苏州园林狮子林导游词(最新20篇)

一、广州概况

(一)地理位置

广州市是广东省省会，广东省政治、经济、科技、教育和文化的中心。广州市地处中国大陆南方，广东省的中南部，珠江三角洲的北缘，接近珠江流域下游入海口。其范围是东经112度57分至114度3分，北纬22度26分至23度56分。东连惠州市博罗、龙门两县，西邻佛山市的三水、南海和顺德区，北靠清远市的市区和佛冈县及韶关市的新丰县，南接东莞市和中山市，隔海与香港、澳门特别行政区相望。

由于珠江口岛屿众多，水道密布，有虎门、蕉门、洪奇门等水道出海，使广州成为中国远洋航运的优良海港和珠江流域的进出口岸。广州又是京广、广深、广茂和广梅汕铁路的交汇点和华南民用航空交通中心，与全国各地的联系极为密切。因此，广州有中国“南大门”之称。

(二)政区人口

广州市辖越秀、海珠、荔湾、天河、白云、黄埔、花都、番禺、南沙、萝岗十区和从化、增城两个县级市,总面积为7434.40平方千米，占全省陆地面积的4.21%。20_年末，广州市户籍总人口806.14万人，比上年末增加11.52万人。其中市区人口664.29万人，县级市人口141.85万人，分别比上年增加9.61万人和1.92万人。

(三)自然条件

地势和气候:广州地势东北高、西南低, 依山傍水, 北部和东北部是山区, 南部是珠江三角洲冲积平原。亚热带季风气候, 夏无酷暑, 冬无严寒, 雨量充沛,四季如春, 繁花似锦。20_年，各区(县级市)的平均年降水量在1800多毫米之间，呈东多西少分布格局，年平均气温在21.5～22.2℃之间。

自然资源:广州市的地质构造相当复杂，有较好的成矿条件。截至20_年，已发现矿产47种、矿产地820处，其中大、中型矿床22处。主要矿产有建筑用花岗岩、水泥用灰岩、陶瓷土、钾、钠长石、盐矿、芒硝、霞石正长岩、萤石、大理石、矿泉水和热矿水等。广州市生物种类繁多，生长快速。其中荔枝有55个品种。增城丝苗米是广州市第一个获得地理标志的保护品种。野生动物约有210多种。

全市水域面积7.44万公顷，占全市土地面积的10%，主要河流有北江、东江北干流及增江、流溪河、白坭河、珠江广州河段、市桥水道、沙湾水道等。广州市大小河流(涌)众多，集雨面积在100平方公里以上的河流共有22条，老八区主要河涌有231条、总长913公里，构成了独特的岭南水乡文化特色。从化一带有丰富的地下温泉,水温摄氏50℃-70℃, 含有丰富的矿物质。粮食作物以优质籼稻为主, 一年两熟。经济作物以蔬菜、水果、花卉等为主。广州是“水果之乡”,主要产荔枝、龙眼、香蕉、菠萝、木瓜、杨桃等。广州的花卉和盆景远近驰名, 以阴生观叶植物、高档盆花、鲜切花、岭南盆景为主。阴生观叶植物占全国市场一半以上,红掌、蝴蝶兰、一品红等盆景已成为全国性的生产基地, 盆景远销欧美等海外市场。

广州山青水秀, 风光旖旎, 旅游资源丰富, 旅游景点100多处,其中以20_年5月18日新入选的羊城新八景(塔耀新城、珠水流光、云山叠翠、越秀风华、古祠流芳、荔湾胜境、科城锦绣、湿地唱晚)等景点最负盛名。20_年，广州旅游业克服全球金融危机带来的影响，全年全市接待游客1.18亿人次，比上年增长6.30%。

(四) 悠久历史

广州是一座有2200多年悠久历史的文化名城。早在公元前九世纪的周代, 这里的“百越”人和长江中游的楚国人已有来往, 建有“楚庭”,这是广州最早的名称。秦始皇33年(公元前220_年)统一岭南后建南海郡(郡治设在“番禺”, 即今天的广州)。公元220_年, 孙权为便于统治,将交州分为交州和广州两部分, “广州”由此得名。直到1920_年成立市政厅, 才特指广州这座城市。

广州又称“羊城”。相传周朝时, 南海飘来五朵彩色祥云, 五仙人骑着五只羊, 各携带一串谷穗降临此处, 赠谷穗给居民, 祝福此地五谷丰登、永无饥荒,留下五羊化为石头。今越秀公园建有以此传说为题材的“五羊石像”。

广州秦汉时就是繁荣都会, 汉唐以来是海上“丝绸之路”的始发港, 也是中国最早对外的通商口岸。

广州是中国近代和现代革命的策源地。著名的三元里人民抗英斗争、黄花岗起义、广州起义均发生在广州。孙中山在广州创办了黄埔军校,曾经三次建立了政权。_在这里创办的农民运动讲习所, 培养了大批革命骨干力量。张太雷、叶挺、叶剑英等在这里领导了轰轰烈烈的广州起义,并建立了广州苏维埃政权“广州公社”。鲁迅、郭沫若、郁达夫等也曾来广州传播先进文化。

广州的文物古迹众多。现有国家、省、市三级文物保护单位共219个, 其中全国重点文物保护单位19个, 省级文物保护单位41个,市级文物保护单位159个。中山四路一带先后发现了秦汉造船遗址和南越国宫署遗址, 其中南越国宫署遗址两次被评为“全国十大考古新发现”。目前,南越国宫署遗址、南越王墓、南越国水闸遗址等三处南越国史迹正联合申报联合国世界文化遗产。

(五) 文化习俗

广州是岭南文化的中心地。粤剧是广州地区最有代表性的地方剧, 享有“南国红豆”的盛誉。流行于粤、港、澳和东南亚等地区。广东音乐源于广州和珠江三角洲,吸纳了中原古乐、江南小调和昆曲等的精华, 与本地民歌、民谣相结合而成。岭南画派是现代中国画派之一。广雕、广彩、广绣驰名中外。粤菜是中国一大菜系, 菜谱上千种,“食在广州”闻名天下。

广州的民间习俗很多, 有迎春花市、龙舟竞渡,、重阳登高、摆年橘、饮早茶等。

广州佛教、道教、伊斯兰教、天主教、_五大宗教俱全, 主要活动场所有六榕寺、三元宫、怀圣寺、石室天主堂、东山堂等。

(六) 华侨之乡

广州是全国著名的侨乡, 华侨人数居全国大城市之首。据统计, 海外华侨华人106.08万人, 分布在世界130多个国家和地区, 港澳同胞87.72万人,归侨、侨眷、港澳眷属156.87万人。广州市从1986年开始, 分12批共授予373人“广州市荣誉市民”称号, 以表彰他们对广州作出的贡献。

Before I came to Qufu, many of my friends may have known a lot about Qufuand Confucius, but some of them didnt know much about them. Now, before I enterthe scenic spots, Id like to briefly introduce Qufu and Confucius.

Qufu is located in the southwest of Shandong Province, China. There are620000 people in Qufu, including an urban population of 100000 and an area of890 square kilometers. The word "Qufu" first appeared in Erya. Ying Shaoexplained in the Eastern Han Dynasty that there was a Fu in the city of Lu, andWeiqu was seven or eight Li long, so it was named "Qufu". In 1012, the fifthyear of dazhongxiangfu, Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty, in order tocommemorate the birth of Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of the Chinesenation, in Qufu, he once changed his name to Xianyuan county. In 1129, EmperorTaizong of the Jin Dynasty renamed Qufu, which is still in use today. Qufu is asmall city. However, Qufu is also an ancient city with 5000 years ofcivilization and culture. In this sacred and ancient land, there are four peopleleft traces of the three emperors and five emperors in ancient Chinese legend.According to historical records, Emperor Century and other historical records,"the Yellow Emperor was born in Shouqiu", "SHAOHAO ascended the throne from thepoor sang, called Qufu as the capital, and was buried in Yunyang mountain". Now,eight miles east of Qufu, there is still a pyramid tomb, SHAOHAO mausoleum.There is a Chinese saying that "people go to the top, water flows to thebottom". Can we understand that our ancestors of the Chinese nation migratedfrom here, from the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to the CentralPlains, to the Loess Plateau, while our mothers rivers, the Yellow River andthe Yangtze River, galloped down from the Loess Plateau, and finally flowed intothe sea In fact, most of the sages in Jiangbei came from Qufu. In the feudaltimes of China, there were six saints granted by the emperor. They wereConfucius, Mencius, fushengyanzi, shushengzisi, zongshengzengzi andyuanshengzhougong. The first four were born in Qufu. The last two were disciplesof Confucius and fiefdoms in Qufu. Zhougong was the king of the state of Lu for33 generations, and Shandong has been called Lu since then. Now there are manycultural relics in Qufu, including 4 national cultural relics, 11 provincialrelics and more than 100 municipal relics. In 1982, Qufu was announced by theState Council as one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural cities inChina. In 1994, Qufus "three Confucius" was officially listed as a worldcultural heritage by the United Nations. Because of its important contributionto Oriental culture, many people call Qufu one of the three holy cities in theworld: "Oriental Mecca". Here, you have to ponder, but also can not helpfeeling, because here is deeply rooted in the Chinese nation, deeply rooted intraditional Chinese culture.

Dear friends, in China, in the East, a land with a history of 5000 years ofcivilization, you may not understand the inscriptions on bronzes, or what thehuman head and animal body represent or symbolize. However, when you walk intothe life of the Chinese people and walk on the ancient land where the Chinesenation thrives and works to create, you can feel and touch the Confucian culturein the daily life of the Chinese people, and then you can experience thedifferences between the Chinese people and other nationalities in their way oflife, customs and ideals. No matter from which angle or level you explore thepersonality and character of the Chinese nation, it is not difficult to find thegene of Confucian culture. In the long process of historical evolution,Confucian culture has almost become the synonym of Chinese traditional culture.The founder of Confucian culture is Confucius.

Confucius was born in 551 B.C. and died in 479 B.C. at the age of 73. WhenConfucius was 3 years old, his father uncle Liang he died. When he was 16 yearsold, his mother Yan Zheng died. Young Confucius became an orphan and began hislife of making a living, studying and struggling alone in a hierarchical feudalsociety.

As a young man, Confucius studied hard and asked questions frequently. Inhis youth, he mastered the six arts of etiquette, music, archery, imperial,calligraphy and mathematics, and then mastered the six classics of poetry,calligraphy, etiquette, music, changes and spring and autumn, which laid thefoundation for the establishment of Confucian culture.

At the age of 30, Confucius set up a school to teach students, and began along education career. He was the first to give private lectures in China, toface the public, and to advocate "education without discrimination". He becamethe first great educator in China and the world.

When Confucius was 51 years old, he became a magistrate of Zhongdu county.Later, he worked as a prime minister in Lu. However, not long after that, heresigned and left the state of Lu to begin his 14 year tour of othercountries.

When Confucius returned to the state of Lu at the age of 68, he devotedalmost all his energy to teaching and literature collation until his death.Confuciuss life is a life of wandering and suffering, a life of hard work andencouragement, a life of spring breeze and rain, a life of cultivating talents,a life of writing books and writing stories, and a life of saving the world.Today, although his body has gone up in smoke and ashes, his thoughts havepenetrated into the hearts of every Oriental. He has cast the personality andcharacter of the Chinese nation. With the development of history and socialprogress, Confucius will also guide mankind to stride into the 21st century.

There are many cultural relics and tourist attractions in Qufu, most ofwhich are related to Confucius and Confucius culture. Now we are located in theSouth Gate of the ancient city of qufuming. To the north of the gate is theConfucius Temple, which is known as one of the three ancient buildings in China.There are four characters "Wanren palace wall" above the gate. Ren is an ancientunit of length, one Ren is about 8 feet. It is said that some people praisedConfucius disciple Zigong for his knowledge. After hearing that, Zigong said,"human knowledge is like a palace wall. My knowledge is only as high as the topof the wall. People can see everything in the wall when they see it. ButConfucius, my teacher, has several walls. If you dont find other doors, youcant see the beauty of the temple and the variety of houses inside the wall.".In order to express their admiration for Confucius, Hu zuanzong in Ming Dynastywrote "Wanren palace wall" on the city gate. In order to show his worship forConfucius, Emperor Qianlong in Qing Dynasty took down the stele and replaced itwith "Wanren palace wall". This is the origin of "Wanren palace wall".

Confucius Temple is a temple built by later generations to offer sacrificesto Confucius. It was built in the second year after Confucius died. With an areaof 327.5 mu, it imitates the Imperial Palace system. It is divided into ninecourtyards and arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The whole buildingcomplex has 466 rooms, including five halls, one Pavilion, one altar, twoverandas, two halls, 17 stele pavilions and 54 gate squares, with a length ofabout 1 km from north to south. Confucius Temple is the only isolated example inthe history of architecture in the world, which is magnificent, large in area,long in history and well preserved.

Outside the east wall of the gate of Confucius Temple, there is a tabletsaying "officials and people wait to dismount here". In the past, any officialwho came here, military officials would dismount and civil officials woulddismount to show respect for Confucius.

The first stone square of Confucius Temple is called "Jin Sheng Yu Zhensquare". Mencius once had such a comment on Confucius, he said: "Confucius iscalled jidacheng, jidacheng, Jinsheng and yuzhenzhi.". "Jin Sheng, Yu Zhen"refers to the whole process of playing music, which starts with striking thebell and ends with striking the rock. It refers to the great achievement ofConfucius thought of gathering ancient sages and sages. On the lotus throneabove the stone square, there is a unicorn monster called "ward off evilspirits" or "roar from the sky". This is the only ornament that can be used inthe Royal Palace of feudal society.

The first gate of Confucius Temple is called "Lingxing gate". "Latticestar" is also known as Tiantian star. The ancients worshipped heaven first."Lingxingmen" was written by Qianlong. "Taihe Yuanqi" square is similar to"Jinsheng Yuzhen" square. The inscription is written by Zeng Mian, governor ofShandong Province in Ming Dynasty, praising Confucius thought as heaven andearth produce all things. There is a waist gate in the East and west of thecourtyard, and it is written in the East that "demou is as big as heaven andearth, and his theory is the best in ancient and modern times.". This gate iscalled "Shengshi gate". From here, we can feel profound and profound. The word"holy time" is taken from the sentence "Confucius, the sage of the time" inMencius, which means that among the sages, Confucius is the most suitable onefor the times.

When you cross the Shengshi gate, you will face the small stone bridge,which is called Bishui bridge. There are two gates on both sides of the bridgeto the south. The east gate is called "quick view gate", which means to seefirst. The west gate is called "Yanggao gate", which praises Confucius profoundknowledge. When we enter the gate, we call it "Hongdao gate". These three wordsare taken from the sentence "people can promote Taoism" in the Analects ofConfucius. Weixing Gong, in order to praise Confucius for expounding the "Tao"of Yao, Shun, Tang and Wenwu. This gate is also the gate of Confucius Temple in1377. Then there is "dazhongmen". Dazhongmen is the gate of Confucius Temple inSong Dynasty. Its original name is "gonghemen". Its meaning is related toConfucius doctrine of the mean. Looking south from this gate, we can see thehistorical evolution of Confucius Temple on the one hand, and the continuousexpansion of Confucius temple on the other. These buildings include Qing Dynastybuildings, Ming Dynasty buildings and Song Dynasty buildings. They were built indifferent times The craftsmen are different, but they all cooperate with eachother and complement each other to form a whole. Looking at the Confucius templearchitecture, we can see part of the development history of Chinese feudalsociety.

This monument was erected in 1468, the fourth year of Chenghua in MingDynasty, so it is also called "Chenghua monument". It was erected by ZhuJianshen, Emperor Xianzong of Ming Dynasty. The monument is 6 meters high and 2meters wide. This tablet is famous for its exquisite calligraphy, and itsinscription is written in the form of argumentation, which can be said to be themost highly respected of Confucius. Please look at the upper right corner. Itsays: "only the way of Confucius can not be absent in one day when there is aworld." it also says: "the way of Confucius is in the world, like cloth, silk,millet and Shu, and peoples daily use can not be absent.". The animal under themonument is not a tortoise. Its called _ 屭. Its the son of the dragon. It canbear heavy loads, so its used to carry the monument. Theres a saying that "adragon has nine sons, but not a dragon". In the Confucius Temple, you can seethe dragon and his nine sons. Local people often come here to touch _ 屭. Theysay: "touch _ 屭s head, never worry, touch _ 屭, never get sick.".

The wooden structure in front of us is called "Kuiwen Pavilion", which usedto be the library of Confucius Temple. "Kuixing" is one of the twenty-eightconstellations, with sixteen stars, "buckled and hooked, like a painting ofwords". Later, people evolved it into the head of civil servants. The feudalemperors compared Confucius to the Kuixing star in the sky, so Confucius wasalso known as "civil servants of all ages". The pavilion is 23.35 meters high,30.1 meters wide and 17.62 meters deep, with triple cornices and four layers ofbrackets. Its structure is solid and reasonable. During the reign of EmperorKangxi, there was a big earthquake in Qufu, where "nine houses in the worldexist, one in the world exists". However, Kuiwen Pavilion stands upright andsafe, which shows the wisdom and superb architectural art of the ancient workingpeople in China.

We are now entering the sixth courtyard of the Confucius Temple. In frontof you are 13 stele pavilions, 8 in the South and 5 in the north. There are 55stone tablets of Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties in the pavilion. Mostof the inscriptions are in Chinese, Ba Si Ba and Manchu. The stone tablet in themiddle of this row, weighing about 65 tons, was collected from Xishan Mountainin Beijing. At that time, it was a miracle to transport such a weight stonetablet from thousands of miles away to Qufu. There is one gate in the East andone gate in the west of the courtyard, which is the third waist gate of theConfucius Temple.

Now we enter dachengmen. Dachengmen refers to dachengmen in the world.There are five gates in this row. The most western gate is qishengmen, which isdedicated to Confucius parents. Dachengmen in the middle road is supplementedby jinshengmen and yuzhenmen. The middle road is the most central place ofConfucius Temple, and chengshengmen in the East, which was Confucius formerresidence.

As we all know, Confucius is a great thinker, educator and statesman. Inour opinion, Confucius is first of all an educator. He is the first teacher inChina. The feudal emperor named him "the most sage and the first teacher" and"the model of all ages". It should be said that he is a teacher of all mankindand is worthy of the name of "engineer of human soul". The "apricot altar" infront of us is said to be the place where Confucius set up the altar to givelectures, and the pavilion was built in the Jin Dynasty to commemorate it. Thefamous scholar Dang huaiying wrote the word "apricot altar". There is an apricottree beside the altar, planted by later generations. In early spring, redflowers bloom and green leaves sway. Therefore, when Emperor Qianlong came topay homage, he once wrote a poem praising it. The poem said: when the rice wasin full bloom again, how could it be that there were many flowers in the world,and the civilization was prosperous all the time.

The main hall standing in front of us is the world-famous "Dacheng hall".It is one of the "three main halls" in China. It is as famous as the "Taihehall" in the Forbidden City of Beijing and the "Tianfu hall" in the Dai Templeof Mount Tai. The hall is 24.8 meters high, 45.78 meters wide and 24.8 metersdeep, with carved beams and painted buildings. The golden wall is brilliant,especially the 28 stone pillars around it. They are all world culturaltreasures. They are all carved with whole stones. The front 10 are deep reliefs,with two dragons playing with pearls on each pillar. They are coiled and rising,lifelike, powerful and varied. In the past, when the emperor came, he wrappedthe pillar in yellow cloth. If they see it, they will be ashamed. There are 72dragons in each column, a total of 1296. In the Dacheng hall, there are fourstatues of Confucius on both sides. The East and West are Fusheng Yanhui,Shusheng Kongji, and the west is Zongsheng Zengshen and Yasheng Mencius. Another12. Every year, on September 26 and 28, we hold a grand international ConfuciusCulture Festival and a ceremony to commemorate the birth of Confucius, performlarge-scale music and dance for Confucius and "Xiao Shao music and dance", andhold a variety of cultural and tourism activities. Welcome to our time.

Shiyan is built and prospered by cars. It is not only the hometown ofDongfeng Motor, the automobile city known as "Oriental Detroit", but also amountain city, tourist city and ecological garden city surrounded by beautifulmountains and waters and attractive scenery in four seasons.

Shiyan has a long history and splendid culture. This is an importantbirthplace of the Chinese nation. In 1991, archaeologists excavated two completeskulls of Australopithecus in Quyuan River, Yunxian County, and named them"Yunxian people". Anthropologists believe that this discovery fills a gap in the"chain" of human development in Asia, and is listed as the first of the "top tenarchaeological discoveries in the world" at that time. Todays urban area wasnamed Shiyan in the Qing Dynasty because people dammed the Baier River and theZhihe river for irrigation. This is the birthplace of Taoism and "Wudangboxing". Wudang Taoism has a history of more than one thousand years. Wudangancient buildings have been listed in the world cultural heritage list by theUnited Nations.

Shiyan City, located in the northwest of Hubei Province, governs fivecounties, one city, two districts and one economic and Technological DevelopmentZone, namely Yun County, Yunxi County, Zhushan County, Zhuxi County, FangCounty, Zhangwan District, Maojian District, Danjiangkou City and Bailangeconomic and Technological Development Zone. Shiyan City is not only a car citybuilt, prospered and famous for cars, but also a mountain city and tourist citysurrounded by beautiful mountains and waters and charming scenery in fourseasons. It is the central city of the adjacent areas of Hubei, Henan, Sichuan,Shaanxi and Chongqing.

This is an important birthplace of the Chinese nation. In 1991,archaeologists excavated two complete skulls of Australopithecus in QuyuanRiver, Yunxian County, and named them "Yunxian people". Anthropologists believethat this discovery fills a gap in the "chain" of human development in Asia, andis listed as the first of the "top ten archaeological discoveries in the world"at that time. Shiyan City belongs to Jiao and Yong states in Shang and ZhouDynasties; Chu state in Warring States; Changli County in Hanzhong County in Qinand Han Dynasties; Xi county in Eastern Han and Wei dynasties; Yunxiang Countyin Wudang County in Tang and Song Dynasties; Yun county was established in YuanDynasty. Todays urban area was named Shiyan in the Qing Dynasty because peopledammed the Baier River and the Zhihe river for irrigation. In 1967, in order tobuild the second automobile factory (now Dongfeng Motor Company), the state setup the Shiyan office in Yunxian County. In December 1969, the State Councilapproved the establishment of Shiyan City (county-level city), and in 1973, itwas upgraded to a provincial city. In October 1994, the former Shiyan City andYunyang District merged to form a new Shiyan City. This is the birthplace ofTaoism and "Wudang boxing". Wudang Taoism has a history of more than onethousand years. Wudang ancient buildings have been listed in the world culturalheritage list by the United Nations.

There are abundant mineral resources, including more than 50 kinds ofproven mineral deposits, such as turquoise, gold, silver, stone coal, rareearth, iron, tin, vanadium, antimony, lead, zinc, marble, asbestos, barite,uranium, potassium, molybdenum and cobalt. The theoretical reserves of waterenergy resources are 5 million KW, of which 340 kW can be developed andutilized; Fangxian County is known as the "hometown of Yaner" in China for itsabundant tea and edible fungi and high quality products. There are many kinds ofmedicinal materials, producing more than 2700 kinds of medicinal materials.Among the 363 key varieties determined by the state, there are about 235 kindsof medicinal materials in our city, known as the "natural medicine bank"; Shiyanis a shining pearl on the golden tourism line of Three Gorges - Shennongjia -Wudang Mountain - Xian. There are 25 unique scenic spots in six categories allover the city. There are Wudang Mountain, the holy land of Taoism, Yunxian apeman site and dinosaur egg fossil group, Danjiangkou reservoir, the firstman-made lake in Asia, and the newly developed lake The present skeleton fossilsof ornithopods.

Shiyan is a tourist attraction. It is a bright pearl on the golden tourismline of "Three Gorges of the Yangtze River Shennongjia Gulongzhong WudangMountain Danjiangkou Reservoir ancient city Xian". There are Wudang Mountain, aTaoist Holy Land listed in the world cultural heritage list and awarded thetitle of 4A tourist area, Danjiangkou reservoir, known as Asias firstartificial lake, Yunxian ape man site, dinosaur egg fossil group and dinosauregg fossils Dinosaur skeleton fossil is a rare dinosaur hometown in the world.There are hot springs, waterfalls, Tianchi, canyons, caves, virgin forests andmodern automobile cities. Shiyan, a place with no severe cold in winter, nointense heat in summer, no strong wind in four seasons, beautiful mountains andpleasant scenery, is a treasure land of geomantic omen.

Shiyan is the source of South to north water diversion. Danjiangkoureservoir, located in Shiyan, is the water source area and water intake of theMiddle Route Project of South to north water diversion. The Middle Route Projectof South-to-North Water Diversion directly supplies water to Beijing, Tianjin,Hebei and Henan provinces, with an annual water diversion of 13 billion cubicmeters. The construction of the middle route of the south to North WaterDiversion Project will make Shiyan the "water capital of the world, Tianchi ofAsia" and bring new development opportunities to Shiyan.

Shiyan is an ecological barrier. Because of the intersection of Qinling andBashan mountains in Shiyan, it forms the geographical boundary of the climatebetween the north and the south of China. Therefore, Shiyan is an ecologicalregulator and the ecological heart of China.

各位亲爱的旅客朋友们：“你们好!我叫赵宸永，是你们这次天坛之旅的导游，大家可以叫我赵导，很高兴能为大家服务”。

天坛位于北京天桥南大街，永定门内东侧。始建于明成祖永乐公元1420xx年，原名：“天地坛”，占地273万平方米，是我国现存最大的祭祀性建筑群。它规模宏伟、富丽堂皇，天坛不仅在中国建筑史上占有重要位置，也是世界建筑艺术的珍贵遗产。天坛以五大奇建筑而闻名中外：一为祈年殿，俗称无梁殿;二为回音壁;三为三音石;四为对话石;五为圆丘坛，即祭天台。

天坛的主要建筑祈年殿，每年皇帝都在这里举行祭天仪式，祈祷风调雨顺、五谷丰登。它是一座三重檐的圆形大殿，高38米，直径3272米，宝顶鎏金，碧蓝琉璃瓦盖顶。 回音壁，是皇穹宇院的四周一道高372米、厚9米、直径615米的贺形围墙。墙身为灰城砖砌成，磨砖对缝，光滑严密。若两人分别站在东西内墙根，一人靠墙向北小声说话，声音就会沿着墙壁传到另一端，好像打电话一样，对方听得一清二楚，由此又名“传音墙”。 圆丘：坊石用“九”这个阳数来表现天象。

同时，它又建筑得特别高大，登上圆丘举目四望，只能望见远处蔚蓝色的天空，四周有白古棂星门矗立着，脚下一片青白色石面，仿佛置身于太虚之中，更增加了“天”的感受。 旅客朋友们，我们这次天坛之旅到这里就要结束了，很希望下次还能和大家见面。

潮州凤凰天池，位于中国 广东 潮州 潮安 凤凰凤凰山顶部，海拔1325米，主峰海拔1391米。天池面积约76亩，总面积1122亩，是由于地壳的凹陷或断层形成的。有传说是天庭西王母娘娘嬉游沐浴之处，古称“浴仙池”。

因池高接天，人迹罕至，且云雾氤氲，风景优美。登上天池，心与高山云雾一起放开，池池已具负盛名，20__年被正式列入“潮州新八景之一”，素有“南国第一天池”美称。

潮州凤凰天池，以其独特的地理位置、人文历史、自然风光等吸引了无数游人前来登山游玩。水如明镜，顷刻万事杂念随风而去，顿觉神清气爽。

天气晴朗时，可见粤东屋脊——凤鸟髻遥遥相对，俯可看韩江、饶平汤溪水库、田野村庄、梯田式茶园尽收眼底;若遇云雾，四周云涌雾动，恍如身在仙境，游赏价值极高。如今，潮州凤凰天池已具负盛名，20__年被正式列入“潮州新八景之一”，素有“南国第一天池”美称。潮州凤凰天池，以其独特的地理位置、人文历史、自然风光等吸引了无数游人前来登山游玩。

尊敬的游客们：

大家好!我是来自卓越旅行团的姜x。大家可以叫我“小润”或“姜导”。我很荣幸能够成为大家的导游。俗话说“居庸之险不在关，而在八达岭”。今天，我就带大家去一睹八达岭长城的真面目。

长城位于北京市，它有一万三千多公里。本来是为了抵御敌人的攻击而建造的，而现在国家的军力很强，所以长城就成了一处景点。你们看，长城很宽，它能容纳5、6匹马并肩同行，一点儿都不挤。它不仅宽阔，几千年下来，也毫发未损，非常的坚固。

请低头仔细看一看我们脚下踩得砖头，游客们，它们平均有两三千斤重。请你们仔细想想，在一个没有起重机的年代，它们是怎么做到的呢?它们靠着无数的人民，靠着一双双手一砖一瓦的砌成的。朋友，您一定会感到震惊，毕竟长城是他们的劳动和智慧的结晶啊!

游客们，抬头看看那巨大的烽火台，它是当年屯兵的堡垒。它们两两之间相距100多米，上面的狼烟是士兵们的专属信号，当时没有手机这种通讯工具，就靠放狼烟来通知其他士兵。

关于修筑长城，民间流传着这样一个故事：孟姜女哭长城。在故事里，一个名叫范喜良的男子与孟姜女幸福地生活在一起，但好景不长，一天，一些官兵抓走了范喜良，说是要让他去修建长城。孟姜女见丈夫迟迟不归，就出去打听他的下落。一个路人告诉着急的孟姜女：“他不幸累死了，被其他人埋在长城下面。”孟姜女难过极了，噙着泪水，一步一步走向长城。她再也忍不住了，嚎啕大哭起来，整整哭了三天三夜，那眼泪把一段长城冲垮了，范喜良的尸骨露了出来。于是，孟姜女背上丈夫的尸骨，回家去了。

关于长城，我大部分已介绍完毕。剩下的时间请大家尽情游玩，3小时后原地集合，感谢大家的支持。

十一放假时，姑姑带我和哥哥去彭园玩，那可好了下面听我跟大家介绍一下。彭园位于徐州市南郊马棚山，占地520亩，原为果园，1976年筹建时称南郊公园。因徐州古称大彭氏国，又有彭祖这位精通导引、善烹饪的长寿长者，故在1984年扩建时易名彭园，以象征徐州的悠久历史和古远的文明。1985年建成开放。

彭园共有五个景区二十二个景点。五个景区，即动物园区、植物园观赏区、景武湖区、游乐区和山林区。22个景点为：东大门、驻春苑、日月石、种德堂、戎安亭、锁云亭、虹桥龙吟石舫、碧峰凝翠水榭、观鼎桥、彭祖石雕、乐复乐茶社、寿彭茶社、寿彭饭庄、小红花火车站、八仙石、大彭阁、水禽湖、山水天全、水上世界、彭祖祠、碑园及最近建成的`中日友谊樱花园。全园建筑面积17527平方米，水面面积17000平方米，是一个自然景观与人文景观兼备，以动物观赏与植物观赏为主要内容，游览与休息相结合的大型综合性公园。

动物园位于彭园南部，占地110亩,有造型迥异、风格不同的动物笼舍20余组，动物75种。珍稀动物有东北虎、丹顶鹤、澳洲黑天鹅、袋鼠、鸸鹋等。

景武湖区占地70亩，除33亩湖面外，有观鼎桥、彭祖、石泉坝、玉钓坝、虹桥、锁云亭、龙吟石舫等景点，其中观鼎桥最负盛名。观鼎桥为双桥，在西大门东侧，桥身长32米，桥面宽13米。桥下有一汉白玉鼎。相传大禹划天下为九州，铸九鼎于国都，传之为国宝。后一鼎没于泗水，秦始皇遣千余人求之未果。而今河清波澄，万民乐业，以斯鼎复出喻祖国蒸蒸日上。

山林区包括马棚山的两个山头，面积150余亩,植物以侧柏为主，杂以黄连木、楝树、火炬树、银杏、黄栌等乡土色叶树种，绿化覆盖率90%以上。景点内松涛起伏,苔藓蔽路，怪石嶙峋，游人可尽情领略森林公园的野趣。今年新建的彭祖祠和修葺一新的大彭阁，为海外彭氏后裔来徐寻根祭祖，提供了场所。

植物观赏区包括驻春苑和樱花园，占地30余亩，有“水上世界”、“疯狂老鼠”、“双人飞天”、“旋转木马”、豪华碰碰车等50余种游乐项目，为苏北地区最大的游乐场。

历史文化名城徐州的南郊风景区，有一处山水相间、绿树掩映、鸟语花香、动物繁衍的综合园林，这就是有着四千多年文化底蕴的彭祖文化集萃地―――彭园。

怎么样，听了我的介绍你一定心动了吧，其实我们徐州还有很多好地方：有能和西湖相提并论的云龙湖，表情丰富的汉兵马俑，狮子山上的楚王陵......这就是我可爱，美丽的家乡徐州。

我们先坐上了游览车，车子沿着长龙一般的盘山公路飞快的行驶着，我透过窗户清楚的看到了外面的风景。高大的华山像一个个勇敢的战士，身上穿着青绿色的伪装服，站在盘山公路旁保护群众的安全。我打开窗户，感到了阵阵的凉风在吹拂我的脸颊，我还听到小溪奏出的乐曲，让我感受到了大自然的亲切。

进入华山，我就感到了一种清闲，路的两边，一边是绿油油的树丛和野草、野花，另一边当然是栏杆和岩石。当我爬到一个平台时，往下望去，只见空中云雾弥漫，仿佛我在登天山一般，身边的云雾好像一伸手就可以摸到。远处的山有的像老人的背，有的像骆驼的驼峰，有的像坚韧的利剑。

我们继续向上爬，上面的景色越变越美，空中的云雾在山中漂浮着，就像我们在云海上空，真想在里面游一圈啊!我身边的一棵树，长的歪歪扭扭的，但是十分茂盛，像一个老爷爷在我旁和我一起欣赏这美丽的景色。云雾在空中跳舞，跳得十分投入，一会儿在空中转一个圈，一会儿翻一个滚，一会儿还在空中劈叉，跳得很高很高。

华山虽然比不过黄山的美，比不过泰山的高，但是那一座山由华山这样的险呢?

各位朋友大家好，请允许我在这里代表旅行社向大家参加本次，两日游的行程表示热烈的欢迎，我先给大家鞠个躬，预祝大家有一个愉快的旅程，首先自我介绍一下，本人是来自旅行社的一名专职导游员，我的名字叫，大家可以叫我小x或者x导都可以，在此由我来负责本次行程的导游工作，我会尽最大努力为大家提供最优质的服务，大家有任何合理的问题都可以提出来，我会尽力为大家解决。

接下来吧，介绍一下在我身后的这位是我们这次行程的司机x师傅，他有这高超的汽车驾驶技术和五年以上的驾龄，由他负责本次行程的交通安全工作，所以大家把两颗心交给我们吧，第一颗是放心，交给我们的张师傅，第二颗是舒心，那就交给我小x好了!

能做为这次行程的全陪导游，我感到万分的荣幸，有服务不周的地方还望大家见谅，虽然我不是一个很优秀的导游，但我一个颗真诚服务的心，谢谢大家!

下面我简单的把这次行程给大家大概的介绍一下…………………………………………

最后呢，让我们以热烈的掌声预祝能有一个愉快的旅程。

各位贵宾、各位朋友：

大家好，欢迎大家来到雷峰塔游览!

让我来说一下雷峰塔复生的过程吧：1920xx年9月25日，经历沧桑的雷峰塔轰然倒塌。1999年杭州市政府决定重建雷峰塔，新塔于20xx年10月25日落成。时隔78年，西湖十景之一“雷峰夕照”重现西子湖畔。

20xx年11月1日，重建后的雷峰塔正式对游人开放。新塔共五层，高61.5米。用钢梁架空，塔底是古塔遗址，中间有现代化的电梯，方便游人游览、观赏。建筑古朴庄严。登高眺望，西湖的美景尽收眼底，同时也请各位朋友注意卫生，保护雷峰塔里的环境!

雷峰塔不仅复生过，而且还有一个小传说呢!

有个叫做许仙的人救了两条蛇，一青一白，后来白蛇便化作女人报恩，嫁给许仙了，青蛇化作跟徒，也跟着。一个和尚，法海禅师，得道的禅师，看见许仙脸上有妖气，——凡讨妖怪作老婆的人，脸上就有妖气的，但只有非凡的人才能看得出——便将他藏在金山寺的法座后，白蛇娘娘来寻夫，于是就“水漫金山”——总而言之，白蛇娘娘终于中了法海禅师的计策，被装在一个小小的盒子里了。盒子埋在地里，上面还造起一座镇压的塔来，这就是雷峰塔。游玩了一天，你们也一定很累吧，你们先回旅馆休息，希望你们开心，心情愉快，也祝你们一路平安!

香港东涌罗汉寺位于大屿山岛东涌附近石门甲村，建于1971年。该寺规模宏大，正殿为大雄宝殿，方三丈六尺，占地130平方米，内有巨型金身大佛像三尊。右殿为明心堂，左侧为客房，楼下功德堂，楼上藏经楼，后还有地藏王殿、五观堂和香积厨。侧面是罗汉洞，供奉十八罗汉。寺内还有天然山泉一口，味道甘美。

罗汉寺山门面对东涌港口，由红黄绿三种颜色所组成。山门额书“罗汉寺”，是当时住持觉光法师亲笔书写。而被誉为联圣的张剑芬老居士就为罗汉寺题了一副对联：“山挹遥青佛国恍如灵鹫影;门临清净天风微度海潮音。”进入山门，由石阶拾级而上，是天然大石一块，上刻“皆大欢喜”四字，两旁各植柏树一株。

罗汉寺目前为女人道场，现任住持演慈法师(比丘尼)，于1993年接任。罗汉寺平日为清修道场，全年法会的举办，包括新春祈福、供天及观音诞等数次。每逢周日在寺内举办念佛会及“佛法与生活自由谈”等-活动，参加人数达数十人。

建庙起源

寺内有李了因老居士对关：“岩尊罗汉岳峙双峰楼阁起华严佛日照临开福地;寺会善人塔成功德林泉修净业祥云垂护众龙天。”短短四十字，就道尽寺景、寺史、寺宗旨、寺因缘。罗汉寺的前身，原是一个岩洞。粤西的畅缘和尚，于1926年来港，就在这岩洞潜修，命名为“罗汉岩”。躬耕力田，作头陀苦行。20世纪60年代中，李耀庭居士、潘智开居士、周旭初居士、谢均如居士相约结伴到此，见此处群峰拱卫，地势雄伟。泉甘木茂，深幽清净，甚宜修学办道;于是发愿在此创建-道场。后来征得畅缘和尚同意，筹组罗汉寺董事会，购地辟山，至1974年全部竣工。礼请觉光法师出任住持。

相关景点

大雄宝殿

高三丈六尺，占地130平方英尺，巍峨壮观，远在对面的青山山腰、屯门，都会望到宝殿金碧辉煌的雄姿，屹立在凤凰山的半空中。殿内灯、花、幢、幡，罗列壮严。大雄宝殿的一对石狮，恬静而严肃的盘卧著，神圣而如意地守护这庄严的圣地。

大殿中央，供奉释迦、弥陀、药师三如来巨型金身大佛像，左右各悬钟鼓;佛像后是观音像。左侧供奉著韦陀菩萨，戎装英姿，手擎宝杵，是以一套中国式的盔甲装扮，显得神态威武。大殿右侧供奉伽蓝菩萨，单凤眼，卧蚕眉，五绺长须，挟提青龙刀，威风凛凛。大雄宝殿的右侧是明心堂，有李耀庭居士遗像;殿的左边是客堂;楼上是藏经楼，楼下是功德堂。客堂再过上方有一建筑物，为地藏王殿，内放置灵龛，李氏的骨灰正中。这位发心建寺人受到很大的尊重。大雄宝殿之下为五观堂和香积厨，是可容四十桌齐筵的大齐堂。

各位游客，大家好，我是你们本次旅程的导游，本人姓朱，可以叫我朱导。

我们现在乘着游艇在天马河上，向“鸟的天堂”使去。大家抬头看，呈现在你们眼前的，是一片翠绿而茂盛茂咪的榕树林，像不像浮在水面的一片绿洲呢!你们中有人也许知道，他只是一棵树，它粗壮的树干上，无数树枝向着四面八方伸展，枝上又生根，所以成了“独木成林”的奇观。

大家可以看看它的叶子，苍翠欲滴，翠绿欲流，绿的那么耀眼，似乎每一片叶子绿叶上都有新的生命在颤动，显得勃勃生机。好像要把它的生命力展示给我们看。现在我们来到它的浓荫下，呀，它长得好密呀，真是遮天蔽日啊!

大家竖起耳朵听，听到了什么?对了，是鸟儿那清脆的鸣叫声，你们看，它们有的在梳洗羽毛，有的在追逐嬉戏，万鸟盘旋飞舞，展翅高飞，这儿最有名的是白鹤和灰麻鹤，白鹤是日出夕归，而灰麻鹤恰恰相反，是夕出日归，清晨或傍晚，万鸟交替出归，到时，看见了这只，错过了那只;看见了这只，另一只又飞起来了。你们绝对应接不暇哦!

现在，让我们踏上小岛，感受它的勃勃生机吧!

Originally the peony is Chinas famous traditional flowers, wild plants, and thorns, mainly from the qinghai-tibet plateau in China, the Yellow River basin, bashan qinling of zhongtiao mountains, shanxi, henan, funiu and MangShan and other regions, the original peony community can be traced back to 3000 years ago.

In luoyang peony cultivation, according to historical records: began in sui and sheng in the tang dynasty. "Name of guilin" in northern song dynasty period "SuiZhi · plain question" in a "qingming festival times 5, peony China". Since sui, peony on the basis of folk culture, begin to enter the royal garden, become a pet palace. In 604 AD, emperor yangdi capital luoyang company, monarch xiyuan weeks in 200, a variety of royal peony peony became the first in the history of Chinese. When tang and song dynasty, luoyang has been in the capital, capital position, cultivation, ornamental peony FengRi sheng. The tang dynasty poet bai juyis "flower bloom 20, if people are crazy" of a city is true portraiture of the situation at that time. Royal today, temples garden, private garden, with the song dynasty neo-confucianism shao yung has written "festival only two world, the world famous heavy luoyang" of a sentence, can want to at that time, the luoyang garden house, the flower of the spectacular. Each to bloom "emperor city spring sunset, cry cry chariots and horses, a total of the peony, hand to buy flowers." Become a beautiful landscape city of luoyang. Poet liu yuxi "but the peony true national color, the blossoms to move the capital" and the song dynasty scholar sima guang "luoyang spring the most prosperous, red and green among 10 m, who is the flower, like the splendid, people will be splendid study group spent." All paint luoyang people eat during tang and song dynasties frenzy.

All is Chinas famous hundreds of flowers, long, enlisted qunfang, but only the peony high grade. It flowers gigantic, wide variety, the myriad of feminine beauty, crown recalled. Concept of "ancient and modern florilegium, more than 360 kinds of beauties, none but with peony comparison. Therefore, known as" the king of flowers ". And the luoyang is located in the central plains, mild climate, rainfall is moderate, suitable for the growth of peony. The song dynasty writer ouyang xiu in luoyang high rank, he enjoyed the luoyang places of interest, have a special liking to the luoyang peony, author of "luoyang peony". His "luoyang ley spent the most appropriate, particularly heaven" peony verse says the luoyang peony growing advantageous natural conditions.

It is said that long time ago, wild peony on MangShan people not expensive, often cut the wood, a young very pity, transplanting it hospital, elaborate care. In a handkerchief, embroidered peony flowers. The young man wondered, was about to ask girls suddenly disappeared. XiuPa, but see a top have a poem: "name of luoyang, Mang range for my home. Are you feeling heavy, spring to see the wonderful work." In the second year spring, the youth was certainly rich gorgeous peony trapped in the home, graceful, from then on he would make a living by planting peony, family became more and more abundant. Point of view, the legendary the epigenetic the luoyang is the earliest "peony growing expert".

Since the tang dynasty, thousands of years, made a number of cultivation of luoyang peony skillful craftsman. Liuzhou, record the recorded: "song single parent, word ZhongRu, poetry, good plant. All peony one thousand kinds, red and white color, people do not know its operation,d called to mount li (li) plant ten thousand copies, individual color, give daughter, imperial secretary call division for flowers." All previous dynasties scholars intone the luoyang peony flow spit relapsed, KuangDai unique appearance of verse. Tang wang also really write the luoyang peony, "peony enchanting disorderly, a country such as crazy do." Great poet bai juyi wrote in a poem "flowers", "ten households in a clump of dark flower, fu", "fan of every acquisition for customs, all in one", the poem says the luoyang peonys precious and peoples love of the peony. It is said that tang tai years, spring, on the day of li han Leon, the temple to watch the peony, asked the painter Cheng Xiu f: "sung today Beijing city peony poems, who headed?" Cheng answer: "in the book scheeren lee cloud: freed national color to the wine, day sweet night dyed garments." Leon listen to praise, he said the luoyang peony "amusement", so the peony has the reputation of "amusement".

Thousands of years, luoyang peony beautiful, various, gorgeous and charming. Ouyang xius "guest said recent years old take specific, often conjure up a hydraulic-powered tree-trimmers" speaks the truth. In the history of sheng peony varieties of up to 119 a. Now has more than 500 varieties, in a nutshell, can be divided into three, nine, ten. Three categories, namely, single head, start and mixed type. This is according to the classification in the number of flowers, flower for single headdress flower, flower for double flowers, three for three peony flowers. Nine color is red, pink, purple, blue, yellow, white, green design and color, such as this are classified according to the color of the peony. Ten type mainly based on what the luoyang peony petals, size, flower arrangement and the morphological characteristics of classification. In the 19th century, British scholar evolution Darwin in his masterpiece "on the origin of species" quoted ecological variation of luoyang peony, as proof of his theory of "evolution". The song dynasty, luoyang yao yao peoples yellow and developing the erros of prime minister Wei Renbo home Wei Zi known as kao, flower after respectively. "Yao yellow one, and the brilliant breath is like cutting". Candidates.if your years, luoyang has pressed the song god yao yellow flower, flower large feet 2 inches, he excited, regardless of the reigns of his identity, and placed it over his head, visible, the emperors obsession in the peony, and from then on famously.

Since the tang and song dynasty, many bookman at a magnificently for peony poem writing, form a plethora of peony culture, and deduces many myths and legends about peony, soft smell things.

Legend, lunar month two years should, xiking changan heavy snow, wu zetian drinking poetry, on an impulse drunk pen write fen book: "swim Ming dynasty garden, rushing harbinger, stamen overnight, mo monring winds to blow." Flowers not this life, open overnight, peony not violations in season alone, shut the core. Wu zetian rage, peony fall out of changan, sent in luoyang, and to the stake. Peony has been the rule, the body such as coke; But branch do not come loose, standing still in the freezing cold, next year when the spring breeze blow, more brilliant flowers, known as "focal bone peony".

Another legend of peony, it is tang clear huang lung-chi lee kai jade bracelet ChenXiangTing vigil changan palace, the "harem of three thousand people, three thousand pet in a" your princess, hearing the luoyang peony has been in full bloom, and the wood in the JinYuan peony is at the end of the bud, then make the imperial secretary drum rush, flowers are still does not open, she was in a rage, will all fall to luoyang peony. Luoyang peony in Tokyo, in a flash, bright flowers branches, blooming together. In fact, with scientific attitude, xi an and luoyang on the same latitude line, but the temperature and humidity are slightly lower than luoyang, luoyang, west across the mountains, and in the MangShan Yang, the chang an early spring. Therefore, generation by Li Baiyou "qingping tune" word "taken two phase huan pour countries, often have the Kings grinned see, explain the infinite hate, dongfeng ChenXiangTing north lean on a railing" flea in jade bracelet, is the imperial concubine bear a grudge, derogatory generation by hyperbole, lifelong grief may not be the volunteers.

These legends show peony jubilant, unwavering in style, it is also the clank iron character of the Chinese nation and integrity.

Since luoyang peony enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad, to buy an endless stream, sui and tang dynasties frequent exchanges between China and Japan, luoyang peony spread to Japan, the Japanese peoples distribution of wealth. Neighbor north Korea, South Korea is also widely cultivated in China, then, the americas, Europe, many countries have successively introduced, called the luoyang peony flower "China" or "flower days god". Soldiers in song dynasty, the central plains, luoyang today, peony cultivation, breeding and subsequently fails, moved to the southern city of hangzhou. Jing and bright state, tsaochow people since the law transplant peony, become the new peony resort. Sichuan day peng are luoyang peony famous plant, jiangsu yancheng, since then, luoyang peony throughout China. After the founding of new China, due to the experienced the vicissitudes of life, luoyang peony only more than 30 varieties. In the autumn of 1959, prime minister Zhou Si to luoyang tractor factory, and specifically about the situation of the luoyang peony. Premier zhous concern caused the luoyang city government attaches great importance to, quickly return to expand acreage, one after another in the city park, the peony park; Xiyuan, can garden, open up the peony viewing area, and the new mail mountain national color peony, los pu park formed ten kilometers peony promenade, and built one thousand mu of peony gene pool; The peony as the city flower of luoyang NPC standing committee and was started in 1983 the annual peony show. From then on, the peony everywhere, every family, every day, to more than 500 peony varieties development. Yellow flowers every year, yao, Wei Zi, tsing lung lie the inkwell, drunken beauty peony famous brand, such as the charming attitude, see the flower heads, such as chi, like drunk, like a dream, like magic. Luoyang city park has set a record of every nearly 300000 people a day. Flower stage, residents rushed to view the city, town. Is: "watching flowers peony, everything all forget since I dont know."

With the peony show set each other off becomes an interest is luoyang peony Lantern Festival. Luoyang colored, gu sui, tang, more than 1000 years, has become a big people festival festival custom. In recent years, luoyang lanterns excellent reputation, become one of the three big Lantern Festival in China. Day to watch the peony night view of light, the annual peony show to a climax. Peony Lantern Festival every year, thousands of dye flow xia tao drunk all over the sky stars, wanjiadenghuo shook silent night sky. Such as lights, such as poetry. Painting colorful, make you dont know is oneself or human fairyland. More it is worth mentioning, winter 1994, national campaign "national flower" leadership team through the press candidates spent solution is: a country - the peony flower. At this point, an early nine dynasties rong snow clothe with silver, and luoyang refractory research institute a peony flower bed is a proud timely snow in full bloom, people sell, all without exception. Xinhua news agency and other dozens of news media scramble to report, exclaim, "national flower spread good news, the peony should know the snow laugh" wonders in one hundred.

In recent years, luoyang peony not only out of the country, but also sold to Japan, the United States, France, Singapore and other countries and Hong Kong, Macao and Chinese Taiwan regions, the end of the peony "can see cant buy" history. Peony have also made a series of scientific research achievements, the technology has the new breakthrough, basically achieved the "flowers bloom as well, spring to autumn to irrelevant", which laid a foundation for further development of luoyang peony.

Poets in lee ge fei has: "the world of governing revolution, hou to rise and fall of luoyang, rise and fall of luoyang, hou xing in garden waste." Temporal change, things change, all without exception shows people with a philosophy: goodsky flower glory. Today, our country is coruscate gives new vitality, the peony like rosy clouds in the east, adorn the expeditions of the earth. Peony, this eternal soul, telling us hard to think of the Chinese nation as an epic. Luoyang, luoyang peony to dress for the peony. The peony and the ancient capital of blame. Song times flowers, flower pregnant vitality; Luoyang peony is out of the country, go to the world of tie and bridge, peony, is the ancient capital of aesthetic badge, it will accompany the onward march of luoyang, towards a new brilliance.

海是黑的，山是黑的，夜晚的天也是黑的，可香港却无比璀璨。对面的香港成了“万颗星点”的聚合。

山上有灯，街上有灯，建筑物上有灯。每一盏灯就像一颗明亮的星。在我的眼里它们比星星还要明亮，它们密密麻麻地排列着，像是一座长满星星的山，放射出万丈光芒的星山。

夜是安静的，柔和的，从对面我听不见一点点的声音。香港似乎闭上了它的大口。但是，当我注意到那座有着万丈光芒的星山的时候，我仿佛又听见了无数的灯光在悄悄地私语。我看见它们时明时暗，就像人在眨眼，或者像他们在嬉戏追逐说话。我的视觉和听觉混合在一起了，我仿佛在用眼睛去倾听这座城市。后来我才发现这座星星的山并不是沉默的，在哪里正在演奏着出色的交响乐曲。我差不多到了忘我的境界……

一阵风吹来，我有一点凉意。我只好从阳台里出来，回到客厅。客厅里，大家正坐在一起饮酒交谈，人声嘈杂，是一个完全不同的世界。当我把脚踏进客厅时，不禁疑惑的问自己：我先前看到的难道只是一个幻想吗?

人们常说:不到故宫、长城就等于没去过北京;不到外滩船游浦江、登东方明珠或金茂大厦就等于没去过上海;不长到西湖、宋城就不知杭州的千年风情;那么不到中山陵你就等于白来了一趟南京。大家都是大老远出来旅游的，有的以前也许来过，有的以后可能再来，还有的可能旅游完这一趟以后就不会再来了，所以期望大家能多看一看其中的经典精华少留一些遗憾。

说起中山陵，当然要提到它的主人——伟大的中国民主革命先行者孙中山先生。孙先生本名孙文，字逸仙。因为他在日本从事革命活动时曾用过“中山樵”的化名，所以他在国内被尊称为孙中山先生。孙中山1866年11月12日出生于广东香山县(今中山市)翠亨村的一个农民家庭。他先后求学于檀香山、香港等地，毕业后在广州、澳门等地行医。之后他弃医从政，并于1905年在日本组织中国同盟会，被推举为总理，提出了“驱除按虏，恢复中华，建立民国，平均地权”的著名纲领，及三民主义学说。1911年10月10日武昌起义爆发后，孙先生被十七省代表推举为中华民国临时大总统，并于次年元旦在南京宣誓就职。此后，经历了“袁世凯窃国”“二次革命”“护国运动”“护法运动”等风风雨雨，1921年他在广州就任中华民国十分大总统。在1924年1月广州召开的中国国民政府第一次全国代表大会上，他将旧三民主义发展为新三民主义，提出了“联俄”“联共”“扶助农工”的三大政策。同年11月他应冯玉祥之邀抱病北上讨论国家大计，终因积劳成疾，于1925年3月12日在北京逝世。

中山陵的墓址是孙先生生前选定的。你们也许会问;孙先生出生于广东，逝世在北京，毕生为革命奔波于各地，为什么要选择南京作为自我的长眠之地呢据说，早在1912年孙先生就任临时大总统时，灵谷寺的住持和尚就曾向他推荐过这块“前临平川，后拥青嶂”的风水宝地。当年3月31日，中山先生为求南北和平统一，毅然辞去总统之职。4月初的一天，他与胡汉民等人到明孝陵一带打猎，来到现陵墓所在地休息。孙先生环顾四周，对左右说，我将来死后，想向国民求得这块土地以安葬。当然，紫金山的气势风水还不是孙先生作此决定的根本原因。孙先生临终前嘱咐：“吾死之后，可葬于南京紫金山麓，因南京为临时政府成立之地，所以不忘辛亥革命也。”所以，尽管孙先生在南京停留时间并不长，但南京对于孙先生是具有特殊意义的。他选择南京紫金山为墓址，从根本上说，是为了纪念辛亥革命，激励革命同仁。

中山陵是由年轻建筑师吕彦直设计的钟形图案。于1926年3月12日孙先生逝世一周年之际，举行了奠基典礼。历时3年多，耗资150万银元，中山陵最终在1929年春竣工。令人惋惜的是，建筑师吕彦直在主持建陵过程中，呕心沥血，鞠躬尽瘁，不幸与孙先生一样身患肝癌，在工程临近尾声时病逝，年仅35岁。1929年6月1日举行奉安大典，孙先生的遗体从北京运到南京。从此60余年，孙先生一向长眠在那里。中山陵的建造能够说是南京城建设史上的一件大事。当年为了迎接孙先生灵枢，南京修筑了第一条柏油马路——西起中山码头，东至中山门，长达24里的中山路。直到今日，中山路依然是南京最主要的交通干道之一。同时改造翻修了明代城门朝阳门，并改名为中山门。在中山门到中山陵之间还修筑了一条陵园路。

大家此刻所在的即是中山陵前的半月形广场。请朝南看，广场正南是一座八角形石台。台上那尊双耳三足的紫铜宝鼎，重5000公斤，高4.25米，腹径1.23米，是中山陵纪念性装饰之一。此鼎铸于1933年秋，由广州中山大学全体师生和戴季陶捐赠。鼎一面铸有“智、仁、勇”三个字，是中山大学校训。鼎内竖有一块六角形铜牌，上刻戴母手书《孝经》全文。由广场踏阶而上，迎面是一座四楹三阙门的冲天式石牌坊。这座牌坊建于1931~1933，高12米，宽17.3米。建坊用的都是大块福建花岗岩，但采用的却是中国传统木结构形式。大家抬头能够望见坊额正中金光闪闪的“博爱”两字。这两个字是孙先生的手迹，原出自唐韩愈《原道》“博爱之为仁”一语。据说孙先生生前最爱题这两字送人。孙先生毕生以伟大的博爱精神致力于资产阶级民主革命，为民族的独立自由奋斗不息，能够说“博爱”二字正是对他一生的高度概括和最好写照。

由博爱坊向前走，是一段长480米，宽数十米的墓道。中山陵的整体设计，突出中国的传统风格，庄严肃穆，独具特色。为了体现孙先生的崇高伟大，中山陵沿用了古代依山为陵的惯例，将墓室筑于海拔约160米的全陵最高处。此外，整个陵区的建筑植被讲求中轴对称，更给人以法度庄严之感。请大家向前看，朝北顺坡而上，依次有陵门、碑亭、祭堂和祭堂后的墓室等建筑。而墓道两边的这些雪松、桧柏、银杏、红枫两两相对，代替了古代惯用的石人石兽，象征着孙先生的革命精神和高尚品质。雪松是世界四大观赏树种大一，现已成为南京市的市树。

墓道尽头是平台。根据吕彦直的设计，整个陵墓平面为“木铎”形。铎，就是平常我们说的大铃挡。在古代它是用来宣布政教法令和战争令的。铎的声音宏亮，并且传得很远，有“使天下皆达道”的喻义。陵墓选用这样一个图式，让人不禁想起孙先生“革命尚未成功，同志仍需努力”的名言，其用意也正在警示后人。那里的平台广场就是当年吕彦直设计的”自由之钟”的下缘。这座宏伟的三拱门，是陵区的正式开端。它高16米，宽27米，进深8.8米，也是用福建花岗岩筑成的。中门横额上是孙中山手书“天下为公”，出自《礼记.礼运》中的“大道之行也，天下为公”，意思是说国家政权不是哪一家的天下，而是天下人的天下，老百姓的天下。这是孙先生毕生奋斗的梦想，也是他所倡导的三民主义的极好注解。

过了陵门便是碑亭。亭正中这块9米高的巨碑上，刻有国民政府元老谭延闿手书的“中国国民政府葬总理孙先生于此中华民国十八年六月一日”24个馏金颜体大字。当初讨论立碑时，计划由汪精卫、胡汉民等人分别撰写铭文、墓志铭等。可花了两年时间也没写出来。大家都认为先生的思想功绩是文字所无法概括的、于是索性不写铭文，改用此刻的形式。出碑亭，迎面石阶层层叠叠。南京人常说中山陵的台阶像是卢沟桥的石狮子——数不清。所以来这儿游览的客人常常要问：中山陵究竟有多少级台阶呢各位朋友，大家不妨也来数数看吧。

来到临近顶端的平台，能够看见一对大铜鼎，上刻“奉安大典”字样，是当时上海政府捐赠的。大家仔细看，会发此刻左边那个鼎下头有两个洞。为什么会这样呢原先这是1937年末日军攻占南京时向中山陵炮击造成的，这两个洞就是当时留下的弹洞。如今虽时过境迁，但这两个弹洞仍时时提醒我们莫忘国耻。距此不远的前方还有一对仿古青铜鼎，那是由孙先生的儿子孙科一家敬赠的。

大家登上顶台，由此既可鸟瞰，更宜远眺。置身此间，背倚巍巍钟山，耳听阵阵松涛，更觉伟人的浩然正气与大自然同存。祭堂处在钟山半山腰，从博爱坊到祭堂总共有392级台阶，高差约70米，平面距离700米。如从碑亭数起则有290级台阶。建筑师为避单调，将这392级台阶分作10段，每段1个平台，总计有大小10个平台。更妙的是，从下向上看时一望到顶，石阶连绵不断，不见平台;而各位此刻朝下看时，却反而不见台阶，只见平台了。这392级的数字并非巧合，而是暗喻了当时全中国三亿九千二百万同胞。一路登行，“高山仰止，景行行止”，对中山先生敬仰之情不禁油然而生。

此刻大家应对的就是祭堂和墓室，这是陵墓的主体部分。当年吕彦直督建至此，就因身患绝症而逝，常令后人发出“出师未捷身先死”之叹。祭堂是仿木结构宫殿式建筑，长30米，阔25米，高29米，四周有堡垒式的小建筑物，并有两座高12.6米的华表拱卫。祭堂屋顶为重檐九脊，上覆蓝色琉璃瓦，外墙全用香港花岗岩砌成。祭堂门额上有“民族”“民生”“民权”阳文篆字，这是孙先生从事革命活动最基本最概括的指导思想。居中的“民生”门相上端，又有孙中山手书的“天地正气”四字直额。

请各位跟我进入祭堂。祭堂内部以云南产白黑色大理石铺地。堂内有直径0.8米的黑色石柱12根，四周墙壁下嵌黑色大理石。大家能够看见东西两壁上所刻的孙中山手书《建国大纲》全文。整个祭堂以黑白蓝色为基调，均为中国传统孝色。而镶嵌彩色玻璃的内窗，在阳光照射下却显出另一番西洋风味。如此中西合壁的风格，正与孙先生融贯中西的精神气度相契合。祭堂正中是孙中山着长袍马褂的石刻全身坐像。像高4.6米，底座阔2.1米。这座雕像是当时世界著名的法籍波兰雕刻家保罗.阿林斯基受孙中山葬事委员会之托，用意大利白石雕刻而成，并于1930年从巴黎运至中山陵的，全部造价150万法郎。坐像下四面的6幅浮雕是截取了孙先生从事革命活动的6个片断。它们分别是“如抱赤子”“出国宣传”“商讨革命”“国会授印”“振聋发聩”和“讨袁护国”。

经过祭堂来到墓室。墓门分两道，第一道是两扇美国产的紫铜保险门，门上的门钉和铜环上的神兽(椒图)极富中国传统特色。门楣上刻“浩气长存”横额，取孙中山为黄花岗烈士墓所书手迹。第二道门为独扇铜门，上刻张静江所写“孙中山先生之墓”七个篆字。

墓室是半球形封闭建筑，顶呈西式穹隆状，以马赛克镶成国民政府党徽图案。室内圆形，铺以大理石，直径约18米，高11米，四壁以淡红色大理石贴面。正中的圆形大理石圹，直径4.33米，深1.7米，四周围是1米高的白色大理石栏杆。圹内墓穴上安放着孙先生穿中山装的大理石卧像，这是捷克雕塑家高琪按孙先生的遗体形象所作。孙先生的紫铜棺就安放在卧像下5米左右处。为什么祭堂内的坐像身着长袍马褂，而那里却改穿中山装了呢原先当年国民政府内左右两派矛盾尖锐，以蒋司令为首的右派主张塑像穿长袍马褂;而左派则主张穿中山装。两派意见不合，结果各搞各的，就出现了上述情景。各位朋友，孙先生的遗体究竟是否还在中山陵，这是每一位来那里的游客最关心的问题。事实上，自孙先生逝世后，他的遗体的确是历经磨难。1925年3月12日孙先生逝世时，他的遗体经过防腐处理，暂时被安置在北京香山碧云寺。1926年，被北伐军打败逃到北京的军阀张宗昌，把失败的原因归咎为孙先生的遗体压住了他的风水。于是他打算要焚化遗体。后经爱国将领张学良派兵保护，遗体才得以保存，但已受到空气侵蚀。1929年5月28日灵柩由津浦铁路从北京运抵浦口，6月1日运达中山陵。奉安大典仪式完毕后，即用水泥将灵柩浇入圹中。墓穴用花岗岩垫底，

四周建隔墙，紫铜棺下有一特制楠木垫，棺上有一层密封着的水晶透明板。当年公祭时，站在石圹边，扶栏即可瞻仰中山先生遗容。抗战爆发后，国民政府政府曾准备将遗体运往重庆;解放战争后期，蒋司令又曾想将遗体迁往中国台湾，但由于爆破墓穴势必会损坏遗体，因而受到工程界爱国人士和国民政府左派的极力劝阻，最终使遗体得以安然保存至今。

沿祭堂外广场两侧后壁有一道门，通向墓堡公园。中为墓室宝顶，呈覆钟形。墓堡后墙设有“中山陵建设史料展”，近200幅珍贵历史资料展现了中山陵的建设和中山先生的遗体奉安全过程。

除了陵墓主体建筑外，中山陵周围还有一些纪念性建筑设施。包括藏经楼、音乐台、光化亭、行健亭、仰止亭、流徽榭等等。它们大多是1929年奉安大典后，各界人士和海外侨胞友人捐款修建而成。另外，位于梅花山顶的博爱阁，是一位台湾同胞捐资兴建的，于1993年11月12日孙先生诞辰127周年时落成。

孙中山先生的一生都在为革命事业奉献着。解放后，中山陵受到国家高度重视，1961年被国务院公布为国家级文物保护单位。如今，作为“中国旅游胜地四十佳”之一的中山陵每年接待着来自世界各地的无数炎黄子孙与国际友人。人们怀着对中山先生伟大精神的崇敬与景仰来到那里凭吊拜谒。在两岸统一成为大势所趋、人心所向的今日，应对目前海峡两岸的现状，海内外炎黄子孙都衷心期盼着祖国统一、繁荣昌盛的那一天早日到来。彼时彼刻，倘若孙中山先生泉下有知，必会含笑长眠的。

多谢大家!

各位游客：

大家好!欢迎来到明珠幼儿园参观游览。我是今天的小导游，我叫阮可可。今天就由我来给大家讲解。如果大家遇到什么困难，祝你们玩的快快乐乐。

我们景成幼儿园坐落于华丰社区，幼儿园始于1999年8月2日，幼儿园共有20个教学班，有400多名小朋友。占地面积大约是：3000平方米，绿化面积占地大约是780平方米。我们幼儿园有一个象花园似的的操场。还有一幢高大的。有现代感的教学楼。幼儿园在整个华丰是首屈一指。

走进大门，首先映入眼帘的是一副巨大的抽象画，它大得占了整面墙，没有人能看得懂这幅画上的东西，但是上面最漂亮的是他的颜色：浪漫的紫色。淡雅的粉红色。神秘的黑色。

现在请大家跟我继续往右走，这里就是我们的花园。

地上都是五颜六色。光滑的鹅软石，在花园的有侧是一棵高大的银杏树，它已经有50年的历史了，它一直生长在这里，它向小扇子一样的，还有它那高大挺拔的躯干，都让人感觉了生命的神秘!

银杏树的后面长着一棵壮硕的芭蕉，从它巨大的。随风飘动的，可以看出它也是一个树老人了。芭蕉看的时候火红火红的，非常的绚烂。周围那些高大的有着小叶子的都是桂花树。当八月来临，有一些小小的。淡淡的小桂花铺满了一树浓郁的香味，能飘出很远很远!

请大家跟我继续往前走，这里是学校的长廊，顶上爬满了葡萄滕 。长廊两侧的大柱子，都用极其丰富画上了许多的鱼，这里也是同学们乘凉的场所。

走出长廊，大家看到的就是儿童乐园。乐园里有许多滑稽的滑梯，上面有三株大荷花在滑梯上。还有向大螃蟹的滑梯。

欢迎你们来欣赏我们的校园!下次光临!

青岛栈桥导游词2篇

青岛栈桥是青岛海滨风景区的景点之一，是国务院1982年首批公布的国家级风景名胜区，也是首批4A级国家旅游区。下文是青岛栈桥的导游词范文，欢迎借鉴!

青岛栈桥导游词(一)

各位游客大家好，欢迎您来青岛观光旅游!

青岛是美丽的海滨城市，是理想的度假胜地。这里山清水秀、风景如画、天蓝海碧、绿草如茵，其海滨风光更是别具一格。下面我们要参观的就是青岛的象征--栈桥。不知道大家有没有注意过驰名中外的青岛啤酒商标，它上面的图案便是栈桥。青岛人以青岛啤酒为骄傲，他们同样也以栈桥为荣。栈桥西南面是新建的中苑广场，东面是与栈桥隔海相望的小青岛，北边是繁华的中山路，他的南面就是一望无际的大海了。栈桥就好像一条长虹，飞旋与这碧波荡漾的青岛湾中。我们漫步在栈桥之上，就如同置身于大海之中，可以充分感受到海的气息和他的宽广伟大。涨潮时，海浪拍打着桥身，使人联想到正乘坐着轮船在海中航行……

我们现在看到的便是栈桥了。它位于青岛湾中，目前全长440米，宽8米， 与市区繁华的中山路成一条直线，由海岸前伸入海。从远处看，它像一条长虹横卧在大海之上。

30年代，栈桥曾被誉为青岛十景之首，青岛市乡二十四景之一，不少文人墨客为之留下诗赋和赞誉，国内外的重要宾客、要员、知名人士在青岛观光时，都要登临栈桥，欣赏海滨风光。2019年包括栈桥在内的海滨风景区，被国家旅游局评为首批AAAA级风景区。

关于栈桥的解释是："凡是伸到海里的简易码头都称为栈桥。"那它为什么又会成为青岛的标志呢?青岛在100多年前是一个小渔村，1891年清政府下诏书在青岛建置。1892年清政府派登州总兵章高元带兵驻扎青岛，为便于部队军需物资的运输， 建了两座码头，一座就是现今的栈桥。该码头原称谓很多，有海军栈桥、前海栈桥、 南海栈桥、李鸿章栈桥、大码头等，长200米，宽10米。另一座位于总兵衙门前方的"衙门桥"长100米，宽6米，亦称"蜗牛桥"。这两座码头都是中国工程师自己设计的， 也是青岛港最早的码头建设。

1897年，德军以演习为名，从青岛湾登陆，武力占领青岛，栈桥成为德军侵占青岛的见证。

德帝国主义侵占青岛后，将原桥北端改为石基，水泥铺面，南端下立，钢制桥架上面铺有木板，并设轻便铁轨，南端仍是铁木桥，桥身延长到350米，仍为军用码头。192019年大港第一码头建成后，栈桥逐渐失去它作为码头的历史使命，开始向游人开放。1922年青岛被中国收回，1931年国民政府出巨资由德国信利洋行承包重建，桥身加长到440米，桥南端增建了半圆型的防浪堤， 并在防浪堤上修建了具有民族形式的二层八角凉亭，亭子由彩色琉璃瓦覆盖，24根红漆柱子支撑，取名"回澜阁"。整个工程至1933年4月竣工。 栈桥从此成为青岛第一景。

建国后，政府多次拨款对栈桥进行维修， 1985年青岛市又对栈桥进行了大规模的全面整修，两侧围以铁索护栏，12对欧式桥灯相峙而立，外铺砌花岗岩石台阶。1998年底至1999年6月市政府再次拨款对栈桥进行了大规模整修，此次维修既达到防风浪、防腐蚀要求，保持原有的风韵，又与两侧护岸设施相匹配，增加了美观效果，使整个桥体焕发了青春。

大家前面走，看前面这座由中国民族风的双层阁楼叫回澜阁。阁顶覆盖着黄色琉璃瓦，周围的亭柱共24根。阁内是双层圆形的厅堂，各中心有螺旋形楼梯。回澜阁与这碧波绿水相互辉映，非常的雄伟壮丽。6秒//早在30年代，飞阁回澜这一景观就被列在了青岛市十大景观之首。

大家看，每个窗都有一框，每个框都可以看到不同的景色，景象画一样嵌在窗中，这就是所谓的“一窗一框，一景一画”。

栈桥是青岛历史的见证，有着一百多年的历史。她身上即刻录了青岛的屈辱岁月，也记录了解放后青岛市的建设与发展。我们现在站在栈桥桥头，沿着这条通往海中的路往前走，如同置身于大海之中，能充分感受到海的气息，体验到海的宽广伟大。碧波拍打着桥面，白云在头上飘过，海鸥在天空中飞翔，游船在海中穿梭，大家在行进中可以看到岸边的红瓦、绿树如同一幅美丽的画卷逐渐展现在我们面前。我们可以充分领略到康有为先生所描写的："碧海蓝天，红瓦绿树"。

前面我们看到的这个沙滩是栈桥海水浴场，它是市区浴场中最小的一个。它与繁华的中山路相邻而且周围环境十分优美，有很多人到此游泳。

看前方的高大建筑，我们首先看到的那座玻璃幕墙楼是山东省国际贸易大厦，它共有39层，地下3层，地上36层，高是118.5米，是90年代齐鲁第一高楼。接下来我们看到的那座高大建筑是青岛的海关大楼，共26层，地上24层，地下2层，139.9米高，是中国北方的三大海关之一，自1997年开始连续五年监管的进出口货运量名列全国第一。

海关大楼前面那座造型奇特的建筑是海上皇宫，海上皇宫是一座集游览、娱乐、演出、餐饮于一体的旅游场所。整座建筑是由几个四分之一的圆体组成的，共6层，地下一层，地上5层，整体用108根柱子支撑，建筑面积1.1万平方米。它以一流的环境，五星级的服务，被列为青岛餐饮特一级就店。

回澜阁对面那座小岛是小青岛，小青岛上因为植被茂盛，郁郁葱葱，看上去一片翠绿因此而得名。大家看它的形状像不像一把琴?水像他的琴弦，风起时，波浪会响起铮铮琴声，所以小青岛又叫琴岛。岛上的那座锥形灯塔是船只进出胶州湾的航标。塔内有水晶棱造的反光镜，可以为进出港口的船只导航。

在小青岛南面还有一座岛，那就是"薛家岛"。它的面积为27平方公里，海岸线长达38公里，并有青岛最长的一个沙滩-"金沙滩"。

大家看到与小青岛仅一水之隔停泊着许多军舰的是中国海军博物馆，它是我国目前规模最大的一处反映中国人民海军面貌的综合性博物馆。现每年接待游客达几十万人之多。

接下来请大家看一下北面那两座高高耸立的塔楼，那就是天主教堂。它高56米，上面的两个十字架分别为4.5米，是青岛地区最大的哥特式建筑，它也是对外开放的一个宗教景点。

与栈桥北端相接的是青岛最繁华的商业街"中山路"。中山路全长1300多米，63座建筑，160多家商场，同时它还是国家确定的全国100个文明示范点之一。

在栈桥的东侧，是泛海名人大酒店。由德国建筑师保尔·弗里德里希设计，为典型德国古典式建筑。

大家看东北方向离我们最近的建筑就是天后宫，是青岛市区现存最古老的有民族风格的建筑群。那时一座集妈祖文化、海洋文化、民俗文化于一体的著名人文景观，现在是青岛市民俗博物馆。天后宫里保留着四大庙会节日：天后诞辰节、天后升天节、清明节庙会及海洋节。那浓郁活泼的海洋民俗风情吸引了众多游人。

栈桥是青岛历史的见证。她身上不仅刻录了青岛的屈辱岁月，也记录了解放后青岛市的建设与发展。就栈桥本身来说，他能在海浪的冲击和海水浸泡下依然屹立于海中，可建造桥的工艺之高。这也体现出中国人民的智慧和技术水平。

好，现在是自由活动时间，大家可以拍照留念。

青岛栈桥导游词(二)

各位团友：

大家好!我们今天游览的第一站是栈桥。栈桥是青岛的象征，是青岛人的骄傲。它位于青岛湾，全长440米，宽8米。20世纪30年代栈桥曾被誉为青岛市内十景之首、青岛二十四景之一，不少文人墨客都曾写下赞美它的诗词，国内外的重要宾客、知名人士来青岛观光时，都要登临栈桥，欣赏海滨风光。驰名中外的青岛啤酒商标便是以栈桥为图案设计而成的。

现在我把栈桥给大家做一下介绍：

[栈桥概况]

栈桥有着一百多年的历史，她既目睹了青岛的屈辱岁月，也见证了青岛的建设与发展。1891年清政府下诏书在青岛(时称胶澳)建置。1892年清政府派登州总兵章高元带四营官兵驻扎青岛，为便于部队军需物资的运输，建了两座码头，其中一座就是现今的栈桥，长200米，宽10米。该码头原称谓很多，有海军栈桥、前海栈桥、南海栈桥、李鸿章栈桥、大码头等。另一座位于总兵衙门前方的“衙门桥”长100米，宽6米，亦称“蜗牛桥”。这两座码头都是中国工程师自己设计的，是青岛最早的码头。

栈桥是当时惟一的一条海上“军用武器供给线”，也就是说，谁控制了栈桥，谁就控制了胶州湾。1897年，德军以演习为名，从栈桥所在的青岛湾登陆，武力占领了青岛，栈桥成为德军侵占青岛的见证。德帝国主义侵占青岛后，于192019年5月将原桥北端改为石基，水泥铺面，在南端钢制桥架上铺设木板，并建轻便铁轨，将桥身延长到350米，仍为军用码头。192019年大港第一码头建成后，栈桥逐渐失去它作为码头的历史使命，开始向游人开放。

第一次世界大战期间，日本从崂山仰口登陆占领青岛后，仍然在这座桥上举行阅兵式，以此证明其对青岛享有“充分主权”。

1922年，青岛被中国北洋政府收回后，中国水兵在此阅兵。

1931年，南京国民政府出巨资由德国信利洋行承包重建，桥身加长到440米。桥南端增建了箭头型的防浪堤， 并在防浪堤上修建了具有民族风格的回澜阁。整个工程至1933年4月竣工。 栈桥从此成为青岛第一景。新中国成立后，政府多次拨款对栈桥进行维修，1985年青岛市又对栈桥进行了大规模的全面整修，两侧围以铁索护栏，12对欧式桥灯相峙而立，外铺花岗岩石台阶。1998年底至1999年6月，市政府再次拨款对栈桥进行了大规模整修，此次维修既达到防风浪、防腐蚀，保持原有的风韵的要求，又与两侧护岸设施相匹配，增加了美观效果，使整个桥体焕发了青春。

2019年包括栈桥在内的海滨风景区，被国家旅游局评为首批AAAA级风景区。

各位团友，我们现在站在栈桥桥头，前面这片水域被称为青岛湾。远处看，栈桥像一条彩虹横卧在大海之中，尽头的“回澜阁”仿佛飘浮在大海之上，有“长虹远引”、“飞阁回澜”之美称。

要领略栈桥的魅力，最好是沿着这条通往海中的桥走进去。走进去，仿佛将自己置身于大海环绕之中，可充分感受海的气息，体验海的浩淼，增强对大海的立体感受。碧波拍打着桥面，白云漂浮在蓝天，海鸥在海天间飞翔，游船在海浪中穿梭，这种美妙的感受，您能只能在此时此地才能充分体味。大家在行进中可以看到岸边绿树掩映、楼台辉映的美景，那又是一幅充满浪漫欧陆风情的城市画卷，正如康有为先生所描写的：“碧海蓝天，红瓦绿树”，梁实秋的“观壮阔波澜，当大王之雄风”。

[回澜阁]

各位团友，现在我们来到了回澜阁，“回澜阁”匾额上的3个字最初是由原青岛市市长沈鸿烈题写的，这个匾额在日本第二次占领青岛期间被掠往日本，放在日本东京陆军博物馆内展出，以显示其侵华战争的“功绩”。现在“回澜阁”三字为著名书法家舒同所写。

此阁为二层八角凉亭，亭子由彩色琉璃瓦覆盖，24根红漆柱子支撑，阁心有螺旋形楼梯，楼上四周为玻璃窗，有“一窗一景，一景一画”之说。我们可以凭窗眺望，全方位地看到美丽的青岛湾和周围的各个景点以及著名建筑。

[栈桥周边景点]

与栈桥在一条南北直线上的这条路是中山路，它是青岛市一条老商业街，有着100多年的历史。德国占领青岛后，为了在后海修建深水码头，于1899年开辟了一条南北连接的道路，这便是中山路的雏形。德县路以南是德国人居住区，命名为“斐迭里街”，德县路以北是中国人居住区，称为大马路，1922年，两条路合并在一起，命名为山东路。1929年，为纪念孙中山先生，又改名为中山路。中山路全长1300多米，63座建筑，160多家商场，同时它还是国家确定的全国100个文明示范点之一。目前中山路也是老市区最繁华的地方之一。这样看来，栈桥成了大海与街市的过渡。它将大海和陆地紧密地连接在一起。

中山路上那座最高的建筑是“百盛商厦”。1998年9月开业。它是国务院批准的首批全国18家合资零售企业之一，由青岛第一百货公司与马来西亚的金狮集团合资兴建，总投资7.8亿元人民币，地下5层，地上49层，建筑面积12万平方米，商场面积5万平方米。在当时被称为齐鲁商业第一楼。

栈桥西边这个沙滩是第六海水浴场，它是市区浴场中最小的一个，与繁华的中山路相邻而且周围环境十分优美，有很多人到此游泳。

走进大三巴，里面是以前的殿堂，现在只剩下一些大柱子的地基，有点遗憾。走上右边的台阶，站在唱诗班高台上，下面广场的景色大半收在眼底，身后就是殿堂。

最里面是墓堂，参观时一定要保持严肃，要体会这个地方宗教气息，就要亲自看看大理石上的祭檀。隔壁就是天主教艺术博物馆，展品有图画、雕刻、装饰品。都是十六到十九世纪的作品。

游客们，你们觉得大三巴漂亮吗?如果你们觉得漂亮，希望你们下次再来!

一：减少客流量。减轻当地环境压力，保持其空气湿度二氧化碳含量长久稳定 二：获得各方面资金支持，加大原生环境保护力度。

三：建立网上博物馆，通过3D图像让人足不出户即可欣赏到当地美景 四：建立防护栏，严厉禁止游客手触壁画雕像，违者予以重罚

五：建立预览制度，每天限定参观人数(仿造拉斯科洞窟壁画例子)

青少年对文物保护可以力所能及地做好以下事情：

1、多参观博物馆，多了解文物和文物蕴藏的历史文化，做一个历史文化的传承者;

2、了解文物法规政策，做好文物及相关法规知识的宣传，让更多的人增强文物保护意思，加入文物保护行列;

3、生活中见到有人兜售文物或假文物，以及有人破坏文物的现象要及时进行举报(向110或当地文物部门或当地党委政府)。

你们知道吗？从北京出发，行车一百多里就能来到长城脚下。这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方型的瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。城墙顶上，每隔三百多米就有一座方型的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。 各位游客，现在你站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，不知是否能想起古代的劳动人民是怎样修筑长城的。看，单是这数不清的条石，一块有两三千斤重，那时候没有火车、汽车，没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。

关于长城，还有一段有名的传说。相传孟姜女丈夫成亲的当晚，官兵她丈夫抓去修长城。孟姜女在家苦苦地等着他回来。日复一日，年复一年，孟姜女始终没有等到自己的夫君。于是，孟姜女万里寻夫，来到了长城边。不料，夫君早已变成了一堆白骨。孟姜女悲伤之下，昼夜不停地哭泣，哭倒了长城。

游客们，这样气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹。长城已经被列入《世界遗产名录》，请大家自由观赏，同时提醒各位在长城上不要乱刻乱画，乱丢垃圾。

大家可以看看它的叶子，苍翠欲滴，绿得多么耀眼，似乎每一片绿叶上都有一个新的生命在颤动，显得生机勃勃，好像要把它的生命力展示给我们看。现在我们来到它的浓荫下，呀，它长得好密呀，真是遮天蔽日啊!

大家竖起耳朵听，听到了什么?对了，是鸟儿那清脆的鸣叫声，你们看，它们有的在梳洗羽毛，有的在追逐嬉戏，万鸟盘旋飞舞，展翅高飞，这儿最有名的是白鹤和灰麻鹤，白鹤是日出夕归，而灰麻鹤恰恰相反，是夕出日归，清晨或傍晚，万鸟交替出归，到时，看见了这只，错过了那只;看见了这只，另一只又飞起来了。你们绝对应接不暇哦!

现在，让我们踏上小岛，感受它的勃勃生机吧!

兰亭位于绍兴市西南十四公里处的兰渚山下，是东晋著名书法家王羲之的寄居处，这一带有“崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右”，是山阴路上的风景佳丽之处。相传春秋时越王勾践曾在此植兰，汉时设驿亭，故名兰亭。现址为明嘉靖二十七年(公元l548年)郡守沈启重建，几经反复，于1980年全面修复如初。

兰亭布局以曲水流觞为中心，四周环绕着鹅池、鹅池亭、流觞亭、小兰亭、玉碑亭、墨华亭、右军祠等。鹅池用地规划优美而富变化，四周绿意盎然，池内常见鹅只成群，悠游自在。鹅池亭为一三角亭，内有一石碑，上刻“鹅池”二字，“鹅”字铁划银钩，传为王羲之亲书;“池”字则是其子王献之补写。一碑二字，父子合璧，乡人传为美谈。流觞亭就是王羲之与友人吟咏作诗，完成《兰亭集序》的地方。东晋穆帝永和九年三月三日，王羲之和当时名士孙统、孙绰、谢安、支遁等41人，为过“修禊日”宴集于此，列坐于曲水两侧，将酒觞置于清流之上，飘流至谁的前面，谁就即兴赋诗，否则罚酒三觞。这次聚会有26人作诗37首。王羲之为之作了一篇324字的序文，这就是有“天下第一行书”之称的王羲之书法代表作《兰亭集序》。兰亭也因此成为历代书法家的朝圣之地和江南著名园林。