山东导游词英文【优秀20篇】

HI，everbody! My name is your tour guide, Zhu Rui refined, today I will take you to visit the Palace Museum, you can call me zhu guide.

Now let me make a brief introduction for you, the imperial palace is one of the worlds largest existing ancient royal palace buildings, the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City. "Purple" is the color of heaven Kings palace, then of course the human emperor with the purple words. "Forbidden" refers to where the heavily guarded, dont say its ordinary people, even the senior official without the emperor summoned or into the city will not be accepted, otherwise it will be for revenge, "ban" royal, so also called the Forbidden City, the whole city was built in 1420, is located in the north of tiananmen square. The entire courtyard is divided into two parts, namely the "power" and "bed". "Power" is the place where the emperor held a grand ceremony, in taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace and mandarin house on either side of the things and the hall of martial valor. After the "bed" emperors and empresses, underage children where they live, mainly dry, tai qing temple, palace of earthly tranquility and natural things. In addition, there are many other various inside the imperial palace, have different USES the size of the palace. It is said that when there are nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine palace, the Forbidden City enough! In 1911, sun yat-sen led the revolution overthrew the feudal society of China for more than two thousand years. Qing emperor abdicated in 1912. On October 10, 1925, the national Palace Museum opened to the public for the first time. In 1949, after the founding of new China many times to repair of the Forbidden City, to make it more brilliant. The Forbidden City in Beijing in 1987 by UNESCO "world heritage list".

You see, the Forbidden City around some purple color of wall, it is about 10 meters high, about 3.5 kilometers long. Walls were built all around tall gate, south palace front door for the meridian gate. The north gate of creature, four corner of the wall stands a unique style, modelling beautiful turrets. Wall surrounding a is 52 meters wide moat, make the palace a fortified castle.

Next, you with me to see the most gorgeous architecture, the defendant is called "during" the hall of supreme harmony. This is the place where the emperor held a ceremony, to see you, hall 28 meters high, 63 meters wide from east to west, north and south, 35 meters long, there are 1 meter in diameter big column 92, around the throne of six pillar of big call "PanLongZhu", is made of drain powder gold lacquer. Right in front of us is the emperors seats - the throne, located in inside is 2 meters high on the stage, the former has a pleasing cranes, furnace, the tripod with two handles, the throne is a gold plated, armrest is silver plated, four incense burner is made of wood, is gorgeous. Work behind the folding screen. The whole hall decorated splendid and solemn gorgeous.

Finished visiting the hall of supreme harmony, everyone with me to go back again, to go look at zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace. The three temple construction, zhonghe palace is take a break before the emperor went to the hall of supreme harmony held a ceremony etiquette and exercise. Baohe Palace is the emperor fete nobility of sweet and wenwu minister in Beijing. Baohe Palace is the most amazing behind a piece of stone. Stone 16.57 meters long, 3.07 meters wide, 1.7 meters thick, more than 200 tons. Vulture on the rough sea, walking on dragons. Hear here, everyone can not help but want to say truly was Chinas valuable cultural heritage of the imperial palace!

In the Palace Museum collection of precious relics, a total of more than 1052653 pieces according to the statistics, 1/6 of the total number of national cultural relics, there are a lot of thing is a unique national treasure. Set up past dynasties in several Palace Museum, pride, watches and clocks, etc., of the people can go to a free enjoy, to deepen our understanding of the Forbidden City.

To this end, the interpretation of good, I please visit freely, remember to pay attention to health, in addition to the photos, you dont take anything; Besides, you dont leave anything. At 11 in front of the Baohe Palace collection, dont delay!

OK, you can now free, optional tour. After three hours set here. I wish you all have fun.

On the four walls inside the pavilion, colorful murals are painted, thetheme of which is the images of 16 Arhats and 2 Ming Dynasty Emperors, which arethe earliest subjects of Buddhism.

On he murals, 2 m high Arhats with 3 heads and 4 arms are extremelylifelike and Ming Emperors on the four walls are full of power and grandeur.

On the upper part of the murals, there are mountains, forest, cloud andriver, while on the lower part, there are paintings of secular themes with vividand natural lines, which embody the superb the skill and arts of painting ofancient Buddhism in China.

Emeishan jinding is the second highest peak, elevation 3077 meters, near here for subalpine coniferous forest vegetation, mainly fir, forests, in addition to the emei rose, cold arrow bamboos, cuckoo thereof and only grass, grass, big Ye Liu delay age old rare plants. To protect the natural vegetation.

Scenic area in new established area of 400 hectares of fir and single blade of grass, grass delay aging reserves. The earliest jinding building of east... PuGuangDian when han, tang, song to light temple, Ming HongWuShi treasure haze monks rebuilt, as the iron tile temple. Siwa, copper tile so when two temple for Ming monk to create. Jinding Andy Jackson created for Ming wanli wonderful peak tongdian, wanli Zhu Xu hook title "yong Ming temple". Jinding name, that is, from the "mirage". According to relevant data records, Andy two zhangs four feet five inches, ten feet wide three feet five inches, ten feet deep three feet five inches, doors and Windows walls all tile column is mixed gold bronze casting, for like samantabhadra bodhisattva, column beside small statue of Buddha, gate road map carved on the walls of the shu mountains and rivers, exquisite workmanship, amazing.

When the morning sun exposure to the top of the hill, Andy into the sun was shining and dazzling, very spectacular, so people call it "jinding". But in qing dynasty daoguang years, due to a fire, burning crumbled the mirage, surviving only 1 bronze tablet, king side is sulfur from transactions and set of wang xizhi word "big asan yong Ming Tibetan temple new tongdian", one side is Fu Guangzhai from and set b word "emei samantabhadra mirage", existing in the China Tibetan temple, otherwise a few fan original Andy Windows Tibetan temple also exist in China. From the few relics, we can infer that Andy how brilliant spectacular. Jinding tongdian destroyed, guangxu years heart qi monk at the site in the brick. On April 8, 1972 and unfortunately caught fire, the whole China Tibetan temple once again reduced to ashes. In 1986, the state allocated 2.6 million yuan, the reconstruction of China Tibetan temple, on September 11, 1990. Nowadays China Tibetan temple than previously China Tibetan temple scale, building high quality, flying pavilion flow Dan, macro magnificent and grand temple word, towering.

Location: located in the southwest edge of sichuan province to the qinghai-tibet plateau transition zone, the north is 120 km from chengdu, east 38 kilometers away from leshan. Tickets: tickets for the mountains RMB 120 / person (not including insurance, excluding temple); Mountain tourist ticket zhongshan section between 40 yuan/person, mountain period from 30 yuan/person, the whole period of between 70 yuan/person; Wan and sightseeing small train ticket back and forth the whole top fares 60 yuan/person. Transportation: mount emei one and a half hours drive from chengdu shuangliu international airport, the whole high-speed, the transportation is convenient. Leshan giant Buddha 38 km distance, between in leshan and mount emei perennial are tourism hotline, there is a train every 10 minutes to emei mountain, unilateral drive less than an hour. Specialty: bamboo tea, emei mountain spirit monkey, snow MoYu, bamboo shoot, etc. Warm prompt: emeishan monkey is very much, especially must not take the initiative to provoke, valuables close in place, can buy a crutch, as well as self-defense, and can be used to walk.

各位朋友，你们好，欢迎各位来到八仙过海旅游景区游览观光，我是导游员，我很荣幸为各位导游，希望多提宝贵意见。

各位请看，迎面这座牌坊上的“八仙过海口”五个大字是宋代大文豪苏轼做登州太守时所题八仙过海口顾名思义就是八仙过海之地，大家现在就已经到了八仙过海的地方。

(带领大家走过牌坊后)

大家请回头看，牌坊上的“人间仙境”四个大字是苏轼(苏东坡)同期所题，在春夏之交，这片海面上经常出现海市蜃楼，景象十分神奇，所以蓬莱自古以来有人间仙境的美誉。

(带领游客向前走至距桥南端三分之一处)

八仙过海景区就象一只宝葫芦横卧在海上，传说当年八仙在此各凭宝器过海时，铁拐李将宝葫芦向大海一抛，乘此宝器过海以展神威，后来这个地方就化成了形状象宝葫芦的仙岛。

(向前走至桥中央)

大家请看，这上千只吉祥鸟-海鸥或悠闲自得的在海面上嬉戏玩耍，或在蓝天白云碧海之间自由飞翔，它们为什么在这里安祥的栖息呢?因为它们也知道这里是人间仙境，古语说得好：凤凰不落无宝之地，神仙们在这里修炼，海鸥象我们一样也要沾沾仙气。另外，我们蓬莱是风景名胜区，生态保护的十分好，所以通过这一景象，我们看到了人与自然的融合，它促使人们更加重视保护、爱护生态，所以仙人们也选择在这里修炼、聚会、相约过海，大家今天来此拜仙祈福参观游览，仙人定会给大家带来平安、吉祥。

现在我们脚下的这座桥名叫八仙桥，传说中八仙以惩恶扬善、济世救人为己任，与他们有关的许许多多故事，早已深入人心，世上的人都以遇到八仙为福气，所以这座桥自然也就充满了吉祥与福瑞，走上这座桥的都是有福气的人，因为我们这里有一句俗语：八仙桥上站一站，无灾无难保平安;八仙桥上走一走，一生多福又多寿。

(走至云外仙都下方)

迎面牌坊上“云外仙都”四个大字是苏东坡同时期的大书法家米芾所题，“云外仙都”是神仙们聚集修炼的地方，堪称很有灵气的洞天福地。

请往里走，请回头看，牌坊上“得道成仙”四个大字是米芾同时代的大书法家黄庭坚所题，各位朋友到八仙过海景区一游，沾了仙气，就会得道成仙了。

前面这座楼叫仙源楼，楼上的“仙源”二字是唐太宗李世民所题，传说当年李世民东征高丽时，途经此地，恰遇海市蜃楼，只见海面上祥云缭绕，亭台楼阁时隐时现，仙人穿梭往来，惊叹之余信笔写下“仙源”二字，仙源的含义是蓬莱是中国东方仙文化的源头，是仙人的家乡，跨进仙源大门您就步入仙境了。大家请往下看，门两旁的楹联“鉴性明心通净化，参天悟道会清凉”，是当代大书法家欧阳中石先生游此地有感所题，这幅楹联的意思是，一个人只有清心寡欲、淡薄名利才会真正感悟出“道”的深奥，才能去追求清虚无为的境界，它告诫人们做人要豁达大度、洒脱超然、宁静脱俗。去掉了世俗的浮躁，心情自然就会清爽坦荡。

大家请向前走，我们看到的这个拱月型影壁叫八仙壁，它描述的是八仙过海的故事，相传当年八仙历经磨难，修成正果，得道成仙。一日，八仙在蓬莱聚会饮酒，一时兴起，欲过海一游，相约不得乘舟，各显其能，遂到此地，汉钟离抢先把手中扇子一抛，那扇子刹那间便大如蒲席浮在海面。汉钟离跃身卧在上面向远方飘去。何仙姑不甘落后，随手抛出荷花，那花忽然大如磨盘，红光耀眼，清香四溢，仙姑在花上亭亭玉立，随波逐浪。其余六位纷纷抛出自己的宝器法物，跃入海中，飘飘荡荡，遨游在万顷碧波之上。八仙的宝器，震撼了龙宫，龙王大怒，命太子外出查询，龙王之子欲夺八仙法物，双方大战一场。后经观音调解，双方罢战，八仙终于飘洋过海而去。从此留下了“八仙过海，各显神通”的美谈。

眼前这座雕栏玉砌的楼阁叫望瀛楼，匾额上的“望瀛楼”三个字是当代书坛泰斗启功先生所题。据司马迁《史记》记载，在东海之滨有三仙山，蓬莱、瀛洲、方丈，山上住着仙人，还有长生不老之药，山上的亭台楼阁均是黄金白玉所做，登此楼就可望到海上仙山。望瀛楼由六层组成，水上四层，水下两层为海洋世界。海洋世界展示了几百种珍奇的海洋生物，其中大海龟数十只，鲨鱼有数百条，的有近3米长、重达300多斤，尤其是大鲨鱼有了雅兴，它格外慷慨的允许我们景区的潜水员和它手拉手一起遨游大海，令人叹为观止。

现在各位看到的是海豹岛，岛中放养了数十头斑海豹，这种斑海豹是渤海特有的海洋生物。它属于哺乳动物，用肺呼吸，以鱼肉为食，在水中行动非常敏捷，头脑聪明，十分可爱，大家可以去买份鱼食喂喂它们，亲近爱抚一下这些海洋生灵，还可欣赏海豹水上芭蕾等表演，会有很多乐趣。

这个水榭叫“流香轩”，相传当年何仙姑东渡过海时，曾在此停留过，当时恰逢她手持的莲花盛开，她便信手摘下一片花瓣，留在此处，从此廊轩中经常飘溢着淡淡的荷香，因此得名“流香轩”。西边的水榭叫清风榭，“琴临池水弹明月，酒向仙阁酌清风”，待会大家可以去欣赏一下。

前面假山旁是钟楼，撞击五六声福星到，敲打七八次鸿运来，各位有兴可以上去敲钟祈福，每敲一声都有不同的含义，欢迎大家撞钟祈福;西边的是鼓楼，碧落天鼓送迟暮，渔舟唱晚迎早潮，听听晨钟暮鼓，将会使您抛却所有人间的烦恼。

大家请往上看，匾额上“天风海涛”四个大字，是刘海粟大师于1982年88岁高龄时到此游览兴致大发所题。下面的楹联“登斯楼也听涛揽海，待远舶兮送往迎来”是当代大书法家欧阳中石先生所书，这幅楹联的意思是登上望瀛楼，壮丽的大海景色一览无遗，涛声阵阵，令人心旷神怡，每天游人如织，仙人在此热情的欢迎大家，迎来送往。更深的含义是我们大家每个人都是大自然的过客，大自然送往迎来着一代代人们，生生不息，无穷循环，人的一生只是短暂的一瞬间，所以我们要珍惜生命，热爱生活。

朋友们，展现在你们眼前的两只大海龟，大的有一千多年，小的也有几百多年了。因此他们象征着长寿和吉祥，它的身上也会集了天地之灵气，据说如果把硬币仍在他背上您就能家庭和睦，夫妻恩爱。扔在它的脚上就会前途无量，一帆风顺。若扔在它的头上就象征着身体健康，长命百岁，子孙满堂，希望各位朋友试试运气，为您和家人求得一份平和吉祥。

大家请随我来，现在我们将要参观的是位于望瀛楼水下两层的海洋世界。海洋世界主要展示了黄渤海及南海的各种珍奇生物，大家游览此景，尤其是海底隧道，会有置身大海之中的感觉，海洋世界也是反映景区海疆文化的精华部分，大家马上就可以一饱眼福。全国同类的海洋世界门票价格都在60-120元不等，但在我们景区只需花30元钱就可以看到60-120元的景观，真可谓物超所值。(走至门口处，介绍一下参观须知)。

Hello everyone, welcome to here, let me introduce to you!

Located in Jixian City, dule temple is one of the first batch of keycultural relics protection units in China, and is a famous ancient temple with ahistory of thousands of years. Dule temple was built in the 10th year ofZhenguan reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty (636 AD), and rebuilt in the2nd year of Tonghe reign of Liao Dynasty (984 AD). During the reign of Wanli,Shunzhi, Qianlong and Guangxu in the Ming Dynasty, Zhaobi was built in the 18thyear of Qianlong (1753 A.D.), the double eaves of Guanyin Pavilion were added,and four eaves pillars were set up at the top and bottom, and the eastern palaceof the temple was built. Dule temple covers a total area of 16000 square meters.The gate is three rooms wide and four rooms deep. There are two floors up anddown, with a flat and dark floor in the middle. The height is 23 meters. It isthe oldest high-rise wooden pavilion building in China.

The temple gate and Guanyin Pavilion were built in Liao Dynasty, and otherswere built in Ming and Qing Dynasty. The layout and structure are quitepeculiar. The architecture of the whole temple is divided into three parts: theEast, the middle and the West; the East and the West are respectively the monkshouse and the palace; the middle part is the main building of the temple, whichis composed of Baishan gate, Guanyin Pavilion, East and west auxiliary hall,etc. between the mountain gate and the main hall, the corridor is connected. Allthese reflect the characteristics of the architectural layout of Buddhisttemples in Tang and Liao dynasties.

Dule temple palace, built in 1753, is also known as Qianlong palace. It isthe place where the emperors of Qing Dynasty took a rest on their way to visitDongling mausoleum. It is also the only palace in Tianjin. There is one floor ofthe main hall and three subsidiary buildings in the palace. Now there are 14cloisters and one vertical flower gate, making the palace an independentcourtyard. All the emperors after Qianlong came to the palace of dule temple andleft a lot of poems praising the temple. The newly added exhibition in thepalace included 12 impromptu works of the Qing emperor and 17 portraits ofempresses and concubines related to the palace.

It is said that the dule temple was built by an eminent saint of Luban, soJizhou built a temple to commemorate this founder. Luban temple is located 300meters northeast of dule temple, which is the only one in China. Dule temple hasexperienced thousands of years of wind and rain erosion, war disaster, and morethan 30 earthquakes. It is a miracle in the history of Chinese architecture.

Temple Fair: in recent years, dule temple has resumed its traditionaltemple fair in the first month of each year, including Guanyin blessing, folkflower show, acrobatic performance, opera performance, local snacks, localspecialty exhibition, etc., becoming a characteristic brand of winter culturaltourism activities in Jixian County.

Dharma Association: every year, on the first day of the first month (thebirthday of Maitreya), the 19th of February (the birthday of Guanyin), the 8thof April (the birthday of the Buddha), the 19th of June (the day of Guanyinbecoming a monk), the 19th of September (the day of Guanyin becoming a monk) andthe 8th of December (the day of the Buddha becoming a Taoist), a large-scalecommemorative Dharma association is held in dule temple, and believers from allwalks of life gather here.

各位朋友，穿过午门，现在我们已经进入故宫。故宫中这第一进院落就是太和门广场。首先我们看到是内金水河，它子西向东婉言流过太和门广场，上边有五座汉白玉石桥，就是内金水桥，它们象征五德，即仁、义、礼、智、信，是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思。金水桥下市内金水河，内金水河从紫禁城西北角筒子河涵道引入紫禁城，沿紫禁城内西侧南流，至武英殿东向，经武英殿门前，再东经涵道至太和门前。又经涵道东出至文渊阁前水池，从文渊阁东出经三座门前石桥，最后流入无门东侧筒子河，全长2100米。内金水河的作用不仅是故宫中排水的主要通道，也是宫中营造用水和灭火的主要水源，同时还起到了分隔空间、点缀景观的作用，使太和门广场在雄浑中不失秀美。

跨过金水桥，这片广场曾经是明代皇帝玉门听政时百官待驾的地方。何谓“御门听政”呢?这“御门”即指太和门，即前朝的正门，初建于明永乐年间，当时叫奉天门，明嘉靖年间改称皇极门，清顺治年后改称太和门。“听政”是指听取政事。明永乐皇帝朱棣迁都北京不到百日，三大殿被大火烧毁，朱棣曾在此御门听政，处理国家朝政。清朝入关后，清世祖福临的登基典礼、加封多尔衮为叔父摄政王、封吴三桂为平西王等活动都是在太和门举行的。

太和门东庑中间的门叫协和门，西庑中间的门叫熙和门。太和门、协和门、熙和门加上前朝三大殿的太和殿、中和殿、保和殿称为“六合”。在太和门两旁还有两道门，分别为昭德门和贞度门。

过了太和门我们就来到了故宫中最重要的院落--太和殿及其广场。太和殿广场几本呈正方形，整个院落平坦宽阔，气势非凡。中间御路以青石，两侧青砖墁地。北有太和殿，南为太和殿，东为体仁阁，西为弘义阁，面积约3万平方米，是整座紫禁城面积的1/24。整个广场可容纳近7万人。在每年的元旦、冬至以及皇帝登基、大婚、万寿这些重大活动的时候，都要在太和殿以及太和殿广场举行隆重的大朝礼。

大家请看，远处正前方是一片汉白玉雕砌的三层高台基，呈“土”字形，俗称“三台”。台基高8.13米，台边缘高7.12米，三层台基间，分列着18尊鼎式香炉。在每一层基座的边缘都伸出很多小龙头，那些小龙的名字叫“螭”，是传说中一种没有角的龙，这些小龙头实际上是大殿的排水系统。如果仔细看会发现每个龙头的嘴里都有一个小孔，即喷水孔，三层基座之上共设小龙头1142个，每当下大雨的时候，雨水便从1142个龙头嘴里的小孔内排出，非常壮观。为管中一景，被称为“千龙吐水”。三重台基承托着雄伟的三大殿，这就是故宫的中心建筑--太和殿、中和殿、保和殿。其中太和殿位于“土”字形须弥座的南部，各位可以先在这里留个影，然后我们就去参观太和殿。

好!现在我们面前这座高台上的宏伟建筑就是太和殿，也就是民间所说的“金銮宝殿”。太和殿是紫禁城的正殿，被视为黄泉的象征。太和殿始建于明永乐年间，原名奉天殿，嘉靖年间重建后改称皇极殿。清初顺治年间改称太和殿，康熙年间又两次大规模改造，才有今天我们看到的太和殿的规模。“太和”二字出自《周易*乾* 彖辞传》中的“乾道变化，各证性命，保合大和乃利贞。”“太”即大，“和”即和谐。意思是在天道的主宰夏，阴阳和合，太和元气常运不息，万物和谐共存。太和殿面阔11间，进深5间，殿高35.05米，面积约2377平方米。它是紫禁城乃至全国现存的最高、最大、最尊贵的宫殿，也是现存的中国宫殿建筑中规模最大的一座。太和殿在清明两代是举行大朝礼的地方。每逢元旦、冬至、万寿，即皇帝生日这三大节及皇帝登基、大婚、命将出征、金殿传胪等重大活动都要在他喝点举行隆重的庆典。此外，冬至圜丘坛大忌、孟春圜丘坛常雩礼、孟春祁谷坛前一日，皇帝也都要在太和殿阅视祭祀祝版。

大家请抬头看太和殿的屋顶，太和殿屋顶是采用古建筑中等级最高的重檐庑殿顶。屋顶正脊上两头的这两大琉璃构件叫大吻，吻上的龙形有镇火的意思。除了装饰性，它的使用功能是密合殿顶正脊和垂脊的交会处，以防风雨侵蚀。这两个大吻高3.4米，宽2.68米，重4.3吨，由13块琉璃构件组成，是现存古建中最大的吻。太和殿殿顶四面坡的筒子瓦上镶有琉璃帽钉两排，垂脊上还有10个垂脊兽，分别是龙、凤、狮、海马、天马、押鱼、狻猊、獬豸、斗牛、行什，脊兽钱是骑凤仙人。脊兽和帽钉既有装饰作用又有实用性，他们起着固定屋顶琉璃瓦的作用。在我国古代，脊兽的数量依照建筑物的等级高低而不同，数量越多，代表了殿宇等级越高。太和殿的脊兽共有10只，全国只有故宫的太和殿是这样。此外，太和殿装饰用的彩绘也是最高等级的金龙和玺。

现在请大家跟随我一起登上高台来看看太和殿的内部陈设。太和殿由72根巨柱支撑，其中66根大红漆柱分布两侧，6根沥粉贴金蟠龙金柱分列宝座两旁。大殿内的地上是“金砖漫地”，这种金砖主要产于江苏省苏州，是专门为皇宫烧造的细料方砖。之所以叫金砖，是因为这种砖烧制时间130天，质地细密，敲之有金石之声。太和殿内的主要陈列室皇帝的宝座。宝座位于二米高的须弥式地平床上，通体雕以金龙，椅子后面是雕龙金漆的七扇屏风。金銮宝座是明代的遗物，清朝的皇帝继续使用。在袁世凯复辟的时候，曾经将它换成了一个西式靠背坐椅。解放以后，专家们在库房内发现了宝座的残件，经过一年多的研究整修，终于恢复了宝座原貌。

现在请大家抬头看，宝座的上方时蟠龙藻井，上圆下方，深1.8米，由上、中、下三部分组成，最下层是方井，中层为八角形，上部为圆形。井内蟠龙俯首向下，龙口衔一个铜胎中空的水银球。这个球被称为轩辕镜，寓意下面宝座上的皇帝是轩辕黄帝的正统继承人。藻井的设置一方面是烘托帝王的尊严，另一方面还有镇火的含义。

号，再来看宝座前方，大家可以看到宝座前设有脚踏、香筒、甪端、仙鹤、宝象等。香筒是皇帝上朝的时候用于放置檀香的，通过燃烧着的袅袅的香烟，烘托出一种神秘的气氛。再来看象，身上驼着宝瓶，里面放有五谷，寓意天下太平，吉庆有余。而象身四脚立地，稳如泰山，则象征社会和政权的稳固，称为太平有象。甪端，是传说中的一种神兽，象征着当今皇帝是圣明之君。仙鹤被古人看作是一种长寿鸟，象征着江山长存。

看完了太和殿内景，现在，让我们转过头来再来看看殿外的陈设。在太和殿外的露台上左右各有一只龙头乌龟和一只铜鹤。龟鹤都是祥瑞长寿的动物，摆在这里有千秋万代的含义。再仔细观察一下，大家可能会发现，龟鹤实际上是香炉，龟鹤背上有一块可以开启的盖子，里面可以放香料，上大朝时燃香用，届时香烟从龟鹤口中逸出，烘托了一种神秘庄严地气氛。此外，在太和殿丹陛的东南角还设有日晷。日晷是我国古代的一种计时器，由晷盘和晷针组成，晷针从晷盘中心垂直穿过。自古以来，皇帝就有向天下颁布历书的责任，所以日晷的设置是国家的重器之一。太和殿西南角设有嘉量，是古代的标准量器，放置在这里象征国家的统一和强盛。这两件陈设象征皇帝在时间上和空间上都是公正无私的，对天下百姓都是坦诚、平等的。

此外，在太和殿外东西两侧还各有鎏金青铜太平缸两口，每口重约2吨。鎏金是一种金属加工工艺，据说这么大的太平缸需要用黄金100两。不幸的是，上面的黄金却被八国联军用军刀刮走了。现在我们还可以清晰地看到缸身上留下的刀刮痕迹。太平缸的主要用途是储水，以备日常洒扫庭院、防火之用。据记载明朝时有热水处太监在每年的小雪节令，便给缸加盖，缸座底下加帖抽，用来生活，以防止缸内的水结冰，清朝时也是如此。紫禁城内现在共有明清两朝遗留下来的铜质及铁质太平缸308口，其中鎏金金铜缸18口。

以上就是太和殿的情况。我刚才说了，太和殿是举行大典的地方，在古代，举行各种大典都要选良辰吉日，那么皇帝在何处等待这里是性时刻的来临呢?就是太和殿后面的中和殿，那我们现在就去看看!

中和殿位于太和殿和保和殿之间，正处于“土”字形须弥座的中部。殿为方形，四角攒尖，鎏金宝顶。中和殿在明朝初年称为华盖殿，嘉靖年间改称中极殿，顺治年间改为中和殿。“中和”二字取自《礼记*中庸》“中也者，天下之大本也;和也者，天下之达道也。”体现了儒家中庸之道的思想。

在明清两代，凡遇到三大节举行庆典前，皇帝在赶赴太和殿之前，都要在中和殿稍作休息，接受内阁、内大臣、都察院、翰林院官员及侍卫人员的朝贺。如果遇到皇帝亲自参加方泽、太庙、社稷及历代帝王庙、先师孔子、朝日、夕月等重大几点的时候，皇帝还要提前一天在中和殿阅览祝文，检查种子和农具。

过了中和殿，我们就来到了保和殿，它位于“土”字形须弥座的后部，为重檐歇山顶。明初永乐年间这里叫做谨身殿，嘉靖时改为建极殿，顺治年间改为中和殿。保和殿名称来源与太和殿相同，意思是统治者应该报纸天人合一，维护万物的平衡。

保和殿在明清两代用途不同。明朝的时候，在举行册立大典的是偶，皇帝都要在保和殿内更衣。在年底，还要在此宴请文武百官。在清朝时，每逢除夕，皇帝在这里举行宴会，宴请外藩王公。公主下嫁的宴请活动也在这里举行。到了乾隆皇帝以后，保和殿又多了一个用途，成为科举考试中殿试的地方。

大家随我往后走，大家看，在保和殿后的台阶上的这块石雕丹陛，是艾叶青石雕刻而成的，石雕四周都是卷草纹，下端是海水江牙纹，中央是飞云簇拥的九条蛟龙。制作非常精美，是难得的石雕珍品。这块丹陛石长16.57米，宽3.07米，厚1.7米，重达200多吨，这是紫禁城内最大的一块石雕丹陛，采自北京房山境内的大石窝。

好啦!故宫的前三点讲解到此结束，现在请大家参观保和殿并稍作休息，我们10分钟后集合，谢谢大家!

Entering the Meridian Gate, there are five marble bridges on the Inner Golden Water River, shaped like a bow. The five marble bridges just look like five arrows reporting symbolically to heaven. The five bridges were supposed to represent the five virtues preached by Confucius-benevolence, righteousness, rite, intelligence and fidelity.

Across the Inner Golden Water Bridge, we get to the Gate of Supreme Harmony. During the Ming and early Qing dynasties, here was the place where the emperor gave his audience, accepted documents from his ministers and made decisions here. There are two bronze lions guarding in front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony. The male lion was usually put on the left, playing with an embroidered design ball, which is said to show the emperors supreme power. The other one on the right is the female lion, playing with a lion cub with its left paw symbolizing prosperity of the royal familys offsprings.

Across the Gate of Supreme Harmony , we come to the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Here the emperor held grand ceremonies such as the emperors enthronement ceremony, the wedding ceremony, dispatched generals to the battles, and the emperor received the successful candidates of the imperial examination etc. Also, the emperor held grand feasts each year on New Years Day, Winter solstice and his own birthday.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35.5 meters high with double layered roof that represents the highest construction rank of all. Now, lets ascend the stairs and move on to look at articles in display on two sides of the hall. On the top layer of the terrace stands a sundial on the east an imperial grain measure on the west. The sundial is an ancient time measure or a time-measuring apparatus used in the old days. The sundial tells the time by seeing the shadow of the metal pin on the sundial, which has an inclination angle of 50 degrees with the graduation on it. The grain measure was used as the national standard measure in agriculture in the old days. Both the grain measure and the sundial were symbols of the emperors justice and rectitude.

There are two pairs of incense burners in the shape of bronze dragon-headed tortoises and bronze cranes placed on each side. They are both symbols of longevity.

When you look up the building in the Forbidden City, you can see mythical animal statues on the eaves of each building. Originally, there used to be big wooden nails on the roof to prevent the tiles from sliding down. Later they were replaced by glazed tiles, which were shaped into mythical animal statues for better beautification. They are symbols of auspiciousness and peace, and people believed that they are capable of subduing fire and warding off evil spirits.

Inside of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, you can see the gilded caisson ceiling high above the throne with a magnificent sculpture of a curling dragon playing with a huge pear was called “Xuanyuan Jing”， representing orthodox succession.

This hall is supported by 72 giant columns inside. In the old days, the traditional way of the Chinese to calculate a “room” is that: a square enclosed by four pillars was treated as one “room”， so the hall can be said to have 55 “rooms” in total. The six columns inside are gilded and painted with coiled dragon amidst clouds, and the rest are painted red.

The emperors throne is placed on the dais in the center, and carved in cloud and dragon patterns and gilded. On both sides of the throne are a pair of elephant-shaped incense burners symbolize universal peace and two incense burners shaped as a mythical animal 9,000 kilometers per day and speaking all the languages of nearby kingdoms. Around the throne stand a pair of bronze cranes and in front of the dais is four cloisonné incense burners. The floor on the ground is paved with “Gold Bricks”， specially made in Suzhou.

The Hall of Middle Harmony is a square-shaped hall with a single pyramidic roof standing behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony. This was the place where the emperor would take a short rest before he went to the Hall of Supreme Harmony for grand ceremonies. Every year before the emperor went to the Altars and Temples, the emperor would receive and read the sacrificial address here.

Before the emperor went to the Altar of Agriculture for offering the sacrifice, the seeds intended for spring sowing and the ploughs were examined here, just to show the concern of the emperor for agriculture.

According to the rule, the imperial genealogy should be revised every ten years. The ceremony of presenting the genealogy to the emperor for revision and approval would also be held here.

Now, we come to the Hall of Preserving Harmony, the last of the three front halls.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, on each New Years Eve and the 15th day of the lunar moth, banquets would be held to entertain the civil and military officials and the princes and envoys of the Mongolian nobles and other nationalities. To celebrate the princesss marriage, the emperor would incite the bridegroom and his father as well as their relatives who served for the imperial government to a banquet.

The Imperial Palace Exam was held here once every three years in the Qing dynasty.

Just behind the Hall of Preserving Harmony, there is a big Marble Rampcarved with mountain cliffs, sea waves, clouds and nine dragons. It is 16.57 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick, and weighs about 250 tons.

Good friends！ Now， we have reached the famous three gorges of the Yangtze river， which lies between chongqing and hubei in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river， which is the general name of qutang gorge， wuxia and xiling gorge. And the scenery here.

The three gorges dam is 200 kilometers long， and you can see that there are continuous mountains on both sides. There is no gap in the mountain， such as a green dragon. The mountains rise above the clouds， blocking the sun and locking the sky into a band. If it hadnt been for noon， not even the sun would have seen it！

The three gorges is a "multi—scene" place. Throughout the year， the place has a unique beauty that you can appreciate. In the summer， the water is huge， the current is turbulent， it is a kind of unrestrained beauty. But for safety reasons， be careful. Autumn， it is a kind of sad beauty， every morning with frost， there is the ape that the cry cry， really is a tear—jerker.

If you are a person who enjoys the beauty of beauty， it is time！ On spring day like today， it shows the beauty of the three gorges. Here is like the snow of the rapids and the green deep pool， the roundabout the reflection of the shadow of the world， the visitors can look down in order to see， there is the reflection of the sun！ On the peaks on either side of you there are many strange cypresses， very interesting. Now， we have a waterfall in front of us. The water is flowing through the water， it is the aesthetic feeling that spring in elegant. All right， as the boat moves forward， we will enjoy the beautiful scenery of the water qingshu and the mountain high grass.

Happy times always go so fast that our trip is over. May the journey of the three gorges project leave a wonderful memory in your heart. Goodbye！

上海人民广场英文讲解导游词

上海人民广场被誉为“城市绿肺”的人民广场位于市中心，是一个金融行政、文化、交通、商业为一体的园林式广场。下面是小编为大家收集的关于上海人民广场英文讲解导游词，欢迎大家阅读!

上海人民广场英文讲解导游词

Brief：

Peoples Square is the biggest public square in Shanghai. It is an awesome area to visit while in Shanghai and it’s a great place to go and see how the people of Shanghai are.

It is the city’s center of politics, economy, culture and art with a group of magnificent buildings like museum, the exhibition hall, and the grand theater.

The crystal-like theater is especially beautiful at night with lights on.

History:

In concession days, together with People’s Park next door, it was a racecourse.

After liberation in 1949, the northern part of the racecourse was built into today’s People Park and the southern part, into the People’s Square.

Location：

Located in downtown Shanghai, the People Square is the largest public square.

Transportation:

Under the Square is a large central Metro station where the No.1 and 2 metro lines meet.

Within the station itself are two modern marketplaces: one features popular stores from the Hong Kong, and the other is the Dimei underground market.

Fountain

In the center of the square is a 320 sq. meter fountain，named the “Light of the Huangpu River”. It is the first giant music-synchronized "dancing" fountain in the country. Red, blue and yellow sculptures in the fountain portray a beautiful, glowing display, creating a grand sight for those who visit the area.

There are two small squares beside the central square. The east square is called the Rising Sun Square; the west is called the Bright Moon Square.

Transportation:

Under the Square is a large central Metro station where the No.1 and 2 metro lines meet.

Within the station itself are two modern marketplaces: one features popular stores from the Hong Kong, and the other is the Dimei underground market.

Pigeons

Southwest of the square is a beautiful blue and white home for pigeons! Thousands of pigeons fly from their house to the Squares lawn to meet tourists each day. Their coming promotes a feeling of peace and serenity to all that visit the area.

Spots brief:

To the north of the Square stands a grand building, the City Hall (the Municipal Government Building of Shanghai).

The Shanghai Museum is located south of the Square and directly faces the City Hall.

The beautiful Shanghai Grand Theatre is situated in the northwest part of the Square, and is close to the Government Building.

To the northeast of the Square is the Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall.

Shanghai Gallery.

Shanghai Museum

Brief:

Shanghai Museum is a must-see for foreign visitors to Shanghai.

Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its treasures of bronzes, ceramics, Chinese calligraphy and traditional paintings.

Location:

The Shanghai Museum is situated in the heart of People’s Square. Opposite to the City Hall and is surrounded by the moon and sun Corridor.

History:

It was built in the 1930s, formerly occupied by Zhong Hui Bank owned by a Shanghai celebrity Yuesheng Du. In 1952, it was converted into a museum. The new museum building was erected in September 1994 and most of the facilities were installed in 1995. It was entirely opened on October 12 in 1996. The five big gilt characters on the lintel were written by Yi Chen, the first mayor of Shanghai after the founding of new China.

With a collection of over 120,000 pieces of cultural relics in 12 categories, including bronze, ceramics (pottery and porcelain ware), calligraphy, paintings, jade and ivory ware, numismatics, furniture, seal carvings, sculptures, arts and crafts and costumes of Chinese minorities, Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its collection of bronzes, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy. And there is also a special gallery of donated relics and three temporary exhibition halls.

With a collection of over 120,000 pieces of cultural relics in 12 categories, including bronze, ceramics (pottery and porcelain ware), calligraphy, paintings, jade and ivory ware, numismatics, furniture, seal carvings, sculptures, arts and crafts and costumes of Chinese minorities, Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its collection of bronzes, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy. And there is also a special gallery of donated relics and three temporary exhibition halls.

Appearance

As you view Shanghai Museum from a distance in People’s Square, you will find that the building itself is a work of art, featuring multiple orientations, multi-visual angles and many distinctive characteristics. The elegant construction perfectly combines traditional cultural themes with modern technological innovation. The building uses a round top section to symbolize heaven and a square base representing the earth, implying the Chinese traditional expression of “a round heaven and a square earth”. It is 24 meters high with sever floors, two are underground and five above, covering a total area of 38,000 sqm.

Shanghai Museum has installed advanced security and fire alarm systems, educational services, a computerized library and an automation system. Besides this, Shanghai Museum has facilities for multimedia guide, an information center, a High Definition Graphics system, an audio tour, the lecture room equipped with a system of spontaneous interpretation. You can check out a device that allows you to hear a description of an item after punching in the item number. The audio tour is available in eight languages. The library in the museum has 200,000 volumes of books in collection.

Shanghai Museum has installed advanced security and fire alarm systems, educational services, a computerized library and an automation system. Besides this, Shanghai Museum has facilities for multimedia guide, an information center, a High Definition Graphics system, an audio tour, the lecture room equipped with a system of spontaneous interpretation. You can check out a device that allows you to hear a description of an item after punching in the item number. The audio tour is available in eight languages. The library in the museum has 200,000 volumes of books in collection.

Shanghai Grand Theatre

Location:

Shanghai Grand Theatre is located to the west of the City Hall in the People’s Square, the citys heart. The Shanghai Grand Theatre occupies an area of 2.1 hectares, facing the Peoples Boulevard in the south. With its unique style and beautiful outlook, the theatre has become a representative building in Shanghai.

History and brief intro:

It is opened to the public on August 27, 1998.The Shanghai Grand Theatre has successfully staged such shows and evenings as operas, musicals, ballets, symphonies, chamber music concerts, spoken drama and the Chinese operas. It has a high reputation both at home and abroad as many high officials and VIPs, both domestic and international, gave the highest praises of the theatre for its perfect combination of art and architecture.

Appearance:

With a total construction area of 62,803 square meters and a total height of 41 meters, the Shanghai Grand Theatre has 10 storeys, 2 for underground, 6 for above ground and 2 top floors. The new style architecture combines the Eastern and Western flavor together. The theatre represents a fine integration of new technology, new craft and new material. It looks like a crystal palace in the light at night.

The lobby of Shanghai Grand Theatre is approximate 2019 square meters with the white as its main tone, which signifies elegant and pure. The floor is made of a rare marble called "Greece Crystal White".

Function:

The Shanghai Grand Theatre has three theatres, a 1,800 seats main theatre for ballet, opera and symphony performances, this lyric theatre is divided into the auditorium, the 2nd-floor, the 3rd-floor and six balconies. The drama theatre has 750 seats and the studio theatre has 300 seats.

In addition to performances, the Shanghai Grand Theatre has a restaurant for tourists with an area of 1,600 square meters and a shopping center for audio-video products with an area of 2,500 square meters. Also there are VIP lounge, which is for government officials to meet world-famous artists and performing groups.

Now it has become an important window of cultural exchange between China and the world and a bridge of artistic ommunication.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall

Location:

It is located in the east of the City Hall.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall has a total floor space of 19 thousand square meters. It fully displays the achievements of Shanghai in city planning and construction and embodies the theme of “city, man, environment, and development”. The Exhibition Hall adopts modern exhibition technology and uses high-tech to achieve an integration of professionalism, knowledge, interest, and art, giving stress to the exhibition of the future of the city. Citizens and tourists can see the changes of the leased territory, the vicissitudes of the Bund, the achievements of Shanghai in urban planning and construction ever since the reform and opening-up of the country, in particular, since the 1990s, and the rapid changes of the Pudong New Area. Above all, they can see the bright future of Shanghai there. The main model of urban planning, which is in the proportion of 1:2019, exhibits the urban geography and scenery in an extent of a hundred and more square meters within the inner elevated ring road. It is the world’s biggest model of urban planning.

This amazing building contains an incredibly accurate model of the city in a couple of decades, complete with every tiny little detail and every single building! The model is huge and incredible. There is also a super-cool rotating statue of Shanghais modern buildings in the lobby.

山东因居太行山以东而得名，简称“鲁”，省会济南。先秦时期隶属齐国、鲁国，故而别名齐鲁、东鲁。山东地处华东沿海、黄河下游、京杭大运河中北段，是华东地区的最北端省份。西部连接内陆，从北向南分别与河北、河南、安徽、江苏四省接壤;中部高突，泰山是全境最高点;东部山东半岛伸入黄海，北隔渤海海峡与辽东半岛相对、拱卫京津与渤海湾，东隔黄海与朝鲜半岛相望，东南则临靠较宽阔的黄海、遥望东海及日本南部列岛。

山东是儒家文化发源地，儒家思想的创立人孔子、孟子，以及墨家思想的创始人墨子、军事家吴起等，均出生于鲁国。以姜太公在临淄建立齐国为发端的齐文化，孕育了齐桓公、管仲、晏婴、鲍叔牙、孙武、孙膑等一大批志士名人;齐国还创建了世界上第一所官方举办、私家主持的高等学府——稷下学宫。

山东是中国的经济第三大省、人口第二大省、中国温带水果之乡，国内生产总值列全国第三，占中国GDP总量的1/9，20xx年，山东前三季度GDP迈入4万亿大关，仅次于广东和江苏。

山东是第十届中国艺术节，中华人民共和国第十一届运动会，第三届亚洲沙滩运动会，20xx年世界杯帆船赛、世界园艺博览会、APEC贸易部长会议，20xx年世界休闲体育大会、国际历史科学大会举办地。

山东人既有内陆地区的保守与豪情，又兼具沿海地区的开放与豁达。

山东省位于中国东部沿海、黄河下游，北纬34°22.9′—38°24.01′、东经114°47.5′—122°42.3′之间。境域包括半岛和内陆两部分，山东半岛突出于渤海、黄海之中，同辽东半岛遥相对峙;内陆部分自北而南与河北、河南、安徽、江苏4省接壤。全境南北最长约420多公里，东西最宽约700多公里，总面积15.8万平方公里，约占中国总面积的1.64%。

山东省境内中部山地突起，西南、西北低洼平坦，东部缓丘起伏，形成以山地丘陵为骨架、平原盆地交错环列其间的地形大势。泰山雄踞中部，主峰海拔1532.7米， 为山东省最高点。黄河三角洲一般海拔2—10米，为山东省陆地最低处。境内地貌复杂，大体可分为中山、低山、丘陵、台地、盆地、山前平原、黄河冲积扇、黄河平原、黄河三角洲等9个基本地貌类型。山地约占山东省总面积的15.5%，丘陵占13.2%，平原占55%，洼地占4.1%，湖沼平原占4.4%，其他占7.8%。境内主要山脉，集中分布在鲁中南山区和胶东丘陵区。属鲁中南山区者，主要由片麻岩、花岗片麻岩组成;属胶东丘陵区者，由花岗岩组成。绝对高度在700米以上、面积150平方公里以上的有泰山、蒙山、崂山、鲁山、沂山、徂徕山、昆嵛山、九顶山、艾山、牙山、大泽山等。

Wulingyuan scenic area is located in the northwest of hunan province. Bearing for longitude 110 ° 20 30 "~ 110 ° 41 15", north latitude 29 ° 16 25 "~ 29 ° 24 25". Wulingyuan scenic area is a national famous tourist scenic spot, from zhangjiajie, SuoXiYu, son of heaven mountain, four major part Yang Gujie, with a total area of 369 square kilometers, of which belongs to the national level reserve has an area of 53.5 square kilometers, the secondary reserve covers an area of 55.5 square kilometers, tertiary reserve covers an area of 203 square kilometers. Now regularly travel 14 70 kilometers, slightly more than 560. Wulingyuan is also rare in the world of sandstone landform, the entire scenic area, ravines crossbar, one tall, green trees, cui tendril beast bird flocks, labyrinth "nature", "day of the first mountain" of reputation.

In 1988 the state council approved wulingyuan as the national key scenic spots, and approved the establishment of zhangjiajie, establish wulingyuan district peoples government, to strengthen protection and management of scenic areas. On May 8, 20xx, zhangjiajie wulingyuan tourist area by the China national tourism administration formally approved the first batch of 5 - to the nation tourist scenic spot.

Wulingyuan scenery magnificent spectacle, is located in Chinas hunan province, more than 26000 hectares, the most unique landscape in the scenic area is more than 3000 tapering column of sandstone and sandstone peak, most have more than 200 meters high. Between the mountains, ravines, valleys, streams, ponds and waterfalls everywhere, there are more than 40 scenic spot and two natural caves in formation of the great stone bridge. In addition to the charming natural scenery, the region is shielded by a large number of endangered plant and animal species and compelling.

Wulingyuan, beauty in mystery and beauty in the natural. With the natural scenery set each other off becomes an interest, it is a simple pastoral scenery. Wulingyuan is the settlement of tujia, bai, miao and other ethnic minorities, pieces of terraced fields, opposite a cottage stars dotted in the mountains, green trees snap, madadayo smoke from kitchen chimneys, if decree by destiny to catch up with the local festival, still can enjoy the national song and dance. With mountains, forests, one integrated mass of wulingyuan constitute a original inclusive picture scroll.

各位游客大家好，很高兴能有此缘分与各位一同游览青岛的美景。

我是来自中国旅行社的导游，，大家可以叫我小X。这位是今天负责带大家到达个景点的司机，王师傅。在今天的行程中，如果您有什么问题和要求，都可以尽管的提出来，我会尽力为大家解决的。

今天的第一站我们来到的是具有青岛象征的栈桥;第二站是有着“万国建筑博览会”之称的八大关建筑群;最后一站是青岛市著名的新城市广场——五四广场。

希望本次的青岛一日游可以圆满的结束，为您带来快乐，在开心之余还可以了解青岛感受青岛。

青岛概况

青岛位于山东半岛南部，东南濒临黄海，西北连接内陆，背倚奇峰崂山，环抱“内海”胶州湾，东与朝鲜、韩国、日本隔海相望，全市总面积为10654平方公里。其中，市区面积为1471平方公里，青岛市辖市南、市北、李沧、崂山、黄岛、城阳6个区和即墨、胶州、平度、莱西4个县级市。截止20xx年底，全市户籍总人口为871。51万，其中，市区人口277。09万。

青岛虽然属温带季风性气候，但“三面沧海一面山”的独特地理格局，却使青岛又具有鲜明的海洋性气候特点。这里冬无严寒、夏无酷暑。年平均气温12。7摄氏度，一年中最热的8月，平均气温25。3摄氏度，最冷的1月份，平均气温-0。5摄氏度。

青岛的历史既古老又年轻。

为什么说它古老呢?因为早在五六千年前，东夷先生就在这里繁衍生息，并创造了灿烂的大汶口文化、龙山文化和东岳石文化。著名方士徐福带数千名童男童女出海寻找长生不老药，此次较早的大规模航海探险活动，使青岛的琅琊台称为中国航海文化的发源地之一。

说青岛的历史年轻。青岛地区昔称胶澳。1891年建置。1897年德国强占，1920xx年日本取代德国进行殖民统治。1920xx年，由于青岛主权问题，引发了著名的“五四运动”。1920xx年10月10日，北洋政府收回胶澳，开为商埠;1920xx年4月，南京国民政府接管，同年7月设青岛特别市;1930年改称为青岛市。1938年1月，日本再次侵占青岛。1945年9月，国民党政府接收青岛，仍为特别市。1949年6月2日，青岛解放，改属山东省省辖市。1981年被列为全国15个经济中心城市之一;1984年4月，被列为全国14个进一步对外开放的沿海港口城市之一;1986年10月，被国务院正式批准在国家计划中实行单列，赋予省一级经济管理权限;1994年2月，被列为全国15个副省级城市之一。

今天的青岛不仅是山东和沿海地区最大的对外经贸、金融、信息中心和对外交通枢纽，而且是中国重要的经济中心城市、沿海开放城市。20xx年，青岛实现生产总值6615。6亿元。青岛目前已形成“二、三、一”的产业发展格局。在第二产业中，青岛的轻工、纺织、食品、饮料工业有传统优势。随着工业结构的不断调整和优化，青岛现已成为全国重要的家电电子、汽车机车船舶制造、石油化工、新材料工业基地，家电、电子、石化等六大产业集群。

青岛工业积极实施名牌发展战略，形成了一大批知名品牌，如海尔、青啤等品牌，无愧于“中国品牌之都”的美誉。

青岛依海立市、靠海兴市，凭借港口、海洋和旅游构筑了青岛三大特色经济。

青岛港由青岛老港区、黄岛油港区、前湾新港区三大港区组成。目前，青岛港已与世界150多个国家和地区的450个港口有贸易往来，被国际港航届誉为“21世纪的希望之港”。20xx年青岛港完成港口吞吐量3。5亿万吨;完成集装箱1201万标准箱;进口铁矿石吞吐量居世界港口第一位。

青岛市中国海洋科技城，海洋科研力量雄厚。全是拥有25个海洋科研机构和国内著名的综合性海洋大学——中国海洋大学。青岛云集了全国50%以上的海洋科研专家，是国家海洋科研、教育和技术交流中心。20xx年7月，国家海洋科学研究中心落户青岛。

青岛旅游经济发达，20xx年，青岛共接待国内外游客4003。47万人次，旅游总收入681亿元;航空运输方面，截止20xx年年底，青岛拥有国内航线96条，国际航线9条，港澳地区航线3条，全年航空旅客吞吐量达到1110万人次。

青岛旅游资源丰富，“海上都市，欧亚风情”是对青岛城市风格的典型写照。西部老市区红瓦、绿树、碧海、蓝天辉映出青岛独特的城市风貌;东部新市区，浮山湾畔迅速崛起的高层建筑、20xx年夏季奥运会帆船帆板比赛场地——浮山湾大型综合海上运动中心和长达12。8千米的东海路中华文明雕塑长廊，勾画出现代海滨都市的壮美。青岛的市花是月季和山茶，市树是雪松。这有天柱山摩崖石刻、即墨古城等10国家级重点文物保护单位。

青岛是中国环境最好的城市之一。20xx年喜获“中国城市环境奥斯卡”之称的“中国人居环境奖”第一名，20xx年被评为“中国品牌之都”，20xx年被评为“中国最具软实力城市”。

青岛有着众多丰富多彩的节庆活动。青岛啤酒节、青岛海洋节、青岛国际时装周等有特色的大型节会，每年都吸引着众多海内外游客，节庆会展等商务旅游已成为青岛旅游的重要形式。

现在，这个充满着生机与活力的城市，正敞开温暖的怀抱欢迎世界各地的朋友前来旅游观光。有诗云“青山碧海映红楼，仿佛人在画中游，天上人间无觅处，岛城美景胜瀛洲。”竟日的青岛已如此多娇，明天的青岛将更加美好。

HI! Gentlemen, ladies and children:

Everybody is good!

My name is Xia Qing, you can call me mayday forever love, Im glad to serve you, now, I will take you to the famous touring, the Summer Palace, Beijing is good, go!

Now weve come to the famous promenade, the aisle has more than seven hundred meters, is divided into 273. Everyone to see! Each cross on the sill between has a colorful picture, thousands of picture no two are the same. Painting not only beautiful, the flowers on both sides of the corridor, it is more beautiful! Dear visitors, now, everyone to the corridor to walk, see the colorful picture!!!!

We covered corridor, corridor landscape let everybody pay homage? You must also very much looking forward to early see the view of the other attractions? Dont worry, we now go!

Where we are now is at the foot of longevity hill, everyone looked up and look up. You see, it stands on the hillside of triangular pyramid three-tier architecture, is the Buddha incense, below the rows of vehicles by palace, you guess, whats that? Dont know yet! Actually that is row cloud temple! Lets go to see!

A: hi! Everyone to look at, this is the kunming lake, it is often said that you look! There are seventeen little tunnel in this stone bridge, is called the marble seventeen-arch bridge which, railing on hundreds of pillar, the above are carved with a lion, so much the little lion, have different attitude, no two are just the same.

Now, its free time, but should pay attention to the following: 1, dont throw rubbish everywhere; 2, dont graffito of the scribble anywhere; 3, must pay attention to safety.

Great, Im talking so much, I wish you all enjoy! Good thanks!

Kunming, the capital of yunnan province, has two thousand four hundred years of history, is the yunnan province politics, economy, culture, science and technology, and transportation center, is also a famous historical and cultural cities and excellent tourist city in China.

Central yunnan-guizhou plateau, kunming is a city center, 1891 meters above sea level. Dianchi lake in the south, surrounded by mountains on three sides. Belong to the low latitude plateau hilly monsoon climate, due to the effect of warm moist air flows in the Indian Ocean southwest of, sunshine long, short frost season, annual average temperature of 15. C. Mild climate, summer without heat and winter is not cold, spring-like four seasons, a pleasant climate, is extremely prestigious "spring city". Every year in December of the year in March, black-headed gull flocks of escape the north sea wind, source come from a far country, landed in kunming city.

Kunming district with a total area of about 15560 square kilometers, of which the urban area of about 98 square kilometers. Total population of 4 million. The entire province 26 nationalities live in kunming.

Kunming is the natural landscape and human landscape of. Long history, unique geological structure, kunming left many cultural relics and scenic spots. Kunming is a developing international tourism city, at present, has formed with the center of the expo sets natural scenery and ethnic customs as one of the multi-function of the four seasons all appropriate tourist resort.

Kunming is transport hub, communication center in yunnan province and China facing southeast Asia ports. Kunming airport is one of the five largest international airports in China, have to yangon, Bangkok, Singapore and so on six international routes, a regional route to Hong Kong, and about 40 routes to domestic large and medium-sized cities, and the seven routes in the province. Existing in kunming to chengdu, kunming to guiyang, kunming to estuarine 12 railway feeder, such as there are between kunming and nanning, as well as of the railway, KunYu railways in the province. Kunming convenient highway, there are more than 5000 km of roads to the province and next-door neighbours.

好了，介绍了这么多有关景区的情况想必大家对我们接下来的行程更加期待了吧?另着急满足了大家玩的需求后，我再给大家介绍一下临沂的风味特色，除了让大家的眼睛满载而归后，让大家的嘴巴也不虚此行。说到吃，首先要说一下临沂菜的特点：临沂菜是典型的鲁菜，当地流行这么一句话：“要解馋，炒子盐，宁缺油，不缺盐。”口味咸，多油是我们这边菜的特点。在菜方面有“蒙阴三大特色菜”，蒙阴是临沂市西北的一个县，也是临沂特色菜的发源地，其中最著名的要数“光棍鸡”“红烧兔子头”“蒙山全羊汤”;蒙阴光棍鸡的得名来源于创始人付氏三兄弟早年创业的故事。据说，付氏三兄弟最早在蒙阴县城开炒鸡店的时候，上到三兄弟下到服务员都是清一色的男人，而做炒鸡用的原料也都是公鸡。于是有客人开玩笑说“不如叫光棍鸡”，开始兄弟三人还挺生气，后来“光棍鸡”由于味道独特引来了越来越多的回头客。“光棍鸡”的名号也越来越响亮，再后来三兄弟中的付泽明注册了“光棍鸡”的商标。并在许多大城市建立了分店，光棍鸡也成了来沂蒙山区必须要吃的一道特色菜;“红烧兔子头”是另一道特色风味，蒙阴自古就有养殖肉兔的传说，而蒙阴县肉联厂把以前没有利用价值的兔子头经过加工做成了最有当地特色的没味之一：兔脑可健脑、兔腮含高蛋白和糊纤维;兔眼名目养神，兔舌更是美味;加上特制的酱，很多客人都赞不绝口;蒙山全羊汤是用蒙山上放养的黑山羊做成，因该山羊善于爬山。因而有“山羊猴子”之称，全羊汤是把整只羊切开后放到大锅里煮，通常要一整天的时间;农村里吃全羊宴也很有讲究的;最早上的是羊血、羊骨、羊杂等。其次上羊肉，最后上羊蹄。俗称“一脚踢”，寓意宴请结束该散席了!

说完菜再说一下主食，临沂的主食是煎饼想必很多人特别是外省人还不知道临沂人这种薄薄的豆腐皮一样的主食的名字----煎饼。可以说是沂蒙人为世界做出的一大贡献，不像其他主食一样，煎饼是一种耐存藏的食品。在条件艰苦的岁月里，煎饼无疑是最好的一种主食，而煎饼卷大葱也成为整个山东的突出印象。煎饼的制作过程也是极有意思的事情。先把玉米啦、小麦啦、地瓜啦、面粉等各种原料做成糊，然后准备一个中间突起四周低一些的“鏊子”，加热用勺子舀在鏊子上，紧接着用一个小推子弄成纸一样薄的饼等熟了后用铲子把煎饼铲下来就可以啦!做煎饼是很有学问的。在以前的农村这可是检验媳妇合不合格的重要标准。

在临沂这边还有一种特别的早餐。在外地的早餐可能主要吃豆汁、豆腐脑、牛奶之类的，在临沂我们主要的早餐叫“米参”。它是用禽畜肉类、麦米、葱、姜、盐、面粉、酱油、胡椒粉、味精、五香粉等多种精料调制而成的一种肉羹。相传“糁”得名于王羲之。据说

王羲之小时候得了一场大病油米不进。看护他的老妈子用老母鸡加各种材料做了一种肉羹给王羲之吃，结果吃完后病便好了。王羲之非常惊讶便问老妈妈“这是啥?”而耳背的老妈子以为是在为她的羹命名。便连连点头“这是啥”，后来便成为临沂的“糁”!当然，这仅是羲之故里乡亲们出于对这位书圣的喜爱而形成的一个传说。其实，糁是一种回民食品，大概在明朝的时候传入临沂，近而传遍了整个临沂，成为临沂人民必不可少的早餐。

早餐介绍完了之后，在给大家介绍几种本地特产。第一是干煸辣肉丝，相信大家都吃过“老干妈”，同样喜爱吃辣的沂蒙山人有着自己的“老干妈”------干煸辣肉丝。蒙阴古时流行“炒糊盐”当菜的传说。改革开放后，蒙阴县旧寨镇农民边振水与其妻子赵春在炒糊盐的基础上，加入辣椒和肉丝，创造出边家干煸辣肉丝，并带动了整个旧寨镇干煸辣肉丝产业的发展。20__年，在山东省老字号品牌选中边家干煸辣肉丝和光棍鸡、惟一斋八宝豆豉被批准为临沂市唯一的3个老字号品牌。

惟一斋八宝豆豉已有130多年的历史了，它发源于临沂地区的酱菜之乡——蒙阴县垛庄镇。后来临沂城内的惟一斋酱园请到了垛庄著名酱园师傅-----彭三，将手艺传到临沂城成就了惟一斋的美名。使其成为临沂三大老字号中历史最悠久的一个。

尊敬的游客朋友，女士们，先生们，

你们好!欢迎各位来到孔子的家乡曲阜参观游览，同时也感谢您选择我作为您此次游览的向导。我是曲阜旅行社的导游员张某，大家可以叫我小张或者张导。孔子有句名言：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”下面就让我怀着结识新朋友的欣喜心情，为大家提供导游服务。

孔庙是祭祀孔子的礼制庙宇。孔子是我国春秋末期著名的思想家、教育家，被尊为儒家学派的创始人。据记载，孔子生而首上圩顶，似尼丘山之形，故因名丘，字仲尼。

孔子在一生艰辛探索的社会实践中，深入了解和认识了当时社会，逐步创立了儒家思想的基本体系，成为当时著名的政治理论家、教育家、思想家。他创立的儒学思想在中国乃至世界历史上都有着很大的影响。孔子死后第二年(公元前478年)，鲁哀公将孔子生前所居之堂改做“寿堂”，房屋三间，里面陈列着孔子使用过的“衣、冠、琴、车、书”，“因以为庙，岁时奉祀”，即每年按时祭祀。尽管当时孔子已是相当知名的学术大师，但儒家还只是一个学派，孔子的地位不高，所以最初的孔庙也仅仅是孔子的故居。汉代以后，孔子及儒学地位逐渐提高。

据记载，从公元220xx年到解放前，孔庙先后重修扩建七十多次：历经两千余年的历代重修扩充，便得曲阜孔庙形成了规模宏大的古代建筑群。共占地约14万平方米，殿堂阁庑466间，门坊54座，碑亭17座。规模之大，与北京故宫、承德避暑山庄并称为全国三大古建筑群。

孔庙的总体布局是由孔子当年的故居长期发展而来的，至今已有二千四百余年的历史。孔庙建筑发展追求的建筑效果是通过建筑群整体所造成的环境去烘托孔子的丰功伟绩和儒学圣教的高深博大来完成的。因此，孔庙建筑的艺术表现力首先是它的总体布局及建筑序列的完整性;其次是它的个体建筑的处理及每道院落的格局，每个殿、堂、楼、门、亭都充分显示出了各自的重要作用;第三是个体建筑的细微方面，充分体现了我国古代建筑家们在设计和施工方面的无与伦比的建筑艺术成就。在整体建筑方面，孔庙采用古代传统的宫庭式建筑形式。但它经过历史上的多次重修扩建，每当重修扩建的时候，它必然要受到前代孔庙建筑形制、规模等因素限制，然而，孔庙的建筑群体最终成功地利用了先代遗产，既体现了历史遗产的延续，又保持了它的总体的完整性。这种独特的建筑形制是由多种因素促成的。首先，孔庙是孔子故宅扩建而成的，它保存了许多有关孔子的古迹，如故宅井、诗礼堂、鲁壁、金丝堂以及为纪念孔子讲学建造的杏坛等;其次是王者宗庙因素，如门戟之制，前殿后寝之制等;第三是宫庭因素，如天子五门之制，王城角楼之制，东、西华门等;第四是宗族家庙因素，如启圣殿、崇圣祠、家庙等;第五是祭祀因素，在孔庙被祭祀者除孔子、四配、十二哲外，还有先贤先儒、祖先等总数达二百余人，这样为容纳大批的从祀者神位，就须得设立廊庑，由此便形成了廊庑院落。除以上几个因素外，还突出地表现了孔子的圣人地位及孔孟之道的神圣性，如泮池、璧水、牌坊等，并以书楼象征孔子在学术方面的伟大成就。孔庙成功地运用了传统的庭院组合与环境烘托相结合的表现手法，达到了渲染孔子在学术上、教育上的卓越贡献和在古代社会中崇高地位的目的，是中国古代建筑群中别具一格的建筑形制。

孔庙内现有古树一千二百余棵，与宏伟的建筑群相互辉映，特别是夏季，上千只鹭鸟居住在古木之上，形成了孔庙又一独特的景观，鹭鸟已被曲阜市定为市鸟

泰山又称岱山、岱宗、岱岳、东岳、泰岳等.名称之多,实为全国名山之冠登临泰山,犹如攀登长城一样,成为许多中国人的梦想.泰山雄峙于山东中部,泰安城北的人称“五岳之首”东岳泰山古称“岱山”、“岱宗”,春秋时改称“泰山”.泰山前邻孔子故里曲阜,背依泉城济南,面积达426平方千米,主峰玉皇顶海拔1545米,气势雄伟,拔地而起,有“天下第一山”之美誉.1987年被联合国教科文组织列入世界自然文化遗产名录.

泰山最引人入胜的地方就是泰山是中国历史上唯一受过皇帝封禅的名山.同时泰山也是佛、道两教兴盛之地,是历代帝王朝拜之山.历代帝王所到之处,建庙塑像,刻石题字,留下了众多文物古迹.历代名人宗师对泰山亦仰慕备至,纷纷到此游览.历代赞颂泰山的诗词、歌赋多达一千余首.走进泰山,就是走进历史.从泰城西南祭地的社首山、蒿里山至告天的玉皇顶,数不胜数的名胜古迹、摩崖碑碣遍布山中.岱庙内,汉武帝植下的柏树翠影婆娑;红门宫前,孔子“登泰山小天下”的感慨,余音缭绕;回马山上,唐玄宗勒马而回的怯懦,神态尤现;云步桥畔,秦始皇敕封的五大夫松,瘦骨昂藏;十八盘道,李白、杜甫历代文人“笑拍红崖咏新作”,墨意未尽,豪风犹在;碧霞祠里,隆重的封禅仪式绰绰伊始.此外还有岱庙、普照寺、王母池、经石峪、碧霞祠、日观峰、南天门、玉皇顶等主要名胜古迹.

泰山兼具古、丽、幽、妙,摩崖碑碣数不胜数,庙宇观堂满山遍布,山势壮丽,自然景观巍峨、雄奇、沉浑、峻秀.全山有古建筑群20多处,历史文化遗迹20__多处,历代文人雅士吟咏题刻和碑记无数.泰山的自然风光更是泰山引人之处,泰山高峰峻拔,雄伟多姿,既是“天然山岳公园”,又是“东方历史文化缩影”.泰山山谷幽深,松柏漫山,著名风景名胜有天柱峰、日观峰、百丈崖、仙人桥、五大夫松、望人松、龙潭飞瀑、云桥飞瀑、三潭飞瀑等.全山分麓、幽、妙、奥、旷五区.麓区山水相映,古刹幽深,位于泰山南麓中路与西路之间的环山路线;幽区绿荫环绕,一步一景,令人目不暇接,位于岱庙沿中路至南天门之间;妙区虽地势平坦,然别有洞天,景色格外宜人,位于过南天门经天街至绝顶之间;奥区林木苍郁,花草茂盛,位于泰山之阴为后石坞;旷区坦途绿荫,溪深谷幽,位于大众桥过黑龙潭沿西溪桥至中天门.

游泰山的最佳时间为每年的3月到11月. 游泰山要看四个奇观:泰山日出、云海玉盘、晚霞夕照、黄河金带.

泰山日出是泰山最壮观的奇景之一,当黎明时分,游人站在岱顶举目远眺东方,一线晨曦由灰暗变成淡黄,又由淡黄变成橘红.而天空的云朵,红紫交辉,瞬息万变,漫天彩霞与地平线上的茫茫云海融为一体,犹如巨幅油画从天而降.浮光耀金的海面上,日轮掀开了云幕,撩开了霞帐,披着五彩霓裳,象一个飘荡的宫灯,冉冉升起在天际,须臾间,金光四射,群峰尽染,好一派壮观而神奇的海上日出.

云海玉盘----泰山云雾可谓呼风唤雨,变换无穷:时而山风呼啸,云雾弥漫,如坠混沌世界;俄顷黑云压城,地底兴雷,让人魂魄震动,游人遇此,无须失望,因为你将要见到云海玉盘的奇景:有时白云滚滚,如浪似雪;有时乌云翻腾,形同翻江倒海;有时白云一片,宛如千里棉絮;有时云朵填谷壑,又象连绵无垠的汪洋大海,而那座座峰峦恰似海中仙岛.站在岱顶,俯瞰下界,可见片片白云与滚滚乌云而融为一体,汇成滔滔奔流的“大海”,妙趣横生,又令人心朝起伏.

晚霞夕照----当夕阳西下的时候,若漫步泰山极顶,又适逢阴雨刚过,天高气爽,仰望西天,朵朵残云如峰似峦,一道道金光穿云破雾,直泻人间.在夕阳在映照下,云峰之上均镶嵌着一层金灿烂的亮边,时而闪烁着奇珍异宝殿的光辉.那五颜六色的云朵,巧夺天工,奇异莫测,如果云海在此时出现,满天的霞光则全部映照在“大海”中,那壮丽的景色、大自然生动的情趣,就更加令人陶醉了.

嗨!大家好，我是大家这一次来泰安游岱庙的导游，我姓x，大家叫我导游好了!今天游岱庙时，请大家除了美丽的照片和美好的回忆，什么也别带走;除了轻轻的脚步和由衷的赞叹，什么也别留下。谢谢合作。好了，我也不多说了，咱们开始这一次的旅行吧!

女士们、先生们，现在我们已经站在了巍峨的岱庙前。大家注意到了吗?岱庙前面，还有一座较小的庙宇，这就是“遥参亭”，是当年帝王来泰山举行封禅祭典时的起点。

正阳门内就是岱庙了。这是一个神奇的地方，它的围墙与一般庙宇不同，围墙周长1300米，5层基石，上砌大青砖，呈梯形。共有8座门：正中为正阳门，是岱庙的正门。迎面是配天门，取孔子说的“德配天地”之意。配天门两侧，东为三灵侯殿，西为太尉，三殿之间以墙相连，构成岱庙中间第一个院落。

过了仁安门，便是雄伟高大的天贶(kuang)殿，是这座庙宇的主体。大家看，天贶殿坐落在白色的台基之上，周围石雕栏楹(ying)环绕，云形望柱齐列，周围施以回廊，回廊把岱庙这座大建筑物紧紧地环抱着，平直与崇高的对比，更激起了人们对岱庙的崇仰。

从天贶殿后门出，有砖石通道与后寝宫相连。是皇帝祭泰山下榻(ta)的地方。

这座高大、古老的庙宇蕴含了丰富的自然与文化的积淀，已被联合国教科文组织列入《世界自然与文化遗产名录》。

从岱庙出来，经岱宗坊、一天门、红门、中天门、升仙坊至南天门、是古代皇帝封禅泰山所走过的路，也称中路。我们从这条路就可以登上泰山极顶了。

女士们、先生们，我们这次岱庙之旅就到此结束了。请你们继续步入大山，去领略泰山的神韵。回味美好泰山的时候，也要记得带你们一起游岱庙的小高导游哟……谢谢大家的支持，再见!

今天，我们班组织到济南红叶谷去看红叶，一大早我们就坐上了大客车，一路上，我们有说有笑，不知不觉中，很快就要到了红叶谷。这里的道路弯弯曲曲，盘旋而上，危险极了，但这丝毫不影响我们爬山游览的兴趣。

我与同学们一块儿，兴高采烈地来到天趣园。刚进入大门，首先映入眼帘的是几只金刚鹦鹉。它们的身体比一般鹦鹉大好几倍，因此而得名。这里有好多动物，有天鹅、孔雀、鸳鸯、绿头鸭，还有许多不知名的小鸟。我抬头一看，在高高的山坡上，有一张大大的网，其作用大概是怕鸟儿们飞出去，回不了家了。

游览了一会儿，我们就去寻找休息的地方。我们找到一个小饭店，旁边有一个水池，往里面看，哇，竟然有很多小螃蟹!咦?这里还有一个紫色的呢!然后，我们顺着小路来到了一个“空中别墅”， 只见底下有一棵粗粗的大树扎根在泥土中，四边还有四棵小树，分别支撑在东南西北四个方向，真是好壮观啊。接着，我们找到一块空地，开始吃起了午餐。

午饭后，冷老师组织我们全班同学打扑克牌，每个组派出一个代表，结果都败在了冷老师的手下。

玩了大约半个小时，我们继续游玩，一路往山上爬。走到半山腰，往回一看，只见一层层的红叶，一簇簇地堆积在一起，那么可爱，那么生机盎然。啊，秋天原来如此美丽!

我们玩到将近一点钟，才恋恋不舍地离开了红叶谷，走进大自然的感觉真好!

各位游客大家好!

恭亲王府原是“千古第一贪”的和珅的家，后被嘉庆帝立下二十四条罪状，抄了他的家充公，恭王府导游词。因最后一任主人是恭亲王爱新觉罗奕讠斤，所以称为恭亲王府。

北京城两龙脉，一是京城中轴线，二是护城河。故宫就坐落在中轴线的头上。而恭亲王府就坐落在两龙脉相交之处。和珅曾大言不惭说：“皇上坐龙头，我坐龙尾。龙头虽掌大局，却还要龙尾行大事。”听听，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一贪”!

恭亲王府内，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。这“蝙蝠”并不是真实的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和珅想让自己很幸福，便取“福”的谐音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

进门后，首先映入眼帘的，便是一只硕大的“蝙蝠”。这是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸边随意错落着假山碎石。福池周围栽满了榆树，榆树的果、叶形似铜钱，每当铜钱般的果、叶掉入福池时，和珅就会笑哈哈：“天上掉下的钱，进入我的‘聚宝盆’，地上的钱也是流入我和珅的囊袋中。”这话可真不假!

我们顺着福池潺潺流水走，便来一扇门前。这是一扇精美绝伦的西洋门，色彩鲜艳，做工精细。据说这也是他二十四条罪状之一。因为这一扇西洋门是仿造皇家园林——万寿园里的西洋门造的。

进了西洋门，绕过“送子观音”石雕，便是和珅家的戏园了。戏园前是一片花园，修剪整齐的灌木丛中开着些许花儿。《环珠格格》中“香妃戏蝶”这出戏就是在这里拍摄的。全北京城只有两处是满地青砖，一是故宫的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戏台了。因为青砖的扩音效果十分好，所以在戏台上唱戏不需要任何扩音工具，偌大的戏场人人都能听到音乐，能站在遍地青砖的戏台上为和珅等权贵大臣唱戏也是一种殊荣了。

穿过雕刻精细的朱栏长廊，便来到了和珅的书斋。书斋四面假山竹林环合，清幽宁静。整个恭亲王府，就它不是用石砖砌的。这座书斋是用一种特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏凉，和珅最爱待在这里了。

出书斋，前面那座十分大气的建筑就是正殿——和珅会客的地方。要上正殿，有一条很特别的路，只有一节阶梯，然后就是一条笔直平缓的坡路，因为和珅说过他这一世，只有年少时吃过苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，万人之上”的权势颠峰。我们可以跨过最底下的一节阶梯，免吃一点苦，直接“平步青云”。

有这样一个故事：当年孝庄太后年老病重之时，极其爱戴她的皇孙——康熙帝，心情极其郁闷。他让侍女苏麻喇姑准备好纸笔，大笔一挥，写了一个 “福”字。写完之后，玄烨和苏麻喇姑看着那个“福”字惊呆了——那个字苍劲有力，十分潇洒。细一看，竟看见了多个词组：多田，多子，多才，多寿……这不就是皇祖母的心愿吗?康熙帝越看越满意，便命人把这个“福”字拓在一块巨石上。结果，久病多时的太皇太后很快康复了!康熙帝大喜，决定将这块饱含吉祥福瑞气息的巨石代代相传，让爱新觉罗家族世代昌盛。

只可惜传到乾隆手中，就被别人偷出了皇宫。这个人就是和珅。现在这块福石就在我们正殿脚下，只露出写有“福”字的一面。这个“福”便是恭亲王府的第一万个福，寓意“万福”。和珅还神气地说：“皇上是‘万岁’，我是‘万福’!”后来，嘉庆帝抄他家时，本想把福石搬回皇宫，可还是没有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石块砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一条龙，寓意“龙坐江山”，嘉庆帝不想自毁“江山”，便把福石留了下来。

恭王府概述

亲爱的朋友，欢迎您使用古游网的导游服务：

王府文化是中华民族传统文化的重要组成部分，是连接宫廷文化和平民文化的桥梁，位于北京西城区前海西街的恭王府，是中国现存王府中保存最完整的清代王府，是全国重点文物保护单位，它代表着中国的王府文化。

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅开始在这东依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪华宅第，时称“和第”。有说法称、明弘治年间、大太监李广也曾经置第于此。嘉庆四年正月初三，太上皇弘历归天，次日嘉庆皇帝就褫夺了和珅军机大臣和九门提督两职，抄了其全家，估计全部财富约值白银八亿两，相当于国库十几年的总收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉庆吃饱”的说法，同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“赐令自尽”。而宅子本身，则归了“爱豪宅不爱江山”的嘉庆胞弟庆僖亲王永璘所有。与此同时，嫁给和珅儿子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸丰元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭亲王奕?成为这所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。 “一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是历史地理学家侯仁之对恭王府的评价。民国初年，这座王府被恭亲王的孙子溥伟以40万块大洋卖给教会，后由辅仁大学用108根金条赎回，并用作女生学堂。新中国成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、风机厂、音乐学院等多家单位使用过。

“月牙河绕宅如龙蟠，西山远望如虎踞”，这是史书上对恭王府的描述。就其选址而言，它占据京城绝佳的位置。古人修宅建园很注重风水，北京据说有两条龙脉，一是土龙，即故宫的龙脉;二是水龙，指后海和北海一线，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之间的连接线上，即龙脉上，因此风水非常的好。古人以水为财，在恭王府内“处处见水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是从玉泉湖引进来的，而且只内入不外流，因此更符合风水学聚财的说法。新中国十大元帅和郭沫若等人，均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常长寿。据说，北京长寿老人最多的地方就是恭王府附近，这个地方是一块风水宝地。

恭王府是我国保存最为完整的王府建筑群，分为府邸和花园两部分，府在前，园在后。恭王府的开放，早在30年前，就被提上议事日程。1975年，周总理在病床上，将三件未做完的事情托付给谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的开放问题。

王府占地约3.1万平方米，分为中、东、西三路建筑，由严格的轴线贯穿着的、多进四合院落组成。王府有门脸五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝殿七间，左右有配殿。府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑规模也是王府中最高的。恭王府的中、东、西三路各有三个院落，其中每一路的后两个院子是我们要游览的主要区域。

现在就请您跟随我们的讲解，游览一下这历尽苍桑、重现世人的恭王府吧。

门外院落

首先给您介绍一下王府主体院落之外的部分。在府邸大门外并列有东西两组院落。

西侧一组院落在三间正门两侧开有两座罩子门通向东、西两路院落，门的前方纵列着四排房屋，每排房屋当中各有一座阿思门，东边的阿思门外有一座影壁。

西侧院落南边沿围墙有两排倒座房，是王府的办事机构用房：前排东侧为回事处、随侍处，中间为管事处，西侧为佐领处、档子房、管领处、庄园处、置办处等，后排为粮仓房;两排倒座之间有东房一排，为裁房、厨房、水屋等。

东侧一组院落中南边沿围墙也有一排倒座房，为王府的兵房，驻有护卫王府的旗兵十余名;北边有一组四合院落，据说载滢回府时在此居住。

当时王府的总出入门就开在东侧院落的东墙上。

好了，下面我们将按照由中路入东路，转中路进西路最后到达后罩楼的顺序带领您转转这重新修缮的恭王府。

正门

中路有正门两重，均朝南。现在您要走入的是恭王府府邸的正门，大门面阔三开间，外置石狮子一对，石狮头上的卷毛疙瘩有12排，代表亲王的爵位。

经过这中路的第一个小院，接下来您还需走过这面阔5间的二门，才能进入王府的中心区域。二门内是正殿及东西配殿，其后为后殿及东西配殿。

向里走您马上会看到的是修复后的银安殿。

银安殿

银安殿俗呼银銮殿，是恭王府最主要的建筑。它作为王府的正殿，只有逢重大事件、重要节日时方打开，起到礼仪的作用。民国初年，由于不慎失火，大殿连同东西配殿一并焚毁。现在经过修复，虽不能与原来的完全一样，但还是能让您体会到它的宏伟与庄重，感受到它的神韵。

现在让我们先去游览一下东路的主要建筑。下一个景点是多福轩。

05多福轩

多福轩采用小五架梁式的明代建筑风格。这里是奕?的会客处，保存着一些漂亮的凤凰彩绘，因其内部悬挂许多“福寿匾”而得名。多福轩内6个书架4个多宝格每个都是4米多高，全是用楠木复原的。

轩前院子内有古藤萝一架，被称为“藤莹架”，据考已生长200多年，在北京是不多见的。因此这个院子又被称为“藤萝院”。

绕过多福轩，您将进入东路的最后一个院子，看到后院的正厅乐道堂。

乐道堂及嘉乐堂

这里恭亲王奕忻起居的地方。奕?为皇子时，道光帝曾赐“乐道堂”匾额一方，此堂因此得名。

东路游览完了，现在请您向西走，去参观中路后院的嘉乐堂。

嘉乐堂五开间、硬山顶、前出廊，是和珅时期的建筑，悬挂“嘉乐堂”匾额一方。该匾疑是乾隆帝赐给和珅的，但匾额无署款，无钤记，故无从证实。在恭亲王时期，嘉乐堂主要作为王府的祭祀场所，内供有祖先、诸神等的牌位，以萨满教仪式为主。这就印证了民间对于王府内有座神殿的传说。

看过了银安殿和嘉乐堂，想必您已经发现了，这中轴线上建筑物的屋顶都用绿琉璃瓦、脊吻兽，而配殿屋皆用灰筒瓦。

Fellow tourists, now our automobile is going on the Badaling highway,must enter the Badaling scenic area immediately which soon visits.Front that mountain is the Jundu, the Badaling Great Wall occupies onthis mountain. In the Spring and Autumn Period Warring States time,our country ancient times the people on already started to constructthe Great Wall, at that time the feudal lord strove for hegemony, inorder to protect own territory not to encroach, therefore hasconstructed the Great Wall in abundance in respective boundary, wascalled mutually guards against the Great Wall.

But our country once appeared three to construct the Great Wall thepeak, respectively was the Qin Great Wall, the Chinese Great Wall,bright Great Wall. Chin Shihhuang in 221 B.C. unified area south ofYellow River, has established the Qin dynasty, in order to strengthenthe rule north, defends nomads invasion, therefore will send thesenior general to hoodwink 恬 300,000 armies and very many laborforces the original north swallow, Zhao, the Qin Great Wall haslinked, and performed to expand, the lasted 9 years constructed westnear 洮 east to be continuous Wan Li to Liaodong the Great Wall, thisalso will be in the Chinese history the together Great Wall. To theHan Dynasty, Martial emperor of Han dynasty also was for strengthenthe defense, "was not called Hu Madu the Yin", has constructed anearly 20,000 mile Great Wall, simultaneously this also has protectedthe new development Silk Road, the Chinese Great Wall is the Qin GreatWall together the front position and the defense line, west itXinjiang, east arrived Liaodong, was in the Chinese history constructsthe Great Wall longest dynasty. But the bright Great Wall is in theChinese history constructs the Great Wall the high point, the projectis big, essence of the technical is unique.

Same year Zhu Yuanzhangestablished Ming Dynasty in the unification nation in the process, hasaccepted "Gao Zhuqiang, Guang Jiliang, slow name king" suggestion. Atthat time Yuan Dynasty although already perished, but also ismaintaining the quite complete military power, in addition graduallyrises Nuzhen races unceasing invasion, therefore starts to constructthe Great Wall. The Ming Dynasty large-scale constructed the GreatWall to achieve 18 were next many, only then basically has last yearsfinished to the Ming Dynasty, east nearby Liaoning Dandong YaluRivers Hushan, west to Gansu Jiayuguans bright Great Wall span 6,350kilometers. The bright Great Wall has three characteristics, buildsthe construction completely, manages the consummation, the layout isstrict. But we saw today the Badaling Great Wall is a bright GreatWalls part. But Great Wall in our country ancient times mostprimitive goal although is the defense, but at the same time it alsoplayed other roles. First is the military function, the second pieceis the economical function, it not only promoted the development andthe northern border economy development which opens up wasteland,moreover also is the area south of Yellow River common people enjoys agood and prosperous life, third promoted various nationalitiesfusion. In addition, it has also protected the communication andpromoted the to foreign countries opening up.

What is worthmentioning, in our country ancient times, not only only has thesethree time constructs the Great Wall the experience, according to thestatistics, in about in 20xx, successively some more than 20 feudallords country and the feudal dynasty all has constructed the GreatWall, some people have made the sketchy computation, if the Great Wallwill rebuild together the height 5 meters, the depth 1 meter big wall,will many circle the Earth 10 many all to have the wealth. Famousfolklore: The beacon-fire play feudal lord and Meng Jiangnyu cry GreatWall also is occurs in the Great Wall. Now, the Great Wall afterpasses through several time repairs and maintains, basically restoredthe former appearance, is included in 1987 by the United NationsEducational, Scientific and Cultural Organization "World cultureInheritance Name list", moreover it or now in world longest defensivecity wall! Proliferated the our country 16 areas, the span hasachieved 10. 80,000 miles.

We passed through a moment ago the road, took place in Yu Guangou.Guan Gou is the Mt. yanshan sierra and Jundu sierra junction meetingplace, south Changping area Nankouzhen, northwest to Yanqing CountyBadaling Great Walls area just outside the city gate, span 40 miles.Is the area south of Yellow River area leads to northwest plateau thepharynx and larynx important highway. The Ming Dynasty has arrangedfour defense lines in here, respectively is the Nankou pass, occupiesthe commonplace pass, on closes, Badaling. Folds on the green jademountain in Guan Gouzhong, once had Jin Dynasty famous Yanjing one ofeight scenery: Occupies commonplace folds the green jade, what a pitynow the landscape already no longer existed.

We saw a moment ago that railroad was designs the construction by ourChinese the first railroad, designs Peking-Kalgan line by ZhanTianyou. Because Badaling area topography complex, the technicaldifficulty are very many, therefore Zhan Tianyou designs the personfont railroad, the success solved the train not to be able directly toclimb and the curve difficult problem, but made a connection longreaches 1,091 meters tunnels also to sigh the Chinese and foreignpublic figure the clothing. Now the bronze statue which sets up in theblack dragon bridge train station is Zhan Tianyou, but also has themonument.

Closes the ditch because of to occupy the commonplace pass but to befamous, we may see front the grand construction occupies thecommonplace pass, its name origins from the Qin dynasty, to ChinShihhuang moves "the commonplace person" in here to live thereforeacquires fame. In the area inside the great wall, some famous whitemarble Shitai, It is Yuan Dai as soon as has sat the streettower, above originally has three Tibet type pagoda, destroyed in theafterwards earthquake. The Ming Dynasty in the original position ] hasestablished the Taian temple, but has been destroyed in the KangxiDynasty, only leaves behind now us to see the column foundation andlooks the column. Baiyu Shitaithe area has 310 square meter under Ticket Gate onto engrave has the lion, the elephant, the weird creature, relief andso on Jin Chiniao, separately represented the Buddhism Dense Ancestor fivesides five Buddhas place to ride, but also had Tianlongbabu toprotect buddhist law the deity the relief. On the endophragm also hadthe four great heavenly gods relief and the god beastly design, theticket goes against also covers entirely daturas pattern, in theflower has engraved has the image of Buddha, altogether 2,215. Alsosome six kind of languages engrave "tuoluoNepal After Incantation" and "Make TowerMerit To record", these all are Yuan Dai artistic high-quality goods,has the very high artistic value.

The Badaling Great Wall is in the bright Great Walls outstandingrepresentative, because here extends in all directions, thereforebecomes Badaling. Possibly everybody can ask that, why has to speakthe Great Wall to construct in here? Actually this mainly is becauseof the Badaling area important geographical position. It not only isguarding the bright imperial tomb, moreover also is Beijingsnorthwest front door.

The Badaling Great Wall is in the history many significant eventstestimonies, for example the dreary queen mother Patrols Good fortune, Yuan Taizuenters the pass, west Empress Dowager Cixi runs away and so on,Badaling all is after all the road. Speaks of here, but also somestory must say for everybody: Is located closes the east end gateroadside, some megalith, the fable the Eight Power Expeditionary Forceattacked into Beijing in 1900, Cixi runs away in the west on the waypasses through here, once stood in this stone other day looks thenational capital, therefore this stone on is also called looks theBeijing stone. But present this stone already not that highlighted.

Some speech everybody certainly knew that, Not to Great Wall non- realman. Introduced a moment ago that many landscape, you are certainlyanxious want to arrive the scenic area to tour, does not use theworry, you also had to become the real man immediately. Good, here isthe famous Badaling Great Wall distant place is the grand scenery, butdownward looked is the Great Wall important constituent old man city,he generally all constructs on the strategic in position keycommunication line. Between old man city two is distanced 63.9 meters,the west gate inscribed horizontal tablet: Key to defense of thenorth, I already have said in front. The east gate inscribedhorizontal tablet is: Occupies the commonplace outside town, themeaning occupies a commonplace outside the passes strategic place. Nowwe looked to the right release that, is ascending Chengkou the southside to exhibit a cannon, named: Invincible might general. IsChong Zhen Year the manufacture.

The Badaling Great Wall has three two walls compositions, what isthree two walls? Now lets me give everybody to explain, threerespectively are the tower on a city wall, the enemy tower, tower on acity wall structure is extremely simple, only is the officers andsoldiers which guards evades the cold the place. That enemy towerstructure relative wants complex somewhat, divides into two, the lowerlevel is by the field, the well, returns, and so on the glyphcomposes, the upper formation has the crenel and looks the hole isobserves the military situation and the archery uses, therefore herealso has defends enemys function.

Under arrived the beacon tower, also is called the beacon-fire, wolfYantai. Is disagrees the Great Wall connected independentconstruction. Once the enemy Attack, lights the beacon-firenotification military situation, the ancient rewards the smoke whichthe daytime lights to be called Beacon-fire, the evening is called the flint.Ming Dynasty time, but also has made the strict stipulation to thebeacon-fire and enemys relations that, Enemy hundred, burn a smokeartillery; Five Caucasians, burn two smoke two artillery; Abovethousand people, three smoke three artillery; Above 5,000 people, foursmoke four artillery; Above ten thousand people, five smoke fiveartillery. On through this way, in the border pass military situationcan the rapid transmission palace wall imperial palace.

Said three, under on said next two walls. The Great Wall flank tallwall is called 牒 the wall, has the crenel is uses for to defend theenemy. But the inside insufficient meter high is called the daughterwall, also is called the space wall. In most starts the Great Wallinside is does not have the daughter wall, but frequently some peoplecan fall down the cliff, therefore has constructed this wall. Each notfar has a small drainage in the Great Wall lower part of wall place,rainy day time by spits the tap to outside to drain water, in order toavoid the water washes out the city wall. But inside Great Walls walluses the stone block to cast, outside builds the brick, again spreadsout the flagstone in above, thus causes the building to be extremelyreliable!

Dear tourists

Hello, everyone. Im No.3 tour guide. My name is Tian Yihan.

Welcome to Mount Tai. Its a great honor for me to show you the beautifulscenery of Mount Tai. I hope you can have a good time and have a good time.Please remember my contact number, 5383028.

Mount Tai, known as the "Five Sacred Mountains", is located in the centralpart of Shandong Province. of great momentum. With a total area of more than 420square kilometers and an altitude of 1545 meters, it ranks the third afterHuashan and Hengshan. It has a solemn and dignified momentum, attractingcountless tourists to visit here.

Now, Ill show you how to climb and watch. There are many places ofinterest in Mount Tai. The first one is Dai Temple. Cultural relics areconcentrated here. It is a palace like building complex. Chinese calligraphy artis concentrated here.

We are now in front of the main building of Dai Temple, which is 223 metershigh and 48 meters long. 7 meters, 19 wide. 79 meters. Hall a total of 9,Diaolianghuadong, yellow tile cover top, resplendent.

Yuhuangding is the highest peak of Mount Tai. We can see the sea of clouds,the sunrise, the strange peaks and the Yellow River there. Its sobeautiful!

Let me introduce you here first. Please follow me and have a good time. Ihope you can have a good time in the past few days in Mount Tai and become yourbest memory in the past few days.