介绍北京的导游英语作文【优秀20篇】

Hello everyone! Welcome to Badaling scenic spot for sightseeing. Im veryglad to accompany you today. I hope you can have a good time in Badaling.

The Great Wall is a magnificent defensive building in ancient China. Itstarts from Shanhaiguan in the East and ends at Jiayuguan in the west, and runsacross the north of China. Winding more than 12000 Li, it is famous for the"Great Wall". It was listed in the world cultural heritage list in 1987. It iscalled "the longest defensive wall in the world" by experts and scholars.

The first time that China built the Great Wall was in the spring and AutumnPeriod in the 7th century BC, and the earliest country to build the Great Wallwas the state of Chu. The great wall of the state of Chu is called "Fangcheng"in historical records, with a length of nearly a thousand li. Qi was also one ofthe earliest states to build the Great Wall. The great wall of Qi started fromPingyin in Shandong Province in the West and entered the sea in the East. It isthe most preserved site of the Great Wall in the spring and Autumn period.

Qin Shihuang was born in 220 BC__ After the unification of China in 1949,the old Great Wall in the north of Qin, Zhao and Yan was first repaired. At thecost of "building a city of thousands of miles and building a people ofthousands of miles", he began to build the Great Wall, which is more than 7000kilometers long, from Lintao in the west to Liaodong in the East. Since then,the Great Wall has stood in the east of the world, experiencing thousands ofyears of wind, frost, rain and snow.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, in order to resist aggression and protectthe newly developed "Silk Road". It has built a great wall of more than 10000kilometers from Lop Nor in Xinjiang in the west to Liaodong in the East. This isalso the longest Great Wall in the history of our country.

After the establishment of Ming Dynasty, it faced the threat of Mongoliaand Jurchen. From the beginning of Zhu Yuanzhang, General Xu Da was sent northto build the Great Wall. Until the end of Ming Dynasty, it was overhauled 18times, lasting more than 260 years. Until Hongzhi 20__ In, it was completed fromthe Yalu River in the east to Jiayuguan in the West. Through Liaoning, Hebei,Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu and other provinces andautonomous regions. The Great Wall is more than 12700 Li long. And along theGreat Wall is divided into nine defense areas, known as "nine sides and ninetowns". Moreover, in many important pass areas, especially in the north ofBeijing City, multiple walls were built. These are the Badaling Great Wall wesee now.

The scale of the Great Wall built in the Qin, Han and Ming Dynasties is thelargest compared with other dynasties. So the three construction climaxes inhistory are the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty.

Now, let me introduce the Badaling Great Wall. Badaling Great Wall islocated in Yanqing County, northwest of Beijing. It is the best preservedsection of the Great Wall in Beijing with the best engineering quality and themost rigorous structure. This section of the great wall takes the urn city asthe center, reaching the seventh floor in the South and the twelfth floor in thenorth, with a total length of 4770 meters. It is the only channel leading to theoutside of the Great Wall in Beijing area and the front position of Juyongguan.From here, you can reach Yongning and Sihai in the East, Xuanhua and Datong inthe west, Jingcheng in the south, Yanqing in the north and Badaling in alldirections. Badaling pass was built in 1520__ The city is 7.5 meters high and 4meters thick. There is a plaque on each of the East and West gates, with "JuyongWai Town" in the East and "north gate lock key" in the West. At the entrance ofGuancheng, there is a cannon with a length of 2.85 meters and a caliber of 10.5cm, which is called "Shenwei general". Now lets look at the wall of the GreatWall in Badaling. This section of the city wall is about 5.8 meters narrow atthe top and 6.5 meters wide at the bottom. It consists of four basic structures.1、 City wall, two, city tower, three, pass, four, beacon tower. There is aticket door in the wall and a stone ladder in the middle. The top can hold 5horses in parallel. Beacon tower is also known as beacon, beacon, wolf Yantai.It is independent of the city wall, almost every other mile there is a, composedof the Great Wall defense alarm system.

Whenever enemy troops invade, the beacon towers burn beacon fires to conveymilitary information. Burning smoke during the day is called beacon. At night afire is called a flint. And because wolf dung is often used as fuel, the smokeis high and hard to dissipate, so it is also called "wolf smoke". Moreover, itwas stipulated in the Ming Dynasty. More than 100 of the invading soldiers lit acigarette and fired a gun, about 500 soldiers fired two cigarettes and two guns,more than 1000 soldiers fired three cigarettes and three guns, more than 5000soldiers fired four cigarettes and four guns, if more than 10000 soldiers wereinvolved, five cigarettes and five guns.

From Badaling to the south is the famous Xiongguan, Juyong Pass. JuyongPass is one of the most famous passes of the great wall and an important barrierto the northwest of ancient Beijing. It got its name from Qin Shihuangsconstruction of the Great Wall. That is to say, the prisoners and the people whohave been punished in the palace are caught here to let them build the GreatWall. And lived. Juyongguan was called juyongsai in Han Dynasty and junduguan inSui Dynasty. When it was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty, it became the strongestsection of the Ming Great Wall. There are both military headquarters andadministrative organizations here. Juyong Pass in ancient times was also lushwith extraordinary scenery. Juyong jucui, one of the eight famous scenic spotsin Yanjing, refers to this place. In addition, there are many places ofinterest, such as Yang LIULANGs Shuanmazhuang, Mu Guiyings dianjiangtai, andbaifengzhong, where dragons and phoenixes play. Not only that, but also JuyongGuanzhong has a white jade platform, called Yuntai, which was built in 1345.Because there were three Tibetan pagodas built on the stage and the couponsunder the stage, it was originally called "crossing the street pagoda". In theearly Ming Dynasty, the pagoda was destroyed, and then the Taian temple wasbuilt. In the early Qing Dynasty, the temple was destroyed again, and now thereare only pillar bases and watchposts. There are also six kinds of seal cuttingscriptures in Sanskrit, Tibetan and basiba on the inner wall, which areimportant objects for studying ancient Chinese characters.

Having said so much, let me tell you a story to relax. The name of thestory is called "Meng Jiangnu crying the Great Wall". Its about Qin Shihuangbuilding the Great Wall. At that time, in order to speed up the project, itbegan to draw civil servants from all over the country. Meng Jiangnus husband,fan Qiliang, was also transferred to build the Great Wall soon after herwedding.

In the twinkling of an eye, three years later, fan Qiliang never heard fromhim. Meng Jiangnu couldnt eat well and sleep well. Suddenly, one night. MengJiangnu had a dream that her husband was hungry and cold, and his clothes didntcover her body. She kept shouting "Im cold, Im hungry!" Meng Jiangnu woke upand decided to go to her husband, and brought him dry food and warm clothes. Allthe way along the Great Wall in search of his husband. She went to Shanhaiguanto find out that many people had died to build the Great Wall. Her husband, fanQiliang, was also tired to death and buried under the Great Wall. This news islike a bolt from the blue, Meng Jiangnu immediately began to cry, crying earthshaking, sections of the great wall collapsed, eight hundred miles long. Now theproject manager was in a hurry to report to Qin Shihuang who was coming here toinspect the progress of the project. The first emperor of Qin sent someone toarrest Meng Jiangnu to find out the reason. After seeing her, Qin Shihuang wasfascinated by her beauty and insisted on calling her "empress Zhenggong".Although Meng Jiangnu was full of anger, she still held down her hatred and hadan idea. She had to ask Qin Shihuang to agree to her three conditions before shecould become the "Empress of the palace". The first is to find the body of hishusband fan Qiliang; the second is to hold a state funeral for his husband; andthe third is to ask the first emperor of Qin to wear mourning and flag for fanQiliang. After listening to the three conditions proposed by Meng Jiangnu, thefirst emperor of Qin thought for a moment. In order to get the beautiful MengJiangnu, he insisted. Meng Jiangnu, wearing filial piety, paid homage to thetomb of fan Zhaliang, who died for the construction of the city. Her longcherished wish was fulfilled. Facing the rolling Bohai Sea, she jumped up andthrew herself into the sea.

At the end of the story, do you think Qin Shihuang is fatuous andoverbearing? Lets ignore him first. Start climbing the great wall and be ahero!!

大家好!欢迎大家到八达岭景区观光旅游。今天有幸陪同大家一起参观，我很高兴，希望各位能在八达岭度过一段美好的时光。

长城是我们古代一项极为雄伟的防御性建筑，它东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，横贯我国北部。婉蜒一万两千多里，故以“万里长城”闻名于世。并于1987年被列入《世界文化遗产名录》。被专家学者们称为“世界上最长的防御性城墙”。

中国最早修建长城是在公元前7世纪的春秋时期，最早修筑长城的国家是楚国。楚国长城在历史文献记载上称作“方城”，长度近千里。齐国也是诸侯国中修筑长城较早的国家，齐长城西起山东平阴，东入大海。是春秋时期长城中遗址保存最多的。

秦始皇于公元前220__年统一中国后，先修缮了秦、赵、燕三国北部的部分旧长城。并开始以“修万里城，筑万里人”的代价修建西起临洮、东到辽东，长达7000多千米的长城。从此万里长城巍然屹立于世界的东方，经历千百年的风霜雨雪。

西汉初期，为了抵御侵略和保护新开发的“丝绸之路”。修筑了西起新疆罗布泊，东到辽东，长达一万多千米的长城。这也是我国历史上最长的一条长城。

明朝建立后，面对蒙古和女真的威胁。从朱元璋开始就派大将徐达北上修筑长城。直到明朝灭亡，先后大修十八次，历时260余年。直到弘治20__年，才完成了东起鸭绿江边，西到嘉峪关。途经辽宁、河北、北京、山西、陕西、内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃等省市自治区。全长12700多里的长城。并把长城沿线划分为九个防御区域，称为“九边九镇”。而且还在许多重要关隘地区，特别是北京城的北面，修筑了多重城墙。这些就是我们现在所看到的八达岭长城了。

秦、汉、明三朝在历史上修筑长城的规模，相比其他朝代来讲是最大的。所以说在历史上的三次修筑高潮就是秦朝、汉朝、明朝。

现在，我就来介绍一下八达岭长城。八达岭长城位于北京西北部的延庆县，是北京地区长城中保存最完好，工程质量最佳，结构最严谨的一段。这段长城以瓮城为中心，南至七楼，北到十二楼，全长4770米。它是北京地区通向塞外的唯一通道，是居庸关的前沿阵地。由此地东可到永宁、四海，西可到宣化、大同，南可抵京城，北可通延庆，四通八达，所以叫做八达岭。八达岭关城建于1520__年，城高7.5米，厚4米。东西两门各有一块牌匾，东为“居庸外镇”，西为“北门锁钥”。关城入口处有一尊长2.85米，口径10.5厘米的大炮名叫“神威大将军”。现在请大家看八达岭这段长城的城墙。这段城墙上窄下宽，上窄约5.8米，下宽约6.5米。分别由四种基本构造构成。一、城墙，二、城台，三、关隘，四、烽火台。墙内有券门，中间有石梯相连。顶部可容5匹马并行。烽火台又称烽堠、烽燧、狼烟台。它独立于城墙之外，几乎每隔一里就有一座，组成了万里长城的防御报警系统。

每当有敌兵进犯的时候，烽火台就燃烽火，传递军情。白天燃烟称烽。夜晚举火称燧。又因为经常用狼粪做燃料，烟飘的高又不易消散，所以也叫做“狼烟”。而且，在明朝规定。来犯敌兵百余人点一烟放一炮，五百人左右两烟两炮，千余人以上三烟三炮，五千人以上四烟四炮，如果事万人以上，五烟五炮。

从八达岭一直向南，就是著名的雄关——居庸关了。居庸关是万里长城最有名的关隘之一，为古代北京西北的重要屏障。以秦始皇修长城“徙居庸徒于此”而得名。也就是说把囚犯、和受过宫刑的人，抓到这里来让他们修长城。并且居住了下来。居庸关在汉朝时叫居庸塞，隋朝叫军都关。到了明朝重新修筑后，成了明长城中最坚固的一段。这里既有军事指挥部、又有行政管理机构。古时的居庸关同样林木葱郁，景致非凡，著名的燕京八景之一“居庸叠翠”指的就是这里了。除此之外还有许多名胜古迹，象杨六郎的栓马桩、穆桂英的点将台、游龙戏凤的白凤冢等七十二处名胜。不但如此，而且居庸关中还有一座始建于1345年的汉白玉高台，人称云台。因台上曾建有3座藏式佛塔，台下为券门，故原称“过街塔”。明初佛塔被毁，后又建泰安寺。清朝前期，寺又被毁，现仅有柱础和望柱。内壁还留有用梵文、藏文、八思巴文等6种文字篆刻的经文，是研究我国古代文字的重要实物。

说了这么多了，下面我给大家讲一个故事来放松一下。故事的名字呢就叫做“孟姜女哭长城”。说的是秦始皇修筑长城的事。当时为了加快工程速度，又开始在全国各地抽调民夫。孟姜女的丈夫范杞梁在新婚不久，也被抽调去充当修长城的民夫了。

转眼三年过去了，范杞梁杳无音信，急得孟姜女吃不好睡不香。突然，有一天夜里。孟姜女做梦，梦到他的丈夫饥寒交迫，衣不遮体，还不停的喊“我冷啊，我饿呀!”孟姜女惊醒后决定去找丈夫，并给他带上了干粮和御寒的衣服。一路沿着长城寻找他的丈夫。她四处打听，走到山海关才知道，为修长城死了很多人，丈夫范杞梁也被累死了，并埋在长城下，尸骨都找不到。这一消息如同晴天霹雳，孟姜女顿时就伤心地痛哭起来，哭得惊天动地，长城一段段的倒塌，足有八百里长。这下可急坏了工程总管，急忙去报告正来此巡查工程进展的秦始皇。秦始皇赶忙派人把孟姜女抓来寻问根由。当见到之后，秦始皇却被她的美貌迷住了，非要封她为"正宫娘娘"。孟姜女虽然怒火满腔，但还是压住心头仇恨，灵机一动，将计就计地非要秦始皇答应她三个条件，之后才能当"正宫娘娘"。一要找到丈夫范杞梁的尸体;二要为其丈夫举行国葬;三要秦始皇为范杞梁披麻戴孝、打幡送葬。秦始皇听罢孟姜女提的三个条件，思索片刻，为了得到貌美如花的孟姜女，便硬着头皮答应下来，孟姜女戴着孝拜了为筑城而死的范札梁坟墓后，宿愿已偿，面对滚滚的渤海，纵身一跃，投海自尽了。

故事讲完了，大家觉得秦始皇是不是昏庸霸道?咱们先不管他怎么样。开始登长城做好汉吧!!

he Ming Tombs are 40 kilometers north of Beijing City on the southernslopes of Tianshou Mountain. They are the burial grounds of 13 Ming Dynastyemperors. In July 20___ the site was designated a world cultural heritage siteby UNESCO.

Empress Xu died in the 5th year of Yongle (1407). Zhu Di sent

Zhao Hong, secretary of the Ministry of Rites and a geomancer----LiaoJunqing along with many others to Beijing in search of an auspicious place forthe tombs. It is said that this group of people first selected the area of TuJia Ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldnt be used as theburial ground. Next they selected the foot of Yangshan Mountain, Changping.However, since the surname of the emperor (Zhu) is a homophone for pig andbecause a village named wolf mouth ravine was located there, they decidedagainst using that area. Later, they found Yan-jiatai west of Beijing. Again,since Yanjia was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemedunsuitable. It was not until the 7th year of Yongle (1409), that they finallychose the present Heavenly Longevity Mountain as their cemetery grounds.

The whole area covers 40 square kilometers. It has mountains to its east,west and north, and Dragon Mountain and Tiger Mountain are on either side of itssouthern entrance. The 13 tombs go from north to south. They are arranged in themanner of the Imperial Palace, with the administration area in the front andliving quarters in the rear. In front of the tombs are divine passes, stonearchways and steel towers. The Precious City and Ming Tower stand over theUnderground Palace.

There were 16 emperors during the Ming Dynasty. Buried in the Ming tombs,are 13 Ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines, princes,princesses and maids. The other 3 emperors, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yunwenand Zhu Qiyu are buried in other locations.

The founder of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, established his capital inpresent day Nanjing where he was buried after his death. His tomb is calledXiaoling (Tomb of Filial Piety).

The body of the second emperor of the Ming, Zhu Yunwen, is missing. Somesaid that he died in a fire, while others said that he went to a temple andbecame a monk. There is no final conclusion yet.

The seventh Ming Emperor Zhu Qiyu, was buried as a prince by his elderbrother Zhu Qizhen at Jinshankou, a western suburb of Beijing, because in theTumubao Upheaval, Emperor Zhu Qizhen became a captive and the younger brother ofZhu Qizhen. Zhu Qiyu was chosen as the new emperor, but later Zhu Qizhen wasback and proclaimed his re-enthronement in the Seizing Gate Upheaval.

The Memorial Arch was built in the 19th year of Jiajing (1540) as a symbolof the Ming Tombs. It is 14 meters high and 28. 86 meters wide, and has 5 archessupported by 6 pillars with beautiful bas-relief carvings of lions, dragons andlotus flowers. The Memorial Arch is the biggest and the most exquisite stonearch preserved in the country today. The major designs of dragon and clouddecorations reflect the character of imperial architecture. In addition, it alsodemonstrates the skillful artistry of the Ming craftsmen.

The Big Palace Gate is the front gate of the Ming Tombs, and is morecommonly known as Big Red Gate. Facing south, there are three arch entrances tothe gate, the main inlet to the Ming Tombs. Flanking the gate are two stonetablets, inscribed with orders for the emperor, officials and other people todismount, before entering into the tomb area. If they did not obey, they wouldbe punished for their disrespect. The rules governing the Ming Tombs in the MingDynasty, stipulate that one who sneaks into the tomb area to pick firewood andbreak twigs would be flogged. Those who came to fetch dirt and stone would bebeheaded. Those who entered arbitrarily into the tomb area would be flogged ahundred times.

The Tablet House was built in the 10th year of Xuande (1435), and standsabout 10 meters high with two tiers of eaves. A huge tablet stands in the middleof the Tablet House. The front side bears an inscription by Emperor Renzong forChengzu. The reverse side is a poem by Qing Emperor Qianlong recording in detailthe conditions of the broken Changling, Yongling, Dingling and Xiling. On theeast side is the record of expenditures for repairing the Ming Tombs by the Qinggovernment. On the west side is an epitaph by Qing Emperor Jiaqing. It waswritten in the 9th year of Jiaqing (1804) describing the cause of the fall ofthe Ming Dynasty.

On the north side of the Tablet House, stands a group of stone carvings (36in all). Behind the house, there are two stone pillars. Beyond the pillars arestone animals and other statues. Lions, Xie Zhi, camels, elephants, and Qi Linhorses .All of the animals are in two pairs. Two stand, while the other twokneel. It is followed by the statues of military officers, civil officials andofficials of merit, four in each group. These stone animals and statues weremade in the 10th year of Xuande (1435). They reflect the imperial power when hewas alive and the imperial dignity after he was deceased. The animals andstatues were created using whole blocks of stone weighing a couple of tons andeach was delicately and masterfully carved.

Here stands Ling Xing Gate, also known as the unique Dragon and PhoenixGate, with the meaning of the Gate of Heaven. The gate is pierced with six doorleaves, attached to three archways. The top of the central section of the threearchways is decorated with flames and precious pearl, so it is also known as theFlame Archway. To the north of the Dragon and Phoenix Gate there lays aseven-arch marble bridge, leading to the gate of Changling. To the east of theseven-arch bridge stands an old five-arch bridge, which was the original site ofthe seven-arch bridge.

Actually we are standing on the axle line of the Ming Tombs, otherwiseknown as the Sacred Way or the Tomb path. We passed the Memorial Arch, the BigPalace Gate, the Tablet House, Sacred Way, stone animals and statues, and LingXing Gate. This seven-kilometer long sacred pathway leads from south to north,all the way to the Gate of Changling.

Now, we are moving to Chang Ling. Changling is the first tomb built in theMing Tombs area, covering 10 hectares and containing Emperor Zhu Di and hisempress Xu.

Zhu Di (Chengzu) of the Ming Dynasty was the fourth son of the firstEmperor Zhu Yuanzhang, born in 1360. Zhu Di was conferred the title of theprince of Yan in the 3rd year of Hongwu (1370). He was appointed at Beiping.After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang (the first Ming Emperor), Zhu Di used thepretext of eliminating evil officials at the side of Emperor Jianwen to lead anarmy expedition down south to Nanjing. He seized the throne in the 4th year ofJianwen (1402) and ascended the throne in June inside the Hall of AncestralWorship in Nanjing. Zhu Di was an emperor of outstanding accomplishment in theMing Dynasty. As soon as he became the prince of Yan, he led the generals out tobattle. He had great achievements in calming down the north. After he took overhis nephews power and became the emperor, he still went out to battle throughoutthe country and consolidated the rule of the Ming Dynasty. He made the importantdecision to move the capital to Beijing. During the rule of Zhu Di, magnificentdevelopments were made in the economy, culture and in diplomacy. In terms ofculture, Zhu Di successively sent Grand Academician Xie Jin, Yan Guangxiao andothers to compile the Yongle encyclopedia. The book has become the largest bookever complied in Chinese history. For expanding external exchanges and trade,Zhu Di selected eunuch Zheng He to lead a large fleet filled with precious gold,silver, silk and satins to sail to southeast Asia and Africa seven times in theearly years of Yongle.

Empress Xu was buried together with Emperor Zhu Di in Changling. EmpressXushi was the eldest daughter of Xu Da who was one of the founding fathers ofthe Ming Dynasty. Throughout her lifespan, Xu Shi complied 20 articles ofinternal lectures and a book advising to be good, so as to cultivate peoplesminds. She was the very first one to be buried in Changling and in the Ming Tombarea.

The Hall of Eminent Favor in Changling is the best preserved among thethirteen tombs. It is a valuable relic of ancient Chinas wooden structures. Itis nine rooms wide and five rooms long, a hall size rarely seen in China. Theroof is made of top-class double eaves and there are multiple rooms covered withyellow glazed tiles. The hall is supported by 60 thick Nanmu pillars, the middlefour in the hall are the thickest, the diameter of each one can reach over onemeter. It is known as the best Nanmu (phoebe) hall in the country.

Now we are going to Dinging. Dingling is located at the east foot of DayuMountain. Buried here are the 13th Ming Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) and his twoempresses Xiaoduan and Xiaojing. Zhu Yijun was the longest on the throne of theMing Emperors. (He was emperor for 48 years). He was the greediest and laziestemperor in the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yijun ascended the throne at the age of 9.After he came to power, he was supported by the chief minister Zhang Juzheng. Atthis time, various aspects of society gained development.

Later ,Zhang Juzheng died of illness. Not long after Wanli managed stateaffairs on his own, he used the chance to select the location for his tomb sitewhen he went to pay homage to the ancestors tombs. He spent eight million taelsof silver (250,000 kilos of silver) and six years to build a high quality tombDingling. After the Dingling was completed, Zhu Yijun personally went to inspectit, and felt very satisfied with the result. He went so far as to hold a grandbanquet in the Underground Palace, which was unheard of in history.

Zhu Yijun was a typical muddle-headed emperor. Reflecting on his reign, hedid not pay attention to state affairs for 28 out of his 48 year rule. The stateorgan was effectively semi-paralyzed during his reign. Later generationscommented that the fall of the Ming dynasty was caused by this emperor.

Zhu Yijun had two empresses. Empress Xiaojing was originally a maid ofWanlis mother Cisheng. Later she gave birth to a son of the emperor. That sonwas the one-month emperor Guangzong (Zhu Changluo). She died of illness 9 yearsearlier than Shenzong died. She was buried as a concubine at Pinggangdi, aroundthe east pit, at the Heavenly Longevity Mount. After Xiaojing was conferred thetitle of “grandmother of the emperor”, her body was moved to the UndergroundPalace of Dingling, and buried together with Emperor Wanli and Empress Xiaoduanon the same day. Xiaoduan was conferred the title of empress, but she could notgive birth to either a son or a daughter to the emperor. Xiaoduan died ofillness. A hundred days later, Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) died too. EmpressXiaoduan, Emperor Wanli, and Empress Xiaojing were buried together in theUnderground Palace.

The tablet in front of Dingling has no words on it. It is called thewordless tablet. There is a pair of coiling dragons along the top and a patternof sea waves carved on the bottom. Its base is composed of a tortoise (Bixi). Itis said that the dragon has nine sons. In twelve of the Ming Tombs, excludingChangling, all the tablets are wordless. Originally there were no tablet housesin front of the Tombs, but later the tablet houses and steeles of the first sixtombs were completed. But the emperor Jiajing at the time indulged in drinking,lust and searching for longevity pills, so he had no time to pay attention onthe inscriptions. Consequently the six tablets are wordless. And in keeping withthis tradition, that’s why the tablets later on are also blank.

Now we are arriving at The Gate of Eminent Favor and the Hall of EminentFavor of Dingling, The Hall of Eminent Favor is also called Hall of Enjoyment.It was the place where the emperor and his entourage held grand sacrificialrites. They were mostly destroyed when the Qing soldiers came. And they weredestroyed again later, so now only the ruins remain.

Moving on, this is the exhibition rooms that were built after theexcavation of the Underground Palace. The exhibition explains in detail thehistory of the tomb master and introduces the tomb excavation process. Theexhibition rooms are divided into two parts, the south and the north. In thesouth room, on display are the sacrificial objects of Emperor Wanli unearthedfrom the Underground Palace. In the north room, on display are the sacrificialitems of the two empresses. All of then are fancy and invaluable.

Now we arrive at The Soul Tower, this is the symbol of the tomb. It is astone structure with colorful painted decorations. The Soul Tower and thePrecious citadel of Dingling have never been damaged seriously. The Soul Toweris the best preserved architecture above the ground of Dingling. On top of theyellow, glazed tiled roof of the Soul Tower sits a big stone tablet. Two Chinesecharacters----Dingling, are carved on the tablet. Inside the Soul Tower, on topof another stone tablet, there are two big characters----the Great Ming writtenin seal characters. On the body of the tablet, seven Chinese characters-----Tombof Emperor Shenzong Xian are carved. The Soul Tower is connected with thePrecious Citadel. The Precious Citadel is a large round wall built with bricks.The Precious Citadel wall is 7.5 m high, and lower part is thick while the upperpart is thin. The round walls perimeter is over 800 meters, and inside the wallis a large artificial mound, the emperors tomb mound, known as Precious Top.

Dingling is the only Ming Tomb to be excavated. Formal excavation workstarted in May 1956 and ended in 1958. First, the working personnel discoveredan exposed gateway at the side wall to the southwest of the Precious Citadel ofDingling. So they dug the first tunnel facing the position of the gateway. Atthe bottom of the tunnel, they discovered a tunnel made of bricks. Three monthslater, along the direction of the tunnel, to the west of the Soul Tower, theydug the second tunnel. During the digging, they encountered with a stone tabletwhich inscribed the words from here 48. 8m forward and 10. 7m downward lies theprecious wall. Therefore it gave the correct direction of opening up theUnderground Palace.

According to the direction of the stone tablet, after digging the thirdtunnel, they found a stone tunnel. At last they got to the precious wall. Thusthey opened the precious wall with a square stone room. To the west end of theroom, lay two marble doors. The working personnel used a wire and wood plank toremove the self-acting stone bar, which was against the back of the door. Withthis method, they opened the entrance of the Underground Palace.

The palace has no beam which was built according to the principles ofgeomancy Altogether there are five chambers. The chambers are separated by sevenmarble doors. The Underground Palace is 27 meters deep, covering an area of1,195 square meters. There is a same structure stone door in between the front,middle and rear chambers. The door is made of marble. The biggest marble door is3. 3 meters high, 1.7 meters wide, 4 tons in weight. It looks heavy, but it isreasonably designed. The pivot of the stone door is inclined to the door axle,so the door is easy to open and close. On top of the door is a lintel (made ofbronze) tube weighing about 10 tons to prevent the door from falling. Carved onthe front of the marble door are 9 rows of 81 knobs and strange animals withrings in their mouths. Located on the reverse side, opposite the animals, is aprotruding section that holds the doors self-acting stone bar.

The front and middle chambers are 7. 2 meters high and 6 meters wide. Thefloor is covered with gold bricks. According to records, the gold bricks aresmooth and durable. The more you polish them, the brighter they become. Thereare no decorations in the front and two annex chambers. In the middle chamber,there are three marble thrones for Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses, known asthe precious thrones. In the front of the thrones, there are five yellow glazedofferings and one blue-and-white porcelain jar of Jiajing Years style with acloud-and-dragon design. It is about 0.7 meters in diameter. Originally therewas sesame oil in the jar. On the surface of the oil was a copper tube with awick inside. It is called the everlasting lamp. Due to the lack of oxygen, thelight went out so the oil had not been used all.

The rear chamber is the biggest of the three. It is 9.5 meters high, 31meters long, 9.l meters wide, the floor is paved with polished stones. In therear chamber, there is a coffin platform edged with white marble. Placed on theplatform are the coffins of Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses as well as 26vermilion boxes filled with funeral objects.

In the middle of the coffin platform, there is a rectangular hole filledwith soil called Gold Well. Putting jade stone around the coffin or inside thecoffin or in the mouth of the deceased is called being buried with jade. Ancientpeople believed Gold Well was the pit of geomancy. It could prevent the bodyfrom decay for a long time. Being buried with jade on a Gold Well was thehighest standard of entombment one could receive in the feudal era.

Originally the empresss coffin should have been placed in the rear chamber.Then why were the coffins of the two empresses also in the same chamber as theemperors? In 1620, first empress Xiaoduan died in April, then in July EmperorWanli also died. After that, the son of Zhu Changluo died 29 days after hissuccession. In only a few months, two emperors and one empress had died insuccession. In addition they had removed Empress Xiaojings coffin to Dingling.All the burdens of the funeral burials fell on the just enthroned Emperor ZhuYoujian. The preparation work was done in a hurried fashion (this was clearlyrecorded in historical documents). The rainy season had already arrived beforethe funeral could occur and the passage leading to the empress annex chamber maynot have been convenient to open. So the coffins of the emperor, empresses allentered the Underground Palace through the front entrance. After the coffinsentered the Underground Palace, since the passage to the annex chambers werenarrow, the coffins of the empresses would not fit through it. So they had toput all the three coffins together into the rear chamber.

Now please follow me out of the underground palace. And our tour for todayis completed. I hope you have found our time together informative and enjoyable.We now have half an hour for a rest, and then we will get together here at4:00pm. Thank you.

百花山是国家AAA级风景区，位于北京市房山区和门头沟区交界的深山中，距市区120公里，道路交通便利。森林覆盖率达90%。主峰百花山海拔1991米，白草畔海拔2050米，为北京市第三高峰。

百花山动、植物资源丰富，素有华北天然动植物园之称，有四个植被类型，十个森林群落。植物种类有110科、1100种。动物种类有170种，其中有国家一级保护动物金钱豹、褐马鸡、黑鹳、金雕，国家二级保护动物有斑羚、勺鸡。市级保护动物有50多种。

百花山环境独特，风景优美，是一个很好的旅游场所。年均气温6～7℃，七月份平均温度22℃，负氧离子含量为5级，是消夏避暑的胜地。

百花山的风景资源可分为四大景区，35个景点：百花山主峰景区、百花山草甸景区、望海楼景区、白草畔景区。这里风景独特、气候宜人，群山环抱、奇峰连绵、溪水潺潺云遮雾障、劲松森林，奇花异草，稀禽珍兽。有“百花草甸”、“百草山瀑布”、“万年冰肌”、“古树擎天”、“云顶日出”、“古石海”、“云海升腾”、“晚霞映翠”、“蚂蚁山”、“送树长廊”等著名景观。

亲爱的游客朋友们，现在我们乘坐的是巴士四号汽车前往北京，观赏世界历史文化遗产之一——长城。很荣幸成为大家的导游。如果有什么问题，可以请教我。大家下车后一定要记住我们的车牌号，按规定时间返回。祝大家旅行愉快。

现在我先给大家介绍一下长城吧!长城是修筑在陡峭的山岭之间，它从东头的山海关一直修筑到西头的嘉峪关，全长共有一万三千多公里。它是中华人民力量和智慧的结晶，它是中华民族即将腾飞的巨龙的象征。游客们，我们的车已经停到八达岭上了。请看正前面有一块(儿)石碑，上面有八达岭几个红字，大家可以把它拍下来，做为一个到八达岭的留念。

游客们，我们来到了长城的脚下。请大家低头看看脚下，它是由一块块灰色的巨砖砌成的，十分平整，五六匹马也可以并行。让我们抬起头来，长城就像蜿蜒的巨龙卧在连绵起伏的崇山峻岭之间雄伟壮观。八达岭长城共有六个烽火台。烽火台共有三个门，其中中间一个最大，它的上面有许多小方块围成的一个正方形。古代时，在那里点火，表示那里有危险。这些烽火台可以在两至三个小时之间将情报传到数千里以外的地方。烽火台分两层，上层是眺望台，下层是士兵吃饭和睡觉的地方，可见烽火台在当时的军事中着多么重要的作用啊!

游客们，再往下走我们就到“好汉坡”了，“好汉坡”是指只有好汉才能登上的险坡，是八达岭的必经之路，让我们go!

经过好汉坡，就到峰顶了。游客们，当我们站在峰顶看看这前不见头，后不见尾的巨龙的时候，真为我国古代劳动人民的无比智慧感到自豪和骄傲吧!

我们的长城之旅到此为止，希望大家有时间还来长城，也希望我的讲解能给大家留下深刻的印象!byebye!

Dear tourists

Hello everyone, welcome to Yueyang Tower, one of the three famous buildingsin Jiangnan.

Yueyang Tower is a national key cultural relic protection unit and one ofthe first batch of national 4A tourist areas. The landscape characteristics ofYueyang Tower can be summarized into four aspects. First, it has a long history.Yueyang Tower, formerly known as Yuejun tower built by Lu Su, was built in the19th year of Jianan in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 220__) and was namedYueyang Tower in the 2nd year of Qianyuan in the Tang Dynasty (A.D. 759). It hasthe longest history among the three famous buildings in the south of the YangtzeRiver.

Second, the scenery is unique. Yueyang Tower is composed of river, lake,mountain and city. "Baling Sheng shape, a trace in the Dongting, the title ofthe distant mountains, swallow the Yangtze River, vast, boundless horizontal,morning and evening Yin, magnificent." The poet Du QinYong said: "the vast snowwaves with smoke, the sky and the West back painting, the building is verybeautiful scenery, a mountain nine lake." Yueyang Tower is a marvelous praisefor its geographical shape. It is strong with water, beautiful with mountainsand better than Jiangnan in shape. Third, it has a profound culture. YueyangTower poetry anthology contains more than a few famous works, a large number ofcouplets, plaques, paintings and inscriptions, most of which are permeated withthe "sense of hardship" of the Chinese nation. _In Du Fus "climbing the YueyangTower", he said, "I heard the Dongting water in the past, but now Im going tothe Yueyang Tower. In the southeast of Wu and Chu, heaven and earth float dayand night. Family and friends have no word, old and sick have their own boat.The army passes the mountain north, depending on the Xuan tears Si flow Hisconcern for the prison and the people is beyond expression. Fan Zhongyans"Yueyang Tower" is the development of this excellent tradition to the peak. Thephilosophy of "not to be happy with things, not to be sad with yourself", Atthat time, Su Dongpo expressed his emotion that "although it is not easy for asage to rise again", which Liu Shaoqi introduced as the criterion for thecultivation of Communist Party members, Hu Yaobang praised as thecrystallization of traditional Chinese virtues. It is indeed the most preciouscultural relics of Chinese spiritual civilization. Among the three famousbuildings in the south of the Yangtze River, only Yueyang Tower is a nationalcultural relic with historical, artistic and scientific value. The Yueyang Towernow seen is a pure wood structure. It was overhauled in 1983 according to theprinciple of "keeping the old as it is". It has four columns, three floors,cornices and helmet top. The whole building is made of wood without a brick or anail. The door joints are mortise and tenon. The workmanship is very exquisite.In history, Yueyang Tower has been destroyed and repaired for more than 50times. Friends, this couplet in front of the door, "Dongting Tianxia water,Yueyang Tianxia tower", is extracted from the five character quatrains of WeiYunzhen, a poet of the Ming Dynasty. The last two sentences of this poem are"who is the scholar in the world, drinking on the top of the building." Today,you are going to be the corporal of the day. Lets enjoy the profound YueyangTower culture and the magnificent mountains and rivers of Yueyang with Dongtingas the wine. Maybe you will be as drunk as Li Bai.

On the wall of Baling ancient city, the "Xiaoxiang archway in the SouthPole" and the "Wuxia archway in the north" were built in the Qing Dynasty. Thecouplets of chanting scenery in the two places are all written by famousartists. In the north of the ancient times, he Shaoji, a great calligrapher ofthe Qing Dynasty, wrote couplets, and Li duo, a famous calligrapher of thecontemporary era. In the south, Zhang Zhao, who wrote Yueyang Tower in the QingDynasty, and Liu Haisu, a contemporary master of calligraphy and painting, wrotethe couplet. From then on, we can see that Yueyang Tower was loved by literatiof all ages.

Now in front of you is Yueyang Tower. The three characters of "YueyangTower" on the horizontal plaque were inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo, and now it hasbeen compiled into the book named plaque of Zhongjun. Yueyang Tower is 2135mhigh, 1724m wide and 14.56m deep. Three story three eaves, helmet top type woodstructure, covered with yellow glazed tiles. The helmet top is a prominentfeature of Yueyang Tower. You can see that it looks like the helmet of anancient general. It is powerful and majestic. With cornices, it has smoothcurves and gives people a sense of power. Looking at the Ruyi Dougong under thehelmet top, it looks like a beehive. It is decorated with dragon head, phoenixhead and cloud head. It not only supports the gravity of the helmet top, butalso makes the whole building more exquisite, solemn and harmonious. The top ofthe roof, ridge ornaments, head up and other components are all ceramic productsleft over from the middle of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, Yueyang Tower has madeamazing achievements in aesthetics, mechanics, architecture and technology.

When you enter the main building, the first thing you see is the carvedscreen of Yueyang Tower, which is composed of 12 pieces of red sandalwood. Asmentioned above, the name of Yueyang Tower was only used in the Tang Dynasty. Atthat time, Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin and other talented personagesand poets came one after another. They look out from the cantharidin tower, goboating in Dongting, and write hard. In his poem "climbing Yueyang Tower withXia 12", Li Bai described it as follows: "the tower views Yueyang as far aspossible, and the Sichuan Dongting opens. The wild goose leads the sorrowfulheart to go, the mountain holds the good month to come. Even stay in the clouds,the sky line cup. After getting drunk, the cool wind blows and the people danceLi Shangyin, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, also wrote the poem Yueyang Tower:"if you want to get rid of your worries, you can go to Yueyang Tower on DongtingLake. Its a pity that thousands of Li can take advantage of the prosperity.Its a dragons solution to the shipwreck. " The Yueyang Tower became more andmore famous because of these new words.

However, it was after Teng Zijing rebuilt Yueyang Tower and Fan Zhongyanwrote Yueyang Tower. In the fourth year of Qingli period, Ying Zijing wasdemoted to be the governor of Yuezhou. After he took office, he organized threemajor events: first, building a rainbow dike under the Yueyang Tower to defendthe waves of Dongting Lake; second, setting up a county school to cultivatetalents; third, rebuilding the Yueyang tower. Teng Zijing has both literarytalent and military strategy. He thinks that "it is not long for Louguan to becalled a reporter by writing, and the writing is not written by those who aretalented and powerful.". So he thought of his friend Fan Zhongyan, who was aJinshi in the same middle school. He wrote a Book of Qiuji, which introduced thestructure and momentum of Yueyang Tower after it was revised. He poured out hiseagerness to ask Fan Zhongyan to write a record. He also asked someone to draw apicture of autumn evening in Dongting, which copied the poems and Odes ofYueyang Tower chanted by famous scholars of all ages. He sent people to FanZhongyans demoted residence day and night It is located in Dengzhou. FanZhongyan was a famous statesman, litterateur and militarist in the Northern SongDynasty. Like Wei Zijing, he was rejected and attacked because he advocated theinnovation of politics. After receiving the letter from Teng Zijing, he read itrepeatedly and thought about it carefully, and finally wrote the famous story ofYueyang Tower. Although the full text of this article is only 368 words, it hasbroad content, profound philosophy, majestic momentum, sonorous language andpearly words. It has become a masterpiece for thousands of years. However, thesaying "first worry about the world, and then joy about the world" has become afamous saying handed down from generation to generation, and has become theaccumulation of the noble personality culture of the outstanding knowledge ofthe Chinese nation. The story of Yueyang Tower, with its supreme content andartistic charm, has been handed down for thousands of years and nourishedpeoples hearts. After receiving Fan Zhongyans Yueyang Tower, Teng Zijing wasoverjoyed. He immediately asked Su Zimei, a great calligrapher, to write it andShao Songhui, a famous sculptor, to engrave it on a wooden plaque. As a result,Lou, Ji, calligraphy and sculpture are collectively known as the "four wonders".Unfortunately, the sculpture was destroyed in the fire during the reign ofemperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty. The screen we see now is written by ZhangZhao, a famous calligrapher and Minister of the Ministry of punishment in theQianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.

The whole building is supported by four big nanmu columns. It runs from thebottom of the building to the top of the building, and then uses 12 gold pillarsas the inner ring to support the second floor. Around it, 20 wooden pillars areused to control the door joints and tenons, and connect them as a whole. Thewhole Yueyang Tower is of pure wood structure, and no iron nail can be found. Onthe first floor, there are couplets chanting Yueyang Tower by ancient and modernmasters. The one in the middle of the hall is the longest of the couplets. Thefirst couplet begins with "whats strange on the first floor", listing theachievements and legends of poets, famous Confucians, virtuous officials andwine immortals left in Yueyang Tower, expressing the authors regret for thepast and the present; the second couplet introduces the famous mountains andrivers, the magnificent and dangerous city of baling. If you write down thiscouplet, you will have a general understanding of Yueyang Tower.

A carved screen of Yueyang Tower is hung on the front of the second floor.There is a story circulating here. During the reign of Daoguang in the QingDynasty, a magistrate surnamed Wu came to Yueyang. He took a fancy to the carvedscreen of Yueyang Tower, and bribed a master of folk art carving with a largesum of money to make another carved screen. Taking advantage of the opportunityof being transferred out of Yueyang, Wuzhi county took advantage of theopportunity to steal the beam and change the column, and fled on a stormy nightwith the carved screen of Jiaxiao and Zhang Zhao. The boat was overturned in thejiumazui section of Dongting Lake by wind and waves, and the carved screen sankto the bottom of the lake. It was salvaged by local fishermen and collected byWu Minshu, a local scholar. After 120 silver from the hands of Wus descendantswill screen back. During the cultural revolution, the red guards wanted to smashthe feudal carved screen. In order to protect it, the workers covered thewriting with plaster and wrote Chairman Maos poems. In this way, the carvedscreen escaped another disaster. This one and the one on the first floor areboth true and false, just like the list of merits and demerits.

The third floor is the top floor of Yueyang Tower. Looking from the window,you can appreciate the majestic momentum of "holding the distant mountains andswallowing the Yangtze River" and enjoy the beautiful scenery of lakes andmountains, which is "the same color of water and sky, boundless wind and moon".Signed "Changgeng libaishu". When we stand on the third floor and look out fromthe window, we can see that the water and sky of Dongting Lake are united, theclear wind and the moon are boundless, and the mountains and lakes are all onthe first floor. Isnt the feeling that "the water and the sky are united, thewind and the moon are boundless"?

In the middle is the strip screen of Deng Yueyang Tower written by Du Fu inMao Zedongs handwriting. You can see that it has rigorous layout, bold andunrestrained brushwork, iron and silver hook, vigorous and straight, which isdeeply rooted in huaisus wild grass style, and has its own style. This is arare art treasure, hanging here, making Yueyang Tower even more icing on thecake.

Out of the Yueyang Tower is the three drunk Pavilion, which is the place toworship Lu Xian. Lu Dongbin used medicine to save people and did good deeds. Hewas deeply respected by the people. In addition, he was named "Fuyou emperor" bythe emperor of Yuan Dynasty. He was one of the five northern ancestors ofTaoism. Yueyang Tower was built with yellow glazed tiles specially used by theemperors in feudal times as the place where LV Xian stopped. Why is Lu Xian soprominent in Yueyang? It turns out that there are anecdotes about Lu Xian in theannals of Yueyangs prefectures and counties, saying that he had drunk with TengZijing, played chess with Wang Taishou, the national chess player, and stoppedQiao Taishous sedan chair when he was drunk. In particular, Zhizhou Li Guan notonly records the origin of LV Xiantings story, but also includes two poems byLV Xian. At that time, they were carved in front of Yueyang Tower with hugestones. One of them is "when you travel to the north, the dusk of Cangwu, thecourage of the green snake in your sleeve, when you are drunk in Yueyang, youcant recognize it, and you can fly over Dongting Lake with langyin." The nameof sanzui Pavilion comes from this poem.

Finally, visit Yueyang Tower culture and Art Center. There are not only thecarved screen of Yueyang Tower written by the famous calligraphers Mi Fu, ZhuYunming, Dong Qichang and Zhang Zhao, but also the image display of theconcentrated landscape of Yueyang Tower in song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.There are also a large number of works of art and crafts with Yueyang Towerculture as the theme, as well as various books and periodicals about YueyangTower. Besides enjoying, you can choose your favorite souvenirs forcommemoration.

北京前门大街，位于正阳门箭楼正前方。路长1600米，宽0米，明、清至民国时皆称“正阳门大街”，老百姓俗称“前门大街”，一九六五年正式定名为“前门大街”。规划后的前门大街改为步行街，不再通车，只有“铛铛车”可以“招摇”过市。

八月十六日，我们一家去前门大街玩。进入街道，首先映入眼帘的是两辆“铛铛车”，分别为前门一、二号。“铛铛车”像一节火车车厢，呈长方体，行驶时发出“铛!铛!铛!”的声音。“铛铛车”可以供逛街逛累了的人和不爱走路的人乘坐。由于还没有正式运行，它们还停在花圃里，四周摆满了鲜花，十分漂亮。

街口有一个牌坊，上面写着“正阳桥”三个字，牌坊有四根柱子，三个门，中间的宽，两边的窄。走过了牌坊，我们正式进入了大街，大街上人山人海，游人如织。街道两边是北京老字号的商铺，有大北照相馆、全聚德烤鸭店、都一处烧麦店、瑞蚨祥丝绸店、张一元茶庄等。都一处烧麦店门口排了老长老长的队伍，一问才知道原来是排队准备进餐的，后来一查资料，原来都一处烧麦店是因为乾隆皇帝来这里吃烧麦，说了一句夸奖的话而命名的。各个商铺都是依照明、清时代建筑风格的原样装修的，门口都贴有原样的照片。但是现在还只开张了十几家，多数还在装修。跟前门大街垂直的有很多胡同，北京著名的“大栅栏”和八大胡同也在其中。

街道的路灯有两种，很有特色，一种是鸟笼路灯，就是两个鸟笼挂在一个架子上，另一种是三个拨浪鼓连在一起，像一个个糖葫芦串。路灯底下是长凳和圆凳，长凳比较普通，但圆凳是大鼓的形状。还有许多花坛，花盆是大缸的样子，是古铜色的。整条大街古色古香……

我走在前门大街上，感受到了老北京的繁华……

各位游客大家好!我是考古旅行社建筑部的导游，我姓顾名皓安，大家可以直呼我姓名。

今天我会带领大家参观居庸关长城。这段长城如一条威武的巨龙，潜伏在北京西北部的莽莽森林中。长城，原先是由战国时期的燕国等三个国家分别建设的。秦始皇同意六国后，加以连接和修整，抵挡北方匈奴侵犯。明代，皇帝又遣工匠加以修复，这才是我们现在要游览的长城。

大家抬头看，这便是居庸关大门。用红的、绿的、黄的琉璃瓦和木头制成。五颜六色的砖瓦间，一块匾额显得引人注目，上书“天下第一雄关”。据说，这“一”是用头发沾上墨水写成的呢!

爬上长城，我们来到了好汉坡。这块白玉碑上，刻着毛主席“不到长城非好汉”的名句。出自《清平乐·六盘山》，表达了毛泽东及红军立下决心征讨国民党反动派和日本鬼子，保卫中华国土的景象。可以说，这些字是革命烈士用鲜血写成的。各位游客可以在这里稍事休息，拍照留念。

各位游客请注意，接下来进入不露天通道，道路会变得十分陡，请小心为上。

出了通道，我们来到了炮台。左右两旁都安放有用以远程攻击敌人的火炮，通常由两位卫士和炮兵把守。火炮间的军旗十分漂亮，红红的底布，缝上凤、;龙等图案，再镶上金边，可以十分有效地振奋士气。

让我们继续向上爬。接下来去点将台。台上朱红色的武器架上的孔，插满了各式各样的武器。坚硬的狼牙棒，轻轻的长棒，宽阔的大刀和多用的长戟等，哪一样不显出秦始皇将士的气势?再加上两边威风凛凛的守护陶俑，秦始皇当年点兵出征的景象仿佛就在眼前。

本次参观活动已接近尾声，请大家走下长城，去选购一些工艺品或纪念品吧。

谢谢大家!

云居寺位于北京市房山县西南山区山峦起伏的一块小盆地里，距北京约75公里，背后以朱山为依托，对面以石经山为屏障，坐落在逐鹿山中。云居寺以佛舍利和石经而闻名于世，是京郊具有金石、书法、美术、民族史、佛教史等重大文化意义的古迹，在北京以至全国诸多古寺名刹和佛教界占有重要地位。1992年该寺被评为“北京十大人文旅游累点”之一。房山县西北部山岳地带，自隋唐以来就是佛教胜地，如上方山兜率寺、六聘山天关寺、云蒙山龙泉寺以及九洞十二峰和以兜率寺为中心的七十二庵等很多佛教遗迹文物，而石径山云居寺则是其中最有名的，向有“北京敦煌”之誉。

云居寺创建於隋唐时代，历代屡有重修扩建，成为华北地区著名寺院之一。寺院部分抗日战争时期毁於日军炮火，现仅存遗址。寺东北1.5公里处石径山上有藏径洞九座，洞内保存了自隋至明代刻制的石经板，连同寺院南端藏经穴中辽、金经板共143l2块，镌字数千万。除去重复刻造者外，计刻经112O馀部，刻工精湛，为中国佛教文化珍品之一。它是世界上最早、最全、保存最好的石刻大藏经，在中国佛教史上值得大书特书。刻制云居石径的规模，远超过北齐的音堂山摩崖石经和泰山经石峪刻经。

云居寺名称最早见於唐总章二年(669年)年石刻上，隋唐时代已具相当规模。在唐代分上寺及下寺 上寺在石经山上，寺址已无考，下寺即今遗址。辽、金时代云居寺因刻造石经知名，故有“石经寺”之称。明代因在石经山东麓建东峪寺，而云居寺居山之西，故亦称“西峪寺” 清初又改称“西域云居禅林”，仍然保留着云居之名。云居寺历代屡有修葺，最后的修缮年代是清康熙三十七年(l698年)。被毁前的寺院规模宏大，寺院中路有院落五层，殿宇六进。寺依山而建，每层院落逐步升高，各层正殿之旁又有配殿，中路北侧有僧寮客舍，南北二塔分居左右，山门前引泉水流过，清泉垂柳，山雾缭绕，自然环境颇为幽美，确实是一处修行佳处。“七七事变”后寺院被日军炮火毁为一片废墟，南塔也於此时被毁。在云居寺遗址范圉内，北部及四隅的十座小石塔是劫后仅存遗物。所幸摄有云居寺被毁前照片，中日邦交恢复后，日方将当时照片送归。佛教自公元2年伊存授经东传中国后，译着经卷便是众多僧人信徒“经久不息"的一项事业。但是纸张、绢绸、木板经卷，不仅易受风、火、水、虫的破坏，也易受人为的损毁，历史上两次“法难"期间，大量的手写佛经化为灰烬，战争兵火也给佛教寺院、佛像经籍带来毁灭性灾难。造样就促使僧徒想方设法让佛法传承久远。鉴於山东泰山、河北鼓山等处的摩崖刻经得以保存，幽州僧人静琬认为经刻石上，可以地久天长，於是继承其师慧思遗志，选择了盛产汉白玉、艾叶青石，又远离幽州城的房山，开始了刻经於石、秘藏於室的艰巨工捏。静琬先是创建了石经山藏经洞和云居寺，他发愿造十二部石经。这一行动得到当时社会各方面的支待。从隋大叶中到唐初，静琬30年刻经不辍，每刻完一批石经就凿洞封存起来。贞观十三年(639年)静琬入寂 他的第子玄导、僧仪、惠暹、玄法四代相续主持刻经，并得到金信公主奏赐经本四千多部作为底本，先后刻经百馀部，分藏於各藏经洞中。自隋至明，共开凿藏经洞九个 藏石经版4559块;辽金时又在寺南侧挖穴，埋藏经版1O611块。辽天庆七年(1120xx年)在穴旁筑塔，即“云居寺南塔”也称“压经塔”。

静琬最初所刻石经146块，一部分镶嵌于第五洞的四壁上。第五洞名“雷音洞”是九洞之中最大的一个，也是唯一一座开放式藏经洞，洞前有门可以进出，长宽各约十米，中有四根八角形石柱支撑洞顶，石柱各面均雕有小佛像共1O54尊，故称“千佛柱"。其馀各洞都是封闭式，里面叠藏石经板，洞门封锢，人不能出人。

房山石经是我国的石经宝库，也是世界的宝贵文化遗产。它对於研究我国古代文化、历史、艺术以及佛教历史和典籍都有重大价值和意义。辽金年代所刻石经，原以《契丹藏》为底本，但《契丹藏》早已失传。近年来从山西应县木塔中发现了《契用藏》残卷，与房山石经对照，完全相同。房山石经完好地保存了《契丹藏》佛经，这在世界佛经史上是件大事。房山石经是原刻石板，没有写经传抄所易产生的那种讹误、版本校勘价值极高。同时，它保存了50种以上的各版大藏经所没有的经籍。镂刻技术精淇，书法秀丽，不仅是有价值的佛教文物，也是中国书法雕刻艺术的精品。所以问世后，即名闻遐迩。在书法艺术方面，隋代刻经已是高手所书，唐代刻经更具有隋唐书法的优美风格。从石经中也可以看到我国书法风格的变迁和文字演变(如：俗写字，异体字，简化字，武周时期新造字等)情况。石经中有许多经文后面附刻有题记，这些题记是研究历代政治，经济，文化以及民风民俗的宝贵资料。从1956年开始中国佛教协会和有关部门一起，对房山石经进行了全面的调查、发掘和整理工作，目前已将部分石经进行编号，上架展览。

1981年11月中国社会科学院世界宗教研究所佛学家罗焰在洞内研修之际，於原地面拜石下五厘米处，发现一方石，下有一洞穴，内存石函、银函、玉函等，均以函函相套的方式加以密封。一号白玉石函，函盖上刻有172个字，函内还刻有83字铭文。这些文字记述了明代万历二十年(1592年)间，在石经山首次发现隋代所藏佛舍利情况。二号青石函，较上函略小;函盖上刻有“大隋大业十二年岁次丙子四月十已朔八日甲子於此函内安置佛舍利三粒原住持永劫”36字铭文。说明佛舍利在这里已珍藏l320xx年之久。三号汉白玉石函，有楔状抽斗盖，上有“佛舍利”以及上下款共26字。四号镀金银函，四周有青龙、白虎、朱雀、玄武四种刻线图案，盖上有花卉图案，内有木质彩绘香珠一颗、珍珠11颗。五号白玉函十分精巧，长宽各12厘米，高17厘米，里面放有两粒赤色小米粒大小的佛舍利，旁边还伴有两颗珍珠。

关於这些佛舍利的来历，据记载:隋文帝曾从一印度僧人处得到佛舍利，并於仁寿元年(620xx年)、仁寿二年(620xx年)、仁寿四年(620xx年)三次向全国各州颁发佛舍利，地处幽州的弘业寺和智泉寺皆有幸得到。而这两寺都距云居寺不很远。同时，云居寺创始人静碗法师原本是智泉寺僧人，是佛教天台宗慧思弟子，所似很可能当时皇帝也赐给了云居寺佛舍利。《憨山大师梦游集》和《帝京景物略》中曾记载明万历二十年在云居寺石经山雷音洞发现了三粒佛舍利。当时万历皇帝的母亲笃信佛教，於是迎入宫中供养三曰后又安放在雷音洞内，但是记载中的三粒佛舍利，现存只有两粒，据专家推断，其中一粒可能在明代万历皇帝母亲迎人宫内供养时不慎遗失或是被私自留下。目前这两粒佛舍利及相关文物被中国佛教协会保管，一俟云居寺修复后，将送回云居寺内安置，供各界人士瞻礼。

云居寺周围现存唐辽石塔及辽代砖塔共六座，互相拱卫，从而形成云居寺特殊的佛教人文景观。其中唐代(618-920xx年)所建方形石塔，以著名的房山石窟汉白玉为原料，精雕而成。塔分单层和密檐式两种，平面呈方形，正面辟尖拱形门，内两侧刻披甲胄金刚武士，生动逼真。其中唐开元十五年(720xx年)建的石塔内两壁所刻浑目高鼻供养人形象，反映出盛唐时期民族团结的繁荣景象。这批石塔是北京地区现存最早古塔，成为研究唐代幽州地区文化史和佛教史的珍贵实物资料。1949年后，人民政府对云居寺所藏石经进行了发掘和整理。到现在还完好保存的石经就有14 278块，分别藏在对面石经山上的9个洞内和云居寺文物保管所里。1961年3月，国务院将云居寺遗址、两座辽塔、八座唐塔、藏经洞和石经，列为全国重点保护文物，并为保护这些珍贵的文物，先后对辽代北塔进行了加固维修，安装了避雷设施，为保护石经板盖了石经库，以使这些上千年的古代珍贵文物代代相传。北京市人民政府於1935年4月1曰决定修复云居寺。第一期工程，天王殿、毗卢殿已竣工开放。原云居寺千年遗物——汉白玉镌刻的圆形山门雄姿也已复原。为更好地保护石经，避免风化剥蚀，现已决定於1999年9月9曰9目9时9分9秒，将全部石经全部重新秘封於地下。石经藏而天下安，这项举措必成这佛教史上的一件大事。

云居寺因珍藏着15000余块石刻佛教大藏经被誉为"北京的敦煌"。在云居寺周围两平方公里的范围内，内云居寺，石经山藏经洞，唐、辽塔群构成了我国古代佛教文化一大宝 库。房山云居寺石刻佛教大藏经始刻于隋大业年间，历经唐、辽、金、元、明六个朝代千余年，刻经1122部，3572卷，刻石14278块，分藏于石经山九个藏经洞和云居寺地穴 之中。现又将木雕《龙藏经》7.7万多块，明代经2万多卷运藏于寺。石经、纸经、木板经过这三种经本已称为世界"三绝"。 陈列展览有"石经展览"。

云居寺有五大院落六进殿宇，东接上方山，西俯拒马河，占地7万多平方米，两侧有配殿和帝王行宫、僧房，并有南北两塔对峙，历史悠久，饱经沧桑。解放后，云居寺经过两次大规模修复重现庄严。云居寺古时亦有"碑海塔林"之称，现存碑20余块、塔10余座，是其宝贵的文化遗产。

石经山在云居寺东二里处，俗称小西天。海拔450米。这里不仅是房山石经刊刻起源之处，也是佛祖舍利出土之处，4196块隋唐石经为国之重宝，以雷音洞、金仙公主塔为代表的众多历史遗迹，具有极高的价值。

据考，石经始刻于隋大业十二年(公元620xx年)，僧人静琬为维护正法，镌刻经于石。刻经事业历经隋、唐、辽、金、元、明六个朝代，绵延1039年，刻佛经1122部，3572卷，14278块，分藏于石经山9个藏经洞和云居寺地穴之中，规模之大，历时之长，是世界文化史上罕见的壮举，堪与闻名寰宇的万里长城、京杭大运河相媲美，是世上稀有而珍贵的文化遗产。

大家好，我是你们的导游，今天我们要游览解放后北京建造的第一座公园——陶然亭公园。 陶然亭公园青山碧水，风景秀丽，还是娱乐休闲的胜地呢!好，现在陶然亭公园已经一展美丽等候我们的参观，看!那里百花盛开，那里百鸟齐鸣，不时还传来人们洋溢的笑声，让人好像在仙境一般。在不远处还有一块大石碑，上面刻着：更待菊黄家酿熟，与君一醉一陶然。多美的诗句!这么美的诗句，再配上这么美的公园真是“般配”呀! 我们再来看旁边那个四季如画的陶然亭湖。

春天，陶然亭湖的边上开满了野花，红的似火，粉的似霞，白的似雪;把湖面染的五彩缤纷;有时还招来几只蝴蝶。夏天，陶然亭湖喧闹起来，喷泉像长龙似的趴在河岸，一股股清澈的水冲腾而上，四溅开来，多么像一颗颗珍珠啊!秋天，小河静得像一面镜子，几片枯黄的叶子飘落下来，好像是几条小船。秋去冬来，湖面上被下的雪掩盖了，雪姐姐小声的对河伯伯说：“河伯伯，被子暖和吗?祝您做个好梦，晚安。”就这样，陶然亭一年又一年被人们称为“一幅永远不会消失的画”。

我们游览完陶然亭湖，跨过玉虹桥，走完中心岛，就来到了华夏名亭园。华夏名亭园里一排排高耸的竹子，在伴着悠扬的音乐和具有浓厚文化气息的10个亭子，让人情不自禁的想起那种幽静的大自然的美。比如说独醒亭吧，从外观上来看跟别的亭子没有什么区别，但是只要你一进到亭子里，一阵微风吹过，一股有着一点儿清新和泥土芬芳的味道扑面而来，哦!我知道了这是大自然的味道!

陶然亭公园历史悠久，具有浓厚文化气息还有最重要的说也说不尽的美丽景色，希望大家有时间来细细游玩，再见!

介绍北京大学的导游词

北大创办于1898年，原名京师大学堂，光绪皇帝亲笔题词“京师大学堂”匾额。它是中国第一所国立的综合性大学，也是当时最高的教育行政机关，是康梁百日维新的措施之一。以下是小编为大家整理的北京大学导游词，欢迎大家参考。

北京大学导游词1

北大燕园其实是原来燕京大学的校址，但是很多北大学生对此段历史知之甚少，然而最近有很多团体来北大参观，最让人神往的莫过于未名博雅的秀丽景色，如不能让参观者知道关于这个园子的真实历史，实在让人惭愧，谨以此文分享给愿意做导游的学生，希望我们的一言一行都为这个校园增添光彩!

西校门

西校门是北京大学原来的正门。因为是校友1920xx年捐资所建，故也称作校友门。1920xx年3月15日，燕大正式挂匾，同时举办男女两校合并的联欢会，合并仪式由蔡元培主持，校门上燕京大学的牌匾为他所题。

西门华表

这两座华表是圆明园安佑宫中的遗物之一，当年被安放在安佑宫琉璃坊前。在清末民初崇彝的《道咸以来朝野杂记》中有记载曰： “鸿慈永祜，在月地云居之后，循山径入，其中为安佑宫，乾隆七年建，其前琉璃坊三座，左右华表刻云气，甚精巧，民国十四年犹及见之。闻人言：今已为燕京大学所取。” 根据这段记载，这两座华表至迟当建于乾隆七年(1742)。至于如何从圆明园移到燕园，当年的《燕京大学校刊》曾对此有较为详细的记载，称移此华表时，曾“商诸圆明园之主管者，拟将此石柱移归本校保存，并经地方当事人之认可，遂鸠工起运，陆续移来三座…”，“国立北平图书馆落成，商准北平市政府，将存放天安门前之石柱移归该馆，同时函商本校，请将所存之三柱移赠其一，……当即准如所请，函报市政府备案，并声明尚存二柱，仍由本校保存，旋得市政府认可，於是本校行政执行委员会乃决议将此二柱竖立於贝公楼前，以资瞻仰。此项竖立费及配制柱顶之镇物费，为数约一千数百元。” 但是仔细观察一下这对华表，会发现一粗一细，并非一对。原来1920xx年燕京大学建校舍时，只从圆明园运来了三根，第四根却被运到城里，1931年曾横卧在天安门前道南。当北京图书馆建文津街新馆时，欲将燕大多余的一根华表搬走与天安门前的另一根合成一对，不料搬运时阴错阳差，结果燕大和北图的华表皆不成对，成就了这一桩趣事。

贝公楼(Bashford Hall)：

燕大的主楼，即现在北大的办公楼，称为贝公楼，是为纪念美以美会会督贝施德(又译贝施福)，1920xx年落成时的英文名即为Bashford Hall。燕京大学的前身是美国美以美教会开办的汇文大学。其首任校长李安德是丁韪良的一位密友，当李安德于1893年因病去世以后，包括丁韪良在内的校董事会一致推选贝施福为汇文大学堂的第二任校长，同时选举刘海澜为常务副校长。贝施福当时也是美国俄亥俄州卫斯理大学的校长。虽然他于1920xx年正式来北京传教之前并没有太多的时间来实际主持和过问汇文大学堂的具体事务，但由于他是一位颇负盛名的教育家，同时又具有管理一所美国名牌大学的丰富经验，所以他对于提升汇文大学堂学术和管理水准是起了很大作用的。尤其是自从他亲自来北京主持美以美会的教务活动之后，以及在1913-1920xx年任上海美以美会会督期间，更是在汇文大学堂的财力上给予了鼎力支持。与此同时，贝施福还是一位藏书家和多产的史学家，编著过《中国与美以美会》(1906)、《美以美会在华一百年文献集》(1907)和《中国述论》(1916)等重要的在华教会史文献。1920xx年在上海逝世之前，贝施福向汇文大学堂遗赠了他所收藏的大量书籍，其中有很多是善本书。它们后来成为燕京大学图书馆西文书收藏中的核心部分。至今在北大图书馆的书库中仍能找到上千册有贝施福亲笔签名的西文书籍，内容大都跟在华传教士和中国历史文化有关。为了纪念他对于汇文大学堂和燕京大学的突出贡献， 1920xx年落成时便用他的名字命名。卫理会海外传教团捐款16万美元建造。 贝公楼的正门是在可以远眺燕山的西面。门前原来有一棵挺拔而高大的松树，还有一块西方所有大学校园均少不了的长方形草地。贝公楼正门上方的屋檐之下还挂有一块很大的牌匾，上书“贝公楼”三个大字。从1939年和1941年《燕大年刊》的老照片上我们都可以清晰地看到这一块牌匾。“贝公楼”的牌匾其实跟那块被奉为国宝的“大学堂”牌匾一样，都是具有很高历史文物价值的。

贝公楼原来正门的上方有一个小阳台，每当校内举行大型的集会时，这个阳台常常被用作一个讲坛，而听众们就站在办公楼与西校门之间的一大片草地上。1957年，当苏联的最高苏维埃主席伏罗希洛夫在周总理陪同下访问北大时，就曾经站在这儿对下面站满草坪北大师生发表过热情洋溢的讲演。可惜这样的壮观场面如今已难以重现。

宁德楼(Ninde Hall)

宁德楼(又称宗教楼，今北大外院民主楼)，是燕园第一座建筑，1920xx年落成，作为学校的宗教学院所在地，由在上海的甘维尔夫妇捐赠，以纪念前美以美会会督宁德威廉牧师(Bishop William X. Ninde)。宁德威廉牧师与其妻1895年来华，自此从未中断过祷告，祈求这个伟大而有着悠久历史的国家早日福音化 。宁德楼二楼有小礼拜堂，学校的主要圣事都在这里举行，这里还进行许多重要的选举，这个礼拜堂至今犹在。

穆楼(McBrier Recitation Hall)

由托事部的司库、银行家穆布莱(McBrier)捐款10万美元所建，今为北大外文楼。科学楼(Science Buildings)

其中一个由洛克菲勒基金会用于建设北京协和大学医学预科的资金中的一部分兴建，今为北大化学南楼和化学北楼。燕大图书馆

燕京大学图书馆位于贝公楼南侧，即今天的北京大学档案馆，是由托马斯•贝利(Thomas Berry)夫妇的三个女儿为纪念父母的遗愿——“在全中国推广学习”而捐款五万美元兴建的，以其收藏的善本书和古籍书而著称。1952年院系调整时，它已有图书期刊40万册，未编图书期刊18万册，另拓片120xx余张，木刻书板2400块。其中收善本以明、清刻本及抄本居多，宋元版本也不少。 善本书数量高达3578种，37484册。由于燕大作为原教会学校的特殊地位，在西文书收藏中最著名的要数基督教神学和有关基督教在文化传播史方面的收藏。古籍丛书也是国内图书馆中收藏最丰富者之一。此外，燕京大学图书馆还收到来自各方的赠书。其中有孙中山先生从自家书架上亲自取下的一包书，还有美国校友分别于1920xx年和1920xx年赠送的书。李赋宁先生在一篇题为《我与北大图书馆》的回忆文章中写道，在他初来北大任教的日子里，正是燕京大学保存的西文特藏书，使他能够顺利地备课和准备讲演稿，并在北大图书馆度过了一段祥和而严肃的研究时光。

甘德阁，麦风阁(又称姊妹楼，今南阁和北阁)

甘德阁为Mrs David Gamble捐款所建，南北二阁建于1920xx年，北边的麦风阁为音乐教室和男女学生活动室，南边的甘德阁当时作为女部的办公楼使用。它们是以美德博士(Miss Luella Miner)的名字来命名的。麦美德博士是原华北协和女子大学的校长，华北协和女子大学并入燕京大学以后，便自动成为燕大的女部，麦美德(Miner)就成为燕大首任女部主任。麦博士在任只有三年，但是为燕大作出了历史性的贡献。因而在海淀新校园落成时，依据当时给建筑命名的惯例，就将这两座美丽典雅的阁楼以麦美德来命名了。从甘德阁和麦风阁到南北阁的转变，估计也是因缘于钱穆先生的提议。从那时开始，甘德阁和麦风阁的名称就逐渐被人们淡忘在历史的角落了。

圣人楼(Sage Hall 今天的俄文楼)

当时是女子学院教学楼，由罗素•塞奇基金会(Russel Sage Foundation) 捐资兴建，二楼有礼拜堂，专供女子圣事服侍之用。钟亭铜钟系雍正皇帝降旨所造，是1920xx年，学校用哈佛燕京学社的款项从黑寺 购得。每隔半小时，校园里会响起悠扬的钟声。

男生宿舍(红一到红四楼)，女生宿舍(静园周围的院子)

男生宿舍由众多美国慈善家捐资兴建，第六宿舍由中国人捐资兴建。现在男生宿舍作为行政办公室，女生宿舍是各个文科院系所在地。

思义亭(又称鲁斯亭，今称湖心亭)

为斯克兰顿城(Scranton)的友人为纪念副校长路思义(Henry Winters Luce)所建)(一说为路思的长子亨利•鲁滨逊•路思(美国《时代》、《生活》杂志的创办人)捐资兴建)。路思义对中国的基督教高等教育事业有很大贡献，他像司徒雷登一样，积极筹款，促进了山东齐鲁大学的组建，1920xx年担任燕大副校长，积极为燕大建设筹款，鉴于他的贡献，中国台湾的东海大学还有以他为名，由贝聿铭设计的路思义教堂。

临湖轩

临湖轩作为校务长住宅，为司徒雷登友人美国费城的乔治•柯里夫妇捐建，其实，司徒雷登只住很少的部分，其他分别为学校接待、议事的场所，学校里各种社团开聚餐会、茶话会、招待贵宾、举行婚礼都可以在这里。1920xx年燕大创建10周年座谈会上，冰心教授提议命名为“临湖轩”，并请当时的北大文学院院长胡适题匾。女子体育馆(Boyd Building今北大二体) 女子体育馆系米兰•鲍埃的父母威廉•鲍埃夫妇(Mr. and Mrs. William Boyd)于1920xx年捐献了9万美元给燕京大学来建设一座女子体育馆，他们还捐献了1万美元在燕京设立奖学金。威廉•鲍埃先生曾经是YMCA(男性基督徒年青人联合会)的秘书，而鲍埃夫人又是国际YWCA(女性基督徒年青人联合会)的创始人之一，因此，他们在美国基督教为亚洲捐款的运动中极为活跃。由于他们的努力，在美国基督教女子团体捐助的亚洲7所女子学校中，燕大得到了最大的一笔。300万美元中的60万被用来建设燕京大学校园，鲍埃夫妇10万美元的捐助是其中的一部分。他们的女儿米兰•鲍埃毕业于美国威尔斯利女子学院化学系，因为对基督的信仰，1920xx年离开了刚订婚的未婚夫，远涉重洋，来到燕京大学教化学，是燕大最早的女教授之一，米兰后来成为燕大董事会的秘书，继续为燕大的发展筹集款项。不仅如此，她还极其关心中国人民的命运。抗日战争，米兰为中国难民救助会工作，筹集了很大一笔钱。她的女儿卡米拉参加了基督教教育学会的亚洲交流项目，并在1979年第一次来到中国作讲座，她的外孙女谢海日(Heather Smith Xie)24岁来到中国教书，如今，谢海日与她的中国丈夫谢勇住在香港，两个小孩先学中文，后学英文，已经能够流利地讲普通话、广东话和英文。她把她的家庭和生活看作中美友好交往的一个见证。

男子体育馆(Men’s Gymnasium)

即现在的北大一体，大楼是由燕大在美国的托事部主席Mr. Franklin Warner捐资兴建，旁边的运动场地是在纽约的Mr. Carl Hamilton帮助下整理出来的。

北京大学的导游词2

翻尾石鱼

翻尾石鱼是圆明园的遗物。1930年燕京大学的毕业生从原朗润园的主人载涛手中将石鱼买下赠给母校作为毕业留念.

博雅塔

为了向全校供水，亟需建一座水楼，但是它必需与未名湖的风光相协调，于是便仿照通州燃灯塔外形建此水塔，并从燕大教授博晨光(Lucius Porter)曾经在华北做过传教士的叔父James W. Porter那里捐来一笔钱专供建造水塔使用。塔便用博晨光教授的名字而命名，称为“博雅塔”。水塔仿通州古塔样式，共13层，高37米，中空、螺旋梯直通塔顶。

大家好!今天就是由我来担任你们的导游，大家可以叫我凌导。我们现在在开往大家都非常熟悉的：北京大学。

北京大学创立与1898你，名京师大学堂，是中国的第一所国立大学，是我国综合实力最强的大学之一，与清华大学齐名。

好了，现在已经到了北大的校门口了，请大家注意一下卫生，如有垃圾请扔到垃圾桶或垃圾袋里。好了。我们下车吧。

现在我们来到了北大最有名的：一塔湖图。塔是指博雅塔，塔级有十三级，高三十七公尺，本来是一座水塔，现在已成为了一处风景，供大家欣赏。湖是未名湖。当年取名时，参选的名称很多，但都不令人满意，最后由国学大师钱穆先生一锤定音，直接就叫"未名湖"了。图，就是我们现在来到的图书馆。这座图书馆，已经百年历史了。现在藏书1046万册，是亚洲最大的大学图书馆。

我们接着往前走。

看，这就是塔和湖。现在这里是一个风景优美的地方，我们一定要注意卫生。青大家慢慢欣赏。"

今天的游览到这里就结束了，希望大家多来玩!再见。

各位游客：

大家好，我是光明旅游社的导游，大家能够叫我卢导。这天游玩的地方是长城，期望大家做到这三点1不乱扔垃圾，2不在墙上刻字，3不破坏公物。期望大家玩得开心。

我们此刻在八达岭上，这一段长城高大坚固。大家看，城墙外沿，有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，不仅仅是屯兵的堡垒，而且打仗的时候城台之间还能够互相呼应呢!

大家单看这数不清的条石，一块有三两斤重，那时候没有火车汽车、起重机。就靠无数人的肩膀和无数的手，抬上着无数块石头。那时候，是多麽辛苦，凝结了多少人民的血汗和智慧。

说到那里我不由得想起了一个美丽动人的传说，这个美丽动人的传说的名字叫孟姜女哭长城。从前，有个人叫孟姜女，他很爱她的丈夫，但是有一天，官府抓她的丈夫说是犯罪了，一年过去了，她的丈夫没有消息，于是她就去找她的丈夫。但是，一去才明白她的丈夫被抓去修长城了，她立即动身，日夜兼程跑到了长城，但是她怎麽也找不到她的丈夫，一打听才明白她的丈夫被累死了。她哭啊哭，八百多里的长城倒下了，最后还是想不开跳河自杀了。孟姜女太感人了。

长城的地方很多，期望大家细细观赏。

Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:

My name is ___. I’m very honored to be youre guide. I do hope all of youcould like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. This morning weare going to visit the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is located on thenorthwest suburbs of Beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of thecity. So it will take us about 1 hour to get there. Before we arrived at theSummer Palace, I would like to introduce you a brief introduction of thewoderful imperial garden. The Summer Palace is the most beautiful and thelargest imperial garden existing in Chinan, and it is the best-preservedimperial garden in the world. In 1998, it was placed on the List of WorldCultural Heritage by the UNESCO.

The Summer Palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of12th century in the Jin Dynasty. The construction continued to the Yuan and Mingdynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached itsculmination. During Emperor Qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘Three Hills and FiveGardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of Beijing. The Summer Palace was apart of it and at that time was called the Garden of Clear Ripples. In 1860, theAnglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing. The ‘Three Hills and Five Gardens’were burnt down to ashes.

In 1888, the Empress Dowager Cixi spent the navy fund having the Garden ofClear Ripples rebuilt. And then she renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony(Summer Palace).

In 1900, the Allied Forces of Eight Powers invaded Beijing. The SummerPalace was once again severely damaged. It was rebuilt again in 1902.

In 1924, the Last Emperor Puyi was driven out of the palace, after that,the Summer Palace was turned into a public park.

Ladies and Gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway.It is called “Emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the firstscenery of the Summer Palace. The two Chinese words on the front side of thearchway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. Thetwo words on the back side mean Collection of Excellence and refer to thetranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the East Palace Gate)

Now, we have arrived at the East Palace Gate. It’s the main entrance of theSummer Palace. On top of the gate there is a plaque with three Chinesecharacters ‘The Summer Palace’ in Emperor Guangxu’s handwriting. The gate thatwe are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the olddays.

(Inside the East Palace Gate)

Now we are inside the Summer Palace. In front of us is the second gate ofthe Summer Palace— the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. The annex halls onboth sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the Privy Council.Well, Before we start our tour in the garden, I will briefly introduce you thelayout of the Summer Palace and our tour route. O.K., ladies and gentlemen, mayI have your attention please? Let’s look at the map together, From it we can seethe Summer Palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies thethree-fourths. The whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was forpolitical activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeingareas. Our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and endoff the Marble Boat. On the way, we will visit the main constructions of theSummer Palace, such as the Hall of Jade Ripples, the Hall of Happiness andLongevity, the Long Corridor, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and so on. It willtake us about two hours to visit the Summer Palace. Please attention, we won’twalk back and our driver will pick us up at the North Gate. Should you get lostor separated from the group, please meet us at the North Gate.

Ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the Hallof Benevolence and Longevity. Follow me please.

(Inside the courtyard of the Benevolence and Longevity)

Passing through the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity, we have alreadyentered the courtyard of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. The huge rock infront of us is Taihu Rock. It was quarried from Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province,so it was known as Taihu Rock. Please look around the courtyard and you can seethere are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard,representing the four seasons of the year. The Taihu Rocks are usually used asdecoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak andpenetration in characters.

The bronze mythical animal behind the Taihu Rock is known as Suanni or somepeople call it Qilin. According to ancient Chinese mythology, the dragon hadnine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. Suanni was one of the ninesons of the dragon. It was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits inancient lengeds. Suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hoovesof ox and the tail of lion.

(In front of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity)

This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It was firstbuilt in 1750. The name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘Lun Yu’ byConfucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.”This hall was the place where Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi heldaudience and handled state affairs when they were in the Summer Palace. Forprotecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. So I wouldlike to briefly introduce you the decorations in the Hall of Benevolence andLongevity. The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. In the middle ofthe hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. Thereare two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacockfeathers. Behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame andglass mirror inlaid. On the mirror there are 226 Chinese characters of the word‘Longevity’ written in different styles. There are two scrolls on each side ofthe wall with a big Chinese character ‘Longevity’ written on it. It was saidthat the word ‘Longevity’ written by Empress Dowager Cixi. There are 100 batspainted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

Well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of adragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. They were used to burn incense sticksto create the appropriate atmosphere. In the old days, the dragon and phoenixwere the symbol of the emperor and empress. According to ritual, the dragonsshould be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front ofthe hall.However, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes arein the middle. This was a product of the end of Qing Dynasty when EmpressDowager Cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(At the entrance of Garden of virtuour Harmony)

We are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlongand Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Bejing Opera performances. Itmainly consists of the Dressing House, the Grand Theater Building and the Hallof Pleasure Smile. The Grand Theater Building was known as the ‘Cradle ofBeijing Opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. There are 7exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(In front of the Grand Theater Building)

This is the Grand Theater Building. Of the three main theater buildings ofthe Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and largest one. Theother two are Changyin Pavilion in the Forbidden City and Qingyin Pavilion inthe Mountain Resort in Chengde. The Grand Theater Building, a three-storiedstructure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. It is 21 meters high and 17meters wide. Performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. Thetop one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and thebottom stage was named longevity stage. Each level has the entrance and theexit. There are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestialbeing’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to setoff a certain atmosphere on the stage. There is also a well and five ponds builtunder the stage for a good effect of water scenes. The stage is open to threesides.

Well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the GrandTheater Building, it’s the Hall of Pleasure Smile. The Empress Dowager Cixi usedbo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the Peking Opera.

(A lakeside walk from the Garden of virtuous Harmony to the Hall of JadeRipples)

We are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall ofBenevolence and Longevity. It appears that there’s nothing special ahead.However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake. This is anapplication of a specific style of Chinese

gardening.

Now, we are walking along the bank of the Kunming Lake. Look over there,not far away in the lake there is an islet. It’s called the Spring HeraldingIslet. The pavilion on the islet is called the Spring Heralding Pavilion. Anumber of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. In earlyspring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms,willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned.Hence the name ‘Heralding Sping Pavilion’.

(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)

This group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the Hall of JadeRipples. The words “Jade Ripples” came from a verse “Gentle ripples gushing outof Jade Spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. It was firstused by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs. In the late Qing Dynasty,it was where Emperor Guangxu was put under house arrest.

This hall is a hallmark of the Movement of 1898. Emperor Guangxu wasEmperor Dowager Cixi’s nephew. After Emperor Tongzhi died, Emperor Dowager Ciximade her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order tocontinue her hold on imperial power. She ‘handled state affairs behind thescreen’. After Emperor Guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers.In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the coreprinciples of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws. The movementlasted for103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi. It wascalled the ‘Hundred-Day Reform’. After the reform failed, Emperor Guangxu wasput under house arrest here. For the strict control of him, Empress Dowager Cixiordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and leftof the Hall of Jade Ripples. At that time the hall was entirely sealed up, justlike a prison. Today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room stillmaintain its original appearance. It is open to visitors as the relic related tothe 1898 Reform Movement.

(In front of the Chamber of Collecting Books)

This is the Chamber of Collecting Books. In Chinese, it’s called “Yi YunGuang”. “Yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. In ancient times, it was usually usedas termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.In the Emperor Qianlong’sreign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. Later it was convertedinto a residence. There used to be the residence of Guangxu’s Empress Longyu,and his favorite concubine Zhenfei.

(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)

This group of courtyard is the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. It was themajor architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence ofEmpress Dowager Cixi. The whole compound was basically made of wood, which isideal for ventilation and lighting. With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hallof Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient. In front of theHall of Happiness and Longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle ofthis courtyard named “Qing Zhi Xiu” and nicknamed as “Family Bankruptcy Rock”.This huge rock was discovered in Fangshan District by a Ming official MiWanzhong. He wanted to transport it to his own garden “Shaoyuan”. In the olddays, transporting such rock was very difficult. After spending all his money toship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. The big rock was then left onthe roadside somewhere near Liangxiang County, 30 kilometers southwest ofBeijing. Hence it was nicknamed “Family Bancruptcy Rock”. Later Emperor Qianlongdiscovered it and transported to the Garden of Clear Ripples and laid in frontof the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. The colorful glass chandeliers hanginginside the hall was introduced from Germany in 1903. It is one of the earliestelectric lights in China.

(In front of the Gate of Inviting the Moon of the Long Corridor)

Ladies and Gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in theworld, such as the Louvre in France and the Museum of Great Britain. Now I willshow you a special gallery in the palace—the Long Corridor. In 1990, the LongCorridor was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as ‘the longestpainted corridor’ in the world’. It would be a pity if we leave the SummerPalace without visiting the Long Corridor and the Marble Boat. Now, here we go,the Long Corridor first!

(Strolling along the Long Corridor)

The Long Corridor starts from the Gate Inviting the Moon to the ShizhangGate. It is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. The Long corridor isone of the major structures of the Summer Palace. Since the corridor wasdesigned to follow the physical features of the southern slope of LongevityHill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( Retaining the GoodnessPavilion, Living with the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion, Clear and FarPavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of ayear. Thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. As amajor part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridorserves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the Hill. Scatteredbuildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

The Long Corridor is the longest covered veranda in any Chinese garden. Onthe purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 Suzhou stylepaintings. Among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes ofWest Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Beside the colorful paintings ofnatural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects,mythology and figures. The paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancientChinese classical literature, such as ‘Pilgrimage to the West’, ‘The Romance ofthe Three Kingdoms’, ‘The western Chamber’, “Water Margin’, and ‘The Dream ofthe Red Mansion’.

(In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds)

Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakesideslope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds. Thecentral axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the Sea of Wisdom ontop of the Hill. The main architectural structures here are the Gate ofDispelling Clouds, Hall of Dispelling clouds, Tower of Buddhist Incense and theSea of Wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. Thelayout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhistsutras. This group of structures are among the most magnificently constructedhere in the Summer Palace. This is a good place to taking photos, we will stayhere for about 15 minutes.

Now we are walking continuely along the Long Corridor, the next scene weare going to visit is Marble Boat.

Look over there! Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall of Listening toOrioles. It was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and courtmusic. It is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. Before the Garden ofVirtuous Harmony was built, Empress Dowager Cixi enjoyed opera and music here.Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperialdishes and desserts.

This is the famous Marble Boat. A famous scientist of China’s Eastern HanDynasty once said, “Water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” Aprime minister of Tang Dynasty Wei Zheng once used these words to persuade LiShimin, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He said people are water and theemperor is the boat. People can support a good emperor. However, they also canoverthrow the dynasty. Emperor Qianlong built this huge boat in the Garden inorder to make the allusion concrete. On one hand, Emperor Qianlong encouragedhimself to run the country well. On the other hand, he wanted to show that hisrule of the Qing Dynasty was as firm as the Marble Boat and there was no fear ofoverturning the boat. The Marble Boat was the place for Emperor Qianlong tosample tea and enjoy the scenery of Kunming Lake. Emperor Qianlong once camehere to engage in the freeing of captive animals. In the times of Qianlong, theMarble Boat was a Chinese styled stone boat with a Chinese style woodensuperstructure on the top of it. When it was rebuilt in the times of Guangxu, aforeign and Chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to theboat, one on each side. The floor was paved with colored bricks. All of thewindows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. A big mirror was installed onthe superstructure for viewing rain.

Our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the Marble Boat. Today weonly visited the major scenic spots of the Summer Palace. I have left otherspots of interest for your next visit. I will now show you out through the RuyiGate. Our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. I do hope you enjoyedtoday’s tour. Thank you.

Welcome to Yueyang Tower, one of the three famous buildings in Jiangnan.Today, I will introduce Yueyang Tower to you as a super tour guide. My name isLuo Ganquan. You can call me Luo Dao or Xiao Luo.

Yueyang Tower is located on the Bank of Dongting Lake with beautifulscenery and long history. Fan Cuyan of Song Dynasty once wrote Yueyang Tower topraise Yueyang Tower.

Yueyang Tower is 21.35 meters high, with four columns and three floors. Itis a pure wood structure without a brick. There are four ridges on the eaves ofeach layer. The first ridge is decorated with lotus flowers and lotus pods, andthe head up is Phoenix; the second layer is the head up tap; the third layer isdecorated with rolled grass, and the head up is Huiwen Ruyi Xiangyun. The roofof Yueyang Tower, especially the helmet of ancient generals, is called helmettop. Because helmet top is very rare in ancient Chinese architecture, it is oneof the important factors that makes Yueyang Tower famous. The whole YueyangTower has made amazing achievements in aesthetics, architecture and technology,so it has enjoyed the reputation of "Yueyang World Tower" since ancienttimes.

In fact, Yueyang Tower is really famous in the world when fan Cuyan wroteYueyang Tower. In the fourth year of Qingli period, Teng Zijing was demoted tobe the magistrate of Yuezhou for being framed. As soon as he took office, he didthree major things: first, he built Yanhong dike to prevent the waves ofDongting Lake; second, he set up county school to cultivate talents; third, herebuilt Yueyang Tower. The scale of the rebuilt Yueyang Tower was verymagnificent, but Teng Zijing knew that it was not enough to rely on its grandeuralone. Teng Zijing immediately thought of Fan Zhongyan, who was the same as TengZijing. Fan Cuyan, like Teng Zijing, was demoted as the magistrate of Dengzhoubecause he was framed. Teng Ziren drew a picture of the autumn evening inDongting and wrote a letter of Qiuji to introduce the momentum and structure ofYueyang Tower. After reading it, Fan Zhongyan finally wrote the famous story ofYueyang Tower, in which "worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later"has become a famous sentence of reincarnation, inspiring generations of futuregenerations to work hard.

All right, everybody can go into the building now. Ladies and gentlemen,the first thing you can see here is Yueyang Tower, which is composed of 12pieces of red sandalwood. It is said that Teng Zijing was overjoyed when hereceived Yueyang Tower. He immediately asked Su Shunqin, the great calligrapherat that time, to write it and Shao song, the famous sculptor, to carve it on awooden plaque. As a result, "Lou, Ji, calligraphy, sculpture" is known as thefour unique. Its a pity that what we see now is not the "four unique plaque".It was destroyed in the fire as early as the reign of emperor Shenzong of theSong Dynasty. The Yueyang Tower here was written by Zhang Zhao, a greatcalligrapher and Minister of the Ministry of punishment in the Qianlong periodof the Qing Dynasty.

Thats all for me. Ill give you 15 minutes to take photos.

Dear tourists

Welcome to Yueyang Tower, one of the three famous buildings inJiangnan.

Now standing in front of you is Yueyang Tower. The three characterhorizontal plaque of "Yueyang Tower" hanging on the top of the building wasproposed by Chairman Mao Zedong in 1961 and asked to be inscribed by Mr. LiMoruo. Yueyang Tower is 21.35 meters high, with four columns, three floors,cornice, helmet top and pure wood structure. In the middle, the big nanmu columncarries most of the gravity from the ground to the top, and then 12 "goldcolumns" are used as the inner wall to support the second floor. Around theperiphery, 20 eaves columns are used to restrain each other and form a whole.The cornices and the roof use umbrella shaped frame to transfer the load. Thethird floor is lined with Ruyi Dou arches, which support the roof. There is nota single brick in the whole building. All of them are made of wood. The doorjoints and tenons are made of strict structure, exquisite workmanship and solemnmodeling. Eaves and roof, are covered with yellow glazed tiles. There are fourridges on the eaves of each layer. The first ridge is decorated with lotus andlotus pods, and the head up is Phoenix; the second one is the head up tap; thethird one is decorated with rolled grass, and the head up is Huiwen RuyiXiangyun. The whole pavilion has double eaves, locked windows, carved beams andpainted buildings, red pillars and colorful couplets, which are resplendent andmagnificent. In particular, the top of the third floor is very similar to thehelmet of an ancient general, which is called the helmet top, which is quiterare in the ancient architecture of this country. The whole Yueyang Tower hasmade amazing achievements in aesthetics, mechanics, architecture and technology,so it has been known as "Yueyang World Tower" since ancient times.

You cant help but ask, since its a famous building in the world, why onlythree floors were built? Its said that the builders at that time chose thetime, the location and the harmony of people. The predecessor of Yueyang Toweris Yuejun tower of Lu Su, a general of the Three Kingdoms. More than 1700 yearsago, in the 20th year of Jianan in the Eastern Han Dynasty, in order to competewith Liu Wu for Jingzhou, Sun Quan of the eastern Wu Dynasty sent Lu Su to leadten thousand soldiers to garrison the strategic area of Bachu, which is todayYueyang. Lu Su practiced the water army in Dongting Lake, built a strong city inthe west of the city near the mountains and rivers, and built the Yuejun towerto command and inspect the water army, which is the predecessor of YueyangTower. During the Tang Dynasty, Yuejun building was expanded, which basicallyhad the original architectural art and historical style. Now, please follow meinto yuelou.

Dear tourists, the first thing that catches our eyes here is the carvedscreen of Yueyang Tower, which is composed of 12 pieces of red sandalwood. As wesaid earlier, the name of Yueyang Tower was only used in the Tang Dynasty.During this period, Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin and other talentedcelebrities, or uninhibited emigrants came one after another. They went up tothe building to look into the distance, went boating in Dongting, and workedhard to write.

However, Yueyang Tower was really famous in the world after Teng Zijingrebuilt it in the Northern Song Dynasty and Fan Zhongyan wrote Yueyang Tower. Inthe fourth year of Qingli period, Teng Zijing, who was falsely accused, wasdemoted to be the magistrate of Yuezhou. After he took office, he organizedthree major events: first, he built Yanhong dike under Yueyang Tower Lake toprevent the waves of Dongting Lake; second, he set up county school to cultivatetalents; third, he rebuilt Yueyang Tower. The rebuilt Yueyang Tower ismagnificent in scale. Teng Zijing is a man of both culture and martial arts. Hethinks that "Louguan is not a reporter for a long time without words.". Such apavilion, you must have a title record, in order to be immortal. So he thoughtof Fan Zhongyan, a good friend of his own. Then he wrote a Book of Qiuji, whichintroduced the structure and momentum of Yueyang Tower after repair, poured outhis eagerness to ask Fan Zhongyan to write a record, and asked someone to draw apicture of autumn evening in Dongting, which transcribed the poems and Odes ofYueyang Tower chanted by celebrities of all dynasties, and sent them toDengzhou, Henan Province, where Fan Zhongyan was demoted at that time. FanZhongyan is a famous statesman, litterateur and militarist in the Northern SongDynasty. Like Teng Zijing, he was rejected and attacked for advocatinginnovation politics and was demoted to Dengzhou. After receiving Teng Zijingsletter, he read it again and again, conceived it carefully, and finally wrotethe famous story of Yueyang Tower. Although the full text of this article isonly 368 words, it is broad in content, profound in philosophy, majestic inmomentum, and sonorous in language. Among them, "first worry about the world,then enjoy the world" has become a famous sentence handed down from generationto generation. As a matter of fact, the reason why Yueyang Tower can be praisedin the past dynasties is that it skillfully and vividly integrates a majorideological proposition into the description of beautiful scenery. It enlightenspeople: "dont be happy with things, dont be sad", and shows the loftyphilosophy of life that "worry about the world first, and enjoy the worldlater". The authors noble sentiment and broad mind can not help but make peoplesigh. It inspires people from generation to generation to think about life,honor and disgrace, and know their mission. As an accumulation of the noblepersonality culture of the excellent intellectuals of the Chinese nation, thestory of Yueyang Tower, with its supreme ideological content and artistic charm,has been handed down for thousands of years and is immortal, nourishing peopleshearts. Since then, Yueyang Towers fame has been greatly publicized both athome and abroad. This is what people call "the text is preserved by thebuilding, and the building is named by the text". It is said that Teng Zijingwas overjoyed when he received Fan Zhongyans Yueyang Tower. He immediatelyasked Su Shunqin, a great calligrapher, to write it and Shao song, a famoussculptor, to carve it on a wooden plaque. As a result, Lou, Ji, calligraphy andsculpture are all called "four wonders". Unfortunately, what we see now is notthe "four unique plaque". It was destroyed in the fire in the Shenzong period ofthe Song Dynasty. The carving screen we see is written by Zhang Zhao, a famouscalligrapher and Minister of punishment in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty.

Now, lets pay attention to the four big nanmu pillars in the first floor.The four columns run from the bottom of the building to the top of the building,supporting the whole weight of the building. Then, 12 columns replace the innerring to support the second floor. Around 20 wooden columns, they restrain eachothers bolt joints and tenons, forming a whole. The whole Yueyang Tower is ofpure wood structure, and no iron nail can be found. You can also see that on thefour walls of the building, there are many pairs of wooden plaques, which arecouplets of Yueyang Tower chanted by ancient and modern masters. The couplethanging in the middle of the hall was written by he Shaoji, a great calligrapherin the Qing Dynasty. It is the longest couplet in Yueyang Tower. This coupletis:

On the first floor, whats strange? Du Shaolings five charactermasterpiece, fan Xiwens two words about love, Teng Zijings all kinds of waste,and LV Chunyangs three times will make him drunk. Shiye? Ruye? Liye? Xianye? Noancients before, which makes me sad.

Please have a look: Dongting, jixiaoting, Hunan, the Yangtze River to thenorth of wuxia, baling to the west of laishuangqi, Yuezhou to the east ofYanjiang. He who keeps _, who flows, who stands, is the town. There is a realmeaning in it. Who can understand it.

The first couplet starts with "whats strange on the first floor", whichlists the achievements and traditions of poets, famous Confucians, virtuousofficials and wine immortals left in Yueyang Tower, expressing the authorsregret for the past and the present; the second couplet introduces the famousmountains, Dachuan, Xiongguan and dangerous towns of baling. If you write downthis couplet, you will have a general understanding of Yueyang Tower.

(on the second floor of Yueyang Tower)

As soon as we came to the second floor, we immediately found that a carvedscreen of Yueyang Tower was also hung on the second floor. Why? There is a realstory in it. During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, a magistratesurnamed Wu came to Yueyang. As soon as he took office, he took a fancy to thescreen carving of Yueyang Tower. He bribed a folk art sculptor with a large sumof money. He spent 17 months carefully copying and secretly copying the screencarving. Two years later, taking advantage of the opportunity of beingtransferred from Yueyang Tower, Wuzhi county took advantage of the opportunityto steal the beam and change the column, and fled on a stormy night with thecarved screen of Jiaxiao and Zhang Zhao. I didnt expect that soon after theboat was sailing, the wind and rain were so strong that the boat was overturnedin the jiumazui section of Dongting Lake. The carved screen also drifted withthe waves. Because it was made of red sandalwood, it all sank into the water.Later, the lake was dry and shallow, and the original carving screen of YueyangTower was salvaged by local fishermen. During salvage, the word "Gehu" on theeighth screen and the word "Le" on the tenth screen were damaged. After hearingthe news, Wu Minshu, a local scholar, bought back the carved screen from thefishermen with 120 grain silver. It took three years to copy Zhang Zhaoshandwriting before he added the damaged three words. As you can see, there areobvious mending marks on the carving screen. Nearly 120__ later, when theYueyang Tower was renovated again, local officials used 120 pieces of ocean toredeem the screen from the descendants of the Wu family and hang it on thesecond floor of the Yueyang Tower. As for the one on the first floor, althoughit is a fake, it has a history of 120__ years. Of course, it is a culturalrelic. Two sets of carved screens, one true and one false, are just like a listof merits and demerits, revealing to future generations, which is worthpondering.

(upper third floor)

Now we are on the third floor of Yueyang Tower. In the middle of the hall,there is a woodcut screen of Chairman Mao Zedongs poem "climbing Yueyang Tower"written by Du Fu. Dus poem reads: "once I heard the Dongting water, now I amgoing to Yueyang Tower. In the southeast of Wu and Chu, heaven and earth floatday and night. There is no certainty between relatives and friends. The armypasses the mountain north, depending on the Xuan tears Si flow His calligraphystyle is bold and unrestrained, rigorous layout, vigorous and straight, and hasboth form and spirit. His brush strokes are similar to those of wild grass ofhuaisu in Tang Dynasty. This is an impromptu book written by Chairman Mao on thetrain in the autumn of 1964 when he returned to Beijing by train from Changshaand passed by Yueyang. On both sides of the screen, there is the shortestcouplet of Yueyang Tower, only eight characters. The first couplet is "the samecolor of water and sky", and the second couplet is "boundless wind and moon".Signed as "Chang Geng Li Bai". When we stand on the third floor and look outfrom the window, we can see that the water and sky of Dongting Lake are in thesame color. When the wind is clear and the moon is boundless, and the mountainsand lakes gather in the building, can we get the feeling that "the water and thesky are in the same color, and the wind and the moon are boundless"? Finally,please look up at the roof again. The color of the roof is rich in national andlocal characteristics. The Ruyi Dougong is stacked against each other. It bearsthe load. The arch supports the roof and uses the umbrella frame to carry theload. Like the helmet top structure, it is also rare in our existing ancientbuildings.

In order to deepen the connotation of the famous building and enrich thecontent of the scenic spot, Yueyang Tower is speeding up the construction of thescenic spot and has made plans. Ill explain the introduction of Yueyang Towerto you. Welcome to Yueyang next time. I wish you a pleasant journey and apleasant journey!

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

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北京十渡金沙乐园整个园区分登山游览区、戏水划船区、沙滩娱乐区和综合服务区。您来此可观瀑布、走竹桥、上天梯、看斗泉、钻松林、登顶峰、吸鲜氧、眺美景;也可游泳、戏水、乘筏、划船、驾车、打球,还可乘丛林飞鼠、激流勇进、海盗船等大中型游乐设施，挑战自我，享受新鲜刺激，或漫步沙滩，沐浴阳光，自在休闲。金沙乐园是您娱乐、健身、休闲、渡假的理想去处，还为您提供吃、住、玩一条龙服务。总之，金沙乐园皆妙趣，娱乐无限各不同，健康娱乐释激情，山欢水笑迎嘉宾。

十渡导游词作文范文

晚上7：00，咱们坐上回京的火车。这一天真是精疲力竭。咱们几个十分困难找了个座位坐下来，不知不觉中进入了梦乡。这次游览对我来说有许多的首次，首次漂流，首次坐快艇，首次划竹伐。有太多的首次，它们都将储存在我的脑海里，变成夸姣的回想。

这次咱们玩得都很开心。唯一不愉快地即是和导游引发的争执。本来换位想一想，她们真的不容易，后来我一想，要按她们说的，5人50，4人40，1人免票。这样算起来仍是挺划算的。比后来每人45值。但能够是她们的做法让咱们厌烦，老是跟着咱们，期望往后不要再这样了。

这次咱们10自个聚在一同真的很可贵，往后有时机必定要再好好聚一聚。游完十渡，我也该预备学习了，好好的再来一年。同学们也要开端大学生活了，必定要努力学哦。等下一年的这个时分咱们再团聚。本来最少十年没有写什么东西了，言辞生涩自不待言，权当作流水账供咱们看吧，说不定你们错失的刚好被俺记住呢。此为序。

嗯，早就期望这一天了。上星期五下班后赶紧冲到物美，随意捡了几样东西(没想到后来居然受到咱们盛赞，呵呵，可见俺在美食方面仍是有必定天分的，暂时按下不表。)，然后回去简略收拾了一下就上床歇息了，为第二天的出游休养生息。

期盼已久的7.28总算来临了!要知道从俺们云冈到青年公寓正常情况下要一个半钟头呢!所以俺5点半就起床，洗漱收拾结束6点按时出发，宁早毋迟啊!由所以周末的早晨吧，坐车一路比较顺畅，7点半就到翠宫了。从通往青年公寓的小巷里，迈着清爽的脚步，脸上泛动的春意为俺引来了几个路人的注目礼。俺乃至还悠闲地吃了早点呢。

抵达青年公寓门口时，见一人气昂昂气昂昂地在路北一侧行走。定睛一看，本来是天鹅mm。呵呵，真好，俺正不知道怎样找到组织呢。顺着天鹅的手指看过去，frankguy正在大巴周围等咱们咱们的到来。不一会儿，sg、mv们连续赶到，很快就济济一车了。大概是8点半摆十渡孤山寨导游词布吧，车子在咱们的欢声笑语中起程了。

俺素有牌棍之称，今天出游十渡孤山寨导游词岂能错失?所以号召人马，预备一场激战。由于天鹅只会“干瞪眼”(注：一种扑克牌的玩法，比较简略的说)，所以咱们也只好一同“干瞪眼”。玩不了几局，能够咱们觉得干瞪眼too simple吧，所以咱们三人(花月楼台，舞之精灵，cathlina)共同建议玩双升。但是天鹅不怎样会玩，忧虑被轻视不敢参与。几经劝说无效，所以我定定地望着她，说道：做人要有被人轻视的勇气!要想往后不被他人轻视，那就如今让咱们轻视!天鹅必定是从我坚定的眼神和口气中获得了一种近乎舍生忘死十渡孤山寨导游词的勇气，所以就义无反顾的投入了战役。想那易水河畔的勇士亦不过如此!最终谁输谁赢记不清了，只记住正在鏖战之时，忽听得咱们一阵惊呼，忙昂首向窗外望去，但见路旁一池的荷花，大多为白色，婀娜多姿，不染纤尘，纤尘不染。。。。。。

不觉之中，车子现已到了目的地。咱们放下行囊，稍事歇息就开端了十渡之行的第一个项目——划竹筏。那片河塘不远，转瞬即到。青山绿水随即映入眼帘，一排竹筏整齐排列在岸边。

真是天公做美，盛夏之时可贵有阴云连绵遮挡炎日。但是时值正午依然有些炽热。可我一见清澈见底的河水——碧草泛动，鱼十渡孤山寨导游词儿徜徉，便觉神清气爽，暑气全无。吾非鱼，亦知鱼之乐也!且看一帮sg、mv兀自徜徉犹疑，有的技能欠佳，有的在寻觅...呵呵，人家内心的隐秘嘛，不要说出来啦!“人生只百年，此日最易过”，如此良辰美景，岂能扭捏错失?!所以俺十渡孤山寨导游词一个箭步而后又纵身一跃，悄悄落在竹筏之上。“好俊的功夫!”本以为会赢来一片喝彩，谁知背对咱们良久，也没有比及这一句。只好自个渐渐转过身来，唉...悄悄的一声喟叹，识我者谁与?

竹筏之上乐事甚多。俺自以为现已是划筏内行了，由于现已划过一次十渡孤山寨导游词嘛，呵呵，所以驾驭起来也还算是称心如意。咱们把竹筏分而合，合而分，时而是一个强大的舰队浩浩荡荡，时而又各自为阵激流勇进(有些夸大的说，呵呵)。记住河塘中心有一个小岛——由几块硕圆的石头组成，俺们几个乐于冒险的决议上岛留影。他们几个都安然无恙全身而退。总算轮到俺了，嘿嘿，露一手的时机又来了!又是纵身一跃!这一跃可不打紧，但见那只竹筏直直撤退三尺有余!!!眼看自个陷于绝境，不由脱口而呼：“天哪!十渡孤山寨导游词俺的轻功再好也飞不回竹筏上了啊!”。引来一阵哄笑。哼，俺又没说错!可巧此刻俺的伙伴小双同志，挟制打劫，不然不把竹筏接近。唉，谁让俺过早的把自个的缺点说出来呢，游水的水平止于狗刨啊。虽说十渡孤山寨导游词自个的狗刨技能已臻化境，但在这小河塘里，实在难以发挥开来。也罢!正思忖计划举手屈服之际，小双现已驾筏接近接我上去。其时那个感谢啊，小双——济困扶危，救人于危险，多好的同志啊!!!期间俺们还驾筏到岸边采摘了几枝野花，尽管比不上玫瑰的秀丽多姿，但自有卓著不群洒脱出尘的风致。

夸姣的韶光老是时间短的十渡孤山寨导游词。好在有那么多相机，把咱们芳华的笑脸，活泼的身姿，一切让人难忘的和值得回想的刹那间都保留了下来，随时都可以让咱们进入一个久期而美好的梦。

咱们一行来到了十渡风景区，该风景区距北京市区约有100公里，素十渡孤山寨导游词有北方桂林之称。这儿峰峭水曲，风光秀丽如画，沿途有许多秀丽的风光，只因九渡有水上公园，可以供游人荡浆泛舟，所以咱们直截了当地去九渡划竹筏。

来到九渡，我和小雪迫不急待地登上了筏子，拿起了竹竿，等余大爷和父亲登上竹筏后，飞也似的离开了岸。但是还沉迷在想像中的我，被小雪的叫声拉了回来，只听她说：“李楷，竹筏怎样没动呀?”我睁眼一看，本来竹筏并十渡孤山寨导游词不是像我想像的那样披荆斩棘地离去，十渡孤山寨导游词而是原地不动，我登时傻了，回头一看，本来缆绳还没有解开。唉，空欢喜一场。

景区简介

十渡

在历史上，从一渡至十渡由于须经过10个渡口，故这里被称为十渡风景区。“百里画廊”真正的开始处，应该是从二渡开始的。

一渡

似刀切斧劈般直立高耸的峭壁，像峙立于天地之间的巨大石门。滔滔而来的拒马河水流到石门之下，仿佛也感受到了石门的威严，只得在它的脚下静静地流过。

二渡

过了二渡渡桥，能看见千河口的五指山，此山因形如如来佛的五指而得名，在这一带的山坡上，遍地都是山石盆景原料“上水石”,可随意采集。

三渡

过了三渡桥，映入眼帘的是南方大峡谷，峡谷中有古朴典雅的古代城楼、千奇百怪的山峰，构成了一派江南风光，因此称为江南大峡谷。《戏说乾隆》、《武则天》、《寇老西儿》等几十部影片都是在这里拍摄的，不过进峡谷需花门票钱。

三渡的另一个著名景点是穆柯寨。穆柯寨位于南方大峡谷西部拒马河南岸的一条峡谷中，这里曾是辽宋古战场。传说是女英雄穆桂英当年占山为王时的山寨遗址，也是穆家的后人世代繁衍生息的地方，沿山路，进入层层寨门，可想见当年雄姿。这里有聚义厅、练武场、点将台、射箭场、迷魂阵、天门镇图等建筑可供观赏。

四渡

四渡的清江九龙潭风景区以沙滩浴场和千尺窗一线天峡谷为依托，峰林秀丽，河水碧清。这里的沙滩浴场除了可以游泳外，还有游船可供游玩，山上建有速降项目可供游人娱乐。

五渡

五渡最著名的景点是仙峰谷，这是由拒马河水在山间冲刷出来的一条小裂缝。山下建有娱乐城，可供午餐和娱乐。水中有游船，岸边有马队，是一处比较清幽的地方。

六渡

六渡主要是沙滩浴场，这里河滩平缓，水清沙细，是十渡风景画廊上一处极好的休闲场所，特别适合儿童嬉戏，附近景区有石人嶂峡谷。

十渡

七渡

孤山寨为七渡村南的一条风景沟谷，沟中的一线天长300米，高百米，是北京地区迄今为止发现的“一线天”之最。沟谷中的河床为完整的岩石基底，大都不见碎石和裂隙，沿河床可见到书页状页岩、叠层石、同源包裹体等多种地址奇观，被地质学家选定为地址科普旅游的示范基地。七渡中还有风动石景区，并建有飞降娱乐项目。

八渡

八渡以奇峰、秀水著称，有滨河公园、石笋峰、望佛堂等景点。

九渡

九渡是十渡的旅游中心，这里不仅有整个十渡地区最大的水面，更有十渡地区最多的宾馆、最多的娱乐项目：北京市最早的蹦极跳台建在水面的小山上，水中各种游船(包括香蕉船、水上自行车、电动船等)应有尽有。

十渡

十渡是镇政府的所在地，是十渡风景区的中心和重要的交通枢纽。游人乘京原线火车进入风景区、公交车终点站等都在十渡。平西抗日战争纪念馆矗立在十渡村南;十渡附近自然景观有著名的龙山佛字、蝙蝠山等。还有罗圈湖、洞中天、塔山仙池、石门、牛影洞、览胜峰狐狸脸等。

另外十渡风景区还包括从十一渡到十八渡，过了十八渡就到了河北境内了，就到了河北野三坡风景区了。

钟鼓楼由钟楼和鼓楼二楼组成，相互呼应，各司其职

钟鼓楼是坐落在北京南北中轴线北端的一组古代建筑，是全国重点文物保护单位。两楼前后纵置，气势雄伟，巍峨壮观。钟鼓楼作为元、明、清代都城的报时中心。

钟鼓楼是中国古代用以司时的公共性楼阁建筑，钟和鼓原本都是古代乐器，以后才用于报时之用。中国古代钟鼓楼起源于汉代，据史籍记载汉代已有“天明击鼓催人起，入夜鸣钟催人息”的晨鼓暮钟制度。唐朝都城长安是一个繁华的都城，其结构实行里坊制，即以里坊为单位，每个里坊围以城墙，在四面或两面设房门，定时开启。而在宫城正门承天门上设置钟鼓，作为全城的司时中心，早晚根据承天门的钟鼓声开启各坊门及宫门。元代在大都城(即今北京)内，也于宫城之北建了钟楼和鼓楼。

北京鼓楼建于明永乐十八年，是建在高砖台上的一座殿堂式建筑，台基高达4米，台上有5间重檐的木 鼓楼击鼓

构殿楼，楼高46米多。红墙朱栏、雕梁画栋，非常雄伟壮丽。北京城内的钟楼和鼓楼位于京城中轴线北部终点的，由于其类似城楼的建筑形式，飞檐翼角的独特形态，因此具有很高的艺术价值和审美情趣，而成为著名的人文景观。

清代原规定钟楼昼夜报时，乾隆后改为只报夜里两个更时，而且由两个更夫分别登钟、鼓楼，先击鼓后敲钟。其计时方式按古人将一夜分为五更来计算，每更为一时辰，即现在的两小时，19点为定更，21点为二更，23点为三更，1点为四更，3点为五更，5点为亮更。钟鼓楼每到定更先击鼓，后敲钟，提醒人们进入睡眠，二更到五更则只撞钟不击鼓，以免影响大家睡眠。到了亮更则先击鼓后敲钟，表示该起床了。击 北京钟楼

鼓的方法是先快击18响，再慢击18响，共击6次，共108响。撞钟与击鼓相同。

20xx年岁末的午夜11时57分，北京鼓楼沉寂了近百年的群鼓再度被敲响——25位年轻鼓手表演了《二十四节令鼓之冬》乐章(鼓谱的作者是中央民族乐团打击声乐部首席朱啸林先生)，鼓声持续3分钟，到20xx年元旦0 时结束。鼓楼从20xx年元旦起，正式对外开放。每天将四次击鼓，每次15分钟。

如今的钟鼓楼虽已失去司时的作用，但每到年节，依然能听到宏厚有力的钟鼓声，成为京城著名的一景。

大家好，我是你们的导游，我姓张，你们叫我张导就行了。我们要去的地方就是闻名天下的建筑—颐和园。

大家请随我来，此刻我们绕过大殿，我们站的地方就是赫赫有名的长廊。横槛上有许许多多的画。画有鸟兽虫鱼、花草树木、景物，当然还有我们人类。你们相信吗一万多幅画，没有哪两幅是相同的。横槛上还画着许多故事。

走完长廊，我们就来到万寿山的脚下。抬头一看，一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上。一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。

大家往前看，看那一片湖，那就是昆明湖。这篇湖静的相面镜子，绿的像块碧玉。大家就应能够听到游船上的那些游客的欢声笑语

在昆明湖的上面，就是万寿山。站在那里，我们能够看见颐和园的所有景色。

大家快快跟我来看看这美丽的石桥，这个石桥有十七个洞，中间的最大。这桥叫十七孔桥。而且上面都雕刻这栩栩如上，姿态不一，活灵活现的小狮子，这些小狮子，没有那两只的姿态是相同的。

颐和园到处都有美丽的景色。但是这天的旅游到此结束，期望大家能够下次再来，我随时愿意在当大家的导游。

各位游客们大家好，我是您们的导游小新，我们现在看到的是北京青龙峡。

青龙峡位于北京市怀柔区城北20公里处，距北京三元桥75公里，是集青山、绿水、古长城于一体的自然风景区。青龙峡地区自古就是兵家必争之地，从青龙峡地区就是军都山山脉-燕山山脉的分支，换句话说从青龙峡往北就全都是山了。北京地区的万里长城横亘在，青龙峡地区长城向东连接着密云的司马台长城，平谷将军关长城。向西连接着延庆的居庸关长城。和昌平的八达岭长城。绵延800里长城，守护着京师。

青龙峡风景区由万里长城登城游览、苍龙峡观飞龙瀑和青龙峡水上游乐三大景区组成。

苍龙峡观飞龙瀑

古人曾赋诗苍龙峪："苍龙日暮还行两，老树春深更着花"。传说苍龙峪历年夏季水量大增，溪水奔流不息，老龙行雨所致，加之峪内植被好，山色苍茫，故名"苍龙峪"。苍龙峪由沟口至飞龙瀑，全长约2公里，沿沟口向沟内的溪流行走，石磴迂回， 步步登高，沿途有"浴凤潭"、"月波潭"等大小泉潭18处，有"涵云"、"浴露"、"危石泉声"等石刻小品，可供游人摄影留念。沿溪流两岸山势峥嵘，草木繁茂，行至最高处，但见"飞龙瀑"一条白色匹练，自十几米的高处飞泻而下，水花四射，涛声悦耳。

万里长城登城游览

青龙峡古长城为明代长城的边关要塞大水峪关。登临青龙峡风景区的古长城，虽大多是断碣残碑，但这里的长城，自有其独特风格，别具特色。游览古长城，一是沿苍龙 峪一线可纵观山脊上长城的雄姿，二是在曲径通幽处始登城，可看到"连理滴翠"、"母婴松"等名木古树，并可远眺"阁道萦迂、七星岩、涧伏青 龙"等景观。拾级而上，有"潜龙洞、一线天"等胜境，登上长城最高峰"玉皇台"，纵目远望，浩瀚密云水库、巍峨慕田峪长城，尽收眼底。

青龙峡水上游乐

由青龙桥至峡区最北部，设有多种游乐项目，可满足不同年龄、不同爱好者的需要：青龙桥内的玉龙池，是设有浅水和深水游泳区的天然泳池，泳池一侧是嶙峋的峭壁悬岩，但水面平稳，可谓有惊无险。沿玉龙池逆流而上，过"涧伏青龙"，进入坝前水上游乐区，主要有竹排戏水区、独木舟戏水区、坝前观瀑区、吊桥、坝前垂钓区等。"林中木屋"、"娱乐餐厅"位于戏水区一侧，可满足游人住宿、进餐等需要。

Hello everyone! Im a tour guide of Nanchang "aikesi" travel company. Myname is Zhang. You can call me Zhang tour guide. Im surrounded by ten thousanddrivers with first-class technology. You dont have to be afraid when you get onthe car. The license plate number is Gan a74189. Please remember the licenseplate number!

Now its on SuPu road to Bayi park. Bayi Park was called Gongyuan in QingDynasty. It was called Hubin Park in 1932, and it was changed to Jieshi park onApril 3, 1945. It was named in July 1950. The total area is 23.7 hectares andthe land area is 64 hectares.

There are small shops in Bayi Park, where you can row a boat to enjoy thecool, play with the toys and draw pictures. There are many willows beside theriver. When the wind blows, sister willows hair is like a shake. In the centerof the river, like the summer palace in Beijing, there is also an island. Theisland is green with many leaves floating down, like green dragonflies. Manybranches of weeping willows hang down. Tourists should be careful not to be hungby the branches when rowing. There are many fake stones in Bayi Park, which lookdifferent. No two of them are Zhens. There is a small road in the middle of thestones. There is also a small pavilion in Bayi Park, where people can enjoy thecool.

"Free for an hour," I called out. Everyone bought popsicles to eat, sometook pictures, and some lovers were rowing. I gave everyone a bag. Dont throwthe food bag around. Put the food bag in the bag. Soon, time passed. I askedeveryone to gather at the gate and count the number of people. WOW! Yes, theresnot a few people!

The tour of Bayi park is over. We will go to Qingshan Lake amusement parktomorrow and baohulu farm in Nanchang the day after tomorrow. Please have a goodleisure and keep your spirit. We can play tomorrow. Good night!

Dear ladies and gentlemen, children

hello everyone!

Im Sheng Zexi, todays tour guide. You can call me Xiao Sheng. Today weare going to visit the temple of heaven, which is one of the world famouscultural heritages. Today, Im very happy to enjoy its beautiful scenery andarchitecture with you, and have a good time together. I wish you all have a goodtime!.

The temple of heaven is the place where the emperors of Ming and QingDynasties worship heaven. It was first built in 1420 (the 18th year of Yongle inMing Dynasty), and then after continuous expansion, it was built in Qianlongperiod of Qing Dynasty. Since its completion, it has been a special altar forthe emperor to worship heaven. It lasted for 490 years until the end of the 1911Revolution and the end of the feudal monarchy. It also completed its mission. Itwas turned into a park in 1918 and has been "visited by others" ever since. In1957, it was listed in the first batch of historical and cultural relicsprotection units in Beijing. In 1961, it was listed in the first batch ofnational key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

The temple of Heaven Park, with an area of 2.05 million square meters, hasfour groups of ancient buildings: qigutan, yuanqiutan, zhaigong and Shenle

Building group, there are 92 ancient buildings, more than 600. It is thelargest and most complete ancient architecture group in the world. There aremore than 3500 ancient pines, cypresses and locusts in the temple of heaven,which are more than hundreds of years old. The temple of heaven is not only thealtar of ancient Chinese emperors, but also the crystallization of Chinas longculture of offering sacrifices to heaven. Its magnificent architecture, greenancient trees and rich cultural relics collection record not only theexpectation and hope of ancient Chinese ancestors, but also the wisdom,fatalness and decay of feudal emperors.

Dear tourists, our tour today is coming to an end. Im very happy to spendthis wonderful time with you. If you are not satisfied with my tour guide today,please criticize and correct me. Thank you!