山东导游词英文精彩20篇

北京长城英文导游词

The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges. Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today. The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors. The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall. At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing. Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages. As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

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长城英文导游词范文

到长城旅游还是有着很多外国人的，所以你需要准备英文的导游词，下面第一范文网小编为大家带来了长城英文导游词范文，希望对你有所帮助!

长城英文导游词范文

The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges. Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today. The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors. The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall. At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing. Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages. As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

Notes:1. the Taj Mahal in India 印度的泰姬陵2. the Hanging Garden of Babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. Sanskrit 梵语4. Uigur 维吾尔语

There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.

Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to theManchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)

Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages.

As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

万里长城导游词400字

尊敬的先生们，女士们，小朋友们，你们好!我们将要游览的是壮丽的万里长城。我是你们的导游。万里长城是我国重点文物保护单位，在1987年12月被列入世界遗产名录,这是中国人的骄傲和自豪.

毛主席说过:"不到长城非好汉."是啊!长城是中国民族的象征,身为中华儿女怎么能不来游览一番呢?

古时候有孟姜女哭倒长城的动人传说:勤劳聪明的孟姜女为了寻找被官兵捉去修长城的丈夫,千里迢迢来到长城下,经过打听,却知丈夫已被活活累死!听到这晴天霹雳,孟姜女伤心地在长城下一连哭了三天三夜.只听"轰隆"一声,8百里长城倒下了.游客们,这是一个多么动人的故事啊!

万里长城凝结了千千万万劳动人民的血汗.是中华民族智慧的结晶.长城像巨龙盘旋在群山中,那磅礴的气势,闻名世界.

我们此时正站在八达岭长城上,踏着脚下的方砖,扶着墙上的条石.单看着数不清的条石,一块有两三千斤重,那时没有火车,汽车,没有起重机,就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手,一步一步地抬上着陡峭的山岭.游客们,看着这些,我们没有理由不想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来.他们的智慧不得不让我们敬佩!

万里长城到处都是雄伟壮丽的景象,说也说不尽,下面就请大家慢慢游览吧!

长城导游词

大家好，我是今天的导游，我姓薛，大家可以叫我薛导游，今天大家游览的地方是长城，俗话说得好：“不到长城非好汉。”今天，就让我们登上长城做好汉吧!

北京长城如同一条条沉睡的金色的巨龙，静卧在崇山峻岭之间，保卫着祖国伟大的毛主席，这天安门广场，就像龙身上的一片片鳞甲;这一个一个巨大的堡垒，好像龙身上的麟，秦统一六国以后，秦始皇发动一百八十万民工，将各个长城连接成了万里长城。

中间还有一个故事：古时候是用泥和热水来粘成的，现在我们面前的就是好汉坡了，登上了它们就是好汉了!我们扶好鉄扶手，我们向前吧!

从北京出发，不过一百里就来到了万里长城的脚下，这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的，城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像一条条很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。这气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹!

今天的旅游就到这里结束了，希望大家下次再来观看这万里长城，看看我们中国这样气魄雄伟的奇迹呀!

Suzhou is Chinas important historical and cultural city, the famous scenic tourist city, is also the first Chinese excellent tourism city. Suzhou is located in the middle of the Yangtze river delta, east Chinas largest industrial, financial and trade center of Shanghai, the south zhejiang, west taihu lake, in the north the Yangtze river. Districts with a total area of 8488 square kilometers and a population of 5.839 million people, including 2.124 million people in the city. Now administer, zhangjiagang, changshu, kunshan, taicang, wujiang city, wuzhong district, suzhou city, at pingkiang area, canglang district, gold Chang area, and suzhou industrial park, suzhou high-tech zone. Suzhou in a temperate climate, fertile land, rich products, since the ancient times known as "paradise on earth".

Suzhou is an old city, was founded in 514 BC, more than 2500 years of history, is located on the location of the spring and autumn period, basic maintained a "surface parallel, river street" that face the double chessboard pattern and "small bridge, flowing water, somebody else" of of primitive simplicity style. Within the territory of 487 cultural relics, including national level 15, 101 at the provincial level. In China only the most intact water gates - pan gate is located in the south of the ancient city of suzhou panmen gate scenic spot.

Suzhou is east shuicheng. Water area accounts for 42% of the total area, lakes and rivers dotted, one of Chinas four largest fresh water lake taihu lake, four 5 of the waters within their borders, dongshan, xishan, light blessing, the existing shek wu, yushan, shanghu lake scenic area distribution, meanwhile, the world-famous the beijing-hangzhou grand canal runs through the north and south.

The city of suzhou is a garden. Classical gardens in the city is the treasure of world culture and art, embodied the essence of Oriental gardening art. Now well-preserved classical garden has more than 60 place, Chinas four big gardens, the humble administrators garden, lingering garden two. Humble administrators garden, lingering garden, mountain villa with embracing beauty, master of the nets garden, lion grove, nursery, decoupling garden, surging wave pavilion, scientific park nine classical garden has been UNESCO world heritage list.

It is the birthplace of celebrities.of in suzhou. Literary world in the history of sage, painting, calligraphy, seal cutting, poetry genre. Pingtan, kunqu opera, Su Ju is regarded as a "three flowers" suzhou culture, kunqu opera is a "human oral and non-material heritage representative work"; Suzhou embroidery, k o-ssu, jade carving, clay sculpture, wood carving and {sung} brocade exquisite handicrafts enjoys a good reputation both at home and abroad; Classical architecture, like the ancient temples, pagodas, ancient bridge has a very high historical position.

Suzhou is a model of jiangnan water town, which is representative of kunshan zhouzhuang, jinxi, the mudu wuzhong, Lu straight, wujiang tongli. These ancient town in full, a large number of houses of the Ming and qing dynasties, maintained the original ancient style, water features, folk customs and pastoral scenery, has a high cultural value, social and cultural research value and value in architectural art.

Dedicated to the protection of the ancient city of suzhou, development and utilization, is returning to seven shan in the original historical style and features, mining and finishing around the distribution in ancient village. Built opera, crafts, folk custom, the botanical garden, suzhou embroidery, inscriptions, silk and other 12 museum. At the same time, the comprehensive control on the river, open water travel with distinctive features, and formed a batch of tourism, culture, trade in one of the characteristics of block.

Travel to suzhou, not only can appreciate the extensive and profound of celebrities.of, experience the wonderful hard-currency step one scene, still can enjoy.

岱庙创建于汉代 ，为泰山信仰的祖庭，有“秦即作畴”、“汉亦起宫”之载。汉武帝时期(前140-前87年)，汉廷于博县境内建泰山庙(又名岱宗庙，后世习称东岳庙，即今岱庙的前身)。武帝元封二年(前120xx年)四月，武帝巡东莱，过祀泰山。于泰山庙中植柏千株，夹庙之两阶，是为岱庙汉柏之由来。

后赵建武十三年(347年)，后赵永贵侯张余向泰山庙献金马一匹，高二尺余，形制甚精，供奉于庙中神器库。

东魏兴和三年(541年)，兖州刺史李仲璇重修岱岳祠，并“虔修岱像 (泰山神像)”。此为岳庙设立泰山神像之始。

隋开皇十五年(595年)，文帝行巡兖州，遂次岱岳祭天“饰神庙展宫悬于庭”。开皇二十年(620xx年)十二月，文帝下诏保护泰山等神造像，称：“五岳四镇，节宣云雨，利益兆人，故建庙立祀，以时恭敬。敢有毁坏偷盗岳镇海渎神形者，以不道论。”

唐武德七年(620xx年)，唐廷立制：东岳泰山祭于兖州，年行一祭，以立春举行。武周时期(690-720xx年)，武则天命将岱岳庙(岱庙)由汉址升元观前(今岱宗坊西南)移建于今址。开元十三年(720xx年)十一月，玄宗封泰山，禅社首山。日本、新罗、大食等数十国皆遣使从封。礼成后诏封泰山神为天齐王，命拓修泰山庙。开元二十年(732年)，泰山神进封王号后，其信仰较前更盛。天宝十一年(752年)，朝廷遣朝议郎、行掖令孙惠仙诸人修整岱岳庙告成，立题名碑柱于庙庭。唐时，于岱岳庙植槐，今岱庙唐槐院古槐，传为唐植。唐代(618-920xx年)，随着泰山神影响的增大，各地渐有行祠(于泰山以外地域奉祀泰山神的庙宇)之建，元和之前，兖州、鱼台等县已有泰山府君祠，其他关内、河东各道亦多建有东岳庙宇。

宋太祖开宝三年(970年)，遣太子右赞善大夫袁仁甫等重修岳渎祠庙，此为东岳庙入宋后首次重修。宋真宗大中祥符元年(1020xx年)七月，创建天贶殿。十月，诏封泰山神为“仁圣天齐王”。大中祥符六年(1020xx年)六月，真宗诏翰林学士晁迥撰《大宋东岳天齐仁圣帝碑铭》，记加封泰山神帝号之事，立石于岳庙。宣和六年(1120xx年)，宋徽宗嗣位后，屡降诏命，增葺岳庙，至是竣工，称“凡为殿、寝、堂、阁、门、亭、库、馆、楼、观、廊、庑，合八百一十有三楹。”诏翰林学士宇文粹中撰《宣和重修泰岳庙碑》。同期，民间报赛活动的频繁举行，泰山庙会逐渐形成，尤以三月二十八日之东岳庙会为盛。

金世宗大定十八年(1178年)，东岳庙发生火灾，惟存门墙，堂室荡然。次年金廷敕令知泰安军事徐伟等加以重修。金宣宗贞祐四年(1220xx年)，岳庙因遭战火，殿宇尽焚，仅存延禧与诚明堂。

元世祖中统四年(1263年)元廷以岳渎诸庙多毁于金末兵火，命掌教宗师诚明真人张志敬分别修复。张志敬委泰山道士张志纯提举东岳庙事务。至元三年(1266年)四月，元世祖诏命重修东岳庙，构建仁安殿，以奉祀泰山神。元惠宗至正四年(1344年)九月，惠宗颁旨，宣谕保护东岳庙产。元末，战事频繁，东岳庙被毁。

明太祖洪武三年(1370年)六月，明太祖以“岳渎之灵受命于上帝，非国家封号所可加”，诏去泰山神封号，改称东岳泰山之神，立碑岳庙诏告天下。明成祖永乐元年(1420xx年)十二月，下诏修泰安州东岳庙。明世宗嘉靖元年(1520xx年)，山东参政吕经改泰安东岳庙前草参亭为遥参亭。遥参亭原为岱庙之第一门，明代奉祀元君像于其中，遂与岱庙分隔。嘉靖二十六年(1547年)十二月，岱庙起火，正殿、门廊俱焚，仅存寝宫及炳灵、延禧二殿。古树、碑刻也多被毁。此后朝议重修，聚材鸠工，历时十余年始开工重建。

清康熙七年(1668年)六月十七日夜，泰安发生强烈地震，东岳庙配天门、三灵侯殿、大殿等墙垣坍塌。康熙十二年(1673年)南明延平郡王郑经在东宁省城(今中国台湾台南)创建东岳庙，奉祀泰山神，自此泰山信仰传入中国台湾。康熙十六年(1677年)五月，重修泰安东岳庙竣工。此前东岳庙建筑多因康熙七年地震而毁，山东布政使施天裔委张所存督工营缮，全部工程历时十年。殿宇门墙皆予重修，并于正阳门前创建岱庙石坊一座。同期，在岱庙施工期间，泰安民间画工刘志学等人应召在峻极殿(即今岱庙大殿)绘制《泰山神启跸回銮图》壁画。康熙二十四年(1685年)，泰安官府于岱庙建御墨亭，以庋圣祖登岱手书。乾隆五十五年(1790年)三月，高宗东巡至泰安，谒岱庙登岱祀碧霞祠。高宗前后十次巡幸泰安岱庙，共题泰山诗百七十余首。

各位游客,你们好!欢迎你们光临胶南，自我介绍一下：我是大珠山风景区的导游员，姓X，今天由我和大家一起游览州中第一胜地——大珠山，我感到非常荣幸，希望我的导游服务能够增添您旅途的乐趣，使您的旅行轻松、愉快。

下面我把胶南的情况简单介绍一下。

胶南市位于山东省东南部的黄海之滨，胶州湾畔，是青岛西郊的卫星城市，也是一个新兴的沿海对外开放城市。东与青岛经济技术开发区接壤，北、西、南部分别与胶州市、诸城市、五莲县、日照市相邻。全市总面积1894平方公里，海岸线长123公里，共有人口80.6万。

胶南市地处东南暖温带，属海洋气候，夏无酷暑，冬无严寒，四季分明，气候宜人，是理想的旅游、度假、避暑、疗养胜地。胶南市历史悠久，文化灿烂、美丽富饶，人杰地灵。独特的地理环境，优越的自然条件，便捷的陆海空交通赐予胶南发展经济的巨大潜力，工农业生产突飞猛进，第三产业蓬勃发展，科教文化、卫生事业蒸蒸日上，各行各业都呈现出一派繁荣景象。

胶南市旅游资源丰富，自然风光秀美，人文景观众多。“山、海、谷、俗、仙、奇、美”构成了胶南的旅游特色。海上名山大珠山和小珠山同被誉为“双珠嵌云”;闻名遐迩的齐长城蜿蜒千余里，胶南境内就长达55公里，途经二十几个山头，气势壮观，可谓“缘冈峙崇观，跨谷绝惊虹”;千古名胜琅琊台驰名中外;全国第三高岛——灵山岛，俨如画屏，孤悬海中，被誉为“灵岛浮翠”;巍峨屹立的铁橛山悬泉如盖、滴水淅沥，素有“铁橛悬泉”之美称;发源于铁橛山，流经胶南、胶州的胶河，享有“胶河澄月”的美誉。

现在我们来到了大珠山景区。大珠山滨临黄海，总面积为65平方公里，主峰大砦顶海拔486米，巍峨挺拔、风光秀丽，以“谷秀、峰奇、石怪、花繁”著称于世。山中峰峦叠嶂，云霭雾绕，远远望去，宛如在海边撒下了一串珠子，清人周于智有诗曰：“累累形胜隐苍烟，九曲谁将一线穿?神女倦游何处去，双珠抛在水云边。”自古被誉为“岸海名山”，清乾隆年间的《胶州志》称之为“州中第一胜地”。

大珠山景区旅游资源丰富，是人文和自然景观的融汇之地。有建于隋唐年代的佛教造像石窟，有始建于魏晋南北朝时期的石门古寺，有麻衣庵、珠山石室等古代名士隐居和文人墨客探幽的遗迹;有奇峰异石一百多块，惟妙惟肖，每一座奇峰异石，都有一段美妙的传说和神奇的故事;大珠山东麓珠山秀谷内，生长着杜鹃花、迎春花、棠梨花、野玫瑰等大量花卉，特别是蔓延三个山谷的万亩野生杜鹃花，盛开时，花海浩瀚，极为壮观，堪称江北第一奇观，被人们誉为“春来飞红第一山”，在杜鹃花盛开的季节，一年一度的“山东?胶南杜鹃花会”也在此隆重举行，前来赏花的游客充谷盈川。

大珠山景区现分为两大主要旅游区——自然生态旅游区(珠山秀谷景区)与佛教文化旅游区。

佛教文化区

我们首先参观佛教文化区。这里依山面水，环境优美，大自然的鬼斧神工把整个珠山景观与佛教文化紧紧联系在一起，寺庙里梵音阵阵，香烟渺渺，珠山中佛迹遍布，每处景，每块石，都透露出与佛文化的不解之缘。大家若不信，就随我一路看下去。

(在外停车场)大家往前看，我们首先观赏第一处与佛教有缘的自然奇观。前面的那片山峰构成了“菩萨献睡姿”的景象。据说在久远的年代，大智文殊师利菩萨来到大珠山，他见这里峰峦雄奇，水色清秀，生机盎然，便连连称道此处为人间胜地。为了表达他对大珠山的喜爱之情，他将自己优美的睡姿化为一道山岭，永远留在了这里，形成“菩萨献睡姿”的奇观。文殊菩萨的睡姿清净、舒展、和谐,给大珠山增添了佛光灵气。在无量菩萨中，文殊菩萨的智慧第一，据说连他的梦也是妙诗华章。由于他把自己的睡姿奉献在这里，所以大珠山才满腹锦绣，也吸引了许多人前来向着菩萨的睡姿膜拜，祈求智慧文采。

大家再看，在文殊菩萨的脚下有一个凤凰的象形石，文殊菩萨来到这里后，吸引了很多的凤凰栖息，听他讲经说法。长年累月就变成了凤凰的象形石，在山后还有个叫凤凰村的村落呢。

随着这条路往前走就是狮子峰了。由于雨水的冲刷，我们看到的狮子峰已不如从前一目了然了，整个狮头露了出来，只见狮身不见狮尾，成了“神龙见首不见尾”，更是为这处佛教圣地增添了神秘的色彩。为了保护大珠山的这片佛地胜境，大智文殊师利菩萨将自己乘坐的那头狮子的雄姿化为一座山峰，极其威严地守护在通往石门寺的山口道旁，成为“雄狮护胜”的景观。

大家现在看到的这块奇石就是“螭”。螭是还没长出角的幼龙。经上说：文殊师利菩萨是早已成了佛的，他的名字叫“龙种上佛”，佛国的名称叫“平正”，他在《处胎经》里说：“昔为能仁师，今为佛弟子，二尊不并化，故我为菩萨。”相传东海龙王的幼子对“龙种上佛”非常崇拜，得知他在大珠山奉献睡姿后，便同好友“鳌”一起来到大珠山朝拜，为了永远追随后来称为“大行文殊师利菩萨”的“龙种上佛”，龙王的幼子就留在此山狮子峰一侧，成为名曰“螭”的奇石。他的好友“鳌”呢?也没回东海，留在西山化作名曰“鳌”的奇石，与一位老僧为伴。这样，石门寺胜境就出现了“东山有螭，西山有鳌”的景观。

大家看东山上的这一只天鸡，它按佛的旨意，天天登上山顶鸣唱，召唤翠色生命繁衍成长。因此，石门寺佛教胜境一年四季都有青翠，一派生机勃勃的景象。

大家看这块巨石就是卧象守玉溪。相传大行普贤来到石门寺，见寺前这条山溪水澄清透彻，溶天光山色于其中，犹如碧玉一般，正好与自己明净的心境相映照。他打量溪水流出山外哺育一方众生，更觉它的珍贵，便吩咐自己乘坐的那头白象守在溪畔，呵护这碧玉般的溪水。白象想到自己还有驮着普贤菩萨四处弘扬佛法的使命，于是就将身旁的一块巨石度化成自己卧于溪边的样子，并赋予它守护玉溪的灵性，这块卧象巨石为保护溪水的洁净，一直守到现在。卧象石上镌“卧象”两个隶书字，是明代琅琊文人刘翼明所书。

游客朋友们我们面前就是千年古刹-石门寺了，从外停车场一路大家已观赏了几处象形石，大珠山中与佛教有渊源的象形石还有很多，如天然大佛、金童拜师、倒坐观音、僧道对弈、金蟾拜观音等等，我会一一给大家讲解。这些足以证明古代僧人为何会在此选址建庙的原因了，我国古代非常讲究风水学，就是说这里是块风水宝地，佛光普照、神灵护佑之所，难怪石门寺庙宇不大，却香客云集，香火旺盛。

为什么叫石门寺呢?因为寺门是由三块天然巨石自然形成。山门朝东，在国内寺院中是少有的一座庙门朝东的寺庙。为何朝东?三个原因：一是因地制宜。因以石为门;二是风水好。风水讲究的是“藏风聚气”，石门寺背面有高山为靠，前面远处有低伏小山，右侧有护山环抱，山门前地势宽敞，且溪水流畅，具备了“藏风聚气”所有的条件;三是五行学说，水能克火。石门寺香火旺盛，最怕引起火灾，山门正对溪水，为的是水能克火。

石门寺始建于魏晋南北朝时。据说李世民东征高丽时，被高丽王盖苏文追杀到此，他又困又渴，走到寺门处，见巨石下流出潺潺泉水，趴下就饮，顿感体力大增，后被寺里的僧人藏在了弥勒佛的大肚子里，躲过了追兵，李世民在寺内得到僧人的精心照料，修养几日后，身体得以康复。李世民登基后，下旨出重金扩大寺院规模，据说当年在大雄宝殿的正中，刻有“唐王重修”四个赤金大字。大家看左侧的清泉，一年四季清澈见底永不干涸，就是当年李世民喝过的玉泉。因为此泉，水碧如玉，甘甜可口，含大量对身体有益的矿物质。据考证，此水有祛病健身、延年益寿的功效。

现在大家随我进入石门寺，首先看到石台上有两根斑驳的石柱，石礅、石门耳，南面有一盘古老的石碾，是修复石门寺时从原址上清理出来的石门寺的建筑遗物。您仔细观察就会发现，这些建筑遗物不是方的就是圆的，方圆代表天地，九州方圆，说明了我们伟大的中华民族地大物博，万物在这个国度里和谐共存。圆中规，方中矩，方圆又代表规矩。石门寺的方圆之梦，是佛教追求规矩与和谐相统一的理想，也是石门寺的灵魂。它教导我们要远离贪欲，诚信做人、乐于助人、善待他人。

据说寺院内曾经古木参天，有五棵古老的大银杏树，其中有一棵号称“天下第一树”，在门西侧，为秦汉遗物，距今已有20__多年的高龄，主枝若虬龙凌空，周旁逸出的枝叶繁茂，覆盖达1亩多地。58年大跃进伐银杏树时，石门寺内的和尚非常无奈，所以在石门旁刻了一个“海”字“一九五九年”，就是“恨”的意思。这棵古银杏树到底有多粗呢?据说有这么一位年轻人慕名来到石门寺，想实际丈量一下这天下第一树。年轻人量了七搂八拃以后，恰巧有一小媳妇，在此避雨，没有要离开的意思。由于古时有男女授受不亲之说，无奈之下，年轻人只好离开。所以后来也有了“七搂八拃一媳妇”之说。

大家现在看到左右两旁的就是钟鼓楼。所谓“晨钟暮鼓”，是我国唐代一种计时方式，意思是早晨敲钟，一天开始，晚间击鼓，一天劳作结束。晨钟是警醒世间名利客，唤回苦海迷路人。希望人们听到钟声，提起正念，象征吉祥。暮鼓是闻鼓声烦恼轻，智慧长，菩堤增，愿成佛，度众生，象征智慧。来到石门寺敲击钟鼓有祈福平安一生的说法。

按佛教仪规布置，一进山门见到的建筑就是天王殿。迎面看见一位笑颜常开、大肚子的和尚，他就是“皆大欢喜”弥勒佛，是释迦牟尼佛的既定继承者，也就是未来佛。释迦牟尼曾预言，在他涅盘后4000岁(相当于人间56亿7000万年)，弥勒将降生人间，继承释迦牟尼的佛位，弘扬佛法成为未来世的佛祖。进入殿内在弥勒佛两侧分别是四大天王，他们手持斩妖除邪的法宝，以求国泰民安，风调雨顺。风指剑锋，保护众生，调指琵琶，用音乐感化民众，雨指宝伞以制服群魔，顺指龙，以净天眼来观察保护世界。在弥勒佛的背后将军打扮的人就是韦驮菩萨，民间流传这样一句话:进门拜弥勒，出门拜韦驮。大家请看，韦驮金盔金甲，威风凛凛，手持降魔金刚杵，面朝里面的大雄宝殿，其职责是保护寺院和修行者的安全。关于弥勒佛与韦驮菩萨，还有一个很有意思的民间故事。相传，弥勒与韦驮起先各是一寺之主，弥勒因笑口常开，他住持的寺庙香火极盛，却不善管理，甚至连自己的鞋子都被人偷走。而韦驮呢，防外治内倒是极严，使坏人望而生畏，但也是敬香者望而却步。释迦牟尼发现后，出面协调，云：“两人扬长避短，弥勒在前，笑迎客从四方来，争得更多香火;韦驮在后，严峻相送，可以更好地管家。”从此两人和谐合作，寺庙甚为繁荣，堪称团结合作的楷模。看来释迦牟尼也是非常懂得用人之道的。

大家请随我向里走,右边的是玉泉宫。这里供奉了五位神仙，玉皇大帝、王母娘娘、太上老君、关帝和送子娘娘。因佛教与道教都是以普度众生，给人类造福祉为己任，所以佛道本是一家，佛家寺院里同时供奉佛、道两家神仙也就不足为奇了，我国寺庙中同时供奉佛、道两家神仙的有很多。

玉皇大帝是道教中最高的神之一，东汉后期道教产生，道徒们把天帝请进来让他当仙界皇帝，道教理论家特意编了一部《玉皇经》记述玉帝一生“神迹”。玉帝塑像或画像一般身穿九章法服，头戴十二行珠冠，旁侍金童玉女，完全是秦汉帝王的打扮。

王母娘娘是知名度最高的一位神仙，因为她是尊贵的天界第一夫人，王母有两件宝物一是不死药，二是吃了可以长生不老的仙桃。王母又叫“瑶池金母”,为人间赐福添寿。

太上老君也称老子,是春秋末期的思想家，道教的创始人，做过周朝的守藏室史，学问很大。

关帝俗称“关公”被民间尊称为“武圣”，关公在其近六十年的一生中，策马横刀，驰骋疆场，征战群雄。作为三国名将的关公，在中国古代思想史上毫无建树，可他英雄传奇的一生，却被后人推举为“忠、信、义、勇”为一身，光顺治帝给他的封号就长达26个字之多，是道德的楷模，所以道家、佛家都供奉他。

送子娘娘,她是位洋神仙，珂利帝母是她的大名，是500鬼子之母，又俗称“鬼子母”。她每生一个孩子前，都要吃掉人家另外一个孩子，终于有一天惹怒了如来，便藏起了她其中一个孩子，她十分想念孩子整日悲涕，如来便说：“你的孩子是孩子，人家的孩子就不是孩子了吗?”从此她如梦方醒，幡然悔悟，当即皈依佛门。民间因其是个多产母亲，便常将她作为送子娘娘，送子观音来礼拜。

走出玉泉宫，我们来到了地藏殿。走进殿内，只见中央供奉着地藏王菩萨;左侧是道明和尚，手持“锡杖”(“锡杖”原为僧人行路和乞食用，后来成为佛教的一种法器)。右侧是道明的父亲闽公(闽公：原是九华山下的一位大财主，积德行善，后跟随地藏王菩萨)。

每年的农历七月三十晚上家家户户都有插地藏香的风俗,因为这一天是大愿地藏菩萨的圣诞，也是菩萨的成道日。因此每逢这天家家户户都要插地藏香来表示对他的纪念和敬意。我国的安徽九华山就是地藏菩萨的道场。如您有未实现的愿望可以求地藏菩萨，他能保佑我们的愿望实现。

现在大家请往东边看,那有一块龟石。传说远古时候有一只恶龟，游到山下的大海，发现此地山清水碧，就起了恶念，想占为己有来修练，当然它是得不到的，于是运用魔法掀动潮水，想淹没这个地方，它爬高一米水便跟着涨高一米，眼看就要爬到山顶，突然听到佛经阵阵，它被这梵音所吸引，驻足细心聆听，不知不觉听得入迷，也被佛法所感化，就永远留在这里成为佛家的忠实弟子。神话虽不足信，但从山上多处发现的海洋生物化石来看，这里曾经是海洋，后来地壳变化，海水下沉，浮起了这座大山。

在龟石的旁边是大佛说法石。很早以前，有一位大佛来大珠山讲经说佛法，他端坐山顶，面对这现在大雄宝殿的方位。大佛宏论精湛，前来聆听的僧众如林，恶龟都被他感化。前方山顶的麻衣庵，东侧有平敞的“说法石”，现在依然留有当年盛会的遗迹。大佛的讲法连山也被感化了，在人们不知不觉间，说法石后面生出一座高峰，与大佛讲经说法的形象一模一样。旁边一位双手抱着单膝的弟子正在认真聆听。那全神贯注的神情更是惟妙惟肖，甚至叫人还能看出他在不时地点头领悟呢。

现在大家跟我进入大雄宝殿。为什么佛寺中的主殿叫大雄宝殿呢?大雄宝殿是供奉释迦牟尼佛的地方，“大雄”两字有两层含义：一是歌颂佛祖像勇士一样，一切无畏;二是出自佛祖的德号“大雄”。宝殿正中就是佛教创始人释迦牟尼，他曾在古印度的深山老林里苦修六年，最后在菩提树下得道成佛。他胸前的金色“卍”符号，读作“万”，意思是万德吉祥或万福，也是太阳与火的象征，寓意是无穷无尽、无限循环。佛教有轮回观点，若要用一个符号表达，“卍”这个无穷无尽的符号是再恰当不过了。

佛祖两边站立的塑像分别是迦叶与阿难，他们是释迦牟尼的得力弟子。佛祖涅盘后，迦叶在灵鹫山主持了佛教信徒第一次聚会，确定佛教经典，功业显著;阿难是佛祖的堂弟，跟随佛祖25年，聪明智慧，擅长记忆，第一次佛教聚会时，他能背诵出佛祖生前讲的经文，并写在贝叶树的树叶上，成为佛经，所以有“真经书贝叶”之说。

左边端坐雄狮背上的是文殊菩萨。文殊菩萨又名叫“龙种上佛”，是释迦牟尼有力的弘法助手。这位菩萨的行愿是处处以众生为根本，五台山是文殊菩萨的道场。

右边的这座是普贤菩萨。这位菩萨创建了十大行愿功德，是一位大慈、大悲、大智慧的菩萨。四川的峨眉山是普贤的道场。他的坐骑是六牙象王。

在释迦牟尼佛的后面有一尊倒坐观音。“问观音为何倒坐?为众生永不回头”。观音菩萨大慈大悲，以救苦救难为己任，让众生获得安乐。观音作为菩萨，本无性别，但在南朝后，为更好地体现大慈大悲和方便闺房小姐供奉，产生了女身观音像，又称“大悲菩萨”。普陀山是观世音菩萨的道场。

现在我们来到了依山居。大家看前面,半山腰处有一道士和一和尚在下棋，这块奇石叫僧道对弈。细心的游客仔细观察就会发现，道士垂首注视棋盘，在思索着下一步该如何布子，而和尚手拿棋子停于半空之中举棋不定，他还不时地向下看石门寺内来往的香客和游人，心烦意乱不知该如何走，恰成举棋未定姿态。据说，大珠山这片灵秀的名胜之地，佛家看好了，道家也看好了。最早来到这里的僧人和道士都选中此地，互不相让。最后，要比赛下棋，以输赢定去留。结果呢，棋逢对手，他们对弈三年三月又三天，也没比出个输赢高低来，僧和道都留了下来。所以直到今天，石门寺里既有佛家的大雄宝殿，又有道家的玉泉宫。

旁边是僧人读经石。传说有一位博学多才、能言善辩的和尚，知道不少天文地理风土民情，他来到石门寺宣讲他的经书博论，可是无人听他的滔滔阔论，他一气之下上了山对着石头讲，无论晴天下雨、酷暑严寒他都不停，他的全神贯注，竟忘了自己在对石头讲法，便大声发问：“你们说对不对?”突然这些石头竟点头，原来他的痴迷感动了天神，他成佛后便留下此石，称赞他坚持不懈的毅力，教人为善的哲理。

大家看在最低的山峰上有一只被佛法驯化了的老虎，它卧踞山巅，年年月月守护着这块佛教的风水宝地,成为虎踞山巅的景观。

倒坐观音石,多数寺院的观音都面南而坐，我们这里自然天成的观音跟大雄宝殿内的观音却都是面北而坐。他们为什么都是倒坐的呢?因为观音看到山南面是波涛浩瀚的大海，北面才有芸芸受苦受难的众生，为了帮助拯救受苦受难的众生，所以他面朝北，是倒坐的。人们向南而拜，倍觉亲切，对大慈大悲的观世音菩萨更加敬仰。

大家看在倒坐观音的山脚下有一只青蛙，它悄悄躲在那听观音菩萨讲经，是那么的虔诚，这个景点我们叫金蟾拜观音。寺周围这些跟佛教有渊源的象形石更增添了石门寺的灵气。

沿着这条山路,我们走到了塔林。塔林是历代住持和有地位、有贡献的僧人的墓群。按照佛教的葬仪形式，僧人圆寂以后，根据死者的佛学修养，佛教地位，生前的威望和经济地位，徒孙多寡等条件，来建造层级和高矮，大小不同的墓塔。一般是十代住持才能立一个墓塔。按层级分，有单层和多层，最多层级为七级，即“七级浮屠”。来上香的居士大多都在拜过寺院及珠山中的众佛后，再来拜一拜塔林，因为下面葬的都是得道高僧。石门寺现遗留下的墓塔有12座，最多层级为2层。

大珠山巍峨屹立，挺拔险峻，无论从东面还是从西面远望，它都是一道青峰相连的半岛风景。清人高凤举有诗《游大珠山下》“夹岸山花红浸水，夕阳倒影动鱼罾。胡麻莫问秦人饭，只此风光已武陵”都是对大珠山秀美风光的称赞。

石门寺西线(西上东下)

沿石阶上山，我们可以看到母子相依、雄狮回眸等奇石。在路边还有一种浑身长满刺的树，当地人称“后娘棍”，它的学名叫“刺楸”。据传在封建的旧社会，有棍下出孝子这一说法，人们对后娘持有偏见，后娘用全身带刺的木棍教育儿女，所以当地人称此种树为“后娘棍”。此树有收敛镇痛，治脚气、腰膝痛的作用。在建筑中因其木材硬度适中，所以可作建筑用材。

再往前走到了通天遛，因以前此地险、陡、滑，行走时难于通天，而人们历尽艰辛上去后，在下面的人抬头望去，好似站在天上，故得名“通天遛’。穿过瘦身石，我们来到的是山顶休息区，在这可以欣赏刻石《般若波罗蜜多心经》。该经是佛教经典中最为经典，也是字数最少的佛经(全文264字)，经文中的“色不异空，空不异色;色即是空，空即是色”的经句，为多数人所熟知，成为中国传统文化中最能代表佛教文化的经典之作。

内容：(唐三藏法师玄奘奉召译)“观自在菩萨.行深般若波罗蜜多时.照见五蕴皆空.度一切苦厄舍利子.色不异空.空不异色.色即是空.空即是色.受想行识.亦复如是.舍利子.是诸法空相.不生不瀎.不垢不净.不增不减.是故空中无色.无受想行识.无眼耳口鼻舌身意.无色声香味触法.无眼界.乃至无意识界.无无明.亦无无明尽.乃至无老死.亦无老死尽.无苦集灭道.无智亦无得.以无所得故.菩提萨埵.依般若波罗蜜多故.心无挂碍.无挂碍故.无有恐怖.远离颠倒梦想.究竟涅盘.三世诸佛.依般若波罗密多故.得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提.故知般若波罗蜜多.是大神咒.是大明咒.是无上咒.是无等等咒.能除一切苦.真实不虚.故说般若波罗蜜多咒.即说咒曰.揭谛揭谛.波罗揭谛.波罗僧揭谛.菩提萨婆诃.”

接下来我们来到了木栈桥，此桥于20__年竣工。桥上视野开阔，在这里我们可以看到有形似手掌的奇石，手掌五指分明、纹络清晰。在手掌石的上方还有一块形似企鹅的象形石。我们可在桥上欣赏千年古刹石门寺及胶南市区、小珠山、大海等风景。走过索桥我们来到了拜佛台，拜佛台东视小砦顶，西连心经石，北望石门寺，南仰天然大佛，佛、台、寺三点一线，是参拜天然大佛的最佳位置。

沿木栈桥到达大磨，在这里有空谷传声的刻石，还可以听到钟声回荡于山涧间。

千古冰臼奇观：从桥上向下看，在一块磨盘形状的大石中间有一石孔，据科学研究，这个石孔是冰川曾经存在的有力证据之一，是古冰川气候环境的直接产物和重要遗迹，是冰川融水携带冰碎屑、岩屑物质，沿冰川裂隙自上而下以滴水穿石的方式对冰覆基岩进行强烈冲击和研磨所形成的石坑，因其形态很像古代舂米的石臼而得名“冰臼”。并由此推断，距今大约200万至300万年以前的第四纪早期，这里曾被冰川覆盖，这对研究大珠山古气候、古地貌均具有很高的科研价值。“冰臼”这一奇特地质现象在我国其他地区也曾发现，曾引起世界地学界的高度重视，堪称“世界奇观”和“天下一绝”，这在世界地学史上可以说是绝无仅有的，难怪有不少专家对冰臼的发现曾这样评价：“冰臼的发现若能最终被证实，则世界的第四纪地质环境历史将重新改写”。究竟结果如何?还需科学家们进一步进行科学研究，我们就拭目以待吧。

可观奇石有：

鳄鱼探海：在天然大佛的前面，有一块石头相互连接好似鳄鱼身上的鳞片，鳄头从洞中探出，一副虔诚聆听佛经的模样。

倒脱靴：传说八仙中铁拐李曾云游到大珠山，被珠山的风光山色所吸引，就掏出酒葫芦把酒吟诗，酒过三巡后东倒西歪，两只靴子也不知甩到何处去了，酒醒后到处寻找也不见靴子的踪影，岂不知一只扔在了山涧里，另一只正倒悬在悬崖边呢，怎么会找到。这两只靴子就留了下来，这是其中的一只，另一只在观景台。

沿着山路往下走，在路的左侧(休息区)看到石门涧、石门古寺、大珠山水库的另一番景色。特别是咱们现在看到的石门涧，涧内青松翠藤，苍深蓊郁，一条山溪蜿蜒曲折，溪水潺潺;到夏天雨季，有飞瀑悬挂山崖，流水般从这面长满绿苔的石壁上一泻而下。在古时，石门涧是文人墨客常来游览聚会的地方。涧内有一巨石，因刘翼明、王无竟经常在此吟诗，所以又叫“吟诗台”。直到现在，刻石上还留有明代文人王无竟手书的一首诗“苍霭寒山深，有人乃在此。一杯复一炉，煮茗溪光里”。在路的左侧巨石下有一清泉，此泉沾有天地之灵气，山下石门寺的僧人和山上麻衣庵的尼姑都到此处打净水，为佛像开光，因此当地人叫它“净坛”。

从净坛顺溪水往山下走，整个石门涧从正面展现在我们面前。涧内巨石嶙峋，到夏天雨季，溪水与巨石相撞，迸发出无数条飞瀑，银珠玉粒四溅，而脚下的煮茗溪依然低声慢语，柔软地漫过小桥。正是“石上看云坐夕辉，野花香处竟相忘。云来云去人何在?一片泉声下翠微”。(《石门南涧》王无竟)

全程：

从现在开始我们就要翻山了，时间有点长望大家做好准备!

剪子峰：在路左边有一形似剪刀的山峰被称为剪子峰。

青石河：青石学名济南青。1897年11月，德国以“巨野教案”为借口侵占青岛后，于1932年由德国建筑师毕娄哈主持修建天主教堂，此教堂是青岛地区最大的哥特式建筑，也称圣弥爱尔大教堂，于1934年建成，占地2470平方米，当时德国人勘测到大珠山石质较好，就大量盗采，因此此教堂的建筑材料一大部分来自珠山青石。

麻衣庵:这里就是麻衣庵遗址。据胶州志记载，汉代的朱仲、晋代的陈仲举、宋代的赵麻衣等名士在此隐居。现在的麻衣庵虽仅剩屋基断墙，但周围的遗存众多(有石碑、石臼、石磨、石碾、石桥、石梯、石室、石洞、刻字、庵基、望海楼石基等等)。其中庵后的峭壁上有一悬空石室，石室呈椭圆形，深三米、宽两米半、高两米半，室门凿造得很精致，顶为孤形，有石门框和石雕门槛。明诗人孙镇“划然古石室，元冥河代剖”疑为汉代所凿建。在离石室前约3米处有刻莲花图案的大石，过去有铁板桥与石室相通。在石室东侧的山壁上有数百个刻字，中间部分已水蚀剥落，模糊不清，两侧有大字“太清岩”“云逍庵”，均遒劲有力而俊秀，不知何人所题。“太清岩”书写年代较“云逍庵”早。庵东侧有一石前额刻“朝阳洞”三字，石顶平坦可供10多人在此休息，石上还有刻字和旗杆窝。

据传此地在唐朝以前归道家所有，建有“玉泉观”，后归佛家所有，改名为“云逍庵”。宋时因赵麻衣在此隐居，人们把这又称为“麻衣庵”。(朱仲是汉代人士，《列仙传》记载事迹：曾献世间罕见的夜明珠于皇宫。陈仲举是晋代人士，史料记载晋朝时曾做过豫章太守，后隐居大珠山修仙成道。赵麻衣是北宋年间有名的易学大师，善于看相，经常穿用麻制成的衣服，周游于民间)。

望海楼：位于麻衣庵西侧，留有遗址，条石砌的建筑基础依然很规整，古砖古瓦随处可见。志书和民间都说这里建有望海楼。此处峰高330米是观海赏景的最佳地方，向东望沧海浩淼，向西望海湾连着海湾，海滨风光尽收眼底.

朱朝洞：这是大珠山的一个著名景点。高凤翰在《平山和尚石门寺题壁诗》跋中载：“崇祯第九子削发为僧游至石门寺。”洞以两块巍峨的天然石为门，中间夹一条通道。院内有石砌建筑物遗址，在山洞前有一空地依稀能辨认出石碾、石臼。洞内巨石相摞相叠，幽深阴凉。据附近村庄老人们所讲：明代末年李闯攻进北京城，皇帝的一个儿孙化装成老百姓带着聚宝盆逃出京城，逃到了大珠山躲进山洞里，他就地取材制成石碾、石臼等，从此在山上住了下来。这个姓朱的人死后将聚宝盆埋在大珠山一个较隐蔽的地方。因此人是明朝朱姓所以称“朱朝洞”。

前行不远经过松林，在林中听松涛阵阵，观大自然赋予珠山的神奇色彩，您能观看到更多的奇石，大诗人陆游曾说过：“花能解语还多事，石不能言最可人”。让我们共同来欣赏珠山的奇石吧!前方欣赏奇石“金猪运石”。

观景台：观景台位于大砦顶南，在台上遥望远方，您会欣赏到古镇口湾、灵山湾、北方第一高岛灵山岛和山下秀谷的美景。在主峰大砦顶(海拔486)西侧的山峰上有一道狭小的缝隙，从这望去仅能看到一小片天空，所以人们称“一线天”。

在观景台附近的奇石有：

杜宇护花：杜宇，蜀国人，蜀人对杜宇的故事最多、最美，传播也最广。史书上说：“七国称王，杜宇称帝”，号曰望帝。时间约在公元前666年以前的春秋时代。据说，杜宇是“从天而降”的，他的妻子则是从井中出来的。他的最大功绩是“教民务农”，以致他“仙去”后化为杜鹃鸟，每到春天来临便啼叫不止，催民春耕春种，以致啼出血来。

倒脱靴：这是铁拐李找不到的另一只靴子。

由山顶向下走，经平地松林时向左前方望去，会看到两座像烟囱的山峰，因有大小之分，所以叫“大釜台”、“小釜台”;又称“双釜呈祥”(寓意双福呈祥)。欣赏着珠山的美景，您看右侧山顶，一只巨蜥昂首遥望天空，好似在寻找突然不见的月亮，神情是那样紧张这就是有名的“巨蜥望月”。沿滨海大道向西走，大珠山上还有一处相似的巨石，同样出名，名为“神龟望月”。

自然生态旅游区(珠山秀谷景区)花区下山路段

珠山秀谷以“花繁、谷秀”著称。秀谷谷长5里，谷内溪水潺潺，青山碧水相依相拥，南坡生长着野生杜鹃花、迎春花、棠梨花、牡丹花等多种花卉。每年四、五月，秀谷内野花竞相开放，姹紫嫣红，傲然挺立在悬崖峭壁、山梁沟壑和潺潺流淌的小河边，漫山遍野，争奇斗艳。

观花云径(山顶上)：大家可以看到南面有几处山谷里盛开着杜鹃花，远远望去，如云似霞，好似红衣少女在翩翩起舞。沿着观花云径向下走，你就好似进入了花海中。这里是谷内杜鹃花生长最集中的地方。大珠山的杜鹃花有三姐妹蓝荆子、映山红和崆峒花。春分刚过，杜鹃花的大姐蓝荆子首先绽放，花儿红中透着蓝晕，比山外的梅花更早地报告春天的消息。到四月末，蓝荆子、棠梨花、连翘花开始慢慢凋谢但花潮并没有退。杜鹃花的二姐映山红在大珠山的山坡上、溪水边，悬崖峭壁间迎着春风细雨悄然开放，烛火般的红颜色为五一黄金周掀起了第二次花事高潮。在映山红开到正旺时，三姐崆峒花也迎着暖风走来，她的颜色是红白相间，生长在悬崖峭壁和平地矮坡上，它不像映山红和蓝荆子先开花后长叶，而是一开花就枝繁叶茂。大珠山的花事高潮迭起，一直可以持续到夏末。

平台：站在这里我们看到的“珠山秀谷”四个大字，是原胶南市领导潘盛国题写，落款“虚白”是他的笔名。从这向上看，在山崖峭壁上，红色的杜鹃花从谷底一直开到崖顶，花丛茂盛，花影绰约。杜鹃花为落叶灌木，高为1—2米，枝叶褐色。她有喜阴恶阳的习性，喜欢冷凉的气候，所以一般生长在山的阴坡。杜鹃花除有观赏价值外，还有食用和药用价值。《本草纲目》记载：“小儿食花味酸无毒，羊食其叶，踯躅而死。”所以杜鹃花又叫红踯躅。

仙人庐：这里是花会期间举办茶道表演、下棋比赛等活动的场所，也是平时供游客休息、观景的地方。坐在这里我们可以看到对面山上的连翘花、芍药、牡丹和杜鹃花。

刻石：选自清乾隆版《胶州志》，对古时的大珠山做了详细的描述。内容为“清乾隆版胶州志卷一 大珠山在治南百二十里 齐乘云 岸海名山也嶙峋万仞 势压群峰山麓石辟为门 有石门寺 旁一泉若珠玑 曰玉泉 故又名玉泉山 泉侧有卧象石 东有狮子峰 钟峰皆形肖 南行二里许有飞来石 层级而上曰 南天门 过石板桥有石室一名麻衣庵 又有珠朝庵 黑龙潭 皇坛 地藏庵 琳宫仙迹不可枚举 为州中第一胜地 ”

仙人拳：您看看这块巨石上面的痕迹，像不像人的拳头?传说八仙中的铁拐李与吕洞宾云游天下，行至大珠山，见这里风景宜人，兴致大起，于是喝酒比武，酒至酣处，吕洞宾一拳打在巨石上，留下了一个巨大的拳印，就是现在我们看到的仙人拳。

板栗谷：大家从这向上走，谷内树深林密、郁郁葱葱，这便是板栗谷。说起板栗谷，有这样一个传说：在很久以前，大珠山下有户人家，一位老人临终前对他懒惰儿子说“一旦遇上饥荒年，没有粮食吃时，就吃咱家粮仓的墙壁。”过了不久真出现了饥荒，百姓们很快都吃完了存粮。老人的儿子也吃光了本来就不多的存粮，他在饥饿中想起了他爹临终前的话，就半信半疑的吃起了粮仓的墙壁，不料坚硬发白的墙壁吃到口里竟然又香又甜，细细一看原来是用板栗磨成粉砌成的。老汉的儿子靠板栗墙渡过了饥荒的事慢慢传扬开来，人们纷纷效仿，在山上大量种植板栗树，以防再次出现饥荒，于是就有了我们今天见到的板栗谷。

谷内的板栗树有的树龄已达百年了。板栗树全身都是宝：树木是制作家具的良好木材;树枝、树皮可以提取烤胶;而花是很好的蜜源。板栗可以做成栗粉和糕点等，也可入药辅助治疗肾虚，故又称为“肾之果”。板栗一般在每年的十月份左右成熟，那时您就可以来采摘板栗了。

在花区，随处可见的还有檀树，多为黄檀，又名不知春，一年四季常绿，4、5月份开花，花为蝶形，花朵为黄白色。檀木一般生长在山路、沟谷、峭壁石隙处，檀木的材质好是选做家具的良好木材。

游客朋友们，我的讲解工作即将结束，非常感谢大家对我工作的支持，我的工作难免有不尽人意的地方，希望大家多提宝贵意见。最后希望您能再次光临花满谷，诗满涧，高僧坐云端的大珠山风景名胜区!

招虎山国家森林公园位于海阳市城区东北方向8公里处，东西长6.1公里，南北宽5.2公里，总面积1762.7公顷，最高峰招虎山寨海拔549.7米，为海阳市集生态游、宗教游、古迹游、民俗游为一体的龙头景区。

​招虎山地处胶东半岛的低山丘陵处。这里原为汪洋大海，现在形成的奇石、险峰、深谷和溪流都是太古代至元古代造山运动及燕山运动的结果。关于招虎山名字的由来，据《海阳续志》中记载：邑北三十五里有山，曰招虎，概以虎伏山中，仙家训之，遂化为石，遗迹宛然，故名招虎山。因此从上空俯视招虎山的整座山体,特别象一只猛虎。景区主要是以奇山、秀水、真自然为主要特色，享有“半岛奇山”的美誉，在20xx年底晋升为国家级森林公园，同时被评为全国农业旅游的示范点。

​根据景区资源分布状况，现分为东、西两大游线。东游线是以奇石险峰为主要特色，全程7.5公里，途中我们可以看到鉴海石、飞鱼石、莲花峰、杜鹃谷九塔峰、探海神龟、天马戏水等多处景点。西游线是以溪流飞瀑、奇木翠竹为主要特色，全程8.8公里，途中我们可以看到百岁木瓜树、宝玺石、天柱峰、红树林、木鱼石、巨观飞瀑等多处景点。

​(成到禅寺概况)

坐落在景区九龙湖畔的东方琉璃世界成道禅寺为药师佛道场，成道禅寺占地面积16000平方米，建筑面积8000平方米，为仿唐代风格建筑，由山门(天王殿)、药师宝殿、日光菩萨殿、月光菩萨殿、法堂、藏经阁、观音殿、地藏殿、文殊殿、普贤殿、伽蓝殿、祖师殿、等建筑组成。20xx年经宗教部门批准重新修建此庙。20xx年6月26日筹建委员会主任、嵩山少林寺方丈释永信主持了奠基仪式和洒净法会。20xx年8月中旬在释永信大和尚和四方大德的礼请下中国佛教协会咨议委员会主席、现年105岁的佛门泰斗本焕长老担任开山方丈，同时定名为东方琉璃世界成道禅寺。成道禅寺已于20xx年11月7日举行了寺庙落成、本老升座和佛像开光仪式，届时成道禅寺将成为胶东半岛最大的药师文化修习中心。

​招虎山的山花，让我想起了那句歌词：“山上的山花儿开呀，我才到山上来，原来么你也是上山看那山花开……”，漫步在山中的步行路，放下工作，扔掉烦恼，感受招虎山的花海——锦带花、桃花、黄花、兰花依次向您微笑，让这“笑”走进您的心田……招虎山是一个充满“爱“的山，九龙湖中的天鹅船，有一个美丽的传说——天鹅的”爱情“。一只黑色的天鹅爱上了白色天鹅脚踏船，黑天鹅每日里与”白天鹅“如影随形，仿佛一对痴情的恋人，执着的追求着它的爱人。如果你爱她请带她来招虎山，体验”天鹅的爱情”!

九龙湖：大家可以看一下位于我们左手边的这座湖叫做九龙湖。大家一定在想为什么叫做九龙湖?这个问题我待会回答大家。我们现在踏上的这座桥叫做九龙桥。它是景区内最长的一座石拱桥，全长是175米，宽为7.5米。每逢下雨的时候，大量的雨水从桥孔涌出，形成壮观的瀑布特别漂亮。龙桥、虎山构成一体，龙虎一直贯穿中国文化的整个过程，象征着中国五千年古老文化龙腾虎跃的精神气概。

现在再回过头来说我们的九龙湖，九龙湖的得名是因为从寺院山上往下看，湖边共有九条山脉而得名的，大家不妨数一下。九龙湖的蓄水量为500万方，水质达到国家饮用水准，是可以直接饮用的山泉水。古诗云：山不在高，有仙则名;水不在深，有龙则灵。我们招虎山山不高、水不深，但是非常有灵气。九龙湖是1952年依山而建的，大家可以猜一下最大的一条鱼它的长度是多少(2米左右)?它的体重有多重(100多斤)?同时大家可以估测一下我们九龙湖的最深水位是多少米(37米)?九龙湖是禁止垂钓的，它是一个大放生池，每逢初一、十五或者佛事活动经常有居士来此放生。 九龙湖已被定为20xx年亚洲沙滩运动会龙舟比赛场地，20xx年6月12日—13日已在此成功举行了“全国十二人制龙舟锦标赛”，此次龙舟赛是作为亚沙会的测试赛，九龙湖北岸是主席台、观众席、运动员休息区，大约能同时容纳一千余人，今年景区已在九龙湖上增加水上游乐项目。

​鉴海石：位于我们正前方的就是海拔431米高的鉴海石，它顶部的岩石非常明亮，很多年前这附近海边的渔民就是以此作为航海标志早出晚归的。

药师佛介绍： 药师琉璃光如来，又作大医王、医王善逝、十二大愿王，为东方净琉璃世界的教主。依据《药师琉璃光如来本愿功德经》所说，裟婆世界之东方有世界名为净琉璃，彼土有佛号药师琉璃光如来。药师名号，是以能拔出众生生死之病而显佛之大悲;琉璃光名号，是表智慧照破无明而显佛之大智。药师佛一般的形象是其身蓝色，如吠琉璃，内外清澈，三衣趺坐，右手胜施印持天诃子，左手定印捧钵。

​依经中所说，其佛国土有日光遍照与月光遍照两大菩萨，为彼土无量菩萨之上首，共同受持药师佛如来的正法宝藏，辅导药师佛化导众生。

​药师如来在因地行菩萨道时秉持所发的十二大愿而成佛。这十二大愿满足众生与出世间的诸多愿求，成就不可思议功德。若有人生患重病，死衰相现，眷属与此人临命终时昼夜尽心供养礼拜药师佛，诵读《药师琉璃光如来本愿经》四十九遍，燃四十九灯，造四十九天之五色经幡，其人得以复苏续命。在出世间上，药师佛大愿之一是在成就菩提时“令一切有情如我无异”、“证得无上菩提”等。而在世间上则有“使众生饱满所欲而无令少乏”、“使一切不具者诸根完具”、“除一切众生重病、令身心安乐”、“使众生解脱恶王劫贼等横难”等誓愿。这些誓愿是加持众生速证菩提，另一方面也着重于满足众生现世的安乐。因此，药师法门成为众生祈求世间吉祥如意的重要方便。 释迦摩尼佛，(约为公元前1020xx年——公元前949)，本是古印度迦毗罗卫国(今尼泊尔境内)的太子，佛为太子时名叫“乔达摩.悉达多”意为“一切义成就者”(旧译“义成”)。据佛经记载，佛陀19岁时，有感于人世生、老、病、死等诸多苦恼，舍弃王族生活，出家修行。35岁在菩提树下悟道，遂开启佛教，弘法45年。年80左右在拘尸那迦城示现涅盘。(另一说过30岁成道，弘法45年)。成道禅寺的佛祖圣像，与佛祖在菩提树下成道时的姿态是一样的，左手托钵，右手扶膝盘座。 弥勒佛，即未来佛，藏语谓“强巴”。意译为慈氏，大乘佛教经典中又常被称为阿逸多菩萨，此佛常怀慈悲之心，笑口常开。是释迦摩尼佛的继任者，常被尊为弥勒佛(成到禅寺详解)

​成道禅寺：半山之处修建的就是成道禅寺。成道禅寺为药师佛道场，里面供奉的是药师佛。药师佛能普度众生，拔除生死之病，他与释迦牟尼佛、阿弥陀佛称为横三世佛。

​大家可以看一下寺院入口处“琉璃世界”这四个字就是由本寺方丈本焕长老题写的。这里就是我们成道禅寺的鸟瞰图。成道禅寺为三进三跨式仿唐代风格建筑，由山门(天王殿)、药师宝殿、法堂、藏(zang)经阁、观音殿、地藏殿、文殊殿、普贤殿、伽(qie)蓝殿、祖师殿、日光菩萨殿、月光菩萨殿等建筑组成。 山门与天王殿一体而建，其殿堂为三开间歇山重檐式结构，建筑面积180平方米。外部为八字照壁，上面刻有中国佛教协会会长传印长老题写的“佛光普照”及药师佛佛号“南无(mo)药师琉璃光如来”。山门内正中供奉弥勒佛，两侧供奉彩绘四大天王(东方持国天王、南方增长天王、西方广目天王、北方多闻天王)，故称天王殿。东方持国天王手持琵琶，以曲乐使众生皈依佛教，维护国土和道场安宁;南方增长天王手持宝剑，惩恶扬善，使人增长慧根;西方广目天王手握蛟龙，以净眼观察裟婆世界，挟持降服邪魔，使之改邪归正;北方多闻天王手持宝伞，福德闻名四方，以武力降魔伏邪，引导众生向善。四大天王代表调、风、顺、雨，寓意“风调雨顺”。天王殿后有浮雕韦驮菩萨像，墙壁刻有本寺方丈本焕长老题写的“成道禅寺”，。 成道意为成功得道。持念《药师佛本愿功德经》并礼佛供养，可消灾延寿，灭除一切灾劫病苦，当生受益，愿每一位到此礼佛之人都能真修实行，成功得道。 山门的东侧为钟楼，西侧为鼓楼，两楼呈对称性建筑。正中为寺庙的主体建筑“药师宝殿”，为歇山重檐式建筑，开间33米，高16米,建筑面积800平方米，殿内供奉药师佛，佛像为青铜铸造，高11.8米，殿内六根楠木宝柱，直径0.8米，高9米，树龄千年有余，寺内门窗均为楠木制成，是中国殊胜、成道禅寺一宝。殿顶彩绘是工匠艺人们手工精心绘制。寺庙所用琉璃瓦也是专门定做的。药师佛全称“药师琉璃光如来”，又作药师如来、大医王佛、十二愿王，为东方琉璃世界教主，能普度众生，救拔生死病苦，与释迦摩尼佛、阿弥陀佛并称为“横三世佛”，亦称“三宝佛”。

​药师宝殿前方两座配殿供奉日光遍照菩萨和月光菩萨遍照菩萨，东西跨院四座主殿分别供奉观音、地藏、文殊、普贤四位菩萨。观音殿左后方为祖师殿，供奉禅宗初祖达摩祖师。地藏殿的右后方为伽(qie)蓝殿，供奉关公，在佛教中称伽蓝菩萨。药师宝殿后面正对的殿宇，为歇山式屋顶七开间二层建筑，一层是法堂，二层是藏(zang)经阁。法堂为传法之所，内有铜板壁画“释迦摩尼说法图”(也是本焕长老升座的地方)。二层藏经阁内供奉释迦摩尼佛坐像，佛像与当年佛祖在菩提树下成道的姿态是一样的，左手托钵，右手扶膝盘坐。释迦摩尼佛又称作大成就者。藏经阁的东侧是方丈室。西侧是禅堂。寺庙的东北角为斋堂，西北角为僧舍。

​位于寺院东南方向是规划中东方琉璃塔。它是一座仿唐代风格的十三层佛塔，高70米。此塔白天晶莹剔透，反射阳光;晚上反射四周的灯光，以此来显示佛法的法力无边。人们在生前持诵药师经，称念药师佛名号，即可往生琉璃世界。

​我们海阳属于暖温带东亚季风型大陆性气候，受沿海地区的影响，这里冬暖夏凉，气候宜人，年均气温在11、5℃左右，年均降水量在800毫米左右，招虎山国家森林公园是消暑纳凉的好去处。

​大家可以看一下我右手边这块石头像什么?对像猿猴，它的眼睛深凹嘴巴凸出我们叫它怪猿石。

​走到这里大家是不是感觉特别凉爽呢?大家可以看一下道路两旁茂密的植被，我们这里野生动植物资源特别的丰富，园内有狐、獾等野生兽类25种，中华秋沙鸭，翠鸟、等鸟类143种。中华秋沙鸭民间称其为涂口红的鸟，它在谈恋爱和繁殖期的时候嘴是红色的，它属于一种候鸟。到了冬天的时候会在卧龙湖的湖面上浮卧一层,现在栖息在西伯利亚。 园内还有赤松、黑松、映山红等木本植物200余种，黄草、蒿类等草本植物400余种，植被覆盖率高达92%，其中不乏银杏、水杉、紫椴等国家一、二级保护植物。公园入口路旁有一紫薇树，树龄400余年，树高近7米，冠幅8余米，每年夏季开花时，形成粉红色的花球，引人注目，十分壮观。

​这里就是电瓶车乘车处山里人家了，大家可以过来看看这边是西线游览线路图。再往前走大约十分钟就到中心服务区了。大家可以走右边的步行路，前面有吊桥大家可以过去玩一下，不过一定要注意安全。

​条石堰：大家看一下在我们右边的这些石条，这些都是上世纪五十年代修建的条石堰,象这样的条石堰景区有100多座。招虎山流域面积大，山势陡峭，雨季遇到大雨会形成水患。为除水患海阳人民政府出资修建条石堰，它可以减缓水的流速，达到防灾减灾的作用。但同时又起到了水土保持的功效。水利专家曾来此考察，认为这是北方修建时间最早、规模最大的水土保持工程。在70年代时胶东半岛曾发生过一场松灾，灾难过后招虎山的松树恢复的速度最快。还有就是我身旁的这条溪水，四季流淌从不断流，在北方非常少见。这些都与条石堰是有很大关联的，它们是招虎山山水的“守护神”。

​夫妻岩：大家顺我手所指方向看一下，对面有两个小尖尖的山峰，它呢叫做夫妻岩。关于这个夫妻岩还有一段感人的传说：山上曾经住着一对父女，他们以采药给百姓治病为生，他的女儿长得非常漂亮，后来嫁给一个秀才，一家三口其乐融融，后来县官听说她的美貌想占为己有，在走投无路的情况下，夫妻双双跳崖殉情。过了七天正逢农历七月初七，在他们跳崖的地方长出一块参天巨石，人们为了纪念他们给这巨石起名“夫妻岩”。

芦苇荡：我们身旁所经过的地方就是芦苇荡，大家都知道芦苇是生长在江、河、湖水的岸边它们是特别耐湿的植物，请大家仔细观察在芦苇中间还长着松树和柞树，柞树、松树是特别耐干的植物，耐干的植物和耐湿的植物相互生长在一起而且如此旺盛，这是招虎山森林公园又一个奇特景观。招虎山的土壤十分特别，它具有良好的透水性。到了秋天雪白的芦花随风飞舞会形成一种景观，前面有四个字代表这种景观，大家可以到前面看一下是否认得?这四个字是“荻芦飞雪”，到了秋天芦花被风一吹像下雪一样就形成荻芦飞雪的景观。

关于英文的导游词

今天就给大家分享两篇国内关于英文的导游词给大家欣赏，希望你们喜欢哦。谢谢欣赏。

湖北三峡英文导游词

Good morning, ladies and Gentlemen, Welcome to China! Welcome to Hubei Province!

Today I am very pleased to show you Three Gorges of Yangtze River.

At first I’ll have a brief introduction of Yangtze River, the Yangtze River, the biggest river in China, the third longest in the World, starts with the Tuotuo River at the Roof of the World -Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, takes in countless rivers, and flows eastward across the interior of China. With an overall length of more than 6,300 kilometers, the Yangtze River, next only to the Amazon and the Nile, is the third biggest river in the world and is a cradle that breeds the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.

When the Yangtze River reaches the eastern Sichuan Basin in southwest China, it cuts through the Wushan Mountain. Here the river course suddenly narrows and the waters become turbulent. Sheer cliffs and steep mountains rise on either side, creating one of natures most fantastic sights. The Three Gorges---Qutang, wuxia and xiling----start just after Fengjie and end near Yichang, stretch about 200 kilometers. The Gorges vary from 300metres at their widest to less than 100 meters at their narrowest.

Qutang Gorge is the smallest and shortest Gorge, but grandest of the three. The Yangtze River, mighty and rapid here is suddenly contained like a thousand seas poured into one cup, as the Song Dynasty poet SU Tungpo described the spectacle. High on the both bank, at a place called Bellows Gorge, are a series of crevices. This area is said to have been the home of an ancient tribe whose custom was to place the coffins of their crevices, some containing bronze swords, armour and other artifacts, but the coffins are believed to date back as far as the Warring States Period (475bc----221BC)

Wu Gorge extends 40 kilometers along which the river snakes between based strange-shaped mountain peaks, each of which has a reputation based on a beautiful legend. The story of the 12 Peaks of Wushan goes like this: 12 nymphs once descended to enjoy themselves in the secular world. Finding how perilous Wushan Gorge was, they decided to stay there to protect ships. As time went by, they transformed themselves into 12 peaks. The Goddess Peak, the most graceful of the 12, is said to have been yaoji, the youngest daughter of the Queen mother of the Western Heaven .Goddess Peak stands out from the other peaks on the northern bank to be the first to greet the morning sun and the last to bid it farewell, hence its another name, Viewing the glow Peak. Seen at a distance, it resembles the silhouette of a beautiful young lady.

Down stream from the zigzagging Wuxia Gorge is Xiling Gorge which stretches 78 kilometers eastward and the cliffs on either side rise to just over 900 meters. Xiling Gorge is awesome with its dangerous rapids, shoals, reefs, sharp turns, billowy whirlpools. The water at one point is so turbulent that it seems to be boiling during the flood season. Xiling Gorge in the east consists of several small gorges. On the top of another is a rock that looks like a sword. On the crag of the north bank are two pieces of brown rock, which are named Bulls Liver and Horse Lung, whose shape they take. Next does the Lantern Shadow Gorge, which has four rocks, resemble Monk Xuan Zang and his three disciples---Monkey, Piggy and Sandy in the classic Chinese adventures of the four on their way to India to obtain Buddhist scriptures.

Around the last bend of Xiling Gorge stretches a vast plain. The river suddenly becomes wide here. Travelers on the Yangtze cruise may also visit many sites of historical and scenic interest along the river banks including the ruined of baidi Town and Precious Stone Village.

Everyone knows that the Yangtze Gorges are changing since the well-known Three Gorges Dam Project is being built at Sabdouping, Yichang, Hubei Province. The dam is 181 meters in height. Its construction investment comes up to 203.9 billion rmb, equals to 24.65 billion U.S. dollars. The installed power generation capacity is expected to be 18.2 million kilo watts. With the dam built, the flood in the Yangtze River valley will be controlled, navigation improved besides the economic benefits. Tourism will be little affected. Many cultural and historical relics are now being removed to a higher ground before the rise of the water level approaches.

Ladies and Gentlemen, the time has gone very quickly and your trip is drawing to a close. It’s a pity that you cannot stay here any longer. Please allow me, then, take this opportunity to thank you for your cooperation and understanding, and if you come back in the future, I hope to see you again and be your guide again.

北京故宫英文导游词

(In front of the meridian gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today.

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(After entering the Meridian Gate and standing in front of the Five Marble Bridges on Golden Water River)

now we are inside the Forbidden City.Before we start our tour, I would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .To complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the City of Beijing. The Forbidden City covers roughly one –third of this central axis. Most of the important building in the Forbidden City weree arranged along this line. The design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.

The Forbidden City is divided into an outer and an inner count.We are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. In front of us lies the Gate of supreme Harmony .The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. The lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. The other one is a female. Underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. The winding brook before us is the Golden Water River. It functions both as decoration and fire control .The five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by Confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. The river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. This was meant to show that the Emperors ruled the country on behalf of God.

(In front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

The Forbidden City consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. The out count yard covers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and the Gate of Heavenly Purity. The “three big halls” of Supreme Harmony, Complete Harmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building group. Flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: Wenhua (Prominent Scholars) and Wuying (Brave Warriors) . The three great halls are built on a spacious “H”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, Each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. There are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .The hall of supreme Harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of China. From the palace of Heavenly Purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. In the center are the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Union and Peace and Palace of Earthly Tranquility, a place where the Emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. Flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. There are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial Garden, Caning garden and Quailing garden. An inner Golden Water River flows eastwardly within the inner court. The brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the Forbidden City. It is spanned by the White Jade Bridge. The river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. Most of the structures within the Forbidden City have yellow glazed tile roofs.

Aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. With these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. Folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the Forbidden City. Since Paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the Son of Heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. It is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the Wenyuange Pavilion (imperial library). As a matter of fact, although the Forbidden City has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .The Wenyuange Pavilion is a library where “Si Ku Quan Shu”- China `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(After walking past the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the Forbidden City. This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple “H”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.

The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406. It burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty. On the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.

There was a total of 24 successive emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here. The ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice, The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.

This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. In the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor. On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. In wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .Why so vast a square? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. Imagine the following scene. Under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into a fairyland. Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. Civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.

The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne. At the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .He was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”I don’t want to stay here. I want to go home.” His father tried to soothe him, saying, ”It` all soon be finished .It` all soon be finished ”The ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. Coincidentally, the Qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded China `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.

(On the stone terrace of the Hall of Supreme Harmony)

This is a bronze incense burner. In it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. There are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the Sing monarchs. On either side of the Hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. Next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. This copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” It served as the national standard during the Qing dynasty. It was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. On the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. The jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the Emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.

In the very forefront of the Hall of Supreme Harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. The hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, It is 35 meters in height. In front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .It has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. In the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. Behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . The flanks are decorated with elephants, Luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. The elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. As ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. Only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony is also popularly known as Jinluan Dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). The floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .The so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. Reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. Each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.

The hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .Of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. Above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the Specialities of China `s ancient architure. In the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. This copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the Xuanyuan Mirror and is thought to be made Xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. The placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of China` s successive emperors are Zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. Now you might have noticed that the Xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. Why? It is rumored that Yuan Shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .In 1916 when Yuan Shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a Western-style, high-back chair. After the foundation of the People` s Republic of China in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. It repaired and returned to the hall.

(Leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient Chinese. They believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. The vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. They were kept full of water all year round.

During the Qing Dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. They were made of gilt bronze or iron. Of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. When the allied forces (Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the United States, Italy, Japan and Austria) invaded Beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. During the Japanese occupation of Beijing, many vats were trucked away by the Japanese to be made into bullets .

(In front of the Hall of Complete Harmony)

The square architecture before us is called the Hall of Complete Harmony. It served as an antechamber. The Emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral Temple. The seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. The two Qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.

(In front of the hall f Preserving Harmony)

this is the Hall of Preserving Harmony. During the Qing Dynasty, banquets were held here on New Year` s eve in honour of Mongolian and Northwestern China` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. The Emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. Imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. The national exam was presided over by the emperor. The civil service exam in ancient China started during the Han Dynasty. It served the purpose of recruiting Confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. During the Tang and Qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. Once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to Beijing and took exams for three day and night. This system was abolished in 1905.

(Behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the palace . It is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .It weighs about 200 tons. The block was quarried in Fangshan County, roughly 70 kilometers away. To transport such a huge block to Beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. Rolling blocks were used in the summer. In 1760, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the Ming Dynasty.

Note : From here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(Route A), a central route (Route B) or an eastern route (Route C) .The commentary for each follows.

Route A

Ladies and Gentlemen:

You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . The hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to Fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) Hall in the east. This hall was built during the Ming Dynasty. IT is a H-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .The hall is surrounded by corridors. In front of the hall is the Office of Privy Council.

Before Emperor Kangxi of Qing the Dynasty came to power the Hall of Heavenly Purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. Emperor Yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .For the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .You can have a look at the inside from the door. The central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. The western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. The hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of Buddha and miniature pagodas. On the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the Han costume. In a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “Sanxitang” (Room of Three Rare Treasures) . The room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that Empress Dowager Cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . A bamboo curtain was used to separate them .

Empress Dowage Cixi was born in 1835 in Lu` an Prefecture of shanxi province. She` s of Manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south China. When she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of Emperor Xianfeng and moved into the Forbidden City. She gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. When the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of Cixi, meaning “Holy Mother” was conferred upon her and she became the Empress Dowager. In that same year Empress Dowager Cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, Ci` an, for 48 years. She passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. It was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .In 1912 , Empress dowager Longyu declared the abdication of the last Qing emperor Puyi. They were allowed to remain in the Forbidden City for the next 13 years .The royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.

Behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive Qing emperors .Three of them actually passed away here. The side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. Now let` s continue with our tour. It will take us to the Hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.

Route B

(Inside the Hall of heavenly Purity)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We are now entering the inner court. From the Gate of Heavenly Purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .The Hall of heavenly Purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the Reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty. There are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .In the center of the hall there a throne. Above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “Be open and above-board,” written by Shenzhi,the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Beginning with Qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. The box was opened only after the emperor passed away. Altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daohuang and Xian feng.

The hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the Ming and Qing dynasties. According to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on New Year` s Eve in honour of royal family members. Foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-Qing period. Two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the Qing Dynasty were also held here. All the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.

This hall was also used for mourning services.

(Inside the Palace of Union and Peace)

this hall sits between the Hall of heavenly Purity and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .It was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. The hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the Hall of complete Harmony .You will see a plaque here inscribed with two Chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by Emperor Qianglong. A throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .Above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. The emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.

In 1748 during Emperor Qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .No seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. On each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.

(Inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

This used to be the central hall where successive Ming empresses lived. During the Qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .The room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.

Route C

Ladies and Gentlemen:

You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. The first is the Treasure Hall. This mansion is called the Hall of Imperial Zenith. This is where Sing Emperor Quailing lived after abdication. Nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the Golden Hair Tower is one of the most famous. This tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .It was built under the order of Emperor Quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. There is also a “Day harnessing Water Jade Hill ” on display here. Yu was a legendary monarch of the remote Ixia dynasty. Under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the Yellow River. This jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in China. This mat was woven with peeled ivory. These artifacts are among China` s rarest treasures.

(In front of the Nine-Dragon Screen)

this is the Nine-Dragon Relief Screen .Erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width. Underneath is a foundation made of marble .The surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits The ancient Chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits .The ancient Chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .The 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. Interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. It is believe that when the Nine-dragon Screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .Emperor Qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .Using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection. Later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.

(Approaching the Imperial Garden)

Behind the Palace of Earthly Tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial Garden. There are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this garden .It cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the Forbidden City. Most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged . However, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration. Woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.

There main structure of the Imperial Garden is the Qin` an Hall. Positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west. The hall sits on a marble pedestal. The Taoist deity of Zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis. Taoist rites were held during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. In front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .In all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines. To the northwest of the hall , there is the Yanhui(Sustaining Sunshine) Pavilion and to the northeast there lies the Duixiu (Accumulated Refinement )Hill. This Hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed Guanhua (Admiring Flowers) Hall of the Ming Dynasty. It is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province. At its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth. There are meandering paths leading to the hilltop. At the top of Duixiu Hill sits the Yujing (Imperial Viewing)Pavilion. Traditionally, On the day of the Double Ninth Festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month ), the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to Yujing Pavilion to enjoy the scenery.

At the southeastern corner of the Garden is Jiangxue(Crimson Snowy) Verandah. Nearby to the southwest lies Yangxing Study (study of the cultivation of nature) .The yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi once studied English there. In front of the Jiangxue Verandah some Chinese flowering crabapples grow. The structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms trun from crimson to snowy white. In front of the Verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna Province under the order of Empress dowager Cixi. In the northest is Chizao Tang (Hall of Using Flowery Language), once used as a library where rare books were stored.

There are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four seasons .The halls of Wanchun and Qianqiu ,representing spring and autumn respectively ,are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped ridges. The halls of Chengrui and Fubi,dedecated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their bases .Paths were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different designs.

The Imperial Garden can be accessed through the Qiong yuan (Jade Garden )West gate or the qiong yuan east gate. A third gate, the shunzhen(Obedience and Fidelity)Gate, opens to the north. Its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.

As our tour of the Forbidden City draws to a close, I hope that I have helped you understand why the Palace is a treasure of China and one of the cultural relics of the world. It is under the strict protection of the Chinese government. Since 1949 when the people` s Rupublic of China was founded, nearly one trillion RMB was spent on its restoration and refurbishment. The Forbidden City has undergone four major facelifts to date. Each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics. The Palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics. Well, so much for today .Let` s go to reboard the coach. Thank you !

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

岱庙创建于汉代 ，为泰山信仰的祖庭，有“秦即作畴”、“汉亦起宫”之载。汉武帝时期(前140-前87年)，汉廷于博县境内建泰山庙(又名岱宗庙，后世习称东岳庙，即今岱庙的前身)。武帝元封二年(前120_年)四月，武帝巡东莱，过祀泰山。于泰山庙中植柏千株，夹庙之两阶，是为岱庙汉柏之由来。

后赵 建武十三年(347年)，后赵永贵侯张余向泰山庙献金马一匹，高二尺余，形制甚精，供奉于庙中神器库。

东魏 兴和三年(541年)，兖州刺史李仲璇重修岱岳祠，并“虔修岱像(泰山神像)”。此为岳庙设立泰山神像之始。

隋 开皇十五年(595年)，文帝行巡兖州，遂次岱岳祭天“饰神庙展宫悬于庭”。开皇二十年(620_年)十二月，文帝下诏保护泰山等神造像，称：“五岳四镇，节宣云雨，利益兆人，故建庙立祀，以时恭敬。敢有毁坏偷盗岳镇海渎神形者，以不道论。”

唐 武德七年(620_年)，唐廷立制：东岳泰山祭于兖州，年行一祭，以立春举行。 武周时期(690-720_年)，武则天命将岱岳庙(岱庙)由汉址升元观前(今岱宗坊西南)移建于今址。开元十三年(720_年)十一月，玄宗封泰山，禅社首山。日本、新罗、大食等数十国皆遣使从封。礼成后诏封泰山神为天齐王，命拓修泰山庙。开元二十年(732年)，泰山神进封王号后，其信仰较前更盛。天宝十一年(752年)，朝廷遣朝议郎、行掖令孙惠仙诸人修整岱岳庙告成，立题名碑柱于庙庭。唐时，于岱岳庙植槐，今岱庙唐槐院古槐，传为唐植。唐代(618-920_年)，随着泰山神影响的增大，各地渐有行祠(于泰山以外地域奉祀泰山神的庙宇)之建，元和之前，兖州、鱼台等县已有泰山府君祠，其他关内、河东各道亦多建有东岳庙宇。

宋太祖开宝三年(970年)，遣太子右赞善大夫袁仁甫等重修岳渎祠庙，此为东岳庙入宋后首次重修。宋真宗大中祥符元年(1020_年)七月，创建天贶殿。十月，诏封泰山神为“仁圣天齐王”。大中祥符六年(1020_年)六月，真宗诏翰林学士晁迥撰《大宋东岳天齐仁圣帝碑铭》，记加封泰山神帝号之事，立石于岳庙。宣和六年(1120_年)，宋徽宗嗣位后，屡降诏命，增葺岳庙，至是竣工，称“凡为殿、寝、堂、阁、门、亭、库、馆、楼、观、廊、庑，合八百一十有三楹。”诏翰林学士宇文粹中撰《宣和重修泰岳庙碑》。同期，民间报赛活动的频繁举行，泰山庙会逐渐形成，尤以三月二十八日之东岳庙会为盛。

金 世宗大定十八年(1178年)，东岳庙发生火灾，惟存门墙，堂室荡然。次年金廷敕令知泰安军事徐伟等加以重修。金宣宗贞祐四年(1220_年)，岳庙因遭战火，殿宇尽焚，仅存延禧与诚明堂。

元 世祖中统四年(1263年)元廷以岳渎诸庙多毁于金末兵火，命掌教宗师诚明真人张志敬分别修复。张志敬委泰山道士张志纯提举东岳庙事务。至元三年(1266年)四月，元世祖诏命重修东岳庙，构建仁安殿，以奉祀泰山神。元惠宗至正四年(1344年)九月，惠宗颁旨，宣谕保护东岳庙产。元末，战事频繁，东岳庙被毁。

明太祖洪武三年(1370年)六月，明太祖以“岳渎之灵受命于上帝，非国家封号所可加”，诏去泰山神封号，改称东岳泰山之神，立碑岳庙诏告天下。明成祖永乐元年(1420_年)十二月，下诏修泰安州东岳庙。明世宗嘉靖元年(1520_年)，山东参政吕经改泰安东岳庙前草参亭为遥参亭。遥参亭原为岱庙之第一门，明代奉祀元君像于其中，遂与岱庙分隔。嘉靖二十六年(1547年)十二月，岱庙起火，正殿、门廊俱焚，仅存寝宫及炳灵、延禧二殿。古树、碑刻也多被毁。此后朝议重修，聚材鸠工，历时十余年始开工重建。

清康熙七年(1668年)六月十七日夜，泰安发生强烈地震，东岳庙配天门、三灵侯殿、大殿等墙垣坍塌。康熙十二年(1673年)南明延平郡王郑经在东宁省城(今中国台湾台南)创建东岳庙，奉祀泰山神，自此泰山信仰传入中国台湾。康熙十六年(1677年)五月，重修泰安东岳庙竣工。此前东岳庙建筑多因康熙七年地震而毁，山东布政使施天裔委张所存督工营缮，全部工程历时十年。殿宇门墙皆予重修，并于正阳门前创建岱庙石坊一座。同期，在岱庙施工期间，泰安民间画工刘志学等人应召在峻极殿(即今岱庙大殿)绘制《泰山神启跸回銮图》壁画。康熙二十四年(1685年)，泰安官府于岱庙建御墨亭，以庋圣祖登岱手书。乾隆五十五年(1790年)三月，高宗东巡至泰安，谒岱庙登岱祀 碧霞祠。 高宗前后十次巡幸泰安岱庙，共题泰山诗百七十余首。

1949年7月，开始修复岱庙。

1953年，整修岱庙 天贶殿、 东御座等主要建筑8处。

1957年，翻修岱庙后寝宫、东灵侯殿、太尉殿、配天门等;汉柏院新建假山，并将石碑镶嵌在该院东墙。

1984年5月1日泰山岱庙天贶殿东岳大帝神像重塑完工，塑像高4.4米。同年，复建岱庙厚载门、正阳门。厚载门建筑面积165平方米。厚载门两侧恢复城墙96.5米，并新建仿古建筑100平方米。翻修御碑亭，续建廊房15间。

1986年2月1日， 泰安市博物馆成立，馆址设在岱庙。

1987年，被列入 世界文化与自然遗产清单。

20_年，修复岱庙北、东城墙部分，至此岱庙城墙完善工程，基本完成。

20_年，完成历代石雕、汉画像石、历代碑刻、岱庙神轴及配天门临展厅等五个展室的改造。在钟楼和西神门之间，复建廊房11间，面积339平方米。西花园进行改造工程。

20_年，建立了岱庙网站，涵盖了岱庙景区建设和博物馆管理的公共和研究信息。进行厚载门生态停车场改造。完成雨花道院建设工程、三灵侯、太尉殿两个殿的彩画和塑像。

20_年，完成了委重点项目汉柏亭和东御座过廊的维修，通过了全国文明风景旅游区复核。

20_年，泰山东岳庙会在岱庙隆重举行。举办“天贶殿、碧霞祠千年庆典”大型活动。进行东花园凉棚抢救性翻修、东御座垂花门及两座仪门翻修工程。