北京颐和园导游词(推荐20篇)

各位游客大家好，我是您们的导游员小宋，今天我们要去的景点是故宫，现在我们就开始今天的游览行程吧。

我们有时候还把故宫叫做紫禁城，而它的名称是怎样得来的呢?我国古代天文学家把天上的主要恒星分为三垣、四象和二十八星宿。三垣是太微垣、紫微垣和天市垣。其中紫薇垣居中，是天上皇帝所居住的地方，称为紫宫。封建帝王自称是天帝的儿子，所以他们也把自己居住的皇宫象征为天上的紫宫。而且皇帝居住的地方戒备森严，不许庶民百姓接近，是绝对的禁地，又称为禁宫，所以这里也被叫做紫禁城。这里共有四道门，分别是午门、神武门、东华门和西华门。而紫禁城的正门就是午门，因为在罗盘上，上午的代表正南，所以午门也是南大门的意思。它的平面呈“凹”字型，从汉代的门阙形制演变过来。下端有高12米的墩台，正中的墩台上面有门楼，两侧还设有钟鼓亭，东西两侧突出的部分叫观，上部各有廊庑13间，两端还建有重檐攒尖方亭。中央的广场叫阙。在明清两代，这里是朝廷举行颁朔大典和献俘典礼的地方。正中开了三道门，两侧都有掖门，这种做法称为“明三暗五”。五个门洞都有各自的用途：中门是皇帝专用的，或者皇帝大婚的时候，皇后可以从这里入宫，科考三甲也可以从这里入宫;平时，文武百官走左门，宗室王公走右门;掖门只有在大型活动的时候才开，三品以下的官员按照文东武西分别通过东西掖门，外国使节要从西掖门才可以入宫;在殿试的时候，考生分单双号，从东西掖门中通过。

进入午门，我们首先看到的就是内金水河，它自西向东蜿蜒流过太和门广场，上边还有五座汉白玉石桥，就是内金水桥了。内金水河的作用不仅是故宫中排水的主要通道，也是建筑和灭火的主要水源，同时还起到了点缀景观的作用，使太和门广场在雄浑中不失秀美。

在太和门两旁还有两道门，就是德昭门和贞度门。每逢皇帝出宫，都要在太和门换车，而且皇帝大婚的时候，皇后也要从太和门进入皇宫。在光绪四年的时候就发生了这样一件事：在光绪皇帝大婚前夕，太和门突然被火烧毁了，可是大婚当天皇后要从这里经过，所以朝廷就在北京寻找了能工巧匠，连夜用彩绸还有木料搭建了一座假的太和门，才使得婚礼如期进行，而在第二年，太和门才重建完成。

过了太和门我们就进入了太和殿广场，它面积有3万多平方米，在每年的元旦、冬至、还有皇帝生日以及一些重大活动的时候，都要在太和殿以及太和殿广场举行隆重的朝礼。

尊敬的各位游客，你们好!我是你们的导游，大家可以叫我小康。希望我们可以一起度过一段欢乐的时光。那么接下来我们将要游览的是颐和园。颐和园是清代的皇家园林和行宫，是我国重点文物保护单位，已经列入《世界遗产名录》。请大家游览时自觉保持它的清洁。

我们首先来到的是著名的长廊。看，红漆的柱子，绿漆的栏杆，多美啊!长廊全长七百二十八米，共有二百七十三间。廊间的每根枋梁上都绘有彩画，一万四千多幅彩画没有一幅画是相同的。

现在我们来到的是万寿山。那个耸立在半山腰的八角宝塔形的三层建筑物就是佛香阁，房顶的琉璃瓦在太阳的照射下闪闪发光。佛山阁下面那一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是有名的排云殿。

各位游客，现在我们正在攀登的就是万寿山了，站在山顶，这是欣赏颐和园全景的最佳位置。周围的景色一览无余，正前面就是昆明湖，游人常说它像镜子，像碧玉，不知你们是否有同感?接着就让我们去昆明湖边仔细欣赏。

看，昆明湖多大，它周围的堤岸更长。看见湖中心那个小岛了吗?走过这个小石桥就可以去小岛上玩。请仔细看这座石桥，它叫十七孔桥，桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，每个柱子上都雕刻着栩栩如生的小石狮，它们姿态各异，简直让人过目不忘。

颐和园到处都是美丽的景色，说也说不尽，请大家慢慢游赏吧。如果下次有机会，我希望还能更好的为大家服务。再见!

欢迎大家来到“糖豆”公司,我们出发吧!

首先,我们的第一站是北京那个美丽的大公园------颐和园。进了颐和园的大门,绕过大殿,就来到了有名的长廊。看!这绿漆的柱子,红漆的栏杆,真是一眼望不到头。告诉大家一个小知识;这条长廊有七百多米长,分成273间,每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画。大家可以看看,这么多的画没有哪两幅是相同的。另外,这条长廊的两旁栽满了花木,这一种花还没有谢,那一种花又开了。站在这里,有时可以感受微风从左边的昆明湖上吹来,那种感觉会使人神清气爽。

好了,走完了长廊,我们就来到了万寿山脚下。大家抬头看一看,有一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上,黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光,大家猜一猜那是什么?对了!就是佛香阁。再看看那一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿,就是排云殿。

我们现在站在万寿山上 了,请大家向下望,颐和园的景前是不是大半收在眼底? 葱郁的树丛,掩映着黄的、绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。正前面,昆明湖静得象一面镜子,绿的象一块碧玉。游船、画舫在湖面慢慢的划过,几乎不留一点儿痕迹。告诉大家,向东远眺,隐隐约约还可以看见几座古老的城楼和城里的白塔呢!

大家从万寿山下来,就是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸,桥!堤上有好几座式样不同的石桥,两岸载着数不清的垂柳。看!湖中心有个小岛,远远望去,岛上一片葱绿,树丛中露出宫殿的一角。游人走过长长的石桥,就可以去小岛上玩。这座石桥有十七个桥洞,叫十七孔桥;桥栏杆上有上百根石柱,柱子上都雕刻着小狮子,这么多的狮子,没有哪两只是相同的。

游客们!今天玩的开心么?欢迎下次再来,因为下次我要带您去兵马俑世界。再见

游客朋友们:

您们好，欢迎您到北海公园参观游览。

北海公园位于北京市的中心，是我园现存最悠久、保存最完整的皇家园林之一，距今已有近千年的历史

北海园林的开发始于辽代，金代又在辽代初创的基础上于大定十九年(1179年)建成规模宏伟的太宁宫。太宁宫沿袭我国皇家园林“一池三山”的规制，并将北宋汴京艮岳御园中的太湖石移置于琼华岛上。至元四年(1267年)，元世祖忽必烈以太宁宫琼华岛为中心营建大都，琼华岛及其所在的湖泊被划入皇城，赐名万寿山、太液池永乐十八年(1420xx年)明朝正式迁都北京，万寿山、太液池成为紫禁城西面的御苑，称西苑。明代向南开拓水面，形成三海的格局。清朝承袭明代的西苑，乾隆时期对北海进行大规模的改建，奠定了此后的规模和格局。辛亥革命后，1920xx年北海辟为公园对外开放。1949年新中国成立后，党和政府对北海公园的保护极为重视，拨巨资予以修葺，1961年被国务院公布为第一批全园重点文物保护单位。

北海是中国历史园林的艺术杰作。全园占地69公顷(其中水面39公顷)，主要由琼华岛、东岸、北岸景区组成琼华岛上树木苍郁，殿宇栉比，亭台楼阁，错落有致，白塔耸立山巅，成为公园的标志，环湖垂柳掩映着濠濮间、画舫斋、静心斋、天王殿、快雪堂、九龙壁、五龙亭、小西天等众多著名景点，北海园林博采众长，有北方园林的宏阔气势和江南私家园林婉约多姿的风韵，并蓄帝王宫苑的富丽堂皇及宗教寺院的庄严肃穆，气象万千而又浑然一体，是中国园林艺术的瑰宝。北海位于北京故宫西北，是我国现存历史悠久、规模宏伟的一处古代帝王宫苑。素有人间“仙山琼阁”之美誉这里原是辽、金、元、明、清五个朝代的皇家“离宫御苑 明、清两代，北海与中海、南海合称三海清乾隆年间大规模扩建，现存建筑多为那时所建，基本上已是现在的格局了。

北海全区可分为琼华岛、团城、北海东岸与北岸四个部分琼华岛是全园的中心，岛上建筑、造景繁复多变，堪称北海胜景东部以佛教建筑为主，永安寺、正觉殿、白塔，自下而上，高低错落，其中尤以高耸入云的白塔最为醒目;西部以悦心殿、庆霄楼等系列建筑为主，另有阅古楼、漪澜堂、双虹榭和许多假山隧洞、回廊、曲径等建筑。

北海东、北两岸有建筑群多处，各具特色，有画舫斋、濠濮涧、静心斋、天王殿、小西天、五龙亭、九龙壁等园中园和佛寺建筑北海南为屹立于水滨的团城，以永安桥与琼华岛相连;团城上的建筑按中轴线对称布置，主殿承光殿位于中央，规模宏大，造型精巧。北海公园的面积为68公顷，其中水面约占39公顷总观北海全园的建筑布局，以白塔为中心，以琼华岛为主体的四面景观。山顶耸立的白塔建于清顺治八年(1651年)，内藏有喇嘛经卷和衣钵等四周殿阁相连，形成众星捧月之势湖东岸、北岸有几处庭院、寺庙建筑湖边的五龙亭似飘若动，构成了北海的又一独特景致。位于北岸的九龙壁更是气势磅礴，为中国仅有的三个九龙壁之一园中的“仿膳饭庄”以经营清宫风味菜肴著称。

"季节轮回，难耐我们回归自然之心。”不知您在这里听了这句话是否感到亲切。愿大家此时把工作的疲劳和生活的烦恼抛到九霄云外，同我一起沐浴大自然的慷慨与激情。今天由我为大家做沿途解说，首先我代表幽谷神潭的全体员工欢迎各位的到来，如果大家在游玩过程中有什么不解的问题，请向我提出，我会尽全力给您一个满意的答复。

首先展现在我们面前的是一个巨大的游泳池，池中水是流动的春天然矿泉水，此水全部是由山顶流下来的，山上长满了许多珍贵的野生药材，比如柴胡、山姜、百合、白芍……因此水中溶入了许多药材的汁液，所以在此游泳清凉自在、身上爽滑，且有祛病健身等功效。

各位朋友，不知当您进入峡谷，是否感觉清爽之气扑面而来，当您漫步在石筑的小路上，举头仰望两岸高岩壁立，郁郁苍苍，山石由近而远，加上谷中纵横的溪流，淙淙作响，是否让您的精神为之大振呢?

现在引入您眼帘的是一块巨大的石头架在两石之上形成一个拱门，上书“通天门”，巧妙地把人文精神融化在大自然地鬼斧神工之中。顺着我地手往上看，巨大的岩壁酷似一张山神的脸，长长的鼻梁、紧闭着的嘴、双眼一开一闭着，张开的眼关切着进入幽谷神潭的人们，守护着您的安全，闭着的眼告诉人们它并不在意您扰了山神的清净。

这条峡谷共有2.5公里的路程，涧中处处有水，而且山有多高水便有多高，有水就有鱼，让您感到大自然那充满灵动的神韵。

为了您在登山过程中，不感到疲劳和空虚，除了能感受大自然的神韵外，也能欣赏到人为艺术，所以我们请了各地有名的石匠在此雕刻了一些书法篆刻和古代岩画。这一组“渐入佳境”不正是在督促您向上走，里面的景色会更美。

在您的周围，有各式各样的石头，形象万千，独具特色，比如趴在消息里的那只小龟，正做正向上攀登的动作，传说它从谷里被冲下来，至今已有数万年之久了，悠闲自在的趴在那里，究竟是什么原因导致它被冲到这里能?请您随我一起祛寻找答案。

人有“三分长相，七分打扮”一言，那么景也就有“三分象，七分想”一说，大家请回头随我手指的方向看“卧虎岭”好似真的一只头向西的大老虎在那趴着，传说是玉皇大帝派遣在这里的“守山之王”。

这里有一块巨大的“探头石”，形成了一个天然的屋檐，由于夏天雨水过多，所以将这个圆柱立在了下面，让游客在此歇脚时有一定的安全感。

朋友们，想尝试一下“高空飞人”的感觉吗?我们景区一九九八年八月份开发了这项人工娱乐设施——“高空速滑”，其娱乐性、刺激性强，但有惊无险，如果朋友们有兴趣的话可以亲身体验一下。

在大家眼前的是一个深约3米，宽约2米的深沟，沟里长着一些绿色的苔藓，不时从石缝里流出一股清泉。传说这里曾经是鲶鱼精的洞穴，它经常危害方圆百姓，兴风作浪，引起玉皇大帝的愤怒，于是下令雷公捕杀它，为百姓除害，鲶鱼精受了伤躲进洞穴，至今血还残留在洞穴里，那股清泉冲刷到现在，也不能冲去它的罪恶。

面前者谭不及其清澈见底，忠心希望人余人直间底情谊就象这“情深似水”潭，至于这个名字的由来请大家随我往前走，顺着我手指的方向看，听我讲一个感人而又悲伤的故事，这只大龟在努力向上爬的同时头却朝向谷口，而在它的保护下，她的孩子横卧着，将头藏在妈妈的脖子下，原本山下谷口那只小龟也应在妈妈身旁，只因在雷公捕杀鲶鱼精的时候，当晚雷鸣电闪、风雨交加，吓坏了母龟和它的两个孩子，为了躲避这场灾难，母龟便托住小龟，往山顶跑，突然，在它身边的一只小龟不留神踩到一块散的石头，便掉了下来，又随着汹涌的河水被冲到了谷底。大龟的头就这样一直冲谷口望去，望她那失散多年的孩子，眼泪掉了一遍又一遍，积成了一个潭，人们为之感动，起名为“情深似水”潭，潭里的眼泪流向谷底，冲到小龟的身体，也寄托了母亲的思念，真可谓“儿行千里母担忧，母行千里儿不愁”。

在往前走又一块大石头挡住了我们的视线，“换了人间”四个大字刻在其上，绕过此石到清凉谷，请大家暂时溶入这自然之中，尽情享受人家最美的境界。走到这儿我们暂停脚步，这里树木茂盛且凉爽，由此梯而上，是一巨大平台，周围树荫遮掩、清风吹拂，坐在上面，望着满谷的秀美，心都醉了。

现在展现在大家眼前的就是幽谷神潭的奇景之一的“飞瀑”。高百尺，上下两叠，上叠侧峰壁立之间，奔腾的山泉如蛟龙出谷，协风带雾，杂在下叠的花岗岩上，浪花飞溅，满谷轰鸣，而后由慢撒在鳞片状的崖壁上，形成一副书迷宽的水帘，飘飘洒洒一泻数丈，形成飞瀑奇观，其中最深处在3.4米，虽然没有李白那“飞流只下三千里，疑是银河落九天”之壮观，但其秀美也乐在其中了。

俗话说“不到长城非好汉”，那么在这里我要对大家说的是“不到神潭更遗憾”。走过这一关便是“神潭”，登天梯乐趣无穷，有惊无险，当您站在天梯顶转头向谷底了望，两侧的山峰耸立，中间那条小路就像一条卧龙向上蠕动，冲着谷口大声喊，会让您的心情更加舒畅。

现在大家看到的便是著名的“神潭”。潭方百尺，最深处达8米多，上接飞瀑，下引清流，远观上下两条瀑布如双龙含珠，更为神奇的是自上而下为一整块灰白色的天然花岗岩冲击而成的，但何以能冲成这么深的一个潭，也是令人不解的。在潭水静时，虽然有8米深，确清澈见底，潭底一闪一闪的是硬币，每一枚都代表了游客的一个心愿，潭中小鱼悠哉游哉，潭口阔而潭底小，象脸盆状，水质很高，属纯天然矿泉水。

传说这里有只神龟，是专管人间阴晴雨雪之事，所以当地百姓敬潭如神，有祈雨的仪式流传至今。在大旱时方圆几十里百姓到神潭旁的“祈雨神庙”中祈雨，人员为男性，光着上身，扛两只羊，提着一个铜酒壶，祭祀完毕，从神潭汲半壶水，这水不能动，待下雨后再把水倒回潭中，据说及其灵验，常常在归途中便有大雨。

北京作为中国的七大古都之一，文物古迹随处可见，是全球拥有世界遗产(6处)最多的城市;景物数量也为全国之最，对外开放的旅游景物达200多处，有世界上最大的皇宫紫禁城、祭天神庙天坛、皇家花园北海、皇家园林颐和园，还有八达岭长城、慕田峪长城以及世界上最大的四合院恭王府等名胜古迹。

北京的景观涵盖了历史，文化，自然，艺术等各个领域，几乎每个区县都有旅游热点，其中三环以内是北京的老城区，人文景观大部分都分布在这里;环绕四周的区县则主要为自然风光，其中，北边的延庆，怀柔，密云有举世闻名的长城，西边的海淀，昌平，门头沟，房山则多山林峡谷。

北京,是中国六朝古都,历史源远流长,保存着较为完整的古代建筑格局。北京,是中华人民共和国的首都,简称京,是中国的政治、文化和国际交往的中心,由此北京有着丰富多彩的古代、现代的人文景观,有着博大精深的文化底蕴。

北京全市面积16807.8平方公里,在北面有军都山,西面有西山,与河北交界的东灵山海拔2303米是北京市的最高峰。境内有密云水库、怀柔水库和十三陵水库;其他还有潮白河、北运河、永定河、拒马河和汤河五大河。

北京的气候属于温带大陆性季风性气候,季节分明:春季略有风沙,气温偏低。夏季炎热,有阵雨。秋季天气晴朗、温和,天高气爽,是旅游的黄金季节;但深秋早晚较凉,中午较热。冬季气候干燥、寒冷,雪较少。

来北京观光旅游不能错过具有北京特色的风味小吃和悠久历史的名吃。名吃有北京烤鸭、涮羊肉、宫廷菜。

北京的特产有:王麻子刀剪、安宫牛黄丸、秋梨膏、果脯蜜饯、茯苓夹饼、六必居酱菜。土产有:京白梨、盖柿、良乡板栗、山楂、核桃、密云小枣、杏。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游___。

十渡风景名胜区位于北京西南部，距市区70余公里，辖区面积301平方公里，是华北地区唯一以岩溶峰林、峰丛、河谷地貌为特色的自然风景区。十渡景区山奇水秀，谷壁峭立，峰林叠翠、石美潭深、景致幽胜，众誉“青山野渡、百里画廊”。十渡山水，四季如画。初春杨柳吐翠，绿染河川;盛夏峰峦叠嶂，碧水如云;深秋柿坠枝头，红叶似锦;寒冬冰河如镜，峰岭披银。宛若一幅泼墨山水，尽显一派北国风光。十渡负氧离子含量极高，每CM3达7000-10000个，素有“自然空调、天然氧仓”之称。

景区内有蹦极、攀岩等36个旅游项目，18处水面娱乐中心，10大集吃住游于一体的自然景区。先后被国家计委列为小城镇经济综合开发示范区、市级风景名胜区、市级优秀景区、文明景区、北京市唯一的旅游专业镇、北京市农业结构调整示范镇、国家体育训练总局攀岩、蹦极训练比赛基地、全国青少年地质科考夏令营基地，并顺利通过国家旅游局AAA级景区评定，被国土资源部批准为国家地质公园,被市园林局评为市级先进风景名胜区，连续4年被评为市级文明景区，荣获“全市旅游安全先进单位”等称号。

十渡，从千河口到十渡村，沿途在拒马河上要过桥渡水十次，"十渡"因此得名。1986年被评为北京十六景中的第八景，1999年被评为北京市首批风景名胜区。景区内有孤山寨、仙峰谷、万景仙沟、南方大峡谷、普渡山庄、平西抗日烈士陵园、仙栖洞、天池山、西湖港、五星峡谷10个景点;有拒马乐园、九渡漂流、八渡划船场、六渡划船场、清江九龙潭等娱乐点，可提供蹦极跳、悬崖跳伞、索道、攀岩、滑翔飞翼、漂流、脚踏船、皮划艇、冲浪车、摩托艇、沙滩浴场、游泳、骑马等多项娱乐项目;能提供行、游、住、食、购、娱一条龙服务。

“龙庆峡”的得名，源于明代延庆的称谓“龙庆州”。被人们誉为北京的“小漓江”，堪称“塞外一绝”。

龙庆峡水库高耸的大坝相连着两座山，其宽有四五十米，大坝犹如一把白色的巨锁把水龙锁住，东西的两座山，峭壁直立，足有几十丈高。

当你划船而渡，大有“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”之感。它既有塞外的雄奇，又兼有江南的秀丽，可与桂林的漓江、长江的三峡相媲美。是北京十六景之一。该景区集南方山水的妩媚秀丽和北方山水的雄浑壮观于一体，裸露的石灰岩形成奇特造型，与漓江山石极相似，只是当您抬头观望山峰时，又感到北方峰崖的雄伟峻峭。“峡江十里”是龙庆峡的重要景观。从河口大坝至三岔河近7里长的峡谷，两侧山势不高却甚险，壁面几乎与河水垂直，河水忽宽忽窄，宽处约50米，窄处不 足10米，极为蜿蜒曲折。每一曲折，自出一景，并伴随着美丽的神话传说，如马蹄潭、十八盘、造钱炉、三岔河、金銮殿等，沿湖的独秀峰(鸡冠山)、金刚山(双剑崖)、神笔峰、东大寨、西大寨等诸峰环列，倒映入水，嶙峋多姿，千奇百怪。此景即为延州八景之一的“神峰列翠”。

龙庆峡为中国登山协会攀岩、攀冰训练基地，成功举办了“龙庆峡杯”全国第七届攀岩锦标赛。

下山可穿越300米长的百花仙洞，观看四季风光。也可乘上横跨谷口的福斯特滑道，于有惊无险之中，从仙境回到现实。

尊敬的各位游客们：

大家好!我是本次游览团的导游，我叫汪尔康，为了方便记忆，大家也可以叫我小汪，将由我带领大家参观北京名胜古迹北京故宫。

故宫又名紫禁城，始建于公元1420xx年，1420xx年基本峻工，是明朝皇帝朱棣始建。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，建筑面积15.5万平方米。宫城周围环绕着高12米，长3400米的宫墙，形成为一长方形城池，墙外有52米宽的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。

故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。面对北门神武门，有用土、石筑成的景山，满山松柏成林。在整体布局上，景山可说是故宫建筑群的屏障。

现在我将带领大家一起游览乾清宫。请大家在游览过程中不要乱丢垃圾，随地吐痰，破坏公物。当然啦，请大家紧跟着我一起游览，千万别走散了啊。

现在我们到了乾清宫，乾清宫是皇帝处理日常政务，批阅各种奏章的地方，后来还在这里接见外国使节。乾清宫建筑规模为内廷之首，明朝的十四个皇帝和清朝的顺治、康熙两个皇帝，都以乾清宫为寝宫，在这里居位，平时也在这里处理日常政务。作为明代皇帝的寝宫，自永乐皇帝朱棣至崇祯皇帝朱由检，共有14位皇帝曾在此居住。据记载，嘉靖年间发生十余个宫女趁嘉靖帝熟睡之时，企图勒死的“寅宫变”后，世宗移居西苑，不敢回乾清宫住。

这里是坤宁宫，坤宁宫是北京故宫内廷后三宫之一，坤宁宫在交泰殿后面，始建于明朝永乐十八(1420xx年)，正德九年(1520xx年)、万历二十四年(1596年)两次毁二火，万历三十三年(1620xx年)重建。清朝沿袭明朝体制，于顺治二年(1645年)重修，十二年(1655年)仿照盛京沈阳清宁宫再次重修。嘉庆二年(1797年)乾清宫失火，延烧此殿前檐，三年重修。乾清宫代表阳性，坤宁宫代表阴性，以表示阴阳结合，天地合壁之意。

今天，我带家游览的任务结束了，谢谢大家对我的支持与信任。北京有许多名胜古迹，希望下次有机会和大家一起再去细细游览品赏。衷心祝愿大家北京游游愉快，生活美满幸福。

孔庙是祭祀著名的思想家、教育家，世界文化名人孔子的庙宇，源远流长。北京孔庙始建于元大德六年(公元1320_年)，元大德十年(公元1320_年)建成，初具规模。明嘉靖九年(公元1530年)建崇圣祠，用于供奉孔子五代先人。清光绪三十二年(公元1920_年)扩建大成殿，孔庙始成今日的规模。整座孔庙分三进院落，占地约220_平方米，采用了主体建筑沿中轴线分布，左右对称的中国传统建筑布局。在700多年的漫长历史中，这里成为元、明、清三代统治者尊孔崇儒，宣扬教化，主兴文脉的圣地，也成为众多志在功名的读书人顶礼膜拜的殿堂。这组比故宫还年代久远的皇家古建筑浓缩了千年儒家文化精髓，凝固了一段数百年的漫漫科举之路。徜徉在古柏参天、石碑林立、崇基高堂的孔庙里，远离都市的喧闹，触摸历史、文化的脉搏，以宁静淡泊的心去感受中华传统文化的博大精深，实在是件雅事。

北京孔庙主体建筑都覆以黄色琉璃瓦，是封建社会的最高建筑规制。整座孔庙建筑布局科学，规模宏大，凸显皇家气派。

先师门(又称棂星门)是孔庙的大门，面阔三间，进深七檩，单檐歇山顶，基本上保留了元代的建筑风格，先师门两侧连接庙宇的外围墙，犹如一座城门。进入先师门，迎面看到的便是大成门。大成门创建于元代，清代重修，面阔五间，进深九檩，单檐歇山顶。整座建筑坐落在高大的砖石台基上，中间的御路石上高浮雕海水龙纹图样，五龙戏珠，栩栩如生。大成门前廊两侧摆放着10枚石鼓，每枚石鼓的鼓面上都篆刻一首上古游猎诗。这是清乾隆时仿公元前8世纪周宣王时代的石鼓遗物刻制的，那难辨的文字和深邃的诗意恐怕只有学识渊博的孔老夫子才能完全理解吧。第一进院落是皇帝祭孔前筹备各项事宜的场所，其东侧设有宰牲亭、井亭、神厨，用于祭孔三牲的宰杀、清洗和烹制。两侧有神库、致斋所用于祭孔礼器的存放和供品的备制。

第二进院落是孔庙的中心院落，每逢祭孔大典，这里便钟鼓齐鸣，乐舞升平，仪仗威严。大成殿是第二进院落的主体建筑，也是整座孔庙的中心建筑，是孔庙内最神圣的殿堂。大成殿始建于大德六年(公元1320_年)，后毁于战火，明永乐九年(公元1420_年)重建，清光绪三十二年(公元1920_年)将殿由7间扩建为9间。殿内金砖铺地，内顶施团龙井口天花，其规制是我国封建社会的最高建筑等级，堪与故宫太和殿媲美。殿中供奉孔子“大成至圣文宣王”木牌位，神位两边设有配享的“四配十二哲”牌位。神位前置祭案，上设尊、爵、卣、笾、豆等祭器均为清乾隆时的御制真品。大殿内外高悬清康熙至宣统9位皇帝的御匾，均是皇帝亲书的对孔子的四字赞语，是珍贵的文物。

孔庙的第三进院落最具特色，由崇圣门、崇圣殿和东西配殿组成独立完整的院落，与前二进院落分割明显而又过渡自然，反映出古人在建筑部局上的巧妙构思。这组建筑称为崇圣祠，是祭祀孔子五代先祖的家庙。建于明嘉靖九年(公元1530年)，清乾隆二年(公元1737年)重修，并将灰瓦顶改为绿琉璃瓦顶。崇圣殿又称五代祠，面阔五间，进深七檩，殿前建有宽大的月台，月台三面建有垂带踏步各十级。殿内供奉孔子五代先人的牌位及配享的颜回、孔伋、曾参、孟轲四位先哲之父的牌位。东西配殿坐落在砖石台基上，面阔三间，进深五檩，单檐悬山顶，内奉程颐、程颢兄弟、张载、蔡沈、周敦颐、朱熹6位先儒之父。

三进院落及其建筑有明确的建筑等级差别和功能区域划分，和谐统一地组成一整套皇家祭祀性建筑群落，是我国古代建筑的杰出代表。

跨入景山公园的大门，“蝴蝶展”，这三个字立刻吸引了我的眼球，我拉着爸爸妈妈走进了蝴蝶展的展区。五颜六色的蝴蝶在展区里飞舞，犹如一个个美丽的仙子正在欢迎游客们的到来。有的蝴蝶在进食，有的蝴蝶在休息，还有的蝴蝶在采蜜，快乐极了!

我们沿着弯弯曲曲的小路，来到了一片荷花池。荷花池里的荷叶像是一把把翠绿色的雨伞。给池塘里的小鱼遮阳，一朵朵粉红色的荷花亭亭玉立，一阵风吹过，荷花还会随风舞动，宛如一位婀娜多姿的舞者，尽情享受着舞蹈带给它的乐趣。

我们继续向前走，来到了一片茂密的树林，笔直的树就像训练有素的战士一样，守卫着这美丽的景高山公园，你瞧!一只小鸟正在一棵树上休息，人们的耳边还不时传来几声鸟叫，鸟叫时而快，时而慢，时而欢快，时而低沉，仿佛是一首感情鲜明的交响曲。向人们的到来表示欢呼、欢迎。

时间一分一秒地过去了，傍晚的晚霞渐渐露出了它的笑脸，我们依依不舍地离开了景山公园，回想着那些美丽的情景，真是让人意犹味尽。

THE FORBIDDEN CITY(紫禁城)

(Infront of the meridian gate)

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It isthe largest and most well reserved imperial residence inChinatoday. Under MingEmperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14 years to build theForbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi.For five centuries thereafter,it continued to be the residence of 23 successiveemperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizationrecognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, orZi Jin Cheng (Purple ForbiddenCity), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided theconstellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star).The constellation containing the North Starwas called the Constellation ofHeavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperorwas supposedly the son of the heavenly gods,his central and dominant positionwould be further highlighted the use of theword purple in the name of hisresidence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became ametaphor for auspicious events after apurple cloud was seen drifting eastwardimmediately before the arrival of anancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the HanghuPass. Here, purple isassociated with auspicious developments. The word jin(forbidden) isself-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded andoff-explanatoryas the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits toordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace wallsand roofs are also symbolic. Redrepresents happiness, good fortune and wealth.Yellow is the color of the earthon the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became animperial color during the Tang dynasty, whenonly members of the royal familywere allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

The Forbidden Cityis rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from northto south and 750meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roofarea 150,000square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter―high wallwhich enclosesthe complex. Octagon ―shaped turrets rest on the four corners ofthe wall.There are four entrances into the city: the MeridianGate to the south,the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, andthe Xihua Gate(Gateof military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )tothe west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) tothe east.

Manpower and materials throughout thecountry were used to build theForbidden City.A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers wereemployed. Marble wasquarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County inHebei Province.Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Pavingblockswere fired in kilns in Suzhou in southernChina. Bricksand scarletpigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province.Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southernregions.

The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entranceto the forbidden City. It is also knowsas Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Mingemperorsheld lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of theChinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place forpunishingofficals by flogging them with sticks.

Qing emperors used this building toannounce the beginning of the new year.Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremonyfrom ban li(announcement ofcalendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )toavoid coincidentalassociation with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which wasconsidered a tabooat that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place tohold audience andfor other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperialarmy returnedvictoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperorpresided overthe ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(After entering the Meridian Gate andstanding in front of the Five MarbleBridges on Golden Water River)

now we are inside the Forbidden City.Beforewe start our tour, I would liketo briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .To completethis solemn, magnificent and palatial complex,a variety of buildings werearranged on a north-south axis, and8-kilometer-long invisible line that hasbecome an inseparable part of the Cityof Beijing. The Forbidden City coversroughly one ?third of this central axis. Most of the important building in theForbidden City weree arranged along this line. The designand arrangement of thepalaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal courtand rigidly ?stratifiedfeudal system.

The Forbidden Cityis divided into an outer and an inner count.We are nowstanding on the southern most part of the outer count. In front of us lies theGate of supreme Harmony .The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. The lions were the most exquisite andbiggest of its kind.The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ballis said to represent state unity. The other one is a female. Underneath one ofits foreclaws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperialsuccession. The winding brook before us is the Golden Water River. It functionsbothas decoration and fire control .The five bridges spanning the riverrepresentthe five virtues preached by Confucius :benevolence, righteousness,rites,intellence and fidelity. The river takes the shape of a bow and thenorth-southaxis is its arrow. This was meant to show that the Emperors ruled thecountryon behalf of God.

(In front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony)

The Forbidden Cityconsists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure.The out count yardcovers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and theGate of HeavenlyPurity. The “three big halls” of Supreme Harmony, CompleteHarmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building group.Flanking themin bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: Wenhua (ProminentScholars)and Wuying (Brave Warriors) . The three great halls are built on aspacious“H”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, Each level of thetripleterrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marblebalustradescarved with dragon and phoenix designs. There are three carved stonestaircases linking the three architectures .The hall of supreme Harmony is alsothetallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all ofChina.From thepalace of Heavenly Purith northward is what isknown as the inner court,which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. In the center are thePalaceof Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Unionand Peace and Palace of EarthlyTranquility, aplace where the Emperors lived with their families and attended tostateaffairs. Flanking these structures are palaces and halls in whichconcubinesand princes lived. There are also three botanical gardens within theinnercount, namely, the imperial Garden, Caning garden and Quailing garden. Aninner Golden Water Riverflows eastwardly within the inner court. The brook windsthrough three minorhalls or palaces and leads out of the Forbidden City.It isspanned by the White Jade Bridge.The river is lined with winding, marble ?carvedbalustrades.

Most of thestructures within the Forbidden City haveyellow glazed tileroofs.

Aside from giving prominence to thenorth-south axis, other architecturalmethods were applied to make every groupof palatial structures unique in termsof terraces, roofs, mythical monstersperching on the roofs and colored, drawingpatterns. With these, the grandcontour and different hierarchic spectrum of thecomplex were strengthened.Folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999room-units in the Forbidden City. Since Paradiseonly has 10,000 rooms, the Sonof Heaven on earth cut the number by half aroom. It is also rumoured that thishalf ?room is located to the west of the Wenyuange Pavilion (imperial library).As a matter of fact, although the Forbidden City has more than 9,000 room-units,this half-room is nonexistent.The Wenyuange Pavilion is a library where “Si KuQuan Shu”- China `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(After walking past the Gate of SupremeHarmony)

Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall ofSupreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its kingin the Forbidden City. Thisstructure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know forits upturned,multiple counterpart eaves . The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on atriple“H”-shaped marble terrace the is 8 meters high and linked by staircases.The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upperstairways each have 9.

The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406. It burneddown three times and was severely damaged onceduring a mutiny. The existingarchitecture was built during the Qing Dynasty.On the corners of the eaves aline of animal-nails were usually fastened to thetiles. These animal-nails werelater replace with mythical animals to ward offevil spirits. There arealtogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. The number nine was regarded bythe ancients to be the largest numeral accessibleto man and to which only theemperors were entitled.

There was a total of 24 successive emperorsduring the Ming and Qingdynasties who were enthroned here. The ball was alsoused for ceremonies whichmarked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice,The Chinese Lunar New Year,the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title ofempress, the announcement ofnew laws and policies, and dispatches of generalsto war .On such occasions, theEmperor would hold audience for his courtofficials and receive theirtributes.

This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers atotal of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, thisplace inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. In themiddle of thesquare there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor.On both sides ofthe road the groud bricks were laid in a special way sevenlayers lengthwise andeight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all.The purpose of this wasto prevent anyone from tunneling his way into thepalace. In the count yard thereare iron vats for storing water to fight fires.In the whole complex there arealtogher 308 water vats. In winter time, charcoal was burned underneath the vatsto keep the water from freezing .

Why so vast asquare? It was designed to impress people with the hall` sgrandeur andvastness. Imagine the following scene. Under the clear blue sky, theyellowglazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled withthecurling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony intoafairyland. Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed,crane-shapedcandleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pinebranches burntin front of the hall. When the Emperor appeared, drums were beatenand musicalinstrument played. Civilian officials and generals would kneel knowinsubmission.

The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three,His father carried him to the throne. At the start of the coronation, thesuddendrum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .He wassoscared that he kept crying and shouting,"I don’t want to stay here."

各位朋友：此刻呢，我们来到了天安门广场，我先为大家做一个简单的介绍，天安门广场是目前世界上最大的城市中心广场，它位于北京市区的中心.天安门广场呈长方形，南北长880米，东西宽500米，总面积44万平方米。如果人们肩并肩地站在广场上，整个广场可容纳100万人，就是说全北京总人口的1/13都能够同时站在那里，够大的吧!

在明清时期广场可没有这么大，当时它呈“T”字形，“T”字的那一横就是我们这天的长安街，那一竖就是从此刻的国旗杆前至毛主_纪念堂前的这一长条形区域，在这一区域的两侧是按文东武西的格局分布着当时政府机关。解放后，原先广场两侧的建筑被拆除，从而构成了这天广场的基本格局。

在天安门广场的四周，有很多著名的建筑，此刻我为大家以顺时针方向做一个简单介绍，就让我们以广场西侧的人民大会堂开始吧!人民大会堂位于天安门广场西侧，是全国人民代表参政、议政、举行重大会议，当家作主行使主权的地方，建成于1959年，最高处46.5米，是此刻广场上的最高建筑。整个大会堂由三部分组成，南部为人大常委会办公楼，中部为万人大会堂，北端是国宴大厅，整座建筑自设计到完工只用了10个月，是我国建筑史上的一个奇迹。

在广场的北端是大家都很熟悉的天安门城楼，它是新中国的象征，就是在天安门城楼上，1949年10月1日毛主_向全世界人民庄严宣告，“中华人民共和国成立了!中国人民从此站起来了!”：

广场的东侧矗立着中国历史博物馆及中国革命博物馆，完工于1959年，那里是收藏并展览中国古代、近代历史文物及革命文物的主要场所。

在人民英雄纪念碑的南面是毛主_纪念堂，原先在那里曾有一座门，明代叫大明门，清代叫大清门，民国时又改为中华门，解放后拆除，1976年毛主_逝世后在其基址上建起了庄严肃穆的毛主_纪念堂。纪念堂建成于1977年，是为纪念伟大领袖毛主_而建，此刻毛主_的遗体安然地躺在水晶棺中，供人们凭吊、瞻仰、表达深深的敬意。

广场的正中，巍巍耸立着中国第一碑——人民英雄纪念碑，它是为了纪念那些自1840年鸦片战争至1949年中华人民共和国成立这一百多年来为中华民族的独立及自由而抛头颅、洒热血的人民英雄们而建。整座纪念碑高37.94米，座落在双层基座之上，碑座四周镶嵌有八幅汉白玉浮雕，反映了中国近百年革命历史。纪念碑的背面是毛主_起草，周总理手书的碑文，正面是毛主_亲笔题写的“人民英雄永垂不朽”八个镏金大字。

天安门广场是中国近代革命的见证人，反帝反封建的五四运动、三˙一八惨案、一二˙九都发生在那里。天安门广场也是新中国诞生的见证人，更是这天人民幸福生活的见证人。此刻，它已被全国人民评为“中国第一景”，每一天都有来自海内外的朋友们到此参观游览。 好!不多说啦!各位必须想在那里照几张相吧此刻就请各位自由拍照，10分钟后我们在北面国旗杆处集合，谢谢大家!

各位游客朋友，今天我们要去游览的是恭王府。恭王府位于北京市西城区前海西街，是清代规模最大的一座王府，先后作为大贪官和珅、庆亲王永璘的宅邸，后被赐予恭亲王奕诉，由此得名恭王府，并沿用至今。恭王府历经了清王朝由鼎盛至衰亡的历史进程，故有“一座恭王府，半部清代史”的说法。“月牙河绕宅如龙蟠，西山远望如虎踞”，这是史书上对恭王府的描述。就其选址而言，它占据京城绝佳的位置。古人修宅建园很注重风水，北京据说有两条龙脉，一是土龙，即故宫的龙脉;二是水龙，指后海和北海一线，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之间的连接线上，即龙脉上，因此风水非常好。古人以水为财，在恭王府内“处处见水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是从玉泉湖引进来的，而且只内人不外流，因此更符合风水学敛财的说法。王府正殿，俗称“银安殿”，是王府内举行重要礼节性活动的场所，在殿内中心位置摆放一组屏风和亲王的宝座，与故宫的金銮殿相对应。银安殿是按照当时严格的清廷建筑规制、王府建筑中的最高规格屋顶歇山顶修复而成的。屋顶覆盖绿色琉璃筒瓦、屋脊上绿色琉璃吻兽，配殿屋顶为灰筒瓦，那是明示亲王的地位。20xx年，恭王府景区被评为国家AAAAA级旅游景区。

各位游客朋友，请看这是多福轩，俗称“藤萝院”，是王府的穿堂客厅，主要用于主人日常接待来客、亲友或前来回禀公事的下属，兼用作存放皇帝送来的礼物。“多福轩”匾为咸丰皇帝所题，意为幸福很多的殿堂。殿内正中悬挂“同德延禧”匾额，意在告诫主人：你与皇帝同德才能延禧(禧：吉祥如意、福寿绵长)。

各位朋友请看，这里是东路建筑中最大的一处，也是最后一进院落，正房名“乐道堂”。室内梁上至今保存了200多年前清中期包褓锦地彩画和凤凰主题彩画，表明和珅时期这里曾是公主的居所，到了恭亲王时期这里是王爷的居室，现在室内按恭亲王居住时的原样陈列。“乐道堂”的匾额是道光帝亲笔所书赐给奕圻的，“安身乐道”表达了一位父亲希望儿子顺心如意、幸福吉祥的美好心愿。各位请看，这是嘉乐堂，是和珅当年的堂号。“嘉乐堂”匾相传是乾隆赐给和珅的，恭亲王时期改为“神殿”，即王府举行萨满教祭祀活动的地方。

各位游客朋友，府邸西路的四合院较中、东路更为精致，主体建筑为德光室和锡晋斋，此路建筑初为和珅的住所。“葆光室”在和珅和庆王时期据推测应为客厅之类，在恭亲王时期，是一处比多福轩更为私密的客厅，能来这里的应该都是王爷的至亲好友。各位朋友请看，我们身后这栋青灰色建筑，叫后罩楼，它是恭王府中的第一绝，所谓“绝”是指其长度为各清代王府建筑规制中后罩楼之最，且楼的后沿墙上层有形状各异的砖雕什锦窗44扇。此楼为两层，每层45间，两层共计90间，拐角处有10多间未计在内，全长150多米，是国内王府类建筑最长的楼，被形容为“九十九间半”。

各位游客朋友，我们眼前的恭王府花园正门就是第二绝，造型采用舒展流畅的西洋风格，真不愧是建筑中的精品。它仿圆明园的大法海圆门制，由于圆明园已在1860年时被英法联军烧毁，所以这道门是流传至今保存最完好的汉白玉石拱门，因为两边的转花纹和花窗很有西洋建筑的味道，所以叫西洋门，是花园的第二位主人一恭亲王奕沂时期建的，恭亲王是洋务运动的倡导者之一，他希望通过学习西方国家先进技术来拯救清王朝。

各位游客朋友，现在我们看到的这座大戏楼是恭王府的第三绝，它是我国现存独一无二的全封闭式大戏楼。在清廷档案中，戏楼均称为“大戏房”。恭王府大戏楼，建于同治年间，是恭亲王及其亲友看戏的场所，建筑面积685平方米，可容纳200多人，高大宏伟，气势不凡。其建筑形式有三大特点：一是采用三卷勾连搭全封闭式结构，整个大戏楼是纯木结构，利用木质榫卯技术(抗震)。由于南北方气候的差异，纯木结构的建筑在北方历经一百余年至今保存完好是非常少见的。由于建筑结构的合理，使大楼具备良好的音响效果。楼内不装扩音设备，完全凭借演员的本色发音，音色纯正自然。二是大戏楼上上下下绘满了倒垂的藤萝，因为紫藤开的花一串一串的，象征子孙兴旺的意思。坐在戏楼里看戏，就像坐在紫藤下看戏，四季如春，以此验证了我们一进西洋门所看到的四个字“秀悒恒春”，永远像春天一样的美丽。三是大戏楼地面全部采用京砖漫地(后经修复过)。

大家好!这里是首都北京，今天，我将带领大家去北京著名的大公园——颐和园。我是你们导游，姓陈名晓晴。大家可以叫我陈导游，希望大家玩得开心，让今天成为大家难忘的一天。

游客朋友们，我们要去的颐和园，坐落在北京海淀区，距城区十五公里，占地约二百九十公顷。是北京古代皇家园林，前身为清漪园，是现存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为“皇家园林博物馆”，与承德避暑山庄、拙政园、留园并称为中国四大名园;1998年11月列入“世界遗产名录”。

游客朋友们，我们已经到颐和园，请大家注意跟上队伍，不要丢队了。绕过大殿，就来到有名的长廊，绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头，这条长廊有700多米长，被分成273间，每一间的横槛上都有一幅画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有那两幅是相同的。大家可以拍照留念。

游客朋友们，走完长廊，让我们去登万寿山。登上万寿山，站在佛香阁的前面向下望，颐和园的景色大半收在眼底。但大家不要光看景色，忘了安全，要看好小朋友哦!正前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。大家可以拍照但要小心脚下安全哦!

从万寿山下来，就是昆明湖，大家请听我介绍一下。昆明湖的前身叫瓮山泊。瓮山泊因地处北京西郊，又被人们称为西湖。因为这一带风景优美，山水俱佳，明朝一些诗人常把西湖周围地区的自然风光描绘成“宛如江南风景”，“一郡之盛观”。乾隆在昆明湖泛舟的诗中写到“何处燕山最畅情，无双风月属昆明”。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有好几座式样不同的石桥，如果感兴趣可以看一下。两岸栽着数不清的垂柳，湖中心有个小岛，我们走过长长的石桥，就可以去小岛上玩。

今天的颐和园一日游到此结束，希望大家玩得开心，欢迎大家下次再来，再见!

恭王府花园为位于恭王府后的一独具特色的花园，又名萃锦园，位于柳荫街甲14号，建于1777年，据考证是在明代旧园上重修的。全园占地面积2.8万平方米，有古建筑31处。恭亲王为重建花园调集百名能工巧匠，增置山石林木，彩画斑斓，融江南园林艺术与北方建筑格局为一体，汇西洋建筑及中国古典园林建筑为一园，建成后曾为京师百座王府之冠，是北京现存王府园林艺术的精华所在，堪称"什刹海的明珠"。其中园中的西洋门、御书"福"字碑、室内大戏楼并称恭王府"三绝"。某些红学家认为此园可能是曹雪芹笔下《红楼梦》中大观园的原型。

王府是北京规模最大、保存最完整的清代王府，位于什刹海西北角，前海西街17号，现为全国重点文物保护单位。恭王府始建于十八世纪末，早期为乾隆年间大学士和珅宅第，嘉庆四年(公元1799年)和珅获罪，宅第被没收赐与庆郡王，咸丰元年 (公元1851年)改赐给恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕?。

清代王府有严格的规制，规定亲王府有大门五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝七间，左右有配殿，形成多进四合院，不少府邸有后花园。但许多王府经历沧桑，早已面目全非，只有恭王府是北京现存最完整、布置最精的一座清代王府。著名学者侯仁之先生称之为"一座恭王府，半部清代史"。

恭王府分为平行的东、中、西三路，是世界最大的四合院。中路的三座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼，延楼东西长一百六十米，有四十余间房屋。东路和西路各有三个院落，和中路建筑遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，二十多个景区各不相同。

恭王府花园在造园手法上既有中轴线，也有对称手法。全园分为中路、东路、西路三路，成多个院落。中轴上依次是园门、飞来峰、蝠池、安善堂、方池、假山、邀月台、绿天小隐、蝠厅。中路建筑和山水基本对称，东、西两路只是山体对称，建筑不对称。整个园林由六条山龙围合:南面、东面、西面各有两山，中路后部有一山为中龙。

东路以建筑为主。东有两山南北奔趋，两山各在东南和东北转折成围合状。建筑分三个小院。，南面靠东院入，抬头是一精致垂花门，入内为狭长院落，院内当年种竹，正厅为大戏楼之后部，西厢为中路明道堂之后卷，东厢为一排厢房，院西为另一个狭长院落。入口月洞门，曰:吟香醉月。北面是东路的主体建筑大戏楼，戏楼自成一个小院，面积达685平方米，院内有前厅、观众厅、舞台、扮戏房等，厅内装饰豪华，是王府的观戏处。

西路以山水为主。西路的起始部分从飞来峰西走，在南端是两山之间的一个雄关。关名曰:榆关，榆关即长城的山海关，是长城的象征，素有天下第一关之美称，当年，清代皇帝就是从此入关，在园中设此关足以表示园主不忘记清祖从山海关入主中原的丰功伟绩。榆关之前是西路的中心大方池，方池东南角出细流折东与福河相连，大方池之中有一个方形小岛，岛上是观鱼台，以此来喻庄子濠上观鱼之乐的典故;池西是西山;池前有五间堂屋。东出抄手廊与中路滴翠岩的曲廊相接。

全园以福字贯穿，表明主题明显。山势围合有新意，榆关雄峙也有新意，但东部建筑较多，中部曲廊的围合也不够有机，特别是理水较差。从堆石、建筑、植物、格局上看仍有北方园林特点。

恭王府位于什刹海北岸的恭王府是世界最大的四合院，也是今日北京城里，60余座清代王府中保存最完整的一个。分为平行的东、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼。延楼东西长160米，有40余间房屋。东路和西路各有3个院落，和中路遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，20多个景区各不相同。

恭王府是清道光帝第六子恭忠亲王府第。前身为乾隆时大学士和砷的邸宅。嘉庆四年(1799年)和砷获罪，邸宅入官，嘉庆帝将其一部分赐给其弟庆僖亲王永磷，是为庆王府。以后咸丰市将庆王府收回，转赐其弟奕沂，是为恭王府。咸丰、同治年间曾整修，并在府后添建花园。

由于恭王府有着某些《红楼梦》中所描绘的景物，因此有人说恭王府花园是大观园的蓝本。但是，许多人又提出了不同的意见。

王府的主人奕诉，是一等贵族，所以他的府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高格制，显示其不可逾越的等级，明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。亲王府有门脸5间，正殿7间，后殿5间，后寝7间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能替越的。

恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建的庆颐堂模仿了皇帝的宁寿宫，皇帝“加恩赐令自尽”时，这就是其中的一条罪状。

恭王府的建筑，可分为府邸和花园两部分。府邸占地46.5亩，分为中东西三路，各由多进四合院组成，后面环抱着长160余米的通脊二层后罩楼。楼后为花园，占地38.6亩，园内建筑也约略形成中东西三路，园中散置了叠石假山，曲廊亭榭，池塘花木。

中路前部是面阔3间的大门和面阔5间的二门，门里原有正殿银安殿，已毁，现存后殿，即嘉乐堂;东路由三进四合院组成，是恭亲王奕折的起居生活用房;西路正房为锡晋斋，院宇宏大，廊点周接，气派非凡。在三路院落之后，环抱东西长160米的40余间两层后楼，东边名瞻雾楼，西边名宝约楼。楼后即花园--苹锦园，俗称恭王府花园，占地2.8万平方米。园内建筑分中东酉三路，也有约略的轴线，散置叠石假山、曲廊亭榭、水池花木。主要建筑有蝎殿、邀月台、大戏台、沁秋亭等。

各位朋友,先自我介绍一下…….今天我将带大家参观故宫博物院,现在我先为大家作个简单介绍.

故宫位于北京市城区中心,是明、清两代的皇宫,是当今世界上现存规模最大、建筑最雄伟、保存最完整的古代皇家宫殿.故宫又叫紫禁城.紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心,它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群,成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证.1987年,北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》.

故宫座北朝南,开有四条门.各位朋友,这里就是故宫的正门,叫午门,意思是正午的太阳光芒四射.各位请看!在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼,楼顶飞檐翅起,从上面看就象五只展翅欲飞的凤凰,故午门又称五凤楼.它建成于公元1420年,位于端门之北,雄伟壮观.

各位朋友,现在我们已经进入故宫.这里是故宫第一进院落,首先出现在我们面前的是五座汉白玉石桥,它们象征五德,即仁、义、礼、智、信,是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思.金水桥下是内金水河,跨过金水桥就来到了太和门广场,这里就是明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方.

好,下面请各位去参观末代皇帝溥仪举行登基大典礼的太和殿.现在我们来到了故宫中最重要的院落--太和殿及其广场,这里就是皇家举行盛大典礼的地方.好!这里可以拍下远处太和殿的全景,各位可以在此留个影,过一会儿,我再给大家介绍一下太和殿.

各位朋友,我们眼前的太和殿是整座紫禁城内级别最高的建筑,只有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用,象征皇权的至高无上,太和殿俗称金銮殿,是我国现存木结构大殿的杰出典范之作.太和殿始建于公元1420年,当时叫奉天殿.后来,该叫皇极殿.清顺治皇帝登基后,重修三大殿,并将皇极殿改为太和殿.

太和殿高35米,东西长64米,南北宽33米,面积为2377平方米.它面阔十一间,进深5间,规模为紫禁城内大殿之最.装饰用的彩绘为最高等级的金龙和玺.殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶,就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的,总之处处显示“第一”,那是皇帝认为“老子天下第一”思想的体现.

看完了太和殿,我们再来看中和殿.大家请看!中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方.下面,请大家跟我来一起参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿.

各位朋友,这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的最后一座大殿,叫保和殿.这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考场,自乾隆皇帝以后,这里便成为每四年一次的皇家科举考场.

好啦!故宫的前三殿讲解到此结束,现在请大家参观保和殿并稍适休息,我们10分钟后集合,谢谢大家!

各位,故宫整个院落分为两大部分,即“前朝”和“后寝”.“前朝”是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方,以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主.“后寝”是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方,主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主.现在,我介绍一下故宫的后半部分,即“后寝”.

各位朋友,现在我们来到了乾清宫,这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方.乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分.正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方,殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案,正中挂着一块“正大光明”匾,那是清朝皇帝的祖训,作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则.东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方.

由于时间关系,我们就先讲到这里,现在请各位随我去参观交泰殿.各位请看,这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿,这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方.在大殿后墙匾额上有“无为”二字,那里是康熙皇帝的御笔,意思是希望后代能够以德制国,施以仁政,以图国家长治久安.

各位朋友,现在我们来到了紫禁城的后花园--御花园,这里是帝后们的休闲娱乐的场所.大家可以在这座名字叫堆秀山的假山前拍照留念.

好啦,各位朋友,故宫中路的讲解到此结束.

嗨!大家好，我是大家的导游__,今日由我带领大家游览世界文化遗产—风景优美的颐和园，希望大家玩得愉快，玩得尽兴。

进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，就来到有名的长廊。这条长廊有720米长，分成273间，每一间的横槛上都画着五彩的画，画着人物、画草、风景，以及一些历史故事和神话传说。

游客们现在我们到万寿山脚下了，你瞧那是不是有一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰那就是佛香阁，下面那一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排去殿。

从万寿山下来就是昆明湖，昆明湖有270平方米，昆明湖中心有个小岛，游客们只要走过长长的石桥就可以到小岛上玩，这桥有十七个孔叫十七孔桥。十七孔桥上有上百根石柱，每根石柱上都雕刻着一只小狮子。大家快来看，这只小狮子威风凛凛，好像在辽阔的草原上狩猎。这只狮子也很有趣，埋着头，好像在享用"美餐".小朋友快来看，这只狮子瞪大眼睛，像不像在欣赏颐和园的美景啊?

颐和园处处有美丽的景色，我也不一一说了。下面请大家自由欣赏，要保护环境，不能破坏公共财物，游客如果有带小孩的请看好自己的孩子以免丢失、走散，中午十二点在十七桥集合。

今日的旅游到此为止，希望今日颐和园的旅程在这次北京之旅中留下永恒的记忆。我衷心祝大家旅游愉快!游客们，再见!

北京，是中国六朝古都，历史源远流长，保存着较为完整的古代建筑格局。北京，是中华人民共和国的首都，简称京，是中国的政治、文化和国际交往的中心，由此北京有着丰富多彩的古代、现代的人文景观，有着博大精深的文化底蕴。

北京全市面积16807.8平方公里，在北面有军都山，西面有西山，与河北交界的东灵山海拔2303米是北京市的最高峰。境内有密云水库、怀柔水库和十三陵水库；其他还有潮白河、北运河、永定河、拒马河和汤河五大河。

北京的气候属于温带大陆性季风性气候，季节分明：春季略有风沙，气温偏低。夏季炎热，有阵雨。秋季天气晴朗、温和，天高气爽，是旅游的黄金季节；但深秋早晚较凉，中午较热。冬季气候干燥、寒冷，雪较少。

来北京观光旅游不能错过具有北京特色的风味小吃和悠久历史的名吃。名吃有北京烤鸭、涮羊肉、宫廷菜。

北京的特产有：王麻子刀剪、安宫牛黄丸、秋梨膏、果脯蜜饯、茯苓夹饼、六必居酱菜。土产有：京白梨、盖柿、良乡板栗、山楂、核桃、密云小枣、杏。

大家好!我是邱林，我很荣幸担任北京天坛的导游，有不懂的可以随时来找我帮忙，现在我们继续沿着中轴线行走，面前的建筑叫做天库，而它的正殿就是皇穹宇。皇穹宇建于明嘉靖九年，起初叫做泰神殿，到了十七年，改名为现在的皇穹宇，它的作用就是在平日存放圜丘坛祭祀主神的地方，所以这里也叫圜丘坛寝宫。殿内正面的圆形石台上安放的就是皇天上帝的神牌，而前边两侧的四个方形石台上安放的则是八位祖先神主，还有东西配殿用来存放从祀神位。而皇穹宇三个字也分别代表了至高无上，天，宇宙的意思，更加显示出它的神圣和至尊。

它是一座建筑艺术价值非常高的殿宇，总体呈圆形，下边是高2。85米的圆形须弥座，为青白石筑成，有东南西三个方向的出陛，也就是台阶，而在南向出陛还有二龙戏珠的丹陛石。上边是蓝色筒瓦单檐攒尖鎏金宝顶。而在殿内还有八根檐柱和八根金柱，大殿上架没有横梁承托，全都是靠各类斗拱层层上叠来支撑，步步收缩，从而形成了精美的穹隆圆顶。这里边还运用了物理学中的杠杆原理。这组建筑不仅十分精美，而且还有回音壁和三音石，这和刚才我们说的天心石合称天坛三大声学现象。回音壁就是皇穹宇的外墙，围墙建造的磨砖对缝，十分的平滑，是很好的声音载体。

Prince Gongs residence is located in Qianhai West Street, XichengDistrict, Beijing. It is the largest palace in Qing Dynasty. It was successivelyused as the residence of the corrupt official and Prince Qing. Later, it wasgiven to Prince Gong Yixin, hence the name of Prince Gongs residence, which isstill in use today. Prince Gongs residence has gone through the historicalprocess of the Qing Dynasty from its heyday to its decline, so there is a sayingthat "a Prince Gongs residence, half of the history of the Qing Dynasty".

&This is the description of Prince Gongs residence in historicalbooks. In terms of its location, it occupies an excellent position in thecapital. The ancients paid great attention to Fengshui in building houses andgardens. It is said that there are two dragon veins in Beijing. One is the EarthDragon, which is the dragon vein of the Forbidden City; the other is the waterdragon, which refers to the line between Houhai and Beihai. Prince Gongsresidence is just on the connecting line between Houhai and Beihai, which is thedragon vein. Therefore, Fengshui is very good. The ancients took water as theirwealth. They found water everywhere in Prince Gongs mansion. The water of thelargest pavilion in the center of the lake was introduced from Yuquan lake, andit only entered but did not flow out. Therefore, it is more in line with thetheory of geomantic omen. Chinas top ten marshals and Guo Moruo and others alllived near Prince Gongs residence and lived a long life. It is said that theplace with the largest number of long-lived people in Beijing is near PrinceGongs residence. This place is really a treasure land of geomantic omen.

Prince Gongs mansion is composed of two parts: Mansion and garden. It isabout 330 meters long from north to South and 180 meters wide from east to west.It covers an area of 61120 square meters, including 32260 square meters ofmansion and 28860 square meters of garden. The mansion is not only spacious, butalso the highest standard of architecture. The obvious signs are the front doorand the number of houses. There are five front rooms, seven main rooms, fiveback rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room on the left and right. There mustbe no more royal mansions than these. The form of the house and the color of thetiles should not exceed the standard. There are three courtyards in the middle,East and West roads of Prince Gongs mansion, and the back two courtyards ofeach road are the main areas for people to visit.

The mansion building is divided into East, middle and West roads, each ofwhich is composed of multiple courtyard buildings running through the strictcentral axis from south to north.

The main buildings on the middle road are yinan hall and Jiale hall. Theroof of the hall is green glazed tiles, which shows the majesty of the middleroad and the identity of the prince. The front courtyard of East Road is calledduofuxuan. In front of the hall, there is a vine that has been growing for morethan 200 years. It is still growing very well. It is extremely rare in thecapital. The main room of the backyard on East Road is called "ledotang", whichwas the living place of Prince Gong Yi Xin. The siheyuan on the west road isrelatively small and exquisite. The main buildings are Baoguang room andxijinzhai. The most exquisite work is xijinzhai, which belongs to thehigh-profile school. There are exquisitely carved sections of Nanmu in the hall,which is in the style of ningshou palace in the Forbidden City (this is one ofthe "twenty crimes" of Hezhens being condemned to death). In the deepest partof the mansion, there is a two-story back cover building, 156 meters long fromeast to west. There are 88 windows on the back wall. There are 108 rooms in thebuilding, commonly known as "99 rooms and a half", which means "when you getthere, you will get rich".

Its called "Langrun garden" or "cuijin garden". Its commonly known asGongwangfu garden. Wandering in the garden is like walking in the mountains andrivers. Echoing the residence, the garden is also divided into East, West andEast. The entrance of the middle road is a white marble arched stone gate withwestern architectural style, centered on the stele of "Fu" written by EmperorKangxi, with dulefeng and bat pool in front and green sky Xiaoyin and bat hallin the back. The layout is memorable. The Grand Theater Hall on the east road isdecorated with fresh and beautiful decoration. The purple flowers of twigs andvines are in full bloom, making people feel like watching the Opera under thevines. At the south end of the theater, the Ming daozhai, the winding pathleading to seclusion, the hanging green Yue, the singing fragrance and thedrunken moon, and the Liubei Pavilion constitute the garden in the garden. Inthe garden, there are towering ancient trees, lots of strange rocks, wateraround the mountains, pavilions, pavilions and corridors. The landscape of thegarden under the moonlight is ever-changing, with a unique cave. Many Chineseand foreign tourists come here, looking for the past of green mountains, clearwaters and winding paths.

Prince Gongs residence, located in Qianhai West Street, was built in 1776& mdash; 1785. It was originally the private residence of He Li, a favoriteMinister of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. After he Li was killed in Jiaqing forcorruption, the private residence here was given to King Qing. During the reignof Tongzhi, because Prince Gong Yixin cooperated with Cixi to launch a coup,Empress Dowager Cixi gave the house to him and became Prince Gongsresidence.

The hall of silver Luan is the main building of Prince Gongs residence. Asthe main hall of the palace, it can only be opened when there are importantevents and festivals, which plays a role of etiquette. In the early years of theRepublic of China, due to an accidental fire, the main hall was burned togetherwith the East and west side halls. Now the courtyard of yinan hall isrebuilt.

The architecture in the period of Hetao. There is a plaque on the side ofJiale hall. It is suspected that the plaque was given to Hezhen by EmperorQianlong, but there is no money and seal on the plaque, so there is no reason toconfirm it. However, Hezhen has jialetang poetry anthology, which indicates thatit is the room name of Hezhen. In the period of Prince Gong, Jiale hall wasmainly used as the sacrificial place of the Royal Palace, where the tablets ofancestors and gods were offered, and Shamanism was the main ritual. PrinceGongs mansion covers an area of about 60000 square meters. It is divided intotwo parts: the mansion and the garden. It has more than 30 buildings of varioustypes, with exquisite layout and extraordinary style. Its garden, also known asjincui garden, has a high artistic level in layout and design. The gardenimitates the palace of peaceful longevity in the imperial palace. The park issurrounded by rockeries in the shape of "mountain". In the East, South and West,there are mounds of earth and stone. In the middle of the road, there are cavesand gullies made of Fangshan stone. The top platform becomes the highest pointof the whole garden. From a high position, you can see the whole garden. PrinceGongs mansion was rebuilt on the basis of the officials residence. Among the20 major crimes he convicted in that year, there was the problem of "potentialwaste and overstepping the system" about the decoration of the eaves. Forexample, the 13th section of the article "found that the house of he had a nanmuhall, and its multi box structure and partition doors and windows imitated thesystem of ningshou Palace";. Therefore, the decoration of the eaves of PrinceGongs residence is unique in the culture of Prince Gongs residence

1、 It has the highest specifications and can be compared with the palacebuildings

The decoration of the eaves of the main halls of Prince Gongs mansion isnot only duobaoge and partition, but also xianlou and the sacrificial stove withPilu hat in the temple. And has the indoor rockery pool, the decoration becomesthe indoor small garden, is ingenious.

2、 There are many forms

From the leitu, we can see that there were more than 20 buildings decoratedwith inner eaves in those years, and there were many types, such as taishibi,throne bed, blue gauze cabinet, sacrificial stove, Wanzi Kang, several legscover, floor cover, Kang cover, true and false door, xianlou, shuge, duobaoge,shunshan Kang, front and back eaves Kang, etc.

3、 Flexible demarcation and rich space:

The main halls of Prince Gongs mansion are composed of solemn and solemnopen space, private space, symmetrical space, asymmetric space and flexiblespace. Some are suitable to receive senior guests, some are used for Shamanismsacrificial activities, some are suitable for daily life, and some are used assleep, so different space needs are appropriate.

4、 Exquisite workmanship and superb skills:

It can be seen from the decoration remains of Prince Gongs mansion thathardwood is used. The processed wood can be made into small sections, and thecarving patterns are undulating accurately. Moreover, various kinds of wagonscan be made by using circles or curves. Only on the basis of fine processing canit be completed. The construction difficulty is amazing. Unfortunately, most ofthe original eaves decoration of Prince Gongs mansion has disappeared. Today,through the study of the culture of Prince Gongs mansion, we should furtherexcavate it, combine with the future exhibition requirements of the Museum ofPrince Gongs mansion, and reproduce the glory of that year.

In 1776, the 41st year of Emperor Qianlongs reign, He Lin began to buildhis luxurious house, which was called "he di";. It is said that during the reignof emperor Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty, Li Guang, the great eunuch, was onceplaced here. On the third day of the first month of the fourth year of Jiaqing,Emperor Hongli returned to heaven. On the next day, Jiaqing stripped theMinister of military aircraft and the governor of Jiumen from his home. It isestimated that his total wealth is about 800 million taels of silver, which isequivalent to the fiscal revenue of the Qing government for 15 years. Therefore,there is a saying that "when he falls, Jiaqing is satisfied.". On February 22,1799, on the 18th of the first month of the same year, he was ordered to commitsuicide;. The house itself, however, is owned by Prince Qingyu, his youngerbrother.

At the same time, Qianlongs daughter and Princess Xiao, who were marriedto the son of Hetao, still lived in half the house. In 1851, the first year ofXianfeng, Prince Gong Yi, an important political figure in the late QingDynasty, became the third generation owner of the house and changed its name toPrince Gongs house, which is still in use today. &"A Prince Gongs mansion,half of the history of Qing Dynasty" is the evaluation of Prince Gongs Mansionby Hou Renzhi, a historical geographer. In the early years of the Republic ofChina, the palace was sold to the church by Prince Gongs grandson Pu Wei for400000 yuan. Later, it was redeemed by Furen university with 108 gold bars andused as a school for girls. After the founding of new China, Wangfu has beenused by dormitories of the Ministry of public security, fan factories,conservatory of music and other units.

Prince Gongs mansion is the most complete preserved building complex inChina, which is divided into two parts: the mansion and the garden, with themansion in the front and the garden in the back. The opening of Prince Gongsresidence was put on the agenda as early as 30 years ago. In 1975, Premier Zhouentrusted Gu Mu with three unfinished tasks in his hospital bed, one of whichwas the opening of Prince Gongs residence.

Prince Gongs residence was built in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of theQing Dynasty. It was the private residence of Heshi, a bachelor.

In the early years of Tongzhi, Yixin, the third generation of the hosthere, was the king of politics and the leader of the military plane. He was verypowerful and distinguished for a time. He built the mansion and renovated thepart of the mansion. It was at that time that the architectural scale andpattern of Prince Gongs mansion was finally formed.

The first half of Prince Gongs mansion is a magnificent mansion, and thesecond half is a deep and beautiful classical garden, covering an area of nearly60000 square meters. The mansion is dignified and solemn, simple and elegant,with bright corridors and ridges. It is second only to the imperial palace. Thecuijin garden at the back of the mansion is surrounded by water and mountains,with towering ancient trees, winding corridors, pavilions and pavilions.

According to the existing literature, in this Fengshui treasure land on theWest Bank of Qianhai in the capital, surrounded by "panlongshui", there was alarge-scale temple in the yuan and Ming Dynasties, which was full of incense andfull of visitors. Even the emperor came here to worship the Buddha. It was onlyin the middle of the 16th century that the temple was gradually abandoned andreduced to a supply factory of the Ming Dynasty. After the Qing Dynasty came toBeijing, a number of courtyards of different sizes were built here for ordinarybanners such as the house of internal affairs.

Around the 40th year of Emperor Qianlongs reign, He Lin, who was red andpurple in front of the emperor, fell in love with this Fengshui treasure land,which is surrounded by water, connected to the western mountains, and not farfrom the emperors home. He bought many properties here at a high price andbuilt them into famous "and" Di ";.

Prince Gongs residence is known as "half of the history of Qing Dynasty",which is closely related to the three generations of owners living here. As weall know, the first generation of government leader he Lu was a Zaifu and abachelor in the late Qianlong period. He was also a famous corrupt official inhistory. He attracted peoples attention in the history of the Qing Dynasty, andthere were so many legends about him. In particular, his son, Fengshen Yin De,later married the youngest daughter of Emperor Qianlong, Gu Lun, and PrincessXiao, which made the mansion a real princess house for a while;

In the fourth year of Jiaqing, he Zhen died for his crime, so the emperorof Jiaqing gave the house to his younger brother Yongzhen, the king of Qingjun.Yongli is probably the most beloved of all the owners of this mansion. As earlyas when he Lin was in power, all the princes of Qianlong agreed that no matterwho became emperor in the future, he would be killed. But the 17th PrinceYonglin said: "no matter which elder brother becomes emperor in the future, Iwill be satisfied if he Lins mansion is awarded to me!";

When it comes to Yongyao, many people are not familiar with him. But whenit comes to his grandson, Yizhe, the prince of Qing who signed the "Treaty ofsorrow and Disgrace" with Li Hongzhang and the Allied forces of the eightcountries, Im afraid everyone knows about him. Yi Zhe is also a famous corruptofficial in modern Chinese history, but compared with the cowardly andincompetent Bailey in the late Qing Dynasty, he is still a man who dares to beresponsible and can entrust heavy responsibilities. Therefore, since the TongzhiDynasty, Yi zhe has been favored by Empress Dowager Cixi. Before Xianfengchanged his residence to Prince Gong, he lived here as a general of theauxiliary country.

As for Prince Gong Yixin, he was one of the most important politicalfigures in modern Chinese history. He participated in the second Opium War andalmost all the major political activities after it (1853-1898). During the"Xinyou coup", he helped Cixi to the throne of "hanging curtain to listen topolitics"; It is no exaggeration to say that without Yi Xin, the whole modernChinese history, and even the later Chinese history, would have beenrewritten.

If all things in the world are spiritual, then this beautiful buildingsurrounded by "panlongshui" is destined to be a miserable garden full of sadtemperament and ill fated from the day it was born.

In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), after he was executed, EmperorJiaqing gave the west half of the mansion to his seventeen younger brotherYongyu, who only wanted to live in hes house but not in the emperors seat. Thereason why they only gave him half of them was that the Emperor Qianlongs tenprincesses and their son-in-law, Fengshen Yinde, lived there at that time.

Princess Hexiao is the most legendary princess in the whole history of QingDynasty. Her biological mother is Wangs favorite concubine in the late years ofEmperor Qianlong. In the first month of Qianlongs 40th year, when the youngestdaughter came to the world, whose temperament and appearance all resembled herfathers, the emperor was already 65 years old. Although the ten princesses werewomen, they were born with divine power. They could open ten strong bows andoften rode with their father in hunting. As a result, Qianlong loved her morethan all his children. He sighed more than once: "if you are an elder brother,the throne will belong to you in the future!" indeed, the ten princesses werenot only excellent in martial arts, but also had an extraordinary mind. When hewas happy, his son-in-law relied on his father-in-law and behaved delicatelyEven though, the princess once sternly reprimanded him: "you, Amar, have beengracious to my father. You dont want to repay him, but you only know how totake bribes. Im worried about you. On the day when my wealth is not guaranteed,even I will be affected by you“

Although the ten Princesses words were unfortunately right, EmperorJiaqing still remembered his brother and sisters love and did not deprive himof the title of his younger sister husband. The princess and his wife stilllived in their original home. Therefore, the house was divided into two parts:QingWangs house in the West and princesss house in the East. It was not untilSeptember 1823, when the tenth Princess died, that the whole house came underthe name of QingWang. At that time, Yongyu had been dead for more than threeyears;

After 1911, according to the regulations of the government of the Republicof China on preferential treatment of Qing Dynasty, the palace became theprivate property of the owner. Later, because of the political turmoil and thedifficulties of livelihood, the posterity kings and grandchildren came intobeing one after another