山东导游词英文最新20篇

Famen Temple is located in Chongzheng town (now Famen town), 10 kilometersnorth of Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province, 120 kilometers east of Xian and 96kilometers west of Baoji. In April 1987, the underground palace of Famen Templewas excavated. The Buddha finger relic and a large number of rare treasures ofthe Tang Dynasty were unearthed. Among them, 121 pieces of dazzling gold andsilver ware, 17 pieces of exquisite glass ware, 16 pieces of lost "secret colorporcelain" ware, and more than 700 pieces of brocade, silk, Luo, yarn, silk, Qi,embroidery and other textiles were unearthed. This batch of cultural relics israre both at home and abroad for its numerous types, large quantity, excellentquality, fine workmanship, high grade and well preserved. This archaeologicaldiscovery immediately caused a huge sensation at home and abroad, expertspointed out: the Buddha finger relic and cultural relics unearthed in FamenTemple is another major discovery in Shaanxi Province after the pit ofterracotta warriors and horses.

According to experts research, Famen Temple was first built in theNorthern Wei Dynasty, around 499 A.D., and the remaining stele of ThousandBuddhas in the Northern Wei Dynasty was built shortly after the pagoda waserected. At that time, it was called "asokang Temple" (or "wuyouwang Temple").In the Sui Dynasty, the Buddhist temples were changed into Daochang, and theasokang temple was changed into Chengshi temple. The Tang Dynasty was the heydayof Famen Temple. With its prominent position as a royal temple, it held sevengrand activities to welcome the Buddha bones, which had a profound impact onBuddhism and politics in the Tang Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan,Emperor Gaozong, changed his name to "Famen Temple". In the second year of Wude(619), Li Shimin, king of Qin, spent 80 monks in Famen Temple. Huiye, a monk ofBaochang temple, was the first abbot of Famen Temple. During the reign ofZhenguan in Tang Dynasty, Ayu king tower was rebuilt into a four level woodentower. In the third year of zongdali (768), the Tang Dynasty was renamed "thereal body pagoda of protecting the country". Since the reign of Zhenguan, theTang government has spent a lot of manpower and financial resources on theexpansion and heavy work of Famen Temple. There are more and more halls andpavilions in the temple, more and more magnificent pagodas, and more and moreextensive areas. Finally, a grand temple with 24 courtyards was formed. Thenumber of monks and nuns in the temple has increased from more than 500 in Zhouand Wei dynasties to more than 5000. It is the largest temple in the "threeauxiliary" area.

张家口大镜门的英文导游词

Hello,everyone!

Welcome to Zhangjiakou.My name is Liujingzhen,a tour guide of Happy Jurney Agency.Our driver is Mr Li,and the car we take is a East branded,white coloured,with the number 666888.Please pay your good attention to it.I’m glad to serve as your guide today.Here,please allow me to express our hornest greetings to all of you on behalf of our agency.Now,please keep your body-baggage in good care and be ready for getting on.

(in the car)

Now it’s 8:00 sharp,January 7th,2005.With the new year’s happy atmosphere,I hope we can have a enjoyable holiday together.I have to remind you that the weather in the north is very cold ,so please keep yourselves warm enough.

Let me say something about our trip. Hebei is situated at the north of the lower reaches of Huanghe River (Yellow River). Its capital is Shijiazhuang.At the Spring and Autumn Period, because the Kingdom of Yan dominated its northern area, while the Kingdom of Zhao occupied its southern area, Hebei was called The Land of Yan and Zhao.

Now we are going to Zhangjiakou,it located in the northwest of Hebei, 1990 kilometers away from Beijing, is the border area of Beijing.There are 4 districts and 13 counties under the administration of the government,Zhangjiakou has a long history and there are many cultural relics and places of historic interests,which are kept as witness of history,telling us stories that once happened in this old land.

北京长城英文导游词 ·岳阳楼英文导游辞 ·重庆英文导游词 ·西藏英文导游词

(get off)

Ok,we arrive at our destination now.Please take all your baggages,we are going to get off.Take is easy,we have enough time.Would you please give a second look to the car we take :East branded,white coloured.

Now this is Dajingmen Gate,it locates in the nouthern part of Zhangjiakou.Two mountains named Eastern and Western peace stand facing each other..In 1927,when general Gao Weiyue,the superior of Chahaer mounted it ,impressed by the plains and mountains,he wrote down such words:大好河山.These four words is of great strength,in compliance with Dajingmen.

Dajingmen Gate witnessed the prosperity and downfall of the frontier tea-horse trade in the Ming Dynasty. It also made merchants both home and abroad gather in the leather metropolis, i.e. It became an important commercial pass because of the well-known leather, lamb and dried mushroom..

In 1673,the twelfth year of Kangxi,emperor of the Qing,Wu Sangui rebelled.Under the leading of the emperor Kangxi,thousands of brave Qing soldiers outside the Great Wall crossed Dajingmen Gate in force and marched southward,making a foundamental contribution to the repression of the “Three Region Rebellion”.Shortly after that,Ge erdan,chief of a northern tribe,led his army to invade and disturb southward for several times,making a substantial loss to the business between Zhangjiakou and Kulun,which is Wulanbatuo nowadays.So the eight business men who had provided the Qing with consistant arms and surplies before and after Qing’s crossing of the Great Wall,and therefore were granted great honor,wrote to emperor Kangxi,asking for a suppression.

The emperor had the idea to suppress them long before,so in the year1697,he led punitive expedition against Ge erdan in person for the third time.The main troop acrossed the very place: Dajingmen Gate,and marched northword.The local people gave a warm farewell to the army and served a good refreshment.Finally this war ended with the chief’s suiside.Under the suggestion of the local people when heard the happy news,a Literator called Zhang Zicheng wrote down some words:内外一统,which means all around China unified.Then they carved it on a piece of flat cliff.And now,although 300 yesrs has gone,it remains legible and in a good condition after so many years of corrosion of wind and rain.It embodies Chinese people’s desire for unity of country and peace of living.

Till now,our visit of Dajingmen Gate is going to be over.Wish today’s visit bring you satisfaction and enjoyment.

Ladies and Gentlemen:now we are on the way to the airport.In this departure time,I appreciate deeply our friendship.Although we only have spent less than five days together,we have visited Chengde Summer Resort and East Mausoleum of Qing,appreciated the beautiful sight of Baishang grassland,watched the excellent performance and tasted the local flavour.

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在崂山白沙河上游，白沙河源出山顶北麓，河水经山脚而折流，有九折;人行河畔小路，转折处须涉水而过，亦九涉;每涉一次为一水，故称九水。九水又分内九水、外九水(即北九水)和南九水三路，其中以北九水的景观最为著名。一水至九水是从水的下游上数的。白沙河的上游为北九水，北九水又有内外之分，自大崂至太和观(即北九水村)为外九水，自太和观至靛缸湾(鱼鳞口、潮音瀑)为内九水。北九水是内外九水的分点，也是一个极为清幽的风景点。现在太和观已改建为北九水小学。由此逆流至内九水的终点--靛缸湾瀑布，为清一色的花岗石石板路，大约3公里。北九水村滚水桥左侧的大水潭为内九水的一水沿流而上至双石屋村，村中房屋全是石砌，村外有一深潭，这里就是二水。再往前行就到了三水，这俗称“鹰窝河”。 越过四水，就到了著名的“飞凤崖”，即五水。

再行不远，是一片赫黄色的摩天巨崖。巨崖的石纹一律横向，这就是六水有名的“锦帆屏”也叫做“锦帆嶂”。和锦帆屏相连的还有高耸入云的“连云崖”，这里就是七水。再往前就是八水的“牙门”，由此向上攀登，就到了九水的“金华谷”。峰回路转，即听到瀑布的如雷巨声。内九水的尽点靛缸湾亦称“潮音瀑”三个大字。泉水随山势三折而落，最后倾入靛缸湾。湾内水深石壁上，刻有叶公绰写的“潮音瀑”三个大字。湾内水深石碧，呈靛兰色，水味甘冽。在夏秋之交雨水充足时，瀑布宽数米，以排山倒海之势倾入湾中，水沫飞溅，有如细雨，蔚为奇观。

白沙河上游河流，因山有九折，水有九曲得名，源于巨峰北麓之水，流入峡谷，一路群峰竟秀，万木争荣，佳景迭出，美不胜收，故有“九水画廊”之美誉。。以北九水疗养院“九水界桥”为界分内九水外九水，全长9.5公里，是白沙河的中游峡谷地带。内外九水共有18道湾，涧水遇峰必折，折处旋成深潭，形成一处景观，各具特色，纷呈异景，《胶澳志》称北九水之景为：“水作龙吟，石同虎踞，音乐图画，文本天成。”在崂山十二景中，最为秀丽多姿的当数“九水明漪”。清代即墨文人黄襀有诗赞曰：“怪石嶙峋路可封，一川九曲出盘龙。溪边疑有胡麻饭，身在桃源第几重。”

北九水景区还有十八潭，统称为九水十八潭。一水有“至柔潭”，二水有“居卑潭”、“未封潭”、“未始潭”，三水有“无隅潭”、“无极潭”，四水有“自取潭”、“俱化潭”、“中虚潭”，五水有“有间潭”、“得鱼潭”，六水有“得意潭”、“无几潭”、“不滞潭”，七水有“餐霞潭”、“饮露潭”，八水有“清心潭”，九水有“洗耳潭”、“潮音瀑”等重要景点。游览区内建有旅游度假村和疗养院。曾以“九水明漪”之誉列崂山十二景之一。

Hello! Warmly welcome to Mount Tai! In the following time, I will visitMount Tai with you and introduce Mount Tai, a natural and cultural heritage. Ihope that through my introduction, you will be deeply impressed by MountTai.

Now, in front of us is Mount Tai. It is located in the middle of ShandongProvince, east of Jinpu railway, in the east of China, so it is calledDongyue.

Mount Tai is a magnificent mountain with beautiful scenery, ranking firstamong the five mountains. Therefore, in ancient times, it was known as "thelength of the five mountains", "the sole ancestor of the five mountains" and"the sole respect of the five mountains". The tour area has increased from 19. 5square kilometers to nearly 70 square kilometers now.

There are many poems about the scenery of Mount Tai. Now I would like tointroduce two of them to you

After 18 sets

There are eighteen roads in Lingxue, and three passes in the mountains.

Listen to the Green rhyme of the warblers singing in the mountains, andstep on the stone steps to dream into the clouds.

Wash the heart, pour the silver river, forget yourself, turn over the bluesea and sky.

People are unique, and I dont know whats on earth.

On the top of Jade Emperor

Three into the gate of heaven, stepping on the blue clouds, the JadeEmperor to see heaven and earth.

There is no other thing to see at nine oclock in Qizhou.

The universe is smooth without inside and outside, and the country is vastwithout depth.

The Millennium historic sites are full of dreams, and the independent windis full of dust.

This tall and ancient Mount Tai contains rich natural and culturalaccumulation.

Dear friends, thats all for my introduction. Next, take your time to visitthe places you are interested in,

Watch carefully!

Hebei Shanhaiguan Great Wall is the entrance of the Great Wall. "The key ofthe two capitals is unparalleled, and the first pass of the Great Wall" belongsto Shanhaiguan, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province. With a total length of 26 km,it mainly includes: laolongtou Great Wall, Guancheng Great Wall in the south,north, Jiaoshan Great Wall, SANDAOGUAN great wall and jiumenkou Great Wall.Laolongtou Great Wall is the end part of the great wall into the sea, with thereputation of "the soul of China".

Shanhaiguan city is composed of seven Castles: Guan City, Dongluo City,Xiluo City, South Wing City, North Wing City, Weiyuan city and Ninghai city.There are 4769 meters long, 11.6 meters high and more than 10 meters thick wallsaround. The walls are tall, solid and magnificent. There are four gates in theEast, West, South and North, turrets in the East, South and northeast, andmagnificent bell and drum towers in the middle of the city. The scale of thewhole acropolis is magnificent, and the defense project is solid. Shanhaiguanwas the product of the establishment of the "garrison system" in Ming Dynasty.The "garrison system" and reform policy in Ming Dynasty played an important rolein the consolidation and development of Shanhaiguan.

Shanhaiguan Great Wall is composed of seven Castles: Guancheng, Dongluo,Xiluo, Nanyi, Beiyi, Weiyuan and Ninghai. It is surrounded by walls of 4769meters long, 11.6 meters high and more than 10 meters thick. The walls are tall,solid and magnificent. There are four gates in the East, West, South and North,turrets in the East, South and northeast, and magnificent bell and drum towersin the middle of the city. The scale of the whole acropolis is magnificent, andthe defense project is solid. Shanhaiguan was the product of the establishmentof the "garrison system" in Ming Dynasty. The "garrison system" and reformpolicy in Ming Dynasty played an important role in the consolidation anddevelopment of Shanhaiguan.

Since the establishment of Shanhaiguan, there have been frequent exchangesbetween merchants and active economic and trade activities, which played animportant role in developing friendly exchanges between nationalities, promotingeconomic and cultural exchanges, protecting the capital and consolidating therule of the Ming Dynasty. No matter from scale, layout or structure, the customsand customs are rare in Chinas ancient architectural history. It is also theessence of the Great Wall, and is a rare masterpiece in Chinas ancient citystreasure house. Shanhaiguan is a treasure of ancient Chinese architecture and aprecious historical legacy of the motherland.

The temples in Shanhaiguan area developed rapidly in Ming and QingDynasties. The most famous temple buildings are: the remarkable temple, theConfucian Temple, the mosque, the San Qing Guan, the virgin temple, the TownGods Temple, the Beihai temple, the Dragon God Temple, the Thean Hou Temple,Erlang temple and so on.

The streets and alleys of Shanhaiguan and Guancheng are typicalcheckerboard layout. The streets and alleys of Guancheng are connected withresidential buildings with rich local color.

The Great Wall is a historical monument of the wisdom and hard work of theChinese nation, and the Great Wall is an important part of the Great Wall, whichis the world-famous place where the Great Wall enters the sea. At present, theGreat Wall in Shanhaiguan has a total length of 26 kilometers, mainly including:laolongtou Great Wall, South Wing Great Wall, Guancheng Great Wall, North WingGreat Wall, Jiaoshan Great Wall, SANDAOGUAN great wall and jiumenkou GreatWall.

Shanhaiguan, also known as "Yuguan", is the starting point of the northeastend of the great wall of Ming Dynasty. It is located 15 kilometers northeast ofQinhuangdao City, and has the reputation of "the first pass in the world".Shanhaiguan scenic spot is a famous historical and cultural ancient city andsummer resort with many places of interest, beautiful scenery and pleasantclimate. There are more than 90 places of interest with development andornamental value in the area, forming six major scenic spots, namely "old dragonhead", "mengjiangnu Temple", "Jiaoshan", "the first pass in the world","Changshou mountain" and "Yansai Lake". Among them, the essence of Chinasancient the Great Wall is the the Great Wall of Shanhaiguan. The East startingpoint of the great wall of Ming Dynasty is laolongtou, where the great wallmeets with the sea, with blue sea and Jinsha, and the sky opens to the sea. Thefamous "No.1 pass in the world" is towering. It is known as "pinghan in thecapital and the throat of liaozuo". The great wall of Jiaoshan mountain iswinding, with steep beacon towers and picturesque scenery. The "rain andsunshine in the mountain temple, Ruilian holding the sun" and the wonderful"Qixian Buddha light" in the "eight scenes of Yuguan" attract many touriststourist. Meng Jiangnu temple is a moving story of Jiang Nus seeking husband, aChinese folk legend. Chen Yun and his poem praise that "the Great Wall is builtby the sweat and blood of many anonymous people. Experts and scholars have noway to verify it, but a generation of heroes with all names are actually a kindof glory in half the sky.". Xuanyang cave, the largest natural granite cave innorthern China, is like a paradise with strange caves, strange rocks andgurgling springs. Yansai lake is a beautiful pearl outside the Great Wall.

日照市万平口海滨风景区是市区内*大的景区，海岸线长5000米，占地面积760万平方米，她以优美宜人的自然环境、湿润清新的空气、宽阔洁净的沙滩、清澈透明的海水和明媚灿烂的阳光著称于世，游客们在此可以进行沙滩浴、海水浴、日光浴、沙滩浴、沙滩排球等运动，是*能体现日照“蓝天、碧海、金沙滩”特色的景区。

风景区内的生态公园是景区的中心区域，景区突出生态和海洋的主题，融入了人与自然和谐共处的理念，集广场、绿地、餐饮、购物、停车、娱乐、洗浴为一体，是日照“海滨生态市、东方太阳城”的重要标志，也是日照市对外开放的重要窗口和市民休闲、娱乐的城市客厅。每年接待中外游客320万人次以上，*高峰时日接待游人可达15万人次。

景区内的泻湖，是天然的避风港，历代都是商船停泊之地，有“万艘船只平安抵达口岸”之意，因此取名万平口，同时也寓意万事平安，一生平安。万坪口泻湖曾是一片平静美丽的内海，现已被当地渔民改造成养鱼池。有关人士目前正在构思一个神话般的设想，把万坪口泻湖建成一个古典式水城，名字采用日照市的古名—海曲水城。相信有一天，这个具有古典风味的水上城市会降临。

20xx、20xx年欧洲级、470级世界帆船锦标赛和20xx年全国首届水上运动会就将在这里举行。 景区采用全方位、全天候、开放式管理模式，以细微服务、真情服务为根本，以追求社会效益，打造日照形象为己任。先后荣获了省级巾帼文明示范岗、省级文明诚信单位、省级青年文明号、省细微服务示范企业等荣誉称号。

从万坪口浴场向北延伸10公里，与山海天浴场相连，构成一个巨大的海湾。湾内全部是优质沙滩，水清沙细，布局开阔，背倚茂密的松林，是一个巨大的天然浴场，可容纳30万人洗浴。

游客可观海上日出，乘快艇游览海上风光，进行海水浴、沙滩排球、海上垂钓等娱乐项目。游客可在景区内的海景宾馆、海鲜城等餐饮场所用餐，可容纳600多人同时用餐。可入住景区内的海景宾馆等，能容纳300人同时入住。在景区商店可购买工艺品、纪念品、海产品等。

五月三日，我跟妈妈到济南九如山去看瀑布的了!

车走了两个半小时，在山上行使了一个小时，终于到了目的地——九如山。

远远一望，九如山满是一片绿，有深有浅，就像用毛笔不均匀的点上。远处的山朦朦胧胧，好像被薄雾封住了一样，只要人一进去，就消失了一般......

据说九如山是个大瀑布群，可到那一看，我很有些奇怪，这么绿，那里有什么水?!

走入山中，哇，我能看清对面山上的小溪了!我迫不及待的爬过第一座小山头，顺着溪水来到了另外的一座山头，终于看到瀑布了!!! 这还只是一个小小的瀑布，水底的乱石已经被冲的滑滑的了，上面还铺了一层层黄黄的叶子，脚踩在上面软软的，舒服极了。慢慢的往山上爬着，中间我们又遇到了许多许多的小瀑布.....终于在我们累的精疲力尽的时候，看到山顶峰最为壮观的大瀑布。

它大约有三米多高，水冲到石头上，溅起一朵朵洁白的浪花，浪花四处飞扬，煞是好看!顺着瀑布往上找去，终于发现它的源头，原来是一眼清泉，名叫“大雪泉”!那可真是一个美丽的泉水呀，周围绿树环绕，泉边布满大大小小不一的石头，泉眼在那汪碧绿碧绿的泉水中央，咕嘟咕嘟的冒着水泡，好像在唱着欢快的高高低低的歌声......

时间快到了，我跟妈妈恋恋不舍的下了山，楼梯好陡好陡.....

回到家后，我还在念念不忘.....

We all know the Bund in Shanghai. It can be seen that it is one of the mostprosperous places in China, but the former captivity also made her have amiserable history: in 1845, Britain made her concession, and in 1849, Francealso occupied the Bund. But how beautiful and prosperous she is in front of theworld today!

Last summer vacation, my mother and I came to this loess land known as the"World Architecture Expo". As soon as I arrived at my destination, the waves ofthe Huangpu River attracted my eyes. The green algae glided in the water, itsgentle and slender waist.

As soon as we got out of the car, we came to the Asia building, theheadquarters of China Pacific Insurance Company. The lintel of the building isalso designed in broken pattern, which is beautiful and vivid. Further on, wecame to Dongfeng Hotel, once the most luxurious club in Shanghai - ShanghaiFederation. It has a bar of more than 110 feet, known as the longest bar in theFar East. We went on and came to a red house. After the guides explanation, Irealized that this was the famous steamship investment promotion company.Walking along the Huangpu river bank, the famous tower of Shanghai is a glance:the Peace Hotel, Pudong development building and the Oriental Pearl TV Toweropposite the Huangpu River, the world financial center.

At the end of Shili Nanjing Road, there is a bronze statue. He stares atthe flowers and grass here. Who is he? He is general Chen Yi, the first mayor ofShanghai in New China. Looking at the statue, I can see General Chen Yisinspection work in the wind and rain. His simple image and amiable, open-mindeddemeanor

Once again deeply imprinted in my heart.

Its getting dark. We came to the hotel, ate in a hurry, and then we wentback to the Bund. At this time, the sky has become dark red, and the lights ofthousands of families have been turned on in the sky. We came to the "Bundcruise terminal" to take a boat sightseeing.

We came to the cruise ship, the ship slowly driving on the Huangpu River,the lights on the shore printed on the water, as if it had become a wide pair ofoil paintings, water, quiet, seemingly dark but bright. After getting off theboat, we went straight to the tallest building in Shanghai, the world financialcenter.

We took the high-speed elevator in the global financial center. I heardthat it had a maximum speed of 10 meters per second. In less than 2 minutes, wearrived at the top of the building. The floor was transparent everywhere.Walking on it was really a pleasure to "see all the mountains and small ones".At first glance, there are colorful lights everywhere, cars are shuttling, andthe Huangpu River is even more beautiful. The stars on the opposite side of theOriental Pearl TV Tower rain are linked into one piece, forming a beautifulscene of "sky and even Pujiang". I heard that Shanghais electricity bill willspend nearly 300 thousand yuan a day.

I looked at the charming lights motionless, only feel the heart clear aswater, I, intoxicated!

大家都知道上海的外滩吧!那里可以看得上是我国最繁荣的地方之一，但曾经的被虏也让她有一段凄惨的历史：1845年，英国吧她划为了自己的租界地，1849年，法国也强占了外滩。可今天呈现在世人面前的她又是多么美丽多么繁荣呀!

去年暑假，我和妈妈一同来到了这个被人们称为"万国建筑博览"的黄土地上。刚到目的地，这黄浦江的水浪就深深的吸引了我的眼球，青绿的水藻在水里滑动这它那轻柔又纤细的腰肢。

一下车，我们来到了中国太平洋保险公司总部：亚细亚大楼，它的门楣上还运用了断花式的设计，优美生动。再往前走，我们来到了东风饭店，曾经，他是上海最豪华的俱乐部——上海总会。它有一条110多英尺的吧台，号称远东最长的吧台。我们继续前进，来到了一幢红房子前，经导游说明，我才知道，原来这就是当年大名鼎鼎的轮船招商局。漫步在这黄浦江岸，上海的名楼名塔一览无遗：和平饭店，浦东发展大厦以及黄浦江对面的东方明珠电视塔，环球金融中心......

来到十里南京路的尽头，那儿有一座青铜浇注的塑像，他凝视着这里的一花一草，他是谁呢?他就是新中国第一任上海市的市长——陈毅将军，看着着座塑像，我仿佛看到了陈毅将军当年在风雨中视查工作。他那种公朴的形象和和蔼可亲、虚怀若谷的风度

再一次深深的烙印在了我的心里。

天渐渐暗下来了。我们来到饭店，匆匆吃过之后，我们又回到外滩。此时的天已成了暗红色，天空中，万家的灯火也陆续打开了，我们来到"外滩游轮码头"打算坐船观光。

我们来到了游轮上，船在黄浦江上缓缓行驶，岸上的灯光印在水面上，仿佛成了一阔副油画，水，静静的，看似漆黑却透出亮丽。下了船后，我们直奔上海最高的建筑——环球金融中心。

我们在环球金融中心乘高速电梯，听说他有最高10米每秒的速度呢!不出2分钟，我们来到了楼顶100楼，在哪儿，地板都是透明的，走在上面真是有种"一览众山小"的快感。一眼望去，到处是五彩的灯火，到处是汽车在穿梭，那黄浦江也更美了，对面的东方明珠广播电视塔雨天上的星星连成一片，形成了"天星连浦江"的美丽景象，听说上海一天的电费就得花去近30万元呢!

我一动不动的望着这迷人的灯火，只觉得心清如水，我，陶醉了!

沂蒙山是泰沂山脉的两个支系，指的是以沂山、蒙山为地质坐标的地理区域，这里不仅只是革命老区这么简单，同时它还是一个相对独立的文化圈，历史上属于东夷文明，是古青州海岱文化的重要组成部分。

沂蒙山不仅是一个人文概念，同时也是一个旅游概念，沂蒙山旅游区位于山东省中南部，包含沂山景区、蒙山龟蒙景区、蒙山云蒙景区三个景区，核心景区面积148平方公里，是世界文化遗产齐长城所在地、世界著名养生长寿圣地，现为国家5A级旅游景区、国家森林公园、国家地质公园、国家水利风景区。

沂蒙山是东夷文化、镇山文化发祥地，历史文化底蕴丰厚，有大汶口文化、龙山文化、岳石文化等遗址几十处。曾有10朝16位帝王登封、诏祭，为中国五大镇山之首。孔子“登东山而小鲁”，诸多文人墨客、圣僧高道登临揽胜，弘法传道，留下大量碑碣铭文、诗章名句。齐长城遗址被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录，世界最大的单体雕刻寿星巨雕被载入吉尼斯世界纪录，旅游区内另有东镇庙、玉皇阁、雨王庙、万寿宫等知名人文景观110余处。

沂蒙山区是著名的红色革命老区，沂蒙精神是党和国家宝贵的精神财富。《沂蒙山小调》唱响海内外，被联合国教科文组织评为优秀民歌。由演唱的反映沂蒙山风光的民歌《谁不说俺家乡好》以最高票入选“嫦娥一号”卫星搭载歌曲飞向太空。沂蒙山旅游区是全国红色旅游经典景区，是全国红办重点调度的八大红色旅游目的地之一，被中央党校、国家行政学院列为全国党的群众路线实践教育基地。

沂蒙山旅游区自然风光秀丽，生态资源优良，森林覆盖率高达95%以上，负氧离子含量极高，是得天独厚的“天然氧吧”。沂蒙山素有“三十六峰七十二崮”之称，海拔千米以上高峰15座，层峦叠嶂，奇峰竞秀，最高峰龟蒙顶海拔1156米。境内峰峭、水澈、石奇、谷翠，春季山花烂漫，夏季飞瀑流泉，秋季红叶映照，冬季银装素裹。旅游区有狮子崮、歪头崮、九龙潭、情人谷、鹰窝峰、百丈瀑布、中国瀑布、悬崖栈道等高品质自然景观300余处。

Tourists friends:

You are good, welcome you to the north sea park visit tour.

Beihai park is located in the center of Beijing, is my garden extant most glorious, preserves one of most complete imperial garden, it has a history of nearly one thousand years

The development of the north sea garden started in liao dynasty, jin again on the foundation of liao dynasty start-up Yu Dading nineteen years (1179 years) to build great size too ning palace. So the kremlin lineage imperial gardens in China "a pool of three mountains" regulation, and move the bian city gen yue palace garden of taihu in jade island. To yuan four years (1267 years), back Kublai Khan etheric ning GongQiongHua island as the center construction, mostly jade island and the lake is classified as emperor, givennames longevity hill, too fluid pool in the eighteenth year of yongle (1420) Ming dynasty formally moved the capital Beijing, longevity hill, too fluid pool become YuYuan west of the Forbidden City, according to the west. In the Ming dynasty toward the south to develop the surface of the water, forming the pattern of the three sea. From the west in the Ming dynasty, qing dynasty qianlong period to massive rebuilding of the north sea, laid the scale and structure of ever since. After the xinhai revolution in 1925, the north sea park opening to the outside world. After new China was founded in 1949, the party and the government of the north sea park, attention to the protection of the huge sum of money to repair, in 1961 published by the state council as one of the first batch of dominated key cultural relics protection units.

The north sea is the art of Chinese historical gardens masterpiece. Dominated covers an area of 69 hectares, including the water of 39 hectares), is mainly composed of jade island, east and north shore scenic spot jade verdant trees on the island, the house has, pavilions, strewn at random have send, white tower stands a mountain, as the symbol of the park and around the weeping willows with city which lent, great rooms, original zhai, meditation, fast snow hall, the five dragon pavilions and the nine dragon screen, small buddhist paradise, and many other famous attractions, the north sea garden upholds hong kuo momentum of the north gardens and jiangnan private garden charm gracefuls and restrained is varied, and with the magnificent imperial palaces and religious temple solemn, diversity and one integrated mass, is the treasure of the Chinese garden art. The north sea is located in the northwest of Beijing the imperial palace, is the size of the existing in our country has a long history, magnificent ancient imperial palaces. Known as the world "XianShanQiongGe" here was the liao, jin, yuan, Ming and qing dynasty five dynasties royal "detached palace YuYuan Ming and qing dynasties, the north sea with China, the south China sea called the three hoi ching qianlong year large-scale expansion, the existing building is then built more, basically is the pattern of the now.

Beihai district can be divided into the jade island, TuanCheng, four north sea on the east and the north part of the center of the jade island is dominated, architecture, landscape on the island heavy and complicated and changeful, in eastern north sea surface is given priority to with the buddhist architecture, YongAnSi, enlightenment temple, tower, from bottom to top, strewn at random discretion, notably the towering pagoda is the most eye-catching; Such as floor of west yue heart temple, igawa clouds series construction is given priority to, otherwise read ancient building, ripple hall, double rainbow pavilions and many rockery tunnel, corridors, winding path construction, etc.

Many buildings on both sides of the north east, north, each has its own characteristics, there are original, city of lent, great and small buddhist paradise PuJian, meditation, such as five dragon pavilions and the nine dragon screen YuanZhongYuan and buddhist temple building north hainan to edgewater TuanCheng, standing in yongan bridge connected to the jade island; TuanCheng construction according to the central axis symmetry layout, main chengguang temple is located in the central, large scale, modelling is exquisite. Beihai park covers an area of 68 hectares, of which the surface of the water of 39 hectares total view of the north sea dominated architectural layout, the monastery as the center, take jade island as the main body of landscape in all directions. The top of the hill stands the white dagoba, built in the qing shunzhi eight years (in 1651), such as books and mantle around inside the lama DianGe is linked together, forming ZhongXingPengYue north shore of east lake, there are several yards, temple building near the lake if the five dragon pavilions like gone with the wind, constitutes the north sea and a unique landscape. Is located in the north shore of the nine dragon screen is majestic, for Chinas one of only three nine dragon screen "fangshan" to business in the garden of the qing dynasty palace is famous for its food.

Hatosy park, located in the south ring road of hefei an old outsourcing riverfront wuhu road, on the outside of city southeast of the old walls, due to the northern song dynasty official named bao and its descendants the land of the living. Was built in the scenic bao temple and packet cemetery, makes this a fair death honors the whole life of places of historic interests and respect all the people.

Bao Ming jiajing period, in reading the channel mouth piers built on bao temple, main hall sits eight feet tall statue of baogong involved, dynasty, mahan, get, yan-fang stand on both sides, and there are three Zha bibcock, tiger, dog; Both sides wing cemetery unearthed cultural relics on display package, including the family precepts and exhibits such as pao family tree. Temple east hexagonal pavilion has a well, legend corrupt officials drank Wells have a headache, so the name "CV 23". Hatosy southeast covers an area of 3 hectares of conifers, is the cemetery bao and his wife and children. To commemorate the one thousand anniversary of baogong involved in hatosy park to planning and construction on the basis of the original culture of baogong involved, hereinafter referred to as "package" park. Hatosy park in addition to the bao temple, cemetery, also a new sky court, bao memorial, benediction, such as square, the water fountain.

Reorganize built bao park, bao temple, bao cemetery, cool breeze pavilion three as the main scenic spot building, another footprint associated with bao tong, floating zhuang two open spots.

The footprints pond:

Originally hatosy a pond on a small island, it and jump to the hatosy, middle lies in hatosy. Footprints pond nearly 20 meters long, about 8 meters wide, as the giant left a deep footprint.

In the legend, bao zheng youth pier reading, often to visit here. Then north island did not "jade belt bridge", one day, zheng have a good time here think of to see the other side, the surface is not wide, but without a bridge without a boat, so had to suddenly jump forward. Because legend bao originally wanted heaven descent in the foetus, so that a single island left a deep and big footprints, over time to form a small pond, so people call it "footprints pond". This may be a myth legend, colour, for hefei citizens to baos admiration.

Floating zhuang:

Former academy of baogong involved, reconstruction in 1983, in August 20xx, and to build, covers an area of 20 mu. Its south and neighbouring packet cemetery, the wind pavilion, west and bao temple from afar is a set of the teahouse, the lotus pond, TingXie, winding scene of classical gardens built in accordance with the water, with jiangnan gardens and artistic architectural characteristics.

Floating around the green water swirl zhuang, like floating on the surface of the ancient village, so the former defense secretary general zhang aiping named "floating" zhuang for it.

Bao temple

Bao temple is located in hefei hatosy lake, south of the town, there is a long and narrow island, the island green trees, colorful flowers like scene, with a white wall park of ancient buildings is the temple of baogong involved, bao temple is the official representative figure in the history of Chinese baos ancestral temple. Hefei now bao temple has become a beautiful scenery. The four seasons here visitors constantly, as anyone who to hefei to honor the official history.

Hatosy lotus root

Hatosy lotus root is a big attraction, the lotus root silk, also symbolizes the bao zheng impartially. Lead all the nations.

刘公文化是刘公岛的主题文化之一，海圣殿将为您介绍乐善好施的刘公、刘母。

正殿里供奉的是刘公刘母两位老人，东西两侧分别为《汉末皇室浩劫图》、《刘公齐鲁漂泊图》，讲述了刘公、刘母的身世及漂泊刘公岛的史实。首先，我们看一下《汉末皇室浩劫图》。

东汉末年，宦官张让、赵忠等弄权作乱，历史上有“十常侍”之称，当时忠臣或被流放、或被杀戳，朝廷一片乌烟瘴气。公元189年，汉灵帝刘宏病逝，皇子刘辩继位，史称汉少帝。大家看到正中的这位就是少帝刘辩，这位就是他的爱妃唐妃，他们两位也就是刘公的父亲和母亲。 少帝即位仅半年时间，就被*臣董卓废黜，董另立其年仅九岁的同父异母弟弟刘协为帝，史称汉献帝。我们看壁画中武士强拉着的小男孩就是当时年仅九岁的汉献帝刘协，这位身材肥胖者就是董卓。

为了斩草除根，董卓命亲信用鸠酒毒杀少帝，同时假借刘协的旨意将少帝的母亲何太后赐死。又命令武士绞杀唐妃，当时唐妃已身怀六甲。

受命绞杀唐妃的这名武士曾经受过唐妃的恩惠，为了报恩，就在行刑时做了手脚，用蒙药将唐妃弄晕，假装被绞死，同时将这一消息告知了他宫外的朋友——弃官在家的正直官人郑泰。

当时，战乱不断，盗贼猖獗，洛阳城外无人看守的坟墓几乎全被盗掘。在唐妃被埋的当天晚上，有一个盗墓贼挖开了她的坟墓，打开棺材时，惊醒了唐妃，吓得盗墓贼仓慌落逃，遗落了一颗用于照明的夜明珠，唐妃拾到夜明珠后，被随后赶来的郑泰接走，郑泰将她护送到隐居在小龙山的孔子十九世孙孔荫的家中。

这位是曹操，当时他在宫中担任点军校尉一职，对宫中的一切变故他都耳闻目睹。对董卓的专横跋扈，他尤为不满，于是他便伺机行刺，后来行刺失败，曹操只好连夜逃出了洛阳城。 好，我们对面看一下《刘公齐鲁漂泊图》。

前面我们说到，曹操刺杀董卓失败后，仓慌逃出了洛阳。途中又误杀了小龙山附近的吕伯奢一家，官府着手在当地展开了大规模的排查。隐居的小龙山上的孔荫得知这一情况后，为了免遭官府排查，当然主要的原因是为了保护隐藏在自己家中的唐妃，便带着家人与化名为碧云的唐妃匆匆离开了小龙山。

The classmates, you all know Qingdao there are many scenic spots like pier, shilaoren, the rainforest valley, laoshan, 10 MeiAn, underwater world, zhongshan park, etc., they are all Qingdao "bright spot". Especially the trestle, shilaoren, laoshan, underwater world, a trip to visit people is an endless stream. There is also a scenic spot is given by nature and that is the sea.

The sea gives us a lot of opportunities, take the 20xx Olympic Games, for instance, Qingdao, is because of the sea, so can get the sailing events held. The sea. Has given us power, when you are tired, a glance at the sea, will vanish in fatigue. When you are stressed, looked at the boundless sea, will throw heart outside the cloud nine. The vast sea is like the sea of knowledge, let us know about the many, many. Underwater world is built under the sea.

In autumn, in laoshan, the rainforest valley, ten MeiAn is the autumn wind the leaves, the earth looks like a layer of orange on the shop carpet, the man walk on the soft, can be fun! And it is so beautiful.

Qingdao is so beautiful, I dont want this kind of beautiful landscape is those who litter destroyed, so we should protect the environment, make Qingdao a city with the sea more beautiful!

Distinguished guests:

How do you do! I entrusted by the tourism and hospitality sector, to visit the city qufu. Visit our warmest welcome to the guests. I had the privilege of guided Tours, for everyone is very happy, this is our common appreciation at a good opportunity to learn. See after please leave valuable advice.

First of all, to briefly introduce the general situation of the historical and cultural relics qufu.

Historical and cultural city qufu is Chinas ancient great thinker, educator, politician and relevant literature, the sage Confuciuss hometown, the hometown of SAN mencius, the ancestor of the Chinese nation is the birthplace of the yellow emperor yuan, the capital of yan, shang Yin old country, the capital of lu. Three sovereigns four interest-bearing work here, have a history of more than 5000 years. The underground is rich in treasures, the earth has many cultural relics. Existing 112 cultural relics, including the protection unit of the United Nations, the world cultural heritage, the three national protection 4, 12 at the provincial level, the other for the prefecture-level protection.

Top priority is "three hole two temple ling", "three mountain two linyi temple". Confucius, Confucius, konglin was suggested, commonly known as the "three holes", sacrifice Chinese yuan SAN duke of zhou temple, worship Confucius is the first big disciple after st YanHui temple, commonly known as "two temple"; "Ling" is the birthplace of the yellow emperor, long-lived QiuShaoHao ling; "Three mountains"; Confucius birthplace mountain ni, writing group of the Kowloon hills, small mount tai - nine town (also known as the nine mountain). Second is: the best mother in the world education child mother meng Lin, Confucius parents buried Liang Gonglin; "The temple" is li bai, du fu poetry, right, break up, the famous scholar direction reclusive country garden "stone temple".

We now see the Confucius temple.

Confucius temple, also called to the Confucian temple, is a sacrifice to Confucius and his wife Qi officers seventy-two sages and. Confucius temple and the imperial palace in Beijing and hebei chengde city summer resort said Chinas three major ancient building group. Expert of Confucius talked about the four words: construction time is the oldest, the most ambitious, most complete, Oriental architectural features the most outstanding. As you can see Confucius temple two questions: one is the great contribution of Confucius for China and the east culture; The second is skillful craftsman in history of China.

Confucius temple was built in 478 BC, built in the second year of the death of Confucius temple. At the Confucius temple, between three display of Confucius, clothes, cars, books, etc., at the age of "FengSi". Emperors have expansion on Confucius temple, overhaul, 15 had 31, minor repair hundreds of times to todays scale. Confucius temple imitated imperial palace architecture of the system, three road layout, nine yard, there are 466 houses, doors pavilion 54, something relatively in a central axis, has nearly one thousand pieces of stone tablet, covers an area of 327.5 mu, for up to two li and 150 meters. Now see Confucius temple is the size of the Ming hongzhi years. After the liberation national funding repair protect many times. Released the first national key cultural relics protection units in China, UNESCOs world heritage list in December 1994, the United Nations protected units of cultural relics, long time of Confucius temple architecture, epic scale, the intact is the worlds rare.

Shinto. "Maninsan wall" vigorous cooper before this section of the road to "Shinto". Important temples are designed to open before the respect of informed, called "Shinto".

Maninsan wall. The door is QuFuMing city is the south gate, is also the first door of Confucius temple, the hanging "maninsan wall" four characters, the qing emperor qianlong YuBi. It comes from Confucius disciple zi gong. Lu convention governors, zi gong extensive and profound knowledge is advanced, with Confucius, zi gong is present, immediately stand up and say, I dare not with my teacher Confucius than, learning is like a wall, I only have a towering high the wall, my teacher asked of several walls. That is to say, my knowledge is equal to a high head, shoulder be clear at a glance is profound; Confucius learning have me several times as much, after detailed research, a comprehensive discussion, to understand all of his, after entering the door, to see the beauty of the ancestral temple, head you cant see it at the door. Posterity to describe Confucius profound knowledge from teacher wall of towering, to "hundreds of towering", "towering" to the emperor of Ming dynasty named Confucius "civilian world," in this letter have "hh" Confucius learning, praise Confucius learning has ten thousand eight feet, look up, cant see the top, also said the wall deep wall high base is very strong. The four ZiYuan written by an imperial Ming, emperor qianlong to express his attention to Confucius, pro book "maninsan wall" changed his YuBi.

Good music lane. This workshop was built in the Ming dynasty, to consummate and perfect expression of Confucius learned, like the whole process, playing music in the intact all along. Accompanied by bell, bell up "first order", is qing ended, and the voice of the vibration "jade" as the qing fell, "organized, it will," said praise Confucius learning is a collection of ancient sage, so called "Kim seng and vibration jade", "Kim seng" the sound of the clock, the beginning, "vibration" jade qing, eventually. Which is the source of eps to "finish" idiom. "Good music" is a famous calligrapher of Ming dynasty Hu Zuanzong topic.

"Two cypress bear a hole". Anything vibration jade fang this single-arch bridge, each have a cooper, so called "two cypress bear a hole". This bridge is called: "panxi water bridge" and near the palace panxi pools of water are interlinked, so of "looking forward to water". Read the book of Confucius in the past, admitted to universities is called "hope", few are high, is hoping to get rich and live are thriving.

Dismount monument. Temple wall thing each set up a stone tablet, specially made in 1191 A.D. dismount tablet, under the car. Monument to the west of the early destruction, the east on the tablet "and officials like now dismount." In the past, officials and common people through its foot it dismount, in order to show respect for Confucius, Confucius temple.

Lingxingmeng door. Built in Ming dynasty, rebuilt in 1754 AD, from wooden to stone. "Fasten qianlong YuBi lingxingmeng door". Galaxy legend heaven "twenty BaSu", among them, there is a star called "lingxingmeng" in charge of the culture, also known as "wanted", "vibration day star", the Confucius linked with the tube culture star in the sky, said he is of the highest cultural aspects, such as in the past to worship, offering "wanted", Confucius as Buddha day.

Tai qi fang. This lane is built by the Ming dynasty in 1544 AD, highly praised the thoughts of Confucius, the proposition as "the universe can nurture space. Heaven and earth, the quartet of close, close of Yin and Yang", said the "tai" qi is the most basic things, the universe of taihe, the strength of the human world. "Tai qi" department of shandong province governor Ceng Xi calligraphy.

To the Confucian temple lane. Built in Ming dynasty "to the Confucian temple lane", is a white marble, act the role of flame orb.

Shall the heavens and the earth, the champions league at all. This monastery where transform to build a very peculiar memorial arch, wooden horn around edges, head one thousand renewal, there are eight monsters, is called "day dragon lion", from its majestic inspiration, can drive out evil, they just. Saying, "DE shall east arch of heaven and earth", said the benefits of the thoughts of Confucius advocated to humans like little, deeds can compare with heaven and earth. Saying the ancient and modern "crown" on the west side of the memorial arch, praise Confucius thought, the way of ancient and modern is to lift the champions league.

The door. Three, four units are same as above, the central panlong. This name comes from mencius, the four ancient sage "yi, yi zhi, evil city, Confucius, mencius reduce sacred traces of four saints to four words:" yi qing of the saint, also yi zhi SAN was also, is the sum of evil city SAN, Confucius also st. "St" highly praise Confucius thoughts enduring, is suitable for the saint of The Times. The emperor QuFuChao hole to line "three kneeling nine knocking gift", walk the door; All previous dynasties "yan called" open "holy gate" at birth, except in both cases, it is not easily open the door. All walk fast 覩 door, halls.

Fast 覩 door and take a sneak peek. Means learning four "five classics" of Confucius, who learn who have culture, the first who learn who first have the knowledge, to learn, to see first read for pleasure.

Halls. According to the YanHui praise Confuciuss named after a paragraph. YanHui, saying, teacher, Yang "high, drilling and even stronger than before. Praise Confucius learning cant see the top up, called "high", "learning classical Chinese is hard to understand, is called" even stronger than before, "high is not high, after is completely can learn hard. YanHui said "teacher shoot, good attractive, I by wen bo, said I to the ritual." My teacher coaxing, taught me to culture, and give me with courtesy.

Han stone man. Back in highgate pavilion has two han stone man high historical value, one is "TingChang", local small officer (han dynasty), died of an entrance, is the king of lu tomb guard. A survey by generations of a specialist, and text have important value to the study of the han dynasty clothing.

Confucius is my official curtilage, garden and combined with examples

Confucius temple is on the east side of Confucius, Confucius is office grandson hereditary slot. Was built in the song dynasty, through generation of continuous expansion, the size of the form now. Covers an area of 200 mu, there are houses more than 480. Yamun and residential building in together, is a typical feudal aristocratic manor, imperial edict, issued by the official department lobby is used to accept the emperor or the family affairs. Confucius back yard has a garden, quiet and tastefully laid out and pure and fresh, layout, here can be called garden, is also a garden and combined with examples. Confucius in possession of a large number of historical archives, cultural relics handed down from generation to generation in clothing and gear, and precious.

Konglin was suggested to be continue ss oldest and best-preserved family cemetery

Konglin was suggested, also known as the most holy, Lin in qufu north gate, covers an area of 3000 mu, around the brick wall for 14 Lin, and his descendants of Confucius family cemetery. Konglin was suggested in BaiGui passageway, enter konglin was suggested to be after 1200 meters of the pyramid-shaped mound, and then through the stone arches, stone bridge, tunnel, arrived in Confuciuss grave. The tomb of Confucius manor 6 meters high, the tomb of the east is the child of Confucius hole hole Ji carp and his grandsons grave. In konglin was suggested, and some grave remains of a stone huabiao, man and beast. All of these are in accordance with the grade of MuZhongRen was knighted a set, the extended and plants in konglin was suggested in 2500, there were mounds More than 10, ten thousand. Its duration, mould was buried, the preserved, are rare.

The tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, theback door of the Palace Museum.

Our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of thePalace are not .

On the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign Charcoal Hill ,providing natural protection for the Forbidden City.

This was also an embodiment of China` s construction style-putting a poolin the front and a hill in the rear.

Now let` s climb up to Wanchun (Everlasting Springs ) Pavillion where we`ll have a great view of the Palace Museum.

The city of Leshan is less than one hours ride from the Baoguosi Monastery at the foot of Mt. Emei.Leshan is the home of the Giant Buddha at the conflueence of the Min,Dadu and Qingyi rivers.It qualifies as the largest Buddha in a sitting posture in the world .You must board a riverboat for the best view of the Giant Buddha.The massive Buddha was carved out of a cliff face more than a thousand years ago, but now it is still well preserved in good shape, with his full and serene face.

The Buddha is the largest Buddha in China,towering to 71m,with his 14.7m head,and 24m shoulders.The Buddhas ears are 6.72m long, insteps 8.5m broad, and a piic could be conducted on the nail of his big toe, which is 1.5m long.

This carving project was begun in 713.Each summer at that time the Min,Dadu and Qingyi rivers flowed down.As the ghree rivers met,turbu-lent waves strucd each other hard,boats capsized and boatmen vanished.There was a Buddhist monkby the name of Haitong in Lingyun Hill,who saw the situation and was determined to carve a giant Buddha out of the cliff face, hoping that the Buddhas presence would subdue the swift currents and protect the boatmen .Haitong started travelling along the Changjiang river and other areas in China to collect funds for the gigantic carving. Once an evil official attempted to obtain by force the money collected by Haitong.The monk refused him in strong terms.He said,d rather gouge out my eyes than give a penny to you,The official shouted in anger,gouge your eye out now!Haitong resolutely dug out one of his eyes.

The monks behavior in protecting the funding so greatly encouraged sculptors and other construction workers that the carving work went on smoothly. Unfortunately Haitong died before the completion of his lifes work .However, this work continued due to the support of the local people as well as Weigao and Zhangchou Jianqing,the local top military commanders. The word took up 90 years until 803 when it was completed.Since then the Buddha has watched over the river traffic for more than a thousand years to offset the large number of serious accidents in the river. Modern Chinese question whether safer boat gravel is due to his presence or to sime later-day dredging.

As you get close to the Buddha,we can find out some scattered holes im rows around the Buddha.They are remains of so Called the Giant Buddha Pavilion . It was a nine-storied building set up during the Tang Dynasty to shelter the Buddha.It was renamed as the Lingyun Pavilion with 13 stories during the Song Dynasty. Unfortunately it was destroyed by a war during the Ming Dynasty. Since then the Buddha remains outside in the open space.

The Giant Buddha has lasted over a thousand years, and still survives in good shape.Why? First of all, according to the studies on the ancient construction of the Buddha,the cliff face the Buddha occupies enjoys topographical advantages. It is on the southern side of the hill,where verdant trees grow so well as to protect rocks and slope from erosion.Secondly although the Buddha seats bordering on the confluence of the three rivers, the immense statue is carved into the cliff face inside the hill,which alleviate the severe damage by wind and water erosion.Finally there is a water-drainage system,hidden from view.The system starts with 1021 fastened hairs, which conect one another at the bace of the bead .The end of the hairs inter-links the shoulders,joining the simple-patterned robe pleats carved on the body.The hairs,shoulders and pleats naturally reveal a complete system that carries away the entire surface water on the body, where the water disappears underground.

It is worth making several passes at the Buddha.From the ferry pier on the island,you climba steep road and through Lingyun Temple to a vantage point for viewing the buddha.You can go to the top,opposite the head, and then descend a short zigzag stairway carved into the cliff to the feet for the top,oppoosite the head,and then descend a short zigzag stairway carved into the cliff to the feet for the different perspective viwepoints.A local boat passes by for a frontal view, which reveals two guardians in the cliff side, not visible from land,Wuyou Buddhist Monastery can be reached in 15 minutes by footpath from the Buddha,which is also from the Tang Dynasty with Ming and Qing renovations,Its layout is very similar to the other monasteries as we mentioned before.Walking along up Wuyou Hill,you can enjoy the quiet and beartiful scenery, The top of Wuyou Hill affords you a vision of an emerald-green tree forest, glazed golden tiles of the monastery roofs and the distant rivers.

大家好!我叫张YY,大家可以叫我张导游。今天就由我带领大家登上美丽的泰山。

泰山位于山东省中部的泰安市，告诉你们一个秘密：我也是泰安人。好啦!回归正题，泰安市之所以叫泰安市有这一番寓意—预示着"国泰民安".泰山为五岳之首，主峰天柱峰海拔1532.8米景区内自然和人文景观丰富，山势磅礴，植物茂盛，古迹众多。孔子，司马迁，李白，杜甫等人蹬此山也留下众多美文诗句。

好啦!我们的目的地泰山已到，请大家有序下车不要拥挤，下车的游客请听我的指挥。好，人都到齐了，请大家跟我走。大家现在看到的石坊叫岱宗坊。他使用灰白色花岗岩筑成的，上面雕刻着飞檐走兽，显得大气，庄重，朴素。

请各位继续跟我往前走，在这里大家可以看到我们的左手边有一块石碑那么这里就是孔子登林处了。孔子在登泰山的时候说过一句话叫"登东山而小鲁，登泰山而小天下。"大家可以尽情的拍照，但要注意安全，不能攀爬。

现在我们到了著名景点经石峪。大家可以看到山谷里的天然花岗石上课满了苍劲的大字，每个足有一平方米。在花岗石上刻的是《金刚经》，据说原先有一万多字，现在仅有不到八百余字。

那么我们已经基本上快要走了一半了，现在我给大家介绍一下面的几个景点就可以自由活动了!接下来的家可以游览的景点有中天门，十八盘有成"天梯",还有山顶上的天街商业街等等。大家有一个半小时的时间尽情游览，大家要注意安全，保管好贵重物品，一个半小时后在天街集合。好了希望泰山可以给大家一个美好的印象，解散!

Welcome to Yunnan, Welcome to Tengchong! It’s my honor to be your guide.Today we are going to visit the volcanoes and hot springs in Tengchong, whichare the most famous here.

As we will get there in a few minutes, first allow me to give you a briefintoduction of Tengchong. Tengchong is located in the southwest of China andoccupies an area of 5800 square kilometers. There are 23 nationalities here,such as 汉、傣、回、白 nationalities and so on. When we mentioned Tengchong, threethings will come into mind, which are: the volcanoes and hot springs having10,000 years, the border city having 1,000 years and the fair of jade having 100years.

Later we will get to the volcanoes and the hot spring, so now I can tellyou something about the latter two ones. They all can reflect the long historyTengchong has. Tengchong is a city on boarder. And because of its location, ithas been an important place for military reasons. And that’s a part of itshistory. It’s also regarded as the county of manners, and it is the hometown ofso many famous people. And another part of its history is that Tengchong is onetrade center of jade between China and Burma. So don’t forget to get a round tothe jade fair. I think you will feel interested.

OK, everyone, here is the Library of the Volcanoes. Now let’s have a lookat .The volcanoes in Tengchong are famous in China, and it’s one of the fourgroups of volcanoes in China. The strong extravasations are the cause of thelandform of Tengchong. There is a lieder in Tengchong saying that:” Such a placeTengchong, nine in ten mountains have no peaks.” It’s very vivid, from that youcan see so many volcanoes are in Tengchong. There are 97 volcanoes in Tengchongnow with high value of tourism and scientific research.

古时候，渔民们驾一叶小舟行使在风浪里，安全得不到保障，自然就容易把福祸安宁和神灵联系起来，于是这笼罩着仙气的丹崖山就被渔民派上了用场。

唐代，渔民们便在丹崖极顶建起了龙王庙，北宋嘉佑六年，登州太守朱处约见这里山高水阔，景致秀美，便把龙王宫西迁到现在的地方，在龙王宫原址建起了巍峨壮观的蓬莱阁。

现在来到的就是龙王宫的前殿，里面供奉的是龙王的两位守门大将，东为定海将军，西为靖海将军，一定一静寓意着海面风平浪静，保佑渔民平安出海。

好，我们继续往前走，就来到了龙王宫的正殿。

中间端坐的就是东海龙王敖广。

他身边站的是八位判官。

我们先看东边的四位。

第一位是巡海夜叉，他负责夜间海上的巡逻，相当于现在的海上110。

第二位是千里眼，顾名思义，他一眼能望到千里之外。

后面的两位就是我们熟悉的雷公和电母了。

左边的四位第一位叫做赶鱼郎，他负责把海中的鱼赶到一起供渔民捕获，所以深受渔民的喜欢。

第二位是顺风耳，和对面的千里眼是兄弟，你可不要说龙王的坏话，否则他可是会听见的。

下面的就是风婆婆了，她手里拿的风口袋，只要把手松一松便会狂风四起。

最后一位就是雨神。

八位判官分工明确，各负其责，听命于龙王的调遣。

这里是龙王办公的地方，后面便是他休息的地方了。

后殿过去有龙王的木雕象和龙王出行的步辇、仪仗，那是人们为了求雨所设的。

古时候人们遇上酷旱，便到这里顶礼膜拜，然后头戴柳条帽高呼“求大雨”“求大雨”，抬着龙王的雕像走街串巷，走到哪儿两边住户都要端水泼洒，讨个吉利。

如缕求不应，便把龙王爷抬到烈日下暴晒。

当龙王大汗淋漓时，他就会兴云布雨了。

这也是龙王脸黑的原因。

经过子孙殿，接下来我们游览天后宫。

天后宫是蓬莱阁建筑群中规模最大的建筑单体，始建于北宋宣和四年(公元1122年)，占地面积3000多平方米。

首先我们看一下戏楼，每年正月十六为天后宫庙会，在这里会有戏曲演出为天后祝寿。

这上面的“观止矣”匾额，即“叹为观止”，意思是看了这里的戏，别处的戏就不需要再看了。

戏楼两侧各有红褐色巨石三尊，两两相对，象三台星座。

乾隆年间，时任山东学政、大书法家阮元命名此石为三台石，并刻石嵌在天后宫前殿外墙上。

后来知府张酋认为六尊巨石排列形状像极了八卦之一的坤卦，因此又称为坤爻石。

这六尊巨石，是开山建阁时留下来作为装点的，和山体连在一起。

古人认为：天为乾，地为坤，男为乾，女为坤，所以这个名字也昭示着天后宫里供奉的是一位女性海神。

我们先来看看前殿的两位门神，一是嘉应，一是嘉佑，是保护天后的神将，传说他们都是天后在莆田湄洲降伏的妖怪。

院内有一棵唐槐，已经有一千多年历史了，虽然树干已经中空，依然枝繁叶茂。

相传当年八仙中的铁拐李与吕洞宾在这里下棋，烈日当头，为了遮荫，铁拐李从他那宝葫芦里取出一粒树种，撒在地下，霎时间长出了这棵大树，于是浓荫蔽日，凉风习习，好不逍遥。

清道光十六年(公元1836年)，天后宫失火，烧毁宫观30余间，近在咫尺的这棵唐槐却安然无恙，实在是令人称奇!这个树还有个特点就是它的发芽和落叶都比别的树晚一个月。

我们往前走，进天后宫的正殿。

蓬莱阁的天后宫是我国北方最大的天后宫庙宇。

天后在南方称为妈祖，历史上确有其人，姓林，名默。

传说林默出生时，红光满室，异气飘香。

林默生下后，直到满月都不哭不笑，默默无声，于是她的父亲就给她起名“默”。

林默只活到了28岁并且终身未嫁，所以她的雕像用格子格了起来，意味着没出阁。

传说林默二十八岁时候，有一天在海上搭救遇险的船只，不幸被桅杆击中了头部，落水而亡。

后来人们都说：“人行善事，死后为神”，认为她是升天为神了，专门到海上搭救遇险的船只去了。

她死后不久，奉祀她的宫庙就应运而生，皇帝的封号步步升级，元代被封为天妃，康熙、乾隆年间被封为天后。

天后身边站的是四位侍女，东西两侧是八名站官，其中有四位是四海龙王，其余的西边第一个手持印盒是玉印官，掌管官印，相当于现在的办公室主任。

第二位手持环海司命，是为海神娘娘发布命令的。

东边的两位一个手持圣旨，下达天帝旨意，一个手持万法归宗，如果海中的鱼鳖虾蟹兴风作浪，他都记到这上面，属于哪个海的，就交给哪儿海龙王处置。

后殿是天后的卧室，门上的匾额“福赐丹崖”，是我国著名的书法家费新我题写的，意味天后娘娘把福气赐给每一位来到丹崖山上的人。

寝室里有东西两个厢房，因为天后娘娘有个习惯，双日睡东，单日睡西。

朋友们可以看看天后娘娘的床有什么特点，对了，那就是又长又窄，取得是长寿之意。

二楼也是娘娘的梳洗装扮的地方，因为在古代未出阁女子家的闺房外人不得轻易入内，所以二楼就不对外开放了。

另外，在这个寝宫的院落里，有一个极特别的地方，那就是东西厢房的屋檐下藏着四句诗。

大家不妨找找看。

这是清朝乾隆时登州知府陈葆光写的一首诗的前四句：“直上蓬莱阁，人间第一楼。

云海千里目，海岛四时秋。

”想那古代，承建者在砖坯上一一雕刻，而后入窑烧制成砖，再运到这里分别砌于四处檐下，两两相对，文序不乱，其独特之匠心，由此可见一斑。

游览完天后宫，现在我们就要登上蓬莱阁的主阁了。

我们从这边上去叫做“登阁求仙”，身到蓬莱及神仙嘛。

我说过了蓬莱阁始建于北宋嘉佑六年，至今已有千年的历史了。

与岳阳楼，黄鹤楼，滕王阁并称为中国四大名楼。

(正门上方悬挂的“蓬莱阁”横匾，为清代书法家铁保的手迹。

)蓬莱阁主阁高踞赭红色的丹崖山顶端，以大海蓝天为衬托，以田横峻岭为屏障，北望长山列岛，南临刀鱼水寨，登上高阁，确有超凡脱俗之感。

海山有雾的时候，让人感觉仙气缭绕。

凭栏远眺，各位可以看到，如今的蓬莱古城高楼迭起，广厦林立，已经成为一座现代化的海滨风景旅游城市。

西面的这座山叫田横山，那里是渤黄两海分界线的南端起点。

对面就是长山列岛，是由大小32个岛屿组成的，距蓬莱8海里。

我们进来看一下八仙，传说他们就是因为喝醉酒了才从这里乘坐各自的宝器漂洋过海的。

从右往左看，这是八仙中最丑的铁拐李，也是八仙中年代最久远、资历最深的一位，他的宝器就是前面的葫芦，里面装的是灵丹妙药，能治百病，不过现在看来只是对内伤有效，要不他怎么还治不好自己的腿呢?接下来的白须老翁就是年纪最大的张果老，他的宝器是渔鼓(一种乐器)和纸驴。

民间有张果老倒骑驴的传说。

他为什么要倒骑毛驴呢?有这样四句话可以作答：访过多少人，不如这老汉，不是倒骑驴，万事回头看。

告诫人们做事要谨慎，凡事三思而后行。

他旁边的何仙姑是唯一的一位女仙，她的宝器是手中的荷花。

八仙之首，便是端坐在中间的吕洞宾了，他的宝器是身后背着的宝剑。

长相最为帅气的是韩湘子，据说是韩愈的侄子，他的宝器是手中的洞箫。

那个袒胸露乳的是汉钟离，汉朝人，复姓钟离，故得名。

曹国舅的宝器是云板。

趴在凳子上的是年纪最小的蓝彩和，成仙的时候只有14岁，所以他不胜酒力先醉了，他的法器就是身边的花篮。

八仙过海究竟去了那儿里?说法不一，有的说是去给王母娘娘拜寿了，有的是说东渡日本了，不管怎样，神仙都是逍遥自在的，想去哪儿就去哪儿。

蓬莱阁二楼长度为13.75米，进深8.55米，四面绕以回廊，木栅格扶栏，东、西、北三面木屏风，北侧开窗，供游人凭栏观海。

南门外额书“碧海春融”，内额书“神州胜景”。

阁外北侧正中悬挂清代书法名家铁保手书的“蓬莱阁”匾额，字体雄健浑厚，历经浩劫得以幸免，十分珍贵。

西壁悬挂董必武1964年游览蓬莱阁时的题诗“来游此地恰当时，海国秋风暑气吹;没有仙人有仙境，蓬莱阁上好题诗。

”另有叶剑英元帅1960年的题联“蓬莱士女勤劳动，繁荣生活即神仙。

不知道您读没读过《论语》，那上面开篇有一句话叫“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”。那么我就以孔子这句名言，热烈地欢迎您来孔子故乡曲阜参观游览。下面，就由我陪同各位游览并进行导游服务，非常感谢您合作，并衷心地希望您对我工作多提出批评意见。

在来曲阜之前,许多朋友可能已对曲阜和孔子有了不少了解,但也有朋友知道并不十分详细,现在,我就在进入景点之前,先把曲阜和孔子情况简要介绍一下。

曲阜位于中国山东省西南部，现有人中62万其中城区人口10万，面积约890平方公里。“曲阜”二字始见于《尔雅》一书，东汉应邵解释说：鲁城中有阜，委曲长七八里，故名“曲阜”。宋真宗大中祥符5年，也就是公元1020xx年，为了纪念中华民族始祖轩辕黄帝出生在曲阜，曾一度改名“仙源”县，金太宗天会7年(公元1120xx年)，又复名曲阜，沿用至今。曲阜是一个小城，然而，曲阜又是一座有着五千年文明史文化古城，在这片神圣而又古老土地上，中国远古传说中三皇五帝，竟有四人在这里留下了踪迹。据《史记》、《帝王世纪》等史书记载：“黄帝生于寿丘”，“少昊自穷桑登帝位，称都曲阜，崩葬云阳山”，现在曲阜城东8里，仍留下座金字塔式坟墓--少昊陵。中国有句俗话说道“人往高处走，水往低处流”，我们是不是可以理解为我们中华民族祖先从这里，从黄河中下游向中原，向黄土高原迁徙过程，而我们母亲之河，黄河、长江，从黄土高原之上奔腾而下，一泻千里，最后汇入大海呢!中国还有句古话叫“江南出才子，江北出圣人”，实际上，江北圣人几乎全出自曲阜。在中国封建时代，受到皇帝赐封圣人一共有6位，他们分别为至圣孔子、亚圣孟子、复圣颜子、述圣子思、宗圣曾子、元圣周公，头4位都出生在曲阜，后两位一位是孔子弟子，一位是封地在曲阜，周公后世33代曾在鲁国为国君，至今山东称鲁，即起于此。现在曲阜地上地下文物众多，文化灿烂，有国家级文物古迹4处，省级11处，市级100余处。1982年曲阜被国务院公布为全国首批24个历史文化名城之一，1994年曲阜“三孔”被联合国正式列为世界文化遗产。由于曲阜对东方文化重要贡献，不少人称曲阜为世界三大圣城之一：“东方麦加”。在这里，您不得不沉思，也不能不感奋，因为这里深扎着中华民族根，深扎着中国传统文化根。

各位朋友，在中国，在东方这片有着五千年文明历史土地上，你也许读不懂青铜器上铭文，也许不理解人头兽身表现什么，象征什么。但是，当你走进中国人民生活，行走在中华民族繁衍生息、劳动创造古老土地上，你就能感受到、接触到中国人民在日常生活中流露出来儒家文化气息，你便能由此体验到中国人民与其他民族迥然不同生活方式、风土人情和理想道德差异。无论你从哪个角度，哪个层次去探究中华民族个性与品格，都不难发现儒家文化基因，在漫长历史演进过程中，儒家文化几乎成了中国传统文化代名词。而儒家文化创始人，就是孔子。

孔子，春秋时代鲁国人，也就是曲阜人，名丘，字仲尼，生于公元前551年，死于公元前479年，享年73岁。孔子3岁时，父亲叔梁纥去世，16岁时，母亲颜征在去世，少年孔子成了孤儿，开始了他在等级森严封建社会中独自谋生、学习和奋斗一生。

孔子少年发奋自学，勤而好问，青年时代便掌握了参与贵族政治必须熟悉礼、乐、射、御、书、数六艺，进而掌握了《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》六经内容，为创立儒家文化奠定了基础。

孔子30岁设学授徒，开始了漫长教育生涯，他首开中国私人讲学、面向民众，提倡“有教无类”之风，成为中国第一位，也是世界上第一位伟大教育家。

孔子51岁时，才做了中都县令，后来曾在鲁摄相事，然而时间不长，他便辞了官，离开鲁国开始了他长达20xx年周游列国之行。

孔子在68岁时回到鲁国，他把几乎全部精力放在了教学和文献整理上，一直到死。孔子一生是颠沛流离，饱经忧患一生，是艰苦卓绝、激励奋发一生，是春风化雨，培育英才一生，是著书立说，济时救世一生。如今，他躯体虽已灰飞烟灭，但他思想，却潜入每个东方人心灵，他熔铸了中华民族个性和品格，随着历史发展和社会进步，孔子还将引导着人类，跨向21世纪。

曲阜文物古迹和旅游景点很多，大部分与孔子和孔子文化有关。现在我们所在位置是曲阜明故城正南门外，城门北面是被称为中国三大古建筑群之一孔庙。城门正上方有“万仞宫墙”4个大字。“仞”是古代长度单位，一仞约等于8尺。据说，有人称赞孔子弟子子贡很有学问，子贡听说以后，就说：“人学问好比宫墙，我学问只有墙头这么高，人们一看便会看见墙内一切，而我老师孔子这道墙有数仞，不找到它门是不能看到墙内宗庙之美丽、房舍多种多样”。后人为表达对孔子敬仰，明代胡缵宗就写了“万仞宫墙”4个字镶在城门上，清代乾隆皇帝为了显示自己对孔子崇拜，又把胡碑取下，换上了自己写“万仞宫墙”4个大字。这就是“万仞宫墙”来历。

孔庙是后人为祭祀孔子而修建庙宇，始建于孔子死后第2年。面积有327.5亩，仿皇宫之制，分九进院落，左右对称排列，整个建筑群共有五殿、一阁、一坛、两庑、两堂、17座碑亭、54座门坊共466间，南北长约1公里。孔庙恢宏壮丽，面积之大，历史之久，保存之完整，是世界建筑史上唯一孤例。

孔庙大门东墙外面有“官员人等至此下马”碑刻，过去，任何官员至此，武官要下马，文官要下轿，以表示对孔子尊重。

孔庙第一座石坊叫“金声玉振坊”。孟子对孔子曾有过这样评价，他说：“孔子之谓集大成，集大成者，金声而玉振之也”。“金声、玉振”表示奏乐全过程，以击钟开始，以击磐告终，比喻孔子思想集古圣先贤之大成。石坊上面莲花宝座上各刻有一个独角怪兽称“辟邪”，也叫“朝天吼”，这是封建社会王爵府第才可使用饰物。

孔庙第一道门叫“棂星门”。“棂星”又名天田星，古人祭天，先要祭棂星。“棂星门”三个字为乾隆所书。“太和元气”坊同“金声玉振”坊差不多，题字为明代山东巡抚曾铣手书，赞颂孔子思想如同天地生育万物。此院东西各有一座腰门，东边上书“德侔天地一样大，他学说古今来说都是最好”。这座门叫“圣时门”，由此住里，有博大精深、深不可测之感。“圣时”二字，取《孟子.万章下》，“孔子，圣之时者也”句，意思是说，在圣人之中，孔子是最适合时代者。

过圣时门迎面小石桥，叫“璧水桥”，桥两侧偏南各有一座门，东门叫“快睹门”，是先睹为快意思，西门叫“仰高门”赞颂孔子学问十分高深。我们进入大门，称“弘道门”，这三个字取自《论语.卫星公》“人能弘道”句子，以此来赞颂孔子阐发了尧舜汤和文武周公之“道”。这道门也是明朝洪武十年(1377年)时孔庙大门。再往后是“大中门”，大中门是宋朝时期孔庙大门，原名叫“宫和门”，字意思与孔子中庸之道主张有关，由此门向南望去，一方面可以看到孔庙历史沿革，一方面也可以看到孔庙不断扩大，这些建筑既有清代建筑，也有明代建筑，还有宋代建筑，它们建时代不同，工匠不同，但都互相配合，相得益彰，构成一体。看孔庙建筑，同时可以看到一部分中国封建社会发展史。

这块碑立于明成化四年(1468年)，因此也叫“成化碑”，它为明宪宗朱见深所立，碑高6米，宽2米多。这块碑特点是书法精湛，著称于世，并且碑文用论辩形式写成，在极力推崇孔子方面，可以说是之最。大家请看右上角，那上面写道：“联惟孔子之道，有天下者一日不可无焉”，又说：“孔子之道在天下，如布帛粟菽，民生日用不可暂缺”。这碑下面动物不是乌龟，叫*屭，是龙儿子，特别能负重，所以用来驮碑，有句话讲“龙生九子不成龙”，在孔庙内，龙和龙9个儿子，你都可以看到，当地老百姓常来这里抚摸这*屭，他们说：“摸摸*屭头，一辈子不犯愁，摸摸*屭*，一辈子不生病”。

我们面前这座木结构建筑名叫“奎文阁”，原是孔庙藏书楼。“奎星”为二十八星宿之一，有星十六颗，“屈曲相钩，似文字之画”，后来人们把它演化为文官之首，封建帝王把孔子比作天上奎星，所以孔子又称“历代文官主”。这座楼阁高23.35米，阔30.1米，深17.62米，三重飞檐，四层斗拱，构造坚固而且合理，康熙年间曲阜曾有过一次大地震，“人间房屋倾者九，存者一”，而奎文阁却傲然屹立，安然无恙，由此可见我国古代劳动人民聪明智慧和高超建筑艺术。

我们现在进入孔庙第六进院落，展现在大家面前是13座碑亭，南边8座，北边5座。亭内保存着唐、宋、元、明、清各代石碑共55幢，碑文多为皇帝对孔子追谥加封、拜庙亲祭、整修庙宇纪录，用汉文、八思巴文、满文等刻成。此排中间这座碑，重约65吨，采自北京西山，在当时，将如此重量石碑从千里之外，跋山涉水，运至曲阜，不能不说是一个奇迹。此院东、西各有一门，是孔庙第三道腰门，为“东华门、西华门”。

我们现在进入大成门，“大成门”是指今天下之大成，这一排共有5门并列，最西边为启圣门，是供奉孔子父母地方，中路大成门，又有“金声门、玉振门”相佐，中路为孔庙最中心地方，东为承圣门，原为孔子故居。

大家知道，孔子是伟大思想家，教育家、政治家，我们认为，孔子首先是个教育家，他是中国第一位老师，封建皇帝封他为“至圣先师”“万世师表”，应当说，他是全人类老师，是名符其实“人类灵魂工程师”。我们面前“杏坛”，相传是当年孔子设坛讲学地方，金代建亭作以纪念，著名文人党怀英书“杏坛”二字。坛侧有棵杏树，为后人所栽，每当初春时节，红花绽开，绿叶摇曳。所以乾隆皇帝来朝拜时，曾赋诗赞之，诗曰：重来又值籼开时，几树东风簇绛枝，岂是人间凡卉比，文明终古共春熙。

矗立在我们面前大殿就是名扬天下“大成殿”，它是中国“三大殿”之一，与北京故宫“太和殿”，泰山岱庙“天贶殿”齐名，其雄伟壮丽有过之而无不及。殿高24.8米，阔45.78米，深24.8米，雕梁画栋，金壁辉煌，特别是周围28根石柱，为世界文化瑰宝，均以整石雕刻而成，前面10根为深浮雕，每柱二龙戏珠，盘绕升腾，栩栩如生，刀法刚劲有力，各具变化。过去皇帝来了，都是将此柱用黄布围裹。他们若看见恐怕也会自惭不如。两侧及后廊龙柱为浅浮雕，每柱72条龙，总共1296条。大成殿内供奉着孔子塑像，两侧为四配，东西是复圣颜回、述圣孔及，西面是宗圣曾参和亚圣孟子。再外是12哲。每年9月26日、9月28日，我们都在这里举行盛大国际孔子文化节和孔子诞辰纪念仪式，表演大型祭孔乐舞和“箫韶乐舞”，举行丰富多彩文化、旅游活动，欢迎各位到时光临。

各位团友，大家好!此刻我们将要去的前方的小岛，就是被誉为“东隅屏藩”和“不沉的战舰”的刘公岛。刘公岛距码头2.1海里，东西长4.08公里，面积3.15平方公里。它位于山东半岛东北，碧波万顷的威海湾口，岛上种满了各种树木，以黑松为主，1985年被命名为国家森林公园。

刘公岛名字的来历有一个传说：说有姓刘的两夫妇，经常在岛上为过往的船只指航，解救遇难的船只。人们都十分感激这老两口，于是在岛上建庙纪念他们，并把此岛命名为刘公岛。

据考证，战国时期岛上就有人居住。汉代时，岛上居住的人家姓刘，被称为“刘氏别业”。明代时，为了防止海寇骚扰，设立威海卫。刘公岛成为海防重地。清朝光绪年间，政府创办了北洋海军，把刘公岛作为驻扎舰船和给养补给基地。1895年甲午战争后被日军强占。1898年，威海成为英国的势力范围，英国人在岛上建立了远东海军司令部及住宅、医院、教堂、监狱等设施，这儿成为英国海军的避暑之地。1930年，威海被中国政府收回，刘公岛也回到祖国怀抱。1938年底刘公岛解放。

岛上这座最宏伟的建筑是提督府，又叫“丁公府”、“海军公所”，是当时北洋海军的总指挥部。建于1888年，门上“海军公所”四个字是李鸿章所写的。门前的石狮子大家猜猜哪是公哪是母?对，脚下踩圆球的是公狮，象征着权力。而母狮脚下是一个小狮子，象征人丁兴旺。排列也贴合男左女右的方式。狮子衬托出官衙的威严和气派。大门两旁的两个小亭子，叫角亭，是供迎宾和举行大典时奏乐的场所。

整个建筑是清式举架砖木结构，分前、中、后三个大厅。前厅陈列的是1894年甲午战争时北洋海军的兵备布防沙盘，中厅是蜡像馆，是甲午海战决战前夜的军事会议的场景，后厅是北洋海军军舰模型和黄海大战模拟陈列室。

刘公岛能成为海军基地，与它重要的地理位置密切相关。刘公岛处于威海湾的中央，与两岸构成“二龙戏珠”之势。在岛上布置防御工程，可起到“一夫当关，万夫莫开”的效果。北洋政府在岛上西面设置了炮台，正对着威海湾，与威海湾北岸的炮台遥相呼应，构成密集的火力点。湾中也布置了水雷、木排、铁链等设施，使日军无法从海上进攻。果然，当年日军也是从陆地入手，最后攻陷了刘公岛。

北洋海军是当时的北洋大臣李鸿章一手建立的，是我国第一支近代海军舰队。1888年建成，当时有舰船25艘，北洋海军的提督是丁汝昌，其手下多名将领都毕业于福建马尾学堂，受过西方海军教育，就应说力量强大。但这支实力超群的舰队却在甲午海战中全军覆灭。1894年8月甲午战争正式爆发，9月17日，丁汝昌率舰队执行完任务后，在旅顺大鹿岛休整时发现了日本军舰，便下令迎敌。北洋舰队参战的有10艘军舰，日军有12艘。而且装备上北洋海军远远落后于日舰。在战斗中超勇、扬威二舰首先被击中，丁汝昌也受伤，舰队失去了指挥和联络。致远舰为了保护旗舰定远舰，在弹尽之时，管带邓世昌下令开足马力撞向日本先进的旗舰吉野舰，但不幸被鱼雷击中，全舰200余人只有27人生还。邓世昌拒绝救生，壮烈殉国，那天正是他45岁生日。致远舰沉没后，济远和广甲二舰管带方伯谦、吴敬荣临战脱逃，慌忙中竟将以搁浅的扬威舰撞沉。之后经远舰也被击沉，管带林永升中弹身亡，全舰仅有16人获救。战斗一向持续到下午五点，日军旗舰被定远舰击中，丧失了指挥潜力，旅顺港内北洋舰队的炮舰及鱼雷舰也赶来救援，此时日军重伤5舰，伤亡200多人，首先退出战斗。这就是历史上有名的黄海大战。此战，北洋舰队伤亡800余人，损失了5艘战舰，元

气大伤。从此以后，李鸿章命令舰队缩在威海港口，不许迎敌。

黄海大战后不久，日本出兵占领了旅顺，并于1895年1月20日，在荣成成山头登陆，很快攻占了威海的南帮和北帮炮台，刘公岛陷入夹攻中。2月2日，日军由海、陆两路合围刘公岛，北洋海军在丁汝昌的指挥下浴血奋战，但因对外联系中断，而北洋海军候补道员牛昶丙、严道洪等人又密谋劝丁汝昌投降。岛上弹尽粮绝，士气低落，丁汝昌见无力回天，便于11日深夜服鸦片自杀殉国，其手下刘步蟾，杨用霖等人也先后服毒自杀。牛昶丙等人盗用了提督印，以丁汝昌的名义起草了投降书。14日牛昶丙与日军的伊东右亨在日舰松岛号上签订了投降书。17日日军登陆刘公岛，理解了所有的军事设施。至此这支扬名一时的北洋舰队宣告覆灭。

此刻大家看到的这所宅院是丁汝昌故居，又叫小丁公府。北洋水师规定，只有丁汝昌能够带家属住在岛上，而其他官员务必住在舰上。丁汝昌在此住了六年。整个住宅气派很大，房间也很多，当时清军军纪不严，丁汝昌也带头破坏军规，把剩余的房子租给其他家眷居住。军纪的松散也是战斗力不强的主要原因。此刻内部有丁汝昌生平展。丁汝昌死后，清政府认为他投敌，将其棺材加了三道锁，不准其入葬，以示惩戒。一向到1920xx年，在威海当地官员的奏请之下，朝廷为其昭雪，棺木才得以下葬。

刘公岛曾是中国屈辱历史的见证人，也是中国人民反抗外来侵略的教科书，已成为我国重要的爱国主义教育基地。愿大家能透过这次参观，再一次重温历史，铭记历史，用自己的智慧与血汗去铸造新的钢铁长城。