of the Yuan Dynasty, such as the thirdBuddha, the second general and the eighteen Arhats.

In 1961, Baima temple was announced as the first batch of national keycultural relics protection units by the State Council of the peoples Republicof China. In 1983, it was designated by the State Council as the national keyTemple of Chinese Buddhism. In January 20__, Baima temple was named as the firstbatch of AAAA scenic spots by the National Tourism Administration.

In the seventh year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 64),Emperor Liu Zhuang (the son of Liu Xiu) spent the night in Nangong. He dreamedthat a golden man, six feet tall and shining on his head, would come from theWest and fly around the palace. The next morning, Emperor Hanming told theministers about the dream. Doctor Fu Yi said, "there is a God in the west, whichis called Buddha, just as you dream.". After hearing this, Emperor Han and Mingsent more than ten ministers, such as Cai Yin and Qin Jing, to the westernregions to worship Buddhist scriptures and Dharma.

In the eighth year of Yongping (AD 65), Cai, Qin and others bid farewell tothe imperial capital and embarked on the journey of "learning from the west". InDayue Kingdom (from Afghanistan to Central Asia today), I met Indian eminentmonks, such as shemoteng and zhufalan, and met Buddhist sutras and white feltstatues of Sakyamuni Buddha. I sincerely ask the two eminent monks to go east toChina to preach Buddhism.

In the tenth year of Yongping (AD 67), two Indian eminent monks wereinvited to carry Buddhist scriptures and statues on white horses together withenvoys of the Eastern Han Dynasty to Luoyang. Emperor Hanming was very happy tosee the Buddhist scriptures and statues. He was very polite to the two eminentmonks. He personally received them and arranged for them to stay in Honglutemple, the official office in charge of foreign affairs at that time.

In the 11th year of Yongping (A.D. 68), the emperor of Han and Ming orderedthe construction of monasteries in the north of Sanli imperial road outsideXiyong gate in Luoyang. In memory of Baima tuojing, it was named "Baima Temple".The word "Si" originated from the word "Si" of "Honglu Temple", and later "Si"became a general term of Chinese temples. This is the first Chinese translationof Buddhist scriptures in China.

After taking photos of moteng and zhufalan, many Western eminent monks cameto Baima temple to translate Buddhist scriptures. In more than 150 years after68 A.D., 192 Buddhist scriptures, 395 volumes in total, were translated here.Baima temple has become the first Buddhist Scripture Translation Center inChina.

In the second year of Caowei Jiaping (A.D. 250), Tan kejialuo, an Indianmonk, came to Baima temple. At this time, Buddhism also entered the public fromthe deep palace. Later, tankojaro translated the first Buddhist commandment inChinese in Baima temple. At the same time, Tan Di, a monk of the Sabbath state,also translated Tan Wu De Jie Mo in Baima temple, which regulated theorganization and life of the monks. So far, the commandments and theconstitution of the monks group have been completed, and a path of monasticpractice has been paved, which is the beginning of the commandments inChina.

In the fifth year of Ganlu (260 A.D.), a commandment ceremony was held inBaima temple, which is destined to be deeply engraved in the history of ChineseBuddhism. On this day, Zhu Shixing ascended the altar of abstinence inaccordance with the law of karma, knelt down in front of the Buddha, and becamethe first monk who formally received the bhikkhu commandment in Han China. Sincethen, the ancient Confucian tradition of "body hair skin, parents, dare notdamage" has been broken.

During the first 200 years of Buddhisms taking root and spreading inChina, the whole process is closely related to Baima temple. This is the productof Chinas first search for Dharma from the West. It is the residence of thefirst monks who came to China to preach and spread Dharma. The first ChineseBuddhist Scripture and Chinese Commandments were born here, and the firstChinese Buddhist monk was born In a word, Baima temple is closely linked withmany "firsts" of Chinese Buddhism, which makes it the real ancestor and sourceof Chinese Buddhism.

Have your friends:

Rest well last night? After last nights rest, we all have. Then our spirit one hundred times to the scenic spot of today. The magnificent Yangtze river three gorges and my service will bring you a pleasant journey.

Someone said: "dont walk in the three gorges, not been to the Yangtze river. Dont swim in the three gorges, not understanding the Yangtze river." By the time we are about to set sail, xiao Yang to the whole situation of the Yangtze river three gorges do a simple introduction to you all.

First of all I want for you to introduce the three gorges, Yangtze river is the longest river in China, is the worlds third longest river, it is second only to the Nile river in Africa and the amazon river in South America, mount tunggula of its source on qinghai-tibet plateau in China through qinghai, Tibet, yunnan, sichuan, chongqing, hubei, hunan, jiangxi, anhui, jiangsu, Shanghai and other 11 provinces and autonomous regions, and finally into the east China sea, the total length of 6300 km, the Yangtze basin accounts for 1/5 of the land area in China, the Yangtze river is divided into three sections, yichang above for upstream, yichang to middle of bayou, 13 below for downstream.

The Yangtze river three gorges is composed of qutang gorge, wu gorge, xiling. It stretches from chongqing fengjie treasure and ends at nanjinguan yichang in hubei province, the total length of 193 km, is one of the top ten scenic spots in China, as the saying goes. The chongqing to tour the Yangtze river three gorges, is a lifelong regret.

We have already cant wait to visit! Ok, we ship with 5 minutes are going to reach the destination. Please prepare, carrying their belongings as well, especially valuables, must not be forgotten in the boat, ready to get out, thank you!

Located in Shuangxi, outside Shilin, Taipei City, it was originally the"Zhongshan Museum". It was built in 1965 to commemorate Sun Yat Sens birthday.The whole building imitates the palace style design of the Forbidden City inBeijing. The appearance is strong and magnificent, which is the essence ofChinas collection of cultural relics.

The building of the museum is divided into four floors. The plan of themain courtyard adopts plum blossom shape and is divided into five halls. Thefirst floor is lecture hall, office and library; the second floor is exhibitionroom, hall and gallery, which are used to display calligraphy and painting.There are eight exhibition rooms around, displaying bronzes, porcelains, modelsof houjiazhuang garden and artifacts from the tomb; on the third floor, thereare calligraphy and painting, jade ware, magic tools, carving and books,literature, stele and embroidery; on the fourth floor, there are various specialresearch rooms.

The Palace Museum is a world-renowned collection of nearly 700000 pieces.Due to the continuous acceptance of donation and purchase, the collection isincreasing every year, among which ceramics, calligraphy and painting, bronzeware are the most complete. In addition, there are jade, lacquerware, duobaogeenamel ware, stationery, carving, embroidery, printed books and Manchu Mongolianarchives. The Cuiyu cabbage on the third floor, the meat shaped stone and theporcelain on the second floor attract the most attention of tourists. Most ofthe tourists who come to Chinese Taiwan will come here.

一.知识文化：

研究生毕业以后我就去了一所大学教授课程，我所面临的最大问题——知识面不够广。一个知识点不仅自己了解，更要能够让学生理解，要让学生理解就必须拥有广阔的知识面从各个方面去给同学们解释，而这也是大部分导游经常遇到的问题，导游的知识好比是文化大超市，要上知天文地理，下知鸡毛蒜皮。让游客能够真正的身临其境。想要达到这个效果，我就必须不断努力，博览群书，学习、学习、再学习，这样的话，我知识桶里的水就会越来越满。在带团当中我也总结了一些经验： 1.接团前要了解一些客人当地的资料(如：有名的旅游点、人物、特产等等)。以便和客人有共同语言，使他们对我有一种亲切感。 2：和全陪要提前沟通，多发几个表示友好的信息，为以后的合作做好铺垫。 3：游客到站后，要表现出非常热情的样子。因为游客看到地接导游后，心里首先会产生安全感，紧跟着是好奇和猜想。所以我们要趁热打铁，给客人留下良好的印象，对于导游来说第一印象非常重要，因为良好的开端是成功的一半。 4：客人入住宾馆后去每个房间走一走或打电话询问有没有什么问题。如有便可及时解决，如等到客人来找，那么小问题就变成大问题了。 5：团队到来的第一餐一定要用好，用餐前我会给客人介绍清楚团队餐所含的内容。用餐当中去问候一至二次，有问题及时调整。 6：团队离开后要及时处理好遗留问题。

二.导游讲解：

当了老师以后才知道，原来要注意的事情非常多，当一名老师在讲课过程要注意仪表，站姿，目光，手势和表情，而当导游也是一样。

1. 站姿：站姿能显示一个人的风度，老师也好，导游员也是一样。一般说来, 导游人员讲解时, 身体要挺胸立腰, 端正庄重。所谓 “ 站如松, 坐如钟 ” 就是这个姿态。导游人员在车内讲解, 必须站立, 面对客人, 肩膀可适当倚靠车厢壁, 也可用一只手扶着椅背或扶手栏杆。要注意的是, 不可摇摇摆摆, 焦躁不安, 直立不动, 或把手插在裤兜里, 更不要有怪异的动作。

2. 目光：导游讲解是导游员与游客之间的一种面对面的互动。这种面对面的互动, 双方可以进行 “视觉交往”。 游客往往可以通过调动视觉器官一一眼睛, 从导游员的一个微笑, 一种眼神, 一个手势中加强对讲解内容的理解。讲解时, 运用目光的方法很多,如：目光的联结、目光的移动、目光的分配、眼球的转动、讲解与视线的统一。

3. 表情：如果上课时教师 “铁面元情” 或麻木不仁, 没有必要的感情流露, 那么他只能是一部 “ 会说话的机器 ” 。 导游也是一样，如果导游员的面部没有表情, 就难以使游客感到你的

真情实感, 就激发不起游客的感情波澜。但是，面部表情过于做作, 与所要表达的思想情感不一致, 不协调, 同样不能收到良好的效果。 比如, 有的导游员在讲解时, 努力做出过于夸张的各种“ 表情 ”, 就像给小学生讲课或话剧演员的表情一样, 就显得矫揉造作, 不自然。 因为导游讲解既不同于给小学生讲课 , 也不同于艺术表演, 面部表情要准确, 又要适度。

4. 手势 ：讲解时的手势, 不仅能强调或解释讲解的内容, 而且能生动地表达讲解语言所无法表达的内容, 使讲解生动形象, 为游客看得见悟得着。使之形象化, 具体化,在哪种情况下用哪种手势, 都应视讲解的内容而定。

三、做一名好导游必须拥有五心：真心、诚心、热心、耐心、细心!

无论是在带团还是在讲课的过程中，我发现要做到这五心真的比较难，但是世上无难事只怕有心人，理想与现实总会有些差距，但这不失为我们导游要达到的崇高目标，我虽然没有同时做到五心，但我可以大胆的说我正在为此努力奋斗，我希望在未来的旅游界，导游们都能做到五心，这需要全社会特别是旅行社的的总总们为最底层和直接面对游客的导游们着想。

带团的经验是慢慢总结出来的，在带团的过程中随时随地都有可能发生突发事件，作为导游的我们得用一百分的诚心去解决，相信自己，任何事情都会有解决的办法。

北京颐和园英文导游辞

The tour will take 4-6 hours. The route is as follows:

Out side the East Gate-side the East Gate –in front of the Hall of benevolence and Longevity- in front of Garden of Virtuous Harmony-in front of the Grand Theater Building- a lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall o Jade Ripples- in front of the o Jade Ripples- in front of the Yiyunguan (Chamber of Mortal Being)-Hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the Yaoyue (Chamber of Mortal Beings)-Hall of Happiness and Longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon ) Gate of the Long Corridor- strolling along the Long Corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- atop the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest –outside the south gate to Suzhou Shopping Street- atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.

(Out side the east gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer Palace. (After the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .

During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.

The construction of the Summer Palace first started in 1750. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories. The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong. With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements. In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness) by Angol-French allied forces. In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace). Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.

This is the main entrance to the Summer Palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu. The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. All others used the side doors.

(Inside the East Gate)

the Summer Palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake .The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. The layout of the Summer Palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters. Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters. The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.

This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters. The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu Province and placed here to decorated the garden.

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一般货物出口合同格式（附英文）

合同号码： 签约日期： 买方： 卖方： 本合同由买卖双方缔结，用中、英文字写成，两种文体具有同等效力，按照下述条款，卖方同意售出买方同意购进以下商品： 「章名」 第一部分 1.商品名称及规格 2.生产国别及制造厂商 3.单价（包装费用包括在内） 4.数量 5.总值 6.包装（适合海洋运输） 7.保险（除非另有协议，保险均由买方负责） 8.装船时间 9.装运口岸 10.目的口岸 11.装运唛头，卖方负责在每件货物上用牢固的不褪色的颜料明显地刷印或标明下述唛头，以及目的口岸、件号、毛重和净重、尺码和其它买方要求的标记。如系危险及/或有毒货物，卖方负责保证在每件货物上明显地标明货物的性质说明及习惯上被接受的标记。 12.付款条件：买方于货物装船时间前一个月通过＿＿＿＿＿＿银行开出以卖方为抬头的不可撤销信用证，卖方在货物装船启运后凭本合同交货条款第18条A款所列单据在开证银行议付贷款。上述信用证有效期将在装船后15天截止。 13.其它条件：除非经买方同意和接受，本合同其它一切有关事项均按第二部分交货条款之规定办理，该交货条款为本合同不可分的部分，本合同如有任何附加条款将自动地优先执行附加条款，如附加条款与本合同条款有抵触，则以附加条款为准。 「章名」 第二部分 「章名」 14.FOB/FAS条件 14.1.本合同项下货物的装运舱位由买方或买方的运输代理人＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿租订。 14.2.在FOB条件下，卖方应负责将所订货物在本合同第8条所规定的装船期内按买方所通知的任何日期装上买方所指定的船只。 14.3.在FAS条件下，卖方应负责将所订货物在本合同第8条所规定的装船期内按买方所通知的任何日期交到买方所指定船只的吊杆下。 14.4.货物装运日前10－15天，买方应以电报或电传通知卖方合同号、船只预计到港日期、装运数量及船运代理人的名称。以便卖方经与该船运代理人联系及安排货物的装运。卖方应将联系结果通过电报或电传及时报告买方。如买方因故需要变更船只或者船只比预先通知卖方的日期提前或推迟到达装运港口，买方或其船运代理人应及时通知卖方。卖方亦应与买方的运输代理或买方保持密切联系。 14.5.如买方所订船只到达装运港后，卖方不能在买方所通知的装船时间内将货物装上船只或将货物交到吊杆之下，卖方应负担买方的一切费用和损失，如空舱费、滞期费及由此而引起的及/或遭受的买方的一切损失。 14.6.如船只撤换或延期或退关等而未及时通知卖方停止交货，在装港发生的栈租及保险费损失的计算，应以代理通知之装船日期（如货物晚于代理通知之装船日期抵达装港，应以货物抵港日期）为准，在港口免费堆存期满后第十六天起由买方负担，人力不可抗拒的情况除外。上述费用均凭原始单据经买方核实后支付。但卖方仍应在装载货船到达装港后立即将货物装船，交负担费用及风险。 「章名」 15.C＆F条件 15.1.卖方在本合同第8条规定的时间之内应将货物装上由装运港到中国口岸的直达船。未经买方事先许可，不得转船。货物不得由悬挂中国港口当局所不能接受的国家旗帜的船装载。 15.2.卖方所租船只应适航和适货。卖方租船时应慎重和认真地选择承运人及船只。买方不接受非保赔协会成员的船只。 15.3.卖方所租载货船只应在正常合理时间内驶达目的港。不得无故绕行或迟延。 15.4.卖方所租载货船只船龄不得超过15年。对超过15年船龄的船只其超船龄额外保险费应由卖方负担。买方不接受船龄超过二十年的船只。 15.5.一次装运数量超过一千吨的货载或其它少于一千吨但买方指明的货载，卖方应在装船日前至少10天用电传或电报通知买方合同号、商品名称、数量、船名、船龄、船籍、船只主要规范、预计装货日、预计到达目的港时间、船公司名称、电传和电报挂号。 15.6.一次装运一千吨以上货载或其它少于一千吨但买方指明的货载，其船长应在该船抵达目的港前7天和24小时分别用电传或电报通知买方预计抵港时间、合同号、商品名称及数量。 15.7.如果货物由班轮装运，载货船只必须是＿＿＿＿＿＿船级社最高船级或船级协会条款规定的相同级别的船级，船只状况应保持至提单有效期终了时止，以装船日为准船龄不得超过20年。超过20年船龄的船只，卖方应负担超船龄外保险费。买方绝不接受超过25年船龄的船只。 15.8.对于散件货，如果卖方未经买方事前同意而装入集装箱，卖方应负责向买方支付赔偿金，由双方在适当时间商定具体金额。 15.9.卖方应和载运货物的船只保持密切联系，并以最快的手段通知买方船只在途中发生的一切事故，如因卖方未及时通知买方而造成买方的一切损失卖方应负责赔偿。 「章名」 16.CIF条件 在CIF条件下，除本合同第15条C＆F条件适用之外卖方负责货物的保险，但不允许有免赔率。 「章名」 17.装船通知 货物装船完毕后48小时内，卖方应即以电报或电传通知买方合同号、商品名称、所装重量（毛/净）或数量、发票价值、船名、装运口岸、开船日期及预计到达目的港时间。如因卖方未及时用电报或电传给买方以上述装船通知而使买方不能及时保险，卖方负责赔偿买方由此而引起的一切损害及/或损失。 「章名」 18.装船单据 18.A.卖方凭下列单据向付款银行议付货款： 18.A.1.填写通知目的口岸的＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿运输公司的空白抬头、空白背书的全套已装运洋轮的清洁提单（如系C＆F/CIF条款则注明“运费已付”，如系FOB/FAS条款则注明“运费待收”）。 18.A.2.由信用证受益人签名出具的发票5份，注明合同号、信用证号、商品名称、详细规格及装船唛头标记。 18.A.3.两份由信用证受益人出具的装箱单及/或重量单，注明每件货物的毛重和净重及/或尺码。 18.A.4.由制造商及/或装运口岸的合格、独立的公证行签发的品质检验证书及数量或重量证书各两份，必须注明货物的全部规格与信用证规定相符。 18.A.5.本交货条件第17条规定的装船通知电报或电传副本一份。 18.A.6.证明上述单据的副本已按合同要求寄出的书信一封。 18.A.7.运货船只的国籍已经买主批准的书信一封。 18.A.8.如系卖方保险需提供投保不少于发票价值110％的一切险和战争险的保险单。 18.B.不接受影印、自动或电脑处理、或复印的任何正本单据，除非这些单据印有清晰的“正本”字样，并经发证单位授权的领导人手签证明。 18.C.联运提单、迟期提单、简式提单不能接受。 18.D.受益人指定的第三者为装船者不能接受，除非该第三者提单由装船者背书转受益人，再由受赠人背书后方可接受。 18.E.信用证开立日期之前出具的单据不能接受。 18.F.对于C＆F/CIF货载，不接受租船提单，除非受益人提供租船合同、船长或大副收据、装船命令、货物配载图及或买方在信用证内所要求提供的其它单据副本各一份。 18.G.卖方须将提单、发票及装箱单各两份副本随船带交目的口岸的买方收货代理人＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。 18.H.载运货船启碇后，卖方须立即航空邮寄全套单据副本一份给买方，三份给目的口岸的对外贸易运输公司分公司。 18.I.卖方应负责赔偿买方因卖方失寄或迟寄上述单据而使买方遭受的一切损失。 18.J.中华人民共和国境外的银行费用由卖方负担。 「章名」 19.合同所订货物如用空运，则本合同有关海运的一切条款均按空运条款执行。 「章名」 20.危险品说明书 凡属危险品及/或有毒，卖方必须提供其危险或有毒性能、运输、仓储和装卸注意事项以及防治、急救、消防方法的说明书，卖方应将此项说明书各三份随同其他装船单据航空邮寄给买方及目的口岸的＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿运输公司。 「章名」 21.检验和索赔 货物在目的口岸卸毕60天内（如果用集装箱装运则在开箱后60天）经中国进出口商品检验局复验，如发现品质、数量或重量以及其它任何方面与本合同规定不符，除属于保险公司或船行负责者外，买方有权凭上述检验局出具的检验证书向卖方提出退货或索赔。因退货或索赔引起的一切费用包括检验费、利息及损失均由卖方负担。在此情况下，凡货物适于抽样及寄送时如卖方要求，买方可将样品寄交卖方。 「章名」 22.赔偿费 因“人力不可抗拒”而推迟或不能交货者除外，如果卖方不能交货或不能按合同规定的条件交货，卖方应负责向买方赔偿由此而引起的一切损失和遭受的损害，包括买价及/或买价的差价、空舱费、滞期费，以及由此而引起的直接或间接损失。买方有权撤销全部或部分合同，但并不妨碍买方向卖方提出索赔的权利。 「章名」 23.赔偿例外 由于一般公认的“人力不可抗拒”原因而不能交货或延迟交货，卖方或买方都不负责任。但卖方应在事故发生后立即用电报或电传告买方并在事故发生后15天内航空邮寄买方灾害发生地点之有关政府机关或商会所出具的证明，证实灾害存在。如果上述“人力不可抗拒”继续存在60天以上，买方有权撤销合同的全部或一部。 「章名」 24.仲裁 双方同意对一切因执行和解释本合同条款所发生的争议，努力通过友好协商解决。在争议发生之日起一个合理的时间内，最多不超过90天，协商不能取得对买卖双方都满意的结果时，如买方决定不向他认为合适的有管辖权的法院提出诉讼，则该争议应提交仲裁。除双方另有协议，仲裁应在中国北京举行，并按中国国际贸易促进委员会对外贸易仲裁委员会所制订的仲裁规则和程序进行仲裁，该仲裁为终局裁决，对双方均有约束力。仲裁费用除非另有决定，由败诉一方负担。 卖方： 买方： 「名称」 1. PURCHASE CONTRACT 「题注」 「章名」 Whole Doc. Contract No： Date： The Buyer： The Seller： The Contract， made out， in Chinese and English， both version being equally authentic， by and between the Seller and the Buyer whereby the Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer agrees to buy the undermentioned goods subject to terms and conditions set forth hereinafter as follows： 「章名」 SECTION 1 1 Name of Commodity and specification 2 Country of Origin & Manufacturer 3 Unit Price （packing charges included） 4 Quantity 5 Total Value 6 Packing （seaworthy） 7 Insurance （to be covered by the Buyer unless otherwise） 8 Time of Shipment 9 Port of Loading 10 Port of Destination mark shown as below in addition to the port of destination， package number， gross and net weights， measurements and other marks as the Buyer may require stencilled or marked conspicuously with fast and unfailing pigments on each package. In the case of dangerous and/or poisonous cargo （es）， the Seller is obliged to take care to ensure that the nature and the generally adopted symbol shall be marked conspicuously on each package. 12 Terms of Payment： One month prior to the time of shipment the Buyer shall open with the Bank of _______an irrevocable Letter of Credit in favour of the Seller payable at the issuing bank against presentation of documents as stipulated under Clause 18. A. of SECTION II， the Terms of Delivery of this Contract after departure of the carrying vessel. The said Letter of Credit shall remain in force till the 15th day after shipment. 13 Other Terms： Unless otherwise agreed and accepted by the Buyer， all other matters related to this contract shall be governed by Section II， the Terms of Delivery which shall form an integral part of this Contract. Any supplementary terms and conditions that may be attached to this Contract shall automatically prevail over the terms and conditions of this Contract if such supplementary terms and conditions come in conflict with terms and conditions herein and shall be binding upon both parties. FOR THE SELLER FOR THE BUYER 「章名」 SECTION 2 「章名」 14 FOB/FAS TERMS 14.1 The shipping space for the contracted goods shall be booked by the Buyer or the Buyer‘s shipping agent __________. 14.2 Under FOB terms， the Seller shall undertake to load the contracted goods on board the vessel nominated by the Buyer on any date notified by the Buyer， within the time of shipment as stipulated in Clause 8 of this Contract. 14.3 Under FAS terms， the Seller shall undertake to deliver the contracted goods under the tackle of the vessel nominated by the Buyer on any date notified by the Buyer， within the time of shipment as stipulated in Clause 8 of this Contract. 14.4 10-15 days prior to the date of shipment， the Buyer shall inform the Seller by cable or telex of the contract number， name of vessel， ETA of vessel， quantity to be loaded and the name of shipping agent， so as to enable the Seller to contact the shipping agent direct and arrange the shipment of the goods. The Seller shall advise by cable or telex in time the Buyer of the result thereof. Should， for certain reasons， it become necessary for the Buyer to replace the named vessel with another one， or should the named vessel arrive at the port of shipment earlier or later than the date of arrival as previously notified to the Seller， the Buyer or its shipping agent shall advise the Seller to this effect in due time. The Seller shall also keep in close contact with the agent or the Buyer. 14.5 Should the Seller fail to load the goods on board or to deliver the goods under the tackle of the vessel booked by the Buyer. Within the time as notified by the Buyer， after its arrival at the port of shipment the Seller shall be fully liable to the Buyer and responsible for all losses and expenses such as dead freight， demurrage. Consequential losses incurred upon and/or suffered by the Buyer. 14.6 Should the vessel be withdrawn or replaced or delayed eventually or the cargo be shutout etc.， and the Seller be not informed in good time to stop delivery of the cargo， the calculation of the loss in storage expenses and insurance premium thus sustained at the loading port shall be based on the loading date notified by the agent to the Seller （or based on the date of the arrival of the cargo at the loading port in case the cargo should arrive there later than the notified loading date）。 The abovementioned loss to be calculated from the 16th day after expiry of the free storage time at the port should be borne by the Buyer with the exception of Force Majeure. However， the Seller shall still undertake to load the cargo immediately upon the carrying vessel‘s arrival at the loading port at its own risk and expenses. The payment of the afore-said expenses shall be effected against presentation of the original vouchers after the Buyer’s verification. 「章名」 15 C&F Terms 15.1 The Seller shall ship the goods within the time as stipulated in clause 8 of this Contract by a direct vessel sailing from the port of loading to China port. Transhipment on route is not allowed without the Buyer‘s prior consent. The goods shall not be carried by vessels flying flags of countries not acceptable to the Port Authorities of China. 15.2 The carrying vessel chartered by the Seller shall be seaworthy and cargoworthy. The Seller shall be obliged to act prudently and conscientiously when selecting the vessel and the carrier when chartering such vessel. The Buyer is justified in not accepting vessels chartered by the Seller that are not members of the PICLUB. 15.3 The carrying vessel chartered by the Seller shall sail and arrive at the port of destination within the normal and reasonable period of time. Any unreasonable aviation or delay is not allowed. 15.4 The age of the carrying vessel chartered by the Seller shall not exceed 15 years. In case her age exceeds 15 years， the extra average insurance premium thus incurred shall be borne by the Seller. Vessel over 20 years of age shall in no event be acceptable to the Buyer. 15.5 For cargo lots over 1，000 M/T each， or any other lots less than 1，000 metric tons but identified by the Buyer， the Seller shall， at least 10 days prior to the date of shipment， inform the Buyer by telex or cable of the following information： the contract number， the name of commodity， quantity， the name of the carrying vessel， the age， nationality， and particulars of the carrying vessel， the expected date of loading， the expected time of arrival at the port of destination， the name， telex and cable address of the carrier. 15.6 For cargo lots over 1，000 M/T each， or any other lots less than 1，000 metric tons but identified by the Buyer， the Master of the carrying vessel shall notify the Buyer respectively 7 （seven） days and 24 （twenty-four） hours prior to the arrival of the vessel at the port of destination， by telex or cable about its ETA （expected time of arrival）， contract number， the name of commodity， and quantity. 15.7 If goods are to be shipped per liner vessel under liner Bill of Lading， the carrying vessel must be classified as the highest ____________ or equivalent class as per the Institute Classification Clause and shall be so maintained throughout the duration of the relevant Bill of Lading. Nevertheless， the maximum age of the vessel shall not exceed 20 years at the date of loading. The seller shall bear the average insurance premium for liner vessel older than 20 years. Under no circum -stances shall the Buyer accept vessel over 25 years of age. 15.8 For break bulk cargoes， if goods are shipped in containers by the Seller without prior consent of the Buyer， a compensation of a certain amount to be agreed upon by both parties shall be payable to the Buyer by the Seller. 15.9 The Seller shall maintain close contact with the carrying vessel and shall notify the Buyer by fastest means of communication about any and all accidents that may occur while the carrying vessel is on route. The Seller shall assume full responsibility and shall compensate the Buyer for all losses incurred for its failure to give timely advice or notification to the Buyer. 「章名」 16 CIF Terms： Under CIF terms， besides Clause 15 C&F Terms of this contract which shall be applied the Seller shall be responsible for covering the cargo with relevant insurance with irrespective percentage. 「章名」 17 Advice of Shipment： Within 48 hours immediately after completion of loading of goods on board the vessel the Seller shall advise the Buyer by cable or telex of the contract number， the name of goods， weight （net/gross） or quantity loaded， invoice value， name of vessel， port of loading， sailing date and expected time of arrival （ETA） at the port of destination. Should the Buyer be unable to arrange insurance in time owing to the Seller‘s failure to give the above mentioned advice of shipment by cable or telex， the Seller shall be held responsible for any and all damages and/or losses attributable to such failure. 「章名」 18 Shipping Documents 18.A The Seller shall present the following documents to the paying bank for negotiation of payment： 18.A.1 Full set of clean on board， “freight prepaid” for C&F/CIF Terms or “Freight to collect” for FOB/FAS Terms， Ocean Bills of Lading， made out to order and blank endorsed， notifying ___________at the port of destination. 18.A.2 Five copies of signed invoice， indicating contract number， L/C number， name of commodity， full specifications， and shipping mark， signed and issued by the Beneficiary of Letter of Credit. 18.A.3 Two copies of packing list and/or weight memo with indication of gross and net weight of each package and/or measurements issued by beneficiary of Letter of Credit. 18.A.4 Two copies each of the certificates of quality and quantity or weight issued by the manufacturer and/or a qualified independent surveyor at the loading port and must indicate full specifications of goods conforming to stipulations in Letter of Credit. 18.A.5 One duplicate copy of the cable or telex advice of shipment as stipulated in Clause 17 of the Terms of Delivery. 18.A.6 A letter attesting that extra copies of abovementioned documents have been dispatched according to the Contract. 18.A.7 A letter attesting that the nationality of the carrying vessel has been approved by the Buyer. 18.A.8 The relevant insurance policy covering， but not limited to at least 110% of the invoice value against all and war risks if the insurance is covered by the Buyer. 18.B Any original document（s） made by rephotographic system， automated or computerized system or carbon copies shall not be acceptable unless they are clearly marked as “ORIGINAL.” and certified with signatures in hand writing by authorised officers of the issuing company or corporation. 18.C Through Bill of Lading， Stale Bill of Lading， Short Form Bill of Lading， shall not be acceptable. 18.D Third Party appointed by the Beneficiary as shipper shall not be acceptable unless such Third Party Bill of Lading is made out to the order of shipper and endorsed to the Beneficiary and blank endorsed by the Beneficiary. 18.E Documents issued earlier than the opening date of Letter of Credit shall not be acceptable. 18.F In the case of C&F/CIF shipments， Charter Party Bill of Lading shall not be acceptable unless Beneficiary provides one copy each of the Charter Party， Master‘s of Mate’s receipt， shipping order and cargo or stowage plan and/or other documents called for in the Letter of Credit by the Buyer. 18.G The seller shall dispatch， in care of the carrying vessel， two copies each of the duplicates of Bill of Lading. Invoice and Packing List to the Buyer‘s receiving agent， _______________at the port of destination. 18.H Immediately after the departure of the carrying vessel， the Seller shall airmail one set of the duplicate documents to the Buyer and three sets of the same to ______________________________ Transportation Corporation at the port of destination. 18.I The Seller shall assume full responsibility and be liable to the Buyer and shall compensate the Buyer for all losses arising from going astray of and/or the delay in the dispatch of the above mentioned documents. 18.J Banking charges outside the People‘s Republic of China shall be for the Seller’s account. 「章名」 19 If the goods under this Contract are to be dispatched by air， all the terms and conditions of this Contract in connection with ocean transportation shall be governed by relevant air terms. 「章名」 20 Instruction leaflets on dangerous cargo： For dangerous and/or poisonous cargo， the Seller must provide instruction leaflets stating the hazardous or poisonous properties， transportation， storage and handling remarks， as well as precautionary and first-air measures and measures against fire. The Seller shall airmail， together with other shipping documents， three copies each of the same to the Buyer and___________________ Transportation Corporation at the port of destination. 「章名」 21 Inspection & claims： In case the quality， quantity or weight of the goods be found not in conformity with those as stipulated in this Contract upon re-inspection by the China Commodity Import and Export inspection Bureau within 60 days after completion of the discharge of the goods at the port of destination or， if goods are shipped in containers， 60 days after the opening of such containers， the Buyer shall have the right to request the Seller to take back the goods or lodge claims against the Seller for compensation for losses upon the strength of the Inspection Certificate issued by the said Bureau， with the exception of those claims for which the insurers or owners of the carrying vessel are liable， all expenses including but not limited to inspection fees， interest， losses arising from the return of the goods or claims shall be borne by the Seller. In such a case， the Buyer may， if so requested， send a sample of the goods in question to the Seller， provided that sampling and sending of such sample is feasible. 「章名」 22 Damages： With the exception of late delivery or non-delivery due to “Force Majeure” causes， if the Seller fails to make delivery of the goods in accordance with the terms and conditions， jointly or severally， of this Contract， the Seller shall be liable to the Buyer and indemnify the Buyer for all losses， damages， including but not limited to， purchase price and/or purchase price differentials， deadfreight， demurrage， and all consequential direct or indirect losses. The Buyer shall nevertheless have the right to cancel in part or in whole of the contract without prejudice to the Buyer‘s right to claim compensations. 「章名」 23 Force Majeure： Neither the Seller or the Buyer shall be held responsible for late delivery or non-delivery owing to generally recognized “Force Majeure”causes. However in such a case， the Seller shall immediately advise by cable or telex the Buyer of the accident and airmail to the Buyer within 15 days after the accident， a certificate of the accident issued by the competent government authority or the chamber of commerce which is located at the place where the accident occurs as evidence thereof. If the said “Force Majeure” cause lasts over 60 days， the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the whole or the undelivered part of the order for the goods as stipulated in Contract. 「章名」 24 Arbitration： Both parties agree to attempt to resolve all disputes between the parties with respect to the application or interpretation of any term hereof of transaction hereunder， through amicable negotiation. If a dispute cannot be resolved in this manner to the satisfaction of the Seller and the Buyer within a reasonable period of time， maximum not exceeding 90 days after the date of the notification of such dispute， the case under dispute shall be submitted to arbitration if the Buyer should decide not to take the case to court at a place of jurisdiction that the Buyer may deem appropriate. Unless otherwise agreed upon by both parties， such arbitration shall be held in ________， and shall be governed by the rules and procedures of arbitration stipulated by the Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade. The decision by such arbitration shall be accepted as final and binding upon both parties. The arbitration fees shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded.

Ladies and gentlemen, today we are going to visit a famous Buddhist temple---the Jade Buddha Temple.

Before visiting the temple, I’d like to say a few words about the religious situation in Shanghai. Our constitution stipulates that every Chinese citizen is ensured the freedom of religious belief. There are four major religions in practice in Shanghai, namely, Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, and Christianity, which is sub-divided into the Catholic Church and the Protestant Church. When it comes to Buddhist temples in China, they are usually classified into three sects, i.e. temples for meditation, for preaching and for practicing Buddhist disciplines. The Jade Buddha Temple is a temple for meditation, and is well-known both at home and abroad.

The temple was first built during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, when a monk named Hui Gen went on a pilgrimage to Burma and brought back five jade statues of Sakyamuni. On his way back to Mount Putuo via Shanghai, he left two jade statues here, one in sitting posture and the other, reclining. He had a temple specially built as a shrine for these two statues in 1882. later the temple was

partly destroyed by fire and in 1928 a new temple was completed on the present site.

Just opposite the temple gate, there stands a giant screen wall. Various designs, such as dragon, phoenix, elephant, crane and peony are carved on it. In Chinese legend, all these things are considered the symbols of fortune, wealth, longevity and auspiciousness. Chinese people used to set up a wall in front of the house so as to keep the evils away.

Now ladies and gentlemen, please turn around. Here we can see the temple gate. It is also called the Sanmen Gate, or say, the Gate of Three Extrications. The door in the middle is called the Door of Emptiness, to its right is the Door of Non-phenomenon, and to its left, the Door of Non-Action. Sanmen Gate is also called the Mountain Gate because most famous temples in China are found deep in mountains. But the Sanmen gate does not open except on the first and the fifteenth of every lunar month. Now this way to the entrance.

Ladies and gentlemen, the first hall is the Heavenly King Hall. We will use the rear door, please follow me.

(in the Heavenly King Hall next to the southern entrance)

Here we can find the statue of a fat and smiling monk with bared belly. He is Bodhisattva Maitreya. His smile is so contagious that you will smile with him and forget all your worries. So he is also called the Laughing Buddha. According to Buddhist scripture, he is now practicing Buddhism in the Tusita Heaven. After 4000 years, which is equal to 5.67 billion years on the earth, he will become successor to Sakyamuni under a Long Hua Tree in Hualin Garden. Hence another name the Future Buddha.

But this statue we see here is not the real image of Bodhisattva Maitreya, it is just his incarnation.. it is said that During the Five Dynasties Period, 1000 years ago, there lived in Fenhua in Zhejiang Province a monk named Qi Ci, who always carried a wooden staff with a cloth sack on his shoulder. He often went around towns and in streets to beg alms. Therefore he became known as “the Cloth Sack Monk”. He always smiled and laughed, looking as happy as ever.

When he was dying, he left the message saying that he was the incarnation of Bodhisattva Maitreya. So his image is enshrined in the Buddhist Temple as the incarnation of Bodhisattva Maitreya.

(on the eastern side of the Heavenly King Hall)

On the two sides of the hall are enshrined four statues. They are so-called Four Heavenly Kings. In the Buddhist legend, there is in the center of the world a highest mountain called Mount Sumeru. Halfway on it is a mountain called Mount Ghandara with four peaks. On each peak lives a Heavenly King protecting the Buddhist heaven. The first one is the Southern King---King of Developing Merits. His duty is to educate all living creatures and develop king-heartedness.

He is holding a sword in his hand which can emit a ray to chop off the enemies’ heads. The one next to him is the Eastern King---King of Protection for Buddhism. He is holding in his hand a pipa, which is somewhat like a guitar. With this pipa, he offers music to the Buddha. Meanwhile this pipa is a magic weapon. It can send out a musical rhythm to defeat the enemy by tormenting brain and causing him to lose combatability. Now ladies and gentlemen, please come over to this side.(on the western side of the Heavenly King Hall)

The first one on this side is the Northern King---King of Virtue. He is so called because of his virtue. He is holding a parasol-shaped stela in his hand. The parasol can be opened into a canopy in Buddhist processions. It is at the same time a magic umbrella. Once it is opened in the battle field, the sky turns dark and a wind-storm rises, defeating the enemy with a dizzy spell and then it closes up capturing all the enemies. Next to him is the Western King---King of Far Sight.

He observes the world with his penetrating eyes. He is holding a dragon-shaped silk rope. The rope is actually a net, with which he converts people to Buddhism just like catching fish with a net. This dragon also has a magic power. It can spurt water from its mouth and drown the enemy in floods.

(in the Heavenly King Hall next to the rear door)

The Statue facing the rear door is Bodhisattva Skanda. He is always dressed in armour with a worrior’s club in his hand. Originally he was one of the eight heavenly generals under the Southern King of Developing Merits. Later he has been enshrined here because of his bravery. He is also a god of message, a fleet-foot runner, so when visitors come to the temple, he will immediately report to the Buddha in the Grand Hall.

Now ladies and gentlemen, that’s all for the Heavenly King Hall. Please follow me and look out the threshold and the steps.

Now we can see a giant tripod in the courtyard. It is actually a giant incense burner. It was donated by some Buddhist laymen who believed that by donating something the Buddha they can help purify the souls of their dead relatives from sins and relieve them from purgatory.

Now this is the main hall, known as the Grand Hall or Grand Hall of the Great Sage. It is the main structure in every Buddhist temple, where the statue of Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism is enshrined.

黄山，位于安徽省南部，地处皖南歙县、黟县和休宁县的边境。面积约1200平方公里，其中精粹风景区约154平方公里。这里，千峰竞秀，有奇峰72座，其中天都峰、莲花峰、光明顶都在海拔1800米以上，拔地极天，气势磅礴，雄姿灵秀。

黄山，中国十大风景名胜之一，90年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化与自然遣产”名录，蜚声中外，令世人神往。

黄山集名山之长，泰山之雄伟，华山之险峻，衡山之烟云，庐山之瀑，雁荡之巧石，峨嵋之秀丽，黄山无不兼而有之。明代旅行家、地理学家徐霞客两游黄山，赞叹说：“登黄山在下无山，观止矣!”又留下“五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳”的美誉。

Of all the notable mountains in China, Mount Huangshan, to be found in the south of Anhui province, is probably the most famous. Originally known as Mt. Yishan it was renamed Mt. Huangshan in 747 AD in recognition of the legendary Huang Di, who was the reputed ancestor of the Chinese people and who made magic pills for immortality here.

Wu yue is the collective name given to Chinas most important mountains, namely Mt. Taishan in Shandong Province, Mt. Huashan in Shaanxi Province, Mt. Hengshan in Shanxi Province, Mt. Songshan in Henan Province and Mt. Hengshan in Hunan Province. It is said that you wont want to visit any other mountains after seeing wu yue but you wont wish to see even wu yue after returning from Mt. Huangshan. This saying may give you some idea of the beauty and uniqueness of Mt. Huangshan. Together with the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Great Wall, Mt. Huangshan has become one of the great symbols of China.

Mt. Huangshan can boast not only of its magnificence but also its abundant resources and great variety of zoological species, for which it has been listed as a World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site. 朋友们，你们好!现在我们已经到达黄山风景区南边重镇汤口。在这里先向诸位介绍一下黄山风景的概况。

黄山，位于中国安徽省南部，属中国南岭山脉的部分，全山面积约1200平方公里。黄山山系中段，是黄山的精华部分，也就我们要游览的黄山风景区，面积约154平方公里。它在黄山市境内，南邻歙县、徽州区、休宁县和黟县，北连黄山区;这五个县、区也都属于黄山市管辖。

黄山在中国唐代以前叫黟山，黟是黑样子，因为山上岩石多青黑青黑的，古人就给它起这样一名字。传说咱们中华族的先祖轩辕黄帝在完成中原统一在业、开创中华文明之后，来到这里采药炼丹，在温泉里洗澡，因而得道仙。唐朝著名的皇帝明皇李隆基非常相信这个说法，就在天宝六年(747年)下了一道诏书，将黟山改名黄山。意思是，这座山是黄帝的山。从那以后，黄山这个名字就一直到现在。

朋友们，你们不远千，甚至万里到这里，就要亲眼看一看黄山的美吗?不就是要感受一次人生快乐吗?是的，黄山是绝美绝美的，可说天第奇山，能够登临它，亲眼看看它，确实是人生的一大乐事。在很久很久前，在漫 长地质历史代，大自然的无穷力，塑造了黄山那绝美的风采和种种奇特的景观，令人倾倒，令人心醉。

在这里，我把黄山“四绝”分别作个介绍吧。

说起黄山“四绝”，排在第一的当是奇松。黄山松奇在什么地方呢?首先是奇在它无比顽强的生命力，凡有土的方就能出草木和庄稼，而黄松则是从坚硬的黄岗岩石里长出来的。黄山到处都生长着松树，它们长峰顶，长悬崖峭壁，长在深壑幽谷，郁郁葱葱，生机勃勃。千百年来，它们就是这样从岩石迸裂出来，根儿深深扎进岩石缝里，不怕贫瘠干旱，不怕风雷雨雪，潇潇洒洒，铁骨铮铮。你能说不奇吗?其次是，黄山松还奇在它那特有的天然造型。从总体来说，黄山松的针叶短粗稠密，叶色浓绿，枝干曲生，树冠扁平，显出一种朴实、稳健、雄浑的气势，而每一处松树，每一株松树，在长相、姿容、气韵上，又各各不同，都有一种奇特的美。人们根据它们的不同的形态和神韵，分别给它们起了贴切的自然而又典雅有趣的名字，如迎客松、黑虎松、卧龙松、龙爪松、探海松、团结松等等。它们是黄山奇松的代表。

怪石，是构成黄山胜景的又一“绝”。在黄山到处都可以看到奇形怪异的岩石，这些怪石的模样儿千差万别，有的像人，有的像物，有的有的反映了某些神话传说和历史故事，都活灵活现，生动有趣。在121处名石中，知名度更高一些的有“飞来石”、“仙人下棋”、“喜鹊登梅”、“猴子观海”、“仙人晒靴”、“蓬莱三岛”、“金鸡叫天门”等。这些怪石有的是庞然大物，有的奇巧玲珑;有的独立成景，有的是几个组合或同奇松巧妙结合成景。还些怪石因为观赏位置和角度变了，模样儿也就有了变化，成了一石二景，如“金鸡叫天门”又叫“五老上天都”，“喜鹊登梅”又叫“仙人指路”就是移步换景的缘故。也还有些怪厂，在不同条件下看，会产生不能的联想，因而也就有了不同的名字，如“猴子观海”又叫“猴子望太平”便是。

再说云海。虽然在中国其它名山也能看到云海，但没有一个能比得上黄山云海那样壮观和变幻无穷。大约就是这个缘故，黄山还有另外一个名字，叫“黄海”。这可不是妄称，是有历史为证的。明朝有位著名的史志学家叫潘之恒，在黄山住了几十年，写了一部60卷的大部头书--黄山山志，书名就叫《黄海》。黄山的一些景区、宾馆和众多景观的命名，都同这个特殊的“海”有关联，有些景观若在云海中观赏，就会显得更加真切，韵味也更足了。这些也都证明，“黄海”这个名字是名副其实的。

最后，介绍一下温泉。我们常讲的和游览的温泉是前山的黄山宾馆温泉，古时候又叫汤泉，从紫石峰涌出。用它命名的温泉景区，是进入黄山南大门后最先到达的景区。温泉水量充足，水温常年保持在42度左右，水质良好，并含有对人体有益的矿物质，有一定的医疗价值，对皮肤病，风湿病和消化系统的疾病，确有一定的疗效。但是只能浴，不能饮;过云说它可以饮用，是不科学的。

为人所不知的是黄山还有第五绝，那就是冬雪，轻盈的雪花纷纷扬扬，夹带着云雾，伴随着山风没在山恋上追逐，在深谷中飞腾。黄山骤然间换了模样，满目的苍绿不见了，到处朴树迷离，一切都是显得晶莹透亮。古人形容说：“一夜寒风起，万树银华开。”整个黄山宛如一个银色的世界，仿佛身处水晶宫。 除了“五绝”之外，黄山的瀑布、日出和晚霞，也是十分壮观和奇丽的。

Friends, Hello! Now that we have arrived at the Huangshan scenic area south of city of tangkou. Here to give you some information about Huangshan scenerys profile.

The yellow mountain, located in the southern part of Anhui Province, is part of the nanling mountains, China, the whole mountain area is about 1200 square kilometers. Middle section of the Huangshan mountains, are the best parts of the yellow mountain, we also want to visit Huangshan scenic area, covering an area of about 154 square kilometers. It internally in Huangshan city, South o she County, Huizhou district, xiuning County and Yixian County, North Huangshan District; the five counties, districts are under the jurisdiction of Huangshan city. Huangshan in China before the Tang dynasty named Black Mountain, black is black, blue black blue black rocks on the Hill, the ancients gave it this name. Legend of Chinese ancestors Emperor Huangdi in the us following the completion of Zhongyuan harmonized working, creating Chinese civilization, came here to herb of immortality, bath in the hot springs, which attained the immortal. Famous Tang dynasty of Emperor Ming Huang Li long JI is believe it, in tempo, six years (747) under the edict, rename the Black Mountain Huangshan. Mean, this mountain is a mountain of Yellow Emperor. From then on, the name Huangshan has been up to now.

Friends, not far from thousands of you, even miles here, will do down and take a look at the beauty of Huangshan? Isnt it just to feel a life happy? Yes, Huangshan is a beautiful beautiful, can be said that the mountain of the day, be able to climb it, and see that it is indeed a great joy in life. In a long, long time ago, in a long geological history, natures infinite force, shaped Huangshan the exquisite elegance and all sorts of exotic landscapes, stunning, is enchanted.

Here, I put the yellow mountain “four unique” respectively, made a presentation.

Speaking of Huangshan mountain “four”, ranked first was pine. Huangshan songqi in what place? First of all, is singular in its strong vitality, where soil-vegetation and crops, and Ponderosa are long out of the yellow gang of hard rock. Huangshan pines everywhere, they peak, long cliffs, long in shenhe Valley, lush and vibrant. For thousands of years, this is how they burst out from rock, root deep into the crevices of rocks, not afraid of marginal arid, without fear of rain and snow storm, Selsun, tieguzhengzheng. Can you say do not odd? Secondly, Huang Shansong also singular in its unique natural style. In General, Huang Shansong conifer stubby dense, dark green leaf color, branches with curved, Crown flat, showing a simple, robust, powerful and imposing, but every pine tree, each strain pine on the looks, sapling, and spirit, all different, there is a strange beauty. People according to their different patterns and romantic charm, respectively, give them appropriate natural and elegant and interesting names, such as welcoming pine, black tiger pine, pine Pinus, Dragon claw, in Wolong research on Korean pine Pinus, unity, and so on. They are the

Huangshan pine representatives.

Stone, is constituted of scenery in Huangshan mountain and a “must”. In Huangshan everywhere you can see strange and odd-shaped rock, these stones vary, some people, some like, some of it reflects some myths and legends and historical stories, vivid, lively and interesting. Stone at 121, the popularity of higher “flying stone”, “fairy play”, “magpie”, “sea monkey view”, “immortal Sun boots”, “three Penglai island” and “Rooster call gate”.

These rocks have a behemoth, some of Kit Kat exquisite; separate scenes, sometimes combining several ingeniously combined with pine or King. Some formations for viewing location and angle had changed, also changed, became a stone of the second King, such as the “golden rooster called heaven” also called the “five old God”, “magpie” also known as “fairy Guide” is a moving account of the change of scenery. Also had some strange plants, under different conditions, not Lenovo, therefore has a different name, such as “sea monkey view” also known as “monkey Wang Taiping” is.

Clouds again. Although clouds can also see other mountains in China, but none can match the spectacular Huangshan clouds and is constantly changing. About this, there is another name of Huangshan, known as “yellow”. Its not in vain, there is historical evidence. Famous Shi Zhixue called Pan Zhiheng of the Ming dynasty, lived in Huangshan mountain for decades, wrote a voluminous book of 60 volumes--Huangshan mountain records, titles of the Yellow Sea.

Huangshan scenic spots, hotels and many other landscape named with this special “sea” Association, some landscape ornamental in the clouds, to be even more true, charm was also more. These have proved that the “Yellow Sea” that is worthy of the name.

Finally, tell us about the hot springs. We often say, and before the tour of hot springs is the Huangshan Mountain Hotel Spa, in ancient times called tangquan, from purple Pinnacle emission. Named with its hot spring scenic spot, is the first to arrive after entering the southern gate of Huangshan scenic spot. Hot spring water is sufficient, water temperatures remained at about 42 degrees year-round, water well, and contains useful minerals for the human body, there are some medical value, skin diseases, rheumatism and diseases of the digestive system, does have a certain effect. But only bath, you cannot drink; said it is drinkable, is not science.

Known unknown is a fifth of Huangshan must, its winter and snow, snowflakes swirl of light, clamp with mist, accompanied by the mountain breeze didnt love chasing the mountain, fly in a ravine. Huangshan suddenly changed his appearance, land of pale green is gone, Park trees everywhere blurred, everything is shining brilliantly. The ancients described: “one night, chilling trees YINHUA opened. ”Yellow mountain like a silver world as a whole, as if being in a Crystal Palace.

In addition to “land with five unique features”, the waterfall of the yellow mountain, Sunrise and sunset, are spectacular and strange.