颐和园乐寿堂内部格局图【实用20篇】

各位亲爱的游客，欢迎你们来到首都北京。我是你们的小导游王丹玉。在接下来的时间里我将带领大家一起欣赏北京的人文和景观，希望大家和大家度过一个愉快的旅程!

首先，我们将要游览的是颐和园。颐和园是我国的重点文物保护单位，目前已经列入《世界遗产名录》。游览时请大家自觉保持这里的清洁。

我们现在来到的是颐和园内有名的长廊。看，那有绿漆，红漆的栏杆，多美啊!这条长廊有着七百多米长，分成二百七十三间，每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画。你们相信吗?这么多的画，其中没有几幅是相同的。

大家请跟我继续走，看!那座矗立在半山腰上的三层建筑!闪闪发光的是琉璃瓦，它就是佛香阁;下面金碧辉煌的一排排宫殿，那就是排云殿。

好了，走到这里呢我们的颐和园之行已经接近尾声了，如果您想要拍照或是其他事情的话，请您注意不要走远，同时注意这里的清洁卫生。谢谢您的合作!

请大家集合!请大家集合!我们马上就要离开美丽的颐和园，如果您还没有看够，期待您的下次光临!最后祝您愉快!

游客们，大家好，欢迎来到世界文化遗产——颐和园。很高兴成为大家的导游!我叫，大家叫我好了。

游客们，现在的颐和园是很漂亮，可是有没有人知道它的历史故事?那么让我来说说吧!

颐和园的前身是清漪园，清漪园在咸丰十年(1860年)被英法联军焚毁，光绪十四年(1888年)慈禧太后重建该园，但将“清漪园”改为现在的“颐和园”

然后，该介绍一下这里的景点啦!

我们先来看颐和园的长廊，它长728米，有273间，每间的横槛上都有画，画着人物、花草、风景。上面的几千幅画，没有哪两幅是相同的。

不说不知道，一说吓一跳。可能你们没有想到，居然颐和园的4/3都被昆明湖“占为己有”。湖中无岛不要紧，可湖中偏偏有岛。用什么到岛上去呢?当然用桥了!那就是颐和园的十七孔桥，顾名思义，当然就是有十七个桥孔的桥啦!十七孔桥上面雕刻着狮子，每一只狮子神态各异，各不相同。

讲了这么多，你们是不是已经有些迫不及待了呢?啊?!超级迫不及待了!那么现在呢，就可以去颐和园的景点拍照、游玩了。

顺便提醒一下，大家在游玩的时候不要乱扔垃圾，也不要在文物古迹上乱涂乱画，更不要到危险的地方去。

最后，祝大家玩得愉快!

颐和园英文导游词【最全】

颐和园，中国清朝时期皇家园林，前身为清漪园，坐落在北京西郊，距城区十五公里，占地约二百九十公顷，与圆明园毗邻。它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖为蓝本，汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座大型山水园林，也是保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为“皇家园林博物馆”，也是国家重点旅游景点。下面是由小编为大家带来的关于颐和园英文导游词，希望能够帮到您！

颐和园英文导游词

the tour will take 4-6 hours. the route is as follows:

out side the east gate-side the east gate –in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity- in front of garden of virtuous harmony-in front of the grand theater building- a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall o jade ripples- in front of the o jade ripples- in front of the yiyunguan (chamber of mortal being)-hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the yaoyue (chamber of mortal beings)-hall of happiness and longevity-in front of the yaoyue(inviting the moon ) gate of the long corridor- strolling along the long corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the hall of dispelling clouds- inside the hall of dispelling clouds- atop the tower of buddhist incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the tower of buddhist incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the tower of buddhist incense- inside the garden of harmonious interest –outside the south gate to suzhou shopping street- atop the stone bridge inside the suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the kunming lake-leaving out through the east gate.

(out side the east gate)

ladies and gentlemen: welcome to the summer palace.(after the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) i hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .

during our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.

the construction of the summer palace first started in 1750. at that time, the qing dynasty was in its heyday and china was a powerful asian country with vast territories. the monarch in power then was emperor qianlong. with supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. after 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the garden of clear ripples was completed and served as a testimony to china` s scientific and technological achievements. in 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the yuanming yuan (garden of perfection and brightness) by angol-french allied forces. in 1888, empress dowager cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace). characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the summer palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world. this is the main entrance to the summer palace-the east gate on top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a chinese inscription which means garden of nurtured harmony” , whose calligrapher was emperor guangxu. the gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. all others used the side doors.

(inside the east gate)

the summer palace can be divided into two parts: longevity hill and kunming lake .the whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .this imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. the layout of the summer palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. entering the east gate we will come the the office quarters. entering the east gate we will come to the office quarters. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty. this is the gate of benevolence and longevity. above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both chinese and manchurian characters. the gigantic rock in the foreground is known as taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in jiangsu province and placed here to decorated the garden. on the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as qilin or xuanni . it was said to the one of the nine sons of dragon king. a point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique skin. it was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and prosperity. this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was built in 1750 , and was known as the hall of industrious government. emperor qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after them . after the rebuilding of the summer palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long lives. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful designs. in the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking dragons. on either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of luduan, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent fire. the small chambers on eight side were where the emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi rested and met officials on formal occasions. on the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major occasions. they are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their backs. also on the veranda are tai ping (peace) bronze water vats made during the reign of emperor qianlong. as a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuous harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with beijing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smiles. the grand theater building known as the cradle of beijing opera” was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. on september 10, 1984, the garden of virtuous harmony opened its doors to visitors. there are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here. the staff here put up court dresses of qing dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and stages. all of the stages are connected to a raise ,and a winch is installed at the top. a well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground stage. there are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to surface. the underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more audible .of the three main theater building of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and the largest. the other two are changyin (fluent voice ) pavilion in chengde, an imperial summer resort. the building played a major part in fostering the birth and development of beijing opera: since the completion of the grand theater building, many performances were held in it in honor of the empress dowager cixi.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolent and longevity. it appears that there` s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is a application of a specific style of chinese gardening. not far away in the lake there is a islet. it is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the scenery. the pavilion on the islet is called zhichun (understanding spring) pavilion and is chardcterized by four- edged, multiple eaved roofs.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the hall of jade ripples. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. it was also where emperor guangxu of the late qing dynasty was kept under house arrest. this hall is a hallmark of the reform movement of 1898, emperor guanxu was empress dowager cixi` s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, empress dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the scenes. when emperor guanxu was 19 years old ,empress dowager cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable influence. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. the emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and emperor guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years .all the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard. emperor guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs. the wall remains intact for tourists to see.. dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. the emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and emperor guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years .all the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard. emperor guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs. the wall remains intact for tourists to see. (in front of yiyunguan (chamber of mortal beings) this was where empress and empress dowager of china` s feudal system. however, emperor guanxu was not the last emperor of the qing dynasty. the last in the line was emperor puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be married . in 1912, he was forced to abdicate. during the short reign of emperor puyi. empress longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of empress dowager. in 1911, a revolution led by dr. sun yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, empress longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of china.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

the aged empress dowager cixi was so fond of the summer palace that she decided to live here from april through october of every year. this group of buildings served as her residence. this group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each side .the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting . with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. no wonder one of empress dowager cixi` s pleasure boat. on the pier there is a tall lantern post. flanking the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal peace. the interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the middle. at mealtime, eunuchs-in –waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and empress dowager cixi would dine on 128 courses. because of this more than 1,800 tales of silver would be spent each month on meals. on the east side of the living room is the cloak room. the bedroom in on its west. in front of the yaoyue (inviting the moon ) gate of the long corridor the famed long corridor is ahead. facing kunming lake and in the foreground of longevity hill, the long corridor stretches from yaoyue (inviting the moon ) gate to shizhang (stony old man) pavilion. it is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal pavilions. in 1990 ,it was listed in guinness book of world records.

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace .since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill , four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions (beauty-retaining pavilion, enjoy-the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion and clarity distance pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation. thus sightseers will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to creat a unified complex. this corridor can also be called a corridor of paintings ”: there are more than 14,000 paintings on its beams. some of them are of birds, flowers and landscapes of the west lake in hangzhou, zhejian province. others present scenes from literary classics. the majority of the landscape painting were done under the order of emperor qianlong, who preperred the scenery of south china.

(by the door leading to the exhibition of cultural relics)

this group of temple-shaped structures are known as qinghua (clarified china) hall ,also known as arhat hall during the reign of emperor qianlong. the original hall burned down in 1860. after it was reconstructed, it was renamed. qinghua hall is now used as a exhibition hall displaying rare cultural relics collected in the summer palace. the hall consists of 6 exhibition rooms with tens of thousands of articles of treasure on display in turn. among the exhibits there are bronze ware, porcelain, jade assemblages from the ming and qing dynasties, and rare and paintings. there is also a gigantic stone slab, which is more than 3 meters in height and width. it bears the handwritten inscriptions of emperor qianlong is commemoration of the suppression of a rebellion in the xinjiang region. only this slab survived when the angle-french allied forces set fire to the summer palace.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the hall of dispelling clouds was where numerous palatines kowtowed to empress dowager cixi. it was surrounded by galleries and flanked by annex halls. in the forecourt there is a pool and marble bridges . starting from the lakeside, there lies in succession a memorial archway, the gate of dispelling clouds, the hall of dispelling clouds and the tower of buddhist incense. all of these structures are built on a central axis and each is taller than its predecessor. this was designed to give prominence to the last structure, the tower of buddhist incense, which was a symbol of imperial power. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structure are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace.

(inside the hall of dispelling clouds)

the original buildings on this site were burned down by the anglo-french allied forces in 1860. a new set of structures was built during the reign of emperor guanxu, and was called the hall of dispelling clouds, suggesting that it was a fairyland. the hall was built on a high terrace, and has 21 room. inside the hall are a throne, screens, tripods and mandarin fans. on a platform you will see bronze dragons, phoenixes and tripods. at the foot of the platform there are four bronze water vats, the ancient form of fire extinguishers. the 10th day of lunar october was ,empress dowager cixi` s birthday. on that day ,she sat on the throne here to receive congratulations and gifts. now we are going to pay a visit to the highlight of the summer palace- the tower of buddhist incense. what we are now standing on is a stone terrace which is 20 meters in height. it has a semi housed stairway of 100 steps, you will live for 100 years. so, let` s go !

(in the front of the tower of buddhist incense)

an octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the tower of buddhist incense is the very center of the summer palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient chinese architecture. the tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae logs. with its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the tower of buddhist incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding it .the tower overlooks kunming lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of kilometers .on the west side of the tower stands baoyunge (precious cloud pavilion). it is made of bronze and is7.5 meters in height and 270 tons in weight. it resembles its wooden counterparts in every detail. it is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in china. lamas prayed here during the reign of emperor qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their families. at the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited abroad. in 1992 an american company bought the windows and returned them intact to china.

(on a hilltop leading from the back door of tower of buddhist incense)

now we can see the long and snaking western causeway and a shorter dike that divides kunming lake into three areas that contain south lake island, seaweed-viewing island and circle city island. the three island represent three mountain in ancient chinese mythology, i. e. penglai, fangzhang and yingzhou. this peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of emperor wudi of the han dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for longevity. as the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical islands. using artificial building techniques, the ancient chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.

(inside the garden of harmonious interest)

setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of china traditional architectural styles. the garden of harmonious interest serves as a fine example of this. this garden was built under the order of emperor qianlong and modeled after the jichang garden (garden of ease of mind )at the foot of mount huishan, jiansu province. it was renamed by his son emperor jiaqing in 1811. the existing garden was rebuilt by emperor or guangxu. empress dowager cixi used to go fishing here. the garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries with all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the garden of harmonious interest is basically a garden of waterscape. spanning the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the others. the most famous of them is the bridge known as knowing –the fishing-bridge.” it is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the warring states period, two philosophere named zhuang zi had an interesting argument by the side of a pond. zhang said, ”fish swim to and fro in the water. what happy fish!” hui asked , ”you are not a fish. how do you know they are happy? ” zhuang replied, you are not me .how do you know i don’t know? ” hui signed, i am not you ,therefore, i don’t know you . and you are not a fish ,so how do you know that fish are happy? ” zhang said, you ask me how i know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question?” although the garden of harmonious interest was designed after jichang garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it .

(outside the south entrance to suzhou shopping street)

now lets have a look at longevity hill. on the back slope of the hill stands a group of architectures. the centerpiece of structures there are known as the four continents and are dedicated to buddhism. this group was laid out and arranged in accordance with buddhist cosmology. aside from a main shrine and structures embodying the four continents, there are eight towers representing minor continents. the shrine is surrounded by four lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the moon. the qing authority attached great importance to buddhism. to further strengthen ties with the ethnic minorities who practiced buddhism, the monarchs incorporated both han and tibetan styles of architecture into this group of temples. further north at the foot of the four major continent lies the suzhou shopping street. built along the back lake of the summer palace, this street stretches about 300 meters and features more than 60 stores. it includes restaurants, teahouses, pawnshops banks, drugstores dye houses and publishing houses. in order to recreate the atmosphere of ancient times, visitors will have the chance to exchange their money to ancient style chinese coins for use here. storefronts are trimmed with traditional signboards and ornaments. the commercial culture of the mid-18th century has thus been recreated.

(atop the stone bridge inside the suzhou shopping street)

visitors may be surprise to see that this shopping street is almost the same as that in south china. as a matter of fact, this street was designed after the shops along the canals in suhzhou. originally known as emperor` s shopping street, it was built during the reign of emperor qianlong. after making several inspection tours to south china and being duly impressed by its commercial prosperity, emperor qianlong ordered the construction of this street. the imperial shopping street was burnt down by anglo-french allied forces in 1860. the site remained desolated until 1987, when reconstruction began. it was opened to the public in september 1990. with commercial culture as its hallmark, the suzhou shopping street is a vivid representation of china` s traditional cultures.

(on the road from the south fate of the suzhou shopping street to the marble boat)

this is the hall of pines. from it to the west we can walk to the marble boat. the path we aree taking stretches between longevity hill and back lake. monarchs and their cohorts used to stroll along it .hence it was named central imperial path. along this path you will see lilacs all around. hence, this road is also known as the path of lilac.

(in front of the ruins of the garden of complete spring)

quite a few unique structures were burnt down during the reign of emperor qianlong, among which the garden of complete spring was one of the most famous. the ruined and desolate courtyard by the roadside was its original site, it remains to be restored. this group of structures cover an area of 4,000 square meters and features a number of halls built on three different levels. all of the structures were connected with galleries and stone staircases. with its natural and ingenious combination of pavilions, a hall, galleries and rooms, the garden of complete spring serves as a fine model for other gardens. emperor qianlong frequently visited this compound.

(along the lakeside by the marble boat)

now we have returned from the back of longevity hill to the front. there is the famous marble boat. this structure is 36 meters in length and its body was made of marble. on top of it is a two storeyed structure. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows are inlaid with multi-colored glass and the ceiling was decorated with carved bricks. the drainage system channels rain water down through four hollow concrete pillars and into the lake through the mouth of dragon heads. according to a book written by emperor qianlong, the boat was used for enjoying the scenery and was supposed to be symbolic of the stability of the qing dynasty. halfway up the slope there stands the hall for listening to orioles . the ancient chinese liken the warble of an oriole to beautiful songs and melodies, hence the name of the hall which used to be a theater. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts. it is a must for many foreign visitors to have lunch here when then come to beijing. more than one hundred heads of state worldwide have dined here and the late premier zhou enlai has held banquets here in honor of state guests. (sightseers who want to try the restaurant can go boating after they eat. those who do not can go abroad right away. those who do not feel like taking the boat can stoll along the long corridor to the outside of the east gate). (boating on kunmin lake) we are now going to enjoy the lakeside scenery from a pleasure boat. as a main part of the summer palace, kunming lake covers an area of 220 hectares, or three fourths of the combined space of this summer resort. this natural lake is more than 3500 years old. this lake was originally called wengshan lake. in 1749 emperor qianlong ordered the construction of qingyi garden, the predecessor of the summer palace. involving nearly 10,000 laborers, the lake was expanded and turned into a peach-shaped reservoir, the first of its kind for beijing. from 1990 to 1991, the beijing municipal government ordered the first dredging of the lake in 240 years .involving 200,000 men and hundreds of dredgers and other tools, a total of 625,600 cubic meters of sludge was dredged and 205 bombs dropped by the japanese during the anti-japanese war were removed. the summer palace set a precedent for sightseeing by boat. there used to be a large imperial flotilla, of which the kunming merry dragon” was the most famous. it was destroyed by the anglo-french allied forces in 1860. to make the tour of the summer palace a more pleasant one, a large pleasure boat tai he ” (supreme harmony )was built. this double –decked boat is 37.09 meters long,8,59 meters wide and 10.49 meters high. it can travel at a speed of 9 kilometer per hour. small pleasure boats are also available to tourist. another major spot of interest on the western causeway is jingming (bright view ) hall. both its front and rear face the lake. this structure also features three two- storeyed halls of varying heights. our tour is drawing to a close as we approach the shore. today we only visited the major scenic areas of the summer palace. i have left other spot of interest for your next visit. i will show you out through the east gate. i hope you enjoyed today` s tour. thank you .good-bye and good luck.

各位游客们，大家好，我是你的导游_，大家可以叫我张导或小张。今天将由去我带领大家参观这美丽的颐和园。Lets go!

进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，就来到了有名的长廊，别小看了这条长廊，它有七百多米长呢!绿漆的柱子，紅漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。长廊有273间，每间的横栏上都有五彩的画，几千幅画中没有哪两幅是相同的。

走完长廊，我们就来到了万寿山脚下，大家抬头看一下，那一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑物就是佛香阁。下面的一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿就是排云殿。

现在我们已经在万寿山的山顶了。大家向东远眺，是不是隐隐约约可以望见几座古老的城楼和城里的白塔?

下山以后，如果需要乘坐游船的游客可以到昆明湖里荡舟。不坐船的游客请跟随我到十七孔桥上欣赏昆明湖的美。最后，我们到湖中心的小岛集合。坐船的游客请不要往湖里扔垃圾，以免污染了昆明湖的美丽景致。

目前我们脚下踩着的就是十七孔桥，桥上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着小狮子，各个惟妙惟肖，姿态不一。走完石桥，各位游客请随我和其他几名游客汇合。

这次的游览活动到此结束，颐和园还有许多美丽的风景，希望大家有机会去细细游赏。

列位游客伴侣们：

各人好。

我是本日教育你们嬉戏的导游，我叫__X。本日，我们要嬉戏的处所是颐和园。让我们走进颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，哪里有瑰丽的景致等着我们去看。这是颐和园里很著名的长廊。看，绿漆的柱子，红漆的雕栏，一眼望不到头，长廊是不是很长?你们先猜一猜长廊有多长，要是等一会儿你们猜不出来，我就汇报你们。你说是230米，你说是480米，你说是500米，哈哈，你们说的都差池。长廊有七百多米，分成了273间呢，让我们去看看长廊里是什么样子吧。看，那是什么，哦，原本是横槛上五彩的画。

汇报你们吧，长廊里有几千幅画，没有哪两幅画是沟通的，这可都是画家的心血。你们看长廊两旁是什么，那么多的花是不是很悦目?有玫瑰花，有牡丹花，尚有牵牛花……此刻我们走出了长廊，来到了万寿山脚下。让我们昂首向上看，有一座八角宝塔形的三层构筑矗立在半山腰上。黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，那就是佛香阁。让我们爬上佛香阁。我们往下看看，颐和园的景致泰半收在眼底。

看那葱郁的树丛中潜匿着什么?对了，细心看可以望见黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。看正前面，昆明湖是何等静，静得像一面镜子，它又是何等绿，绿得像一块碧玉。你们知道吗?清朝乾隆天子诗曰“那里燕山最畅怀，无双风月属昆明”来歌咏昆明湖。让我们从万寿山下来，正前面就是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有好几座式样差异的石桥。看，湖中心有个小岛，远眺望去，岛上一片葱绿。让我们到石桥上去。这石桥有十七个孔，以是叫十七孔桥。看，桥雕栏上有上百根石柱，石柱上还镌刻着小狮子。这么多的狮子，姿态纷歧，模样外形各异，没有哪两只是沟通的。好了，本日我们就到这里。你们本日是不是很开心呢?好了，来日诰日尚有更好的景致等着我们，再会。

各位朋友，现在我为大家介绍一下颐和园，颐和园是世界上现存规模最大的皇家园林。始建于金代，位于北京西北郊，距市区15公里，占地面积290公顷。景区主要由昆明湖和万寿山两大部分组成，其中水域面积占全园的3/4。整个园林分为三个功能不同的区域，即以仁寿殿为中心的政治区;以玉澜堂、宜芸馆及乐寿堂为中心的生活区;以长廊、昆明湖、苏州街等为主体的游览区。颐和园将全国的美景及著名建筑融为一体，集南北造园艺术之大成，达到虽为人做，苑如天成的艺术效果。

早在金代的时候，这处园林既不叫颐和园，也没有这么美，只是一处帝王游猎的天然园囿，当时的山叫金山，上面建有金山行宫，水域叫金海。元代改山为瓮山，水域为瓮山泊。明代时这一组山水被称为好山园，已经出现了十里青山行画里、双飞白鸟似江南的美景。清代是它的全盛时期，乾隆皇帝为了给其母庆贺六十大寿，不仅拓展湖面，又在山前、山后修建了不少建筑，特别是长廊的修建更是神来之笔。乾隆皇帝把昆明湖挖成寿桃形，寓意向其母献寿，又把瓮山改名为万寿山，并把此处园林称为清漪园。

凡事有兴必有衰，1860年，英法联军入京，将清漪园、圆明园在内的三山五园烧成一片焦土。1885年，慈禧太后挪用海军军费重修园林，并改名为颐和园，取颐养冲和之意。但好景不长，1900年八国联军又一次将颐和园付之一炬，慈禧太后于1903年再次重建，由于财力有限，只恢复了万寿山前的景观。解放后，人民政府多次对园林进行修缮、保护，颐和园又恢复了往日的风采。1998年联合国教科文组织将其列入了《世界文化遗产目录》，现在我们去参观一下仁寿殿。

各位，这是仁寿门，门口有两块太湖石，人称猪猴石，据说是孙悟空和猪八戒被派到这里来为皇家看家护院。走进人寿门，看到的并不是仁寿殿，迎面是一块高大的太湖石，它是起到一个障景的作用。这是我国古典园林中造景的方法之一，其目的是起到屏风的作用，避免院内景物一览无余，失去含蓄之感。刚才我们讲过了，颐和园是集南北园林之大成，故又是中国古典园林的典范之作，多次、多处成功地运用了各种造景方法，待会儿我再一一向各位介绍，请各位先随我来。

(仁寿殿院内东南角松树下)

刚才我们看到了门口的那块太湖石，现在请各位再看看院内四周，这里还有四块太湖石，为什么要在这里放些奇形怪状的所谓太湖石呢?首先我先告诉大家何为太湖石。说起太湖石，大家应该不陌生，在很多园林内都有，它们看起来奇形怪状，满身是洞，或堆成假山或装点景致，只是不太知道它们的名字罢了。其实，太湖石是产自于江苏无锡的太湖湖底，因其相貌奇特，有透、瘦、皱、漏之称，而且产量又少，故被皇家选为稀罕物运来放在园林内起装饰作用。有些太湖石天生酷似某些人物、动物或祥瑞之物，就更成了人们收藏、寄与某种美好象征的尤物。

还记得门口的那块太湖石吧，从背后看去，没什么奇特之处，但要从正面看上去，你便会拍手叫绝，因为这块太湖石就像是一个老寿星，面向仁寿殿，给慈禧太后祝呢，您看像不像?另外四块太湖石根据其形状，象征一年四季之春华、秋实、冬枯、夏荣，这四季石与老寿星被称为峰虚五老，象征长寿之意。

再看看院中的这只铜铸的怪兽，人称四不象，你看它鹿角、龙头、狮尾、牛蹄，别看它长相怪异，可是本领高强，能避火，又是一种仁义之兽，既是仁兽，故在仁寿殿前，真是找对了地方!您也许会问，刚才你说真是找对了地方，莫非这四不象原来不在此处?您说的不错，四不象原有一对，是乾隆年间铸造的，原来放在圆明园，1860年英法联军在火烧圆明园时，另一只被侵略军所毁，真是令人惋惜。

在大殿前还陈列着铜制的龙、凤、香炉、太平缸等。特别是龙凤的位置与其它地方的陈设位置不一样。在古代帝王的宫殿、园林内的龙凤等吉祥物，其陈列方式应该是龙在上，凤在下;龙在内，凤在外。在这里却成了凤在中央、龙陪两旁的格局，是哪个大胆之人所为?不是别人，就是在这座大殿内垂帘听政、发号施令的女主人慈禧皇太后，好象在向人们说：谁说女子不如男?

(在仁寿殿的中间靠左的位置)

这座大殿叫仁寿殿，是帝后们夏天到这里来避暑时，临时处理政事的地方，其功能相当于故宫的乾清宫，等级相当于故宫的太和殿。这一区域就是我们在前面所说的颐和园内三大区域之一的政治活动区。在清代的每一处园林内，都设有一座处理朝政的大殿，一般称为勤政殿，以示皇帝在休假娱乐时也不会疏于国事，以示勤政，其实，只不过是懒得跑回故宫处理朝政而已。清末，慈禧手握大清大权，在故宫养心殿及颐和园勤政殿垂帘听政。天下凡是大权在握的人，通常都不想死，都希望长生不老，故大权在握的慈禧太后便将勤政殿改为仁寿殿取自于《论语》中的仁者寿，即施仁政者能长寿的意思。

在大殿内的后壁上，悬挂着寿协仁符的大匾，殿内设九龙宝座，御案及众多装饰物。值的一提的有两处陈设。首先请各位看一看正对面的大水银镜，上面有不同字体的寿字，共226个，取寿字之多的意思。在镜子的左侧的一辐画卷上有一个很大的寿字，背景里有100只蝙蝠，取意百福捧寿。这100只蝙蝠与镜子上的226个寿字寓意为多福(蝙蝠)多寿(寿字)真可谓是用心良苦，那么慈禧太后到底是否长命百岁了呢?慈禧太后一直活到了73岁。有句古话叫人活七十古来稀，现在活到七十不足为怪，但在当时活七十多岁不能不说是位长寿之人。是不是那些福字呀寿字呀保佑了老佛爷呢?当然不是，这是与老佛爷的饮食起居有规律及日常保养是分不开的。人吃五谷杂粮，谁能没病?天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福，谁能没灾?不过，慈禧太后不怕生病。她说有病有灾我能挺，因为我有延年井。据说呀，喝延年井的水便是老佛爷长寿的秘诀之一。那么大家想不想看一看延年井沾沾仙气?好!各位随我来，我们一起去参观延年井。(在延年井旁)

各位，这就是延年井，据说有一年慈禧中了暑，久治不愈。一天睡午觉时梦到了一口井，便派人来挖，果然挖出一口井。慈禧太后取水喝了一碗，暑气顿消，精神气爽，非常高兴，便封其为延年井。以后慈禧太后经常饮用此水，并用此水沏茶，称为延年井水沏杯茶，气得大夫满街爬。其实，这口延年井的井水为优质矿泉水，确实有利于人体健康。慈禧对这口井的感情胜过金银珠宝。1900年八国联军打进北京，慈禧太后从紫禁城跑到颐和园，金银珠宝丝毫未取，只是特意来喝了一碗延年井水，然后就背井离乡，带上光绪皇帝匆匆西行了

好了，讲完了政治活动区，现在我们要去帝后生活区参观一下，首先我们去看一看光绪皇帝在园中居住的地方玉澜堂，请大家跟我来。

(在仁寿殿后的假山旁)

走到这里，也许有些人已经不耐烦了，会问导游，您说过颐和园又大又美，3/4都是水，可我们进来以后确是什么门呀，石头呀，大殿，假山呀，水呢?为什么不带我们去看?大家别急，如果进门就是水，您是否会觉得太直截了当了，就会觉得不够深度。其实，这又是一种造园方法，叫抑景。所谓抑景就是先抑后扬，即当各位感到山穷水尽疑无路之际，便是最想看到柳暗花明又一村之时。这里看起来曲径通幽，其实，您再往前走几步，就可以体会到柳暗花明的感觉啦!不信，请各位走走看。各位!现在是否有一种湖光山色尽收眼底之喜悦感?俗话说，冰冻三尺非一日之寒，故精美园林非一日之建。咱们在前面已经讲过，早在金代，这里便是帝王们游猎的场所，当时的万寿山被称为金山，山上，建有金山行宫，供金代帝王游猎时临时过夜居住。山下的水域在当时称为金海湖。元代改金山为瓮山，据说是有一老瓮在山上挖出石瓮而闻名，山下的水域被称为瓮山泊。明代曾把这一组山水称为好山园，并在瓮山南坡建园静寺，改瓮山泊为西湖，当时的景色已经出现了西湖十景。特别是到了清代，盛世国君乾隆皇帝为了给他母亲庆祝60大寿，在此大兴土木，在瓮山的南坡增建了以排云门至佛香阁的中轴建筑群，把这组建筑做为生日礼物送给她的母亲，以示孝顺。乾隆皇帝还将瓮山改为万寿山，既然山改名了，水自然也要改名，叫什么呢?据说当年汉武帝曾在都城长安挖昆明池操练水军，于是乾隆皇帝效仿先贤，将万寿山下水域挖深，而且拓宽湖面，为日后训练水军之用。工程结束后将这片水域更名为昆明湖。现在请大家随我去知春亭，那里是观赏颐和园全景的最佳位置。我将为大家介绍一下昆明湖东岸的重要景观及建筑。

(在知春亭外)

这里是观赏颐和园全景的最好的地方，为何称之为知春亭呢?大家都知道春江水暖鸭先知的说法吧?但这里不养鸭，怎么才能知道春天的来临呢?我们的方法是望柳而知春。大家看，这里遍植桃柳，每当春天来临，此处是最先柳绿花红，向人们报春，故名知春亭。放眼望去，远处群山起伏，古塔耸立，现在我来问一问大家，远处的这座古塔是在颐和园园内呢，还在园外?远处的山叫玉泉山，盛产优质矿泉水，是专供紫禁城内的皇帝及后妃们饮用的。

远处的古塔叫玉泉山塔，看着在园内，其实是在园外的玉泉山，这种把别处的景色，借来一用的造园方法，称为借景。

再看看我们左前方的那个小的岛屿，它叫南湖岛它的南面有三个小岛凤凰墩、治镜阁和藻鉴堂，象征东海三仙山的蓬莱、方丈和瀛州，它与万寿山遥遥相对，这种造园方法叫对景。

连接南湖岛与东岸陆地的桥叫十七孔桥，是仿北京著名的卢沟桥而建，为何要在这里仿卢沟桥建一座十七孔桥呢?这得从乾隆皇帝说起。

乾隆皇帝虽为一代明君，但也是一位好大喜功的帝王。他在下江南的游历中对江南的景色及建筑都非常喜欢，因此产生一个念头，何不将天下美景尽绘长廊之内，将天下精美建筑集于颐和园当中，于是颐和园中便出现了黄鹤楼、岳阳楼、卢沟桥等景致。乾隆皇帝还想留住杭州和苏州的景色，于是，又仿杭州的苏堤在颐和园内建西堤，西堤上又建6座桥用以增色，而且还消除了由于西侧建筑少而产生的空旷感，起到了造园方法上添景的作用。

此外还有万寿山后建苏州街，整条街再现苏州水乡的美景，这样一来，足不出京，就可遍游江南秀色，虽然造景花点钱，但节省了一次次下江南的路费及辛苦。如此说来，还真是挺合算的!

在十七孔桥东侧有个八角亭，叫廓如亭，它可是我国现存最大的一座亭子，它与十七孔桥及南湖岛连接在一起，形似一只乌龟的头，颈和身躯，用乌龟形状象征长生不老之意。

廓如亭往北的河堤处伏着一只铜牛，与真牛大小相仿。为何在此设铜牛?有两种说法：一种说法是为了镇水，乾隆皇帝铸铜牛，还特意写了一篇《铜牛铭》，刻在了牛背上。另一种说法是在初建园林时，昆明湖西侧有一组田园风光的景致被称为织耕图，象征织女居住的地方，而东岸的铜牛郎隔天河---昆明湖与织女遥遥相望，够浪漫吧!

最后给大家介绍一下文昌阁，请看我们前方的这座关城式建筑，叫文昌阁，阁楼内供奉一尊文昌帝君的铜像。相传文昌帝君是专门主宰人间功名利禄的神，深受世人信奉，连皇帝也不例外。但是文昌帝君真要保佑某人当上皇帝，有了功名利禄，有了江山社稷，一定就会幸福吗?不一定!眼前就是一个例子。

各位看看那座小院，她叫玉澜堂(指向北侧)。那里曾经是光绪皇帝的监狱。身为皇帝，却失去了最基本的人身自由，够可怜的吧!为什么贵为天子的光绪皇帝会落到这步田地呢?咱们待会再讲。现在先请各位欣赏一下美丽的景色，照张像，我们5分钟后在玉澜堂门前集合。

各位，现在我们要参观的是颐和园中生活区的一组建筑，是清末慈禧游历颐和园时皇帝及皇后住的地方。前面的一组建筑叫玉澜堂，是当年光绪皇帝居住的地方;后一组建筑叫宜芸馆，供皇后居住。这是一组紧邻昆明湖的建筑，故以湖水似玉、波澜起伏为意境，将皇帝的居处取名为玉澜堂。

不知大家是否注意到这座大门前有两块大石头，左右而立?为什么在此设石?石头有没有来历和说道?当然有，不过这得先从光绪皇帝及戊戌变法讲起。1894年，中日甲午战争爆发，慈禧太后以不得罪支邦为由，实行不抵抗政策，导致清王朝在亚洲最大的北洋水师全军覆灭。甲午战争失败后，清政府割地赔款，中国面临列强的瓜分，这使国内的一些有识之士等非常激奋。以康有为、梁启超及谭嗣同为代的改良派上书给光绪皇帝提出变法，得到了年轻的光绪皇帝的支持。但以慈禧太后为代表的保守派人为祖宗之法不可变。于是在暗中阴谋策划废黜光绪皇帝，在最关键的时刻，由于两面派袁世凯的告密，使得戊戌变法宣告失败。光绪也皇帝从此失去了人身自由，相当于被判了无期徒刑，被囚禁在玉澜堂。

现在回头再说这两块石头，它们叫母子石，是慈禧太后让人从香山搬过来的，把它们放在这里是对光绪帝的责骂，好象在说：光绪呀!光绪!没有我你能当上皇帝吗?可现在你却要造我的反，你可真是没良心，你看看，连顽石尚有母子之情，你真是不如顽石呀!

光绪也暗暗骂道，老佛爷呀!老佛爷，你也太狠心了，你知道当一个傀儡皇帝的感觉吗?我身为皇帝上不能治国，下不能安民，国家将亡，我受万民唾弃，屎盆子扣到我头上，你却站在那享福，还把我关起来，真是心比石头还硬呀!好了，现在我们到园内参观一下。

(在玉澜堂大院内)

玉澜堂为这个院落的正殿，两侧有配殿，东为霞芬室，西为藕香榭。玉澜堂的后面是通向宜芸馆的穿堂门。各位如果到两侧配殿门口，您会惊奇地发现，哎呀!怎么开门后不是屋子而是一堵墙呢?其实不但是两侧配殿，既使是通向宜芸馆后门也被封死，这就是当年光绪皇帝被囚禁的地方。光绪皇帝虽不用戴手铐、脚镣，但每日如座井观天，好不凄惨!就这样，自戊戌变法失败后，光绪皇帝当了十年的囚徒皇帝，于1908年含恨而死。要说慈禧太后与光绪真是一对冤家，在光绪皇帝死的第二天，老佛爷也驾鹤西行了，据说是老佛爷不放心，怕光绪在阴间造她的反，故紧跟光绪而去。

玉澜堂内的陈设均按当年原状展出，正殿中有皇帝宝座，御案，掌扇及龙床等，请各位参观5分钟，我们在后院集合。

(在宜芸馆门前)

各位，宜芸馆是皇后在颐和园居住的地方，宜芸为藏书之意，乾隆皇帝曾在这里读书。现在门内的廊壁上镶嵌有10块乾隆皇帝临摹的书法真迹，殿内物品也都是按当年隆裕皇后在此居住时的原状陈列的。请各位在此参观5分钟，我们的下一站便是慈禧老佛爷在颐和园中的住处乐寿堂。

各位朋友，现在我们来到了颐和园的主人慈禧太后的住处乐寿堂。乐寿堂二字取自《论语》知者乐、仁者寿之意，就是说有学问的人很快乐，讲仁义的人能长寿，之所以取乐寿二字，是慈禧希望自己能够快乐长寿。

乐寿堂内的陈设保持原状，正厅是慈禧日常起居活动之地，堂内有宝座、御案、掌扇等，除此之外还有青花大瓷盘，瓷盘是装水果用的，但不是为吃，而是专为闻香味而设，堂内的东外间是茶点室，东内间是更衣室，西外间是处理日常政事的地方，西内间是卧室。

乐寿堂外门口两侧设有梅花鹿、鹤、花瓶各一对，有人会问，此处为何不摆龙、凤、狮子等，却放些鹿呀、鹤呀什么的，是何道理?其实这几件陈设物品加起来是一句吉祥语，梅花鹿的鹿与大写的六(陆)同音，取其六字，鹤与合家欢乐的合字读音接近，花瓶的瓶与太平的平同音，故这鹿、鹤和花瓶取六合太平之意。

院中还种有玉兰树、海棠树，原来还有牡丹，取玉兰花的玉，海棠花的棠与乐寿堂的堂同音，再取牡丹的富贵之意，即为玉堂富贵。再说，慈禧的小名儿叫兰儿，所以种玉兰花就更理所当然啦!

在乐寿堂的正前方，有一块巨石，人称房山石，还记得太湖石吗?南方的太湖石是以透漏皱瘦者为贵，而房山石是以有孔不透也不漏、有形不皱也不瘦者为佳。这块巨石有孔、有形，似灵芝，名为青芝岫。青为青色，芝为灵芝，岫为孔洞之意，即为一块青色、有孔、有洞的大灵芝石。但是呀，它也有一个不吉利的名字叫败家石，这又是怎么回事呢?这话得从明朝说起了。

明朝有一位喜欢搜集怪石的官员，叫米万钟，您听这名字，要是用大钟来装米，能装一万钟，够富的吧!因为这块石头却败了家。据说有一天，米万钟在房山发现了这块巨石，非常喜欢，于是动用大批人力来搬运这块石头。隆冬时每隔数十米便挖一个水井，在路上泼水冻冰再用人马拖运，开销很大。还没走到北京就家财耗尽，只好弃之路边。故人称败家石。转眼到了清朝，乾隆在去西陵祭祖的时候发现了这块巨石，当时乾隆正在为其母亲庆六十大寿而采办释罕物，于是想把这块石头运回北京。运到这里后，却发现进园的门太小，没办法，只能破门而入。乾隆的母亲知道后很生气，说：此石既败米家，又破我门，真是败家石败家石乾隆皇帝一时无话可说，只能听着数落，还是机智的刘罗锅眼睛一亮说：太后息怒，皇上将此石运来是看它形状象元宝，又似灵芝，您看，像不像呀!如果是元宝、灵芝破门而入，那可真是可喜可贺之事呀!这是财源滚滚破门入，灵芝仙草延寿年的吉兆，这是说太后您多福多寿呀!太后仔细看了看这块石头，哎!确是有些象元宝、灵芝，于是息了怒，转忧为喜。乾隆见状，顺坡下驴，立即在石头上题青芝岫三个字，还乘兴题了一首《青芝岫》诗，至今隐约可辨。

说来也巧，自从这败家石进了园子，大清朝便从乾隆盛世开始衰败，最终真的败了大清王朝。

前面我们讲了，慈禧是一个爱奢侈的人，就拿吃饭来说吧，颐和园内共有八个大院是专门为慈禧太后做饭的厨房，被称为寿膳房，每天有120人为她的三餐忙和。慈禧太后每天二顿正餐，二顿小吃，在乐寿堂的正厅用餐，在用膳时，一般摆三桌，一桌供吃，一桌供看，一桌供装饰。慈禧太后每顿正餐需主食60种，茶点30种，各色佳肴128种，一天的餐费为白银60两，当时可买一万斤大米，可供四口之家生活一年有余，真是帝后一席饭，百姓数年粮。虽然如此，但是慈禧太后有一点很值得我们学习，她每天准点用餐，而且从不多吃，更主要地是她吃完饭后总要活动活动，她坚信饭后百步走，能活九十九，这恐怕也是她长寿的秘决之一吧!那么慈禧太后到哪里去百步走呢?当然是去长廊了!好，各位，现在我们就到长廊里看一看，走一走

位，现在我们来到了长廊景区，长廊是世界上最长的画廊兼游廊，建成于公元1750年，位于昆明湖和万寿山之间，不仅连接了山水，而且为全园增添了神趣，可谓是巧夺天工之作。长廊东起邀月门，西至石丈亭，长廊全长728米，分为273间，中间点缀着象征四亭的留佳、寄澜、秋水和清遥四个亭子。站在万寿山上看长廊，它象一只展翅飞入昆明湖的大蝙蝠，昆明湖又象征着东海，这蝙蝠飞入东海的设计便是福如东海的象征啦!很巧妙吧!

前面讲了，乾隆皇帝下江南时，对江南的山水风光非常留恋，于是派画师们到江南去写生，回来后，将画稿上的山水景色画在长廊之上，同时又将中国古典文学中的人物、故事等也汇聚于长廊之上，于是形成了一条世界著名的集山水风光及人文逸事为一体的艺术长廊。长廊上共有各式图画一万三千多幅，于1900年被评为全球画廊之冠，列入吉尼斯世界大全。如果您置身廊内，漫步其间，便会由然产生一种人在廊中走，神在画中游的感觉。好，下面请各位游长廊，祝各位好心情!

(在排云门前)

怎么样?各位，有些累了吧!不过这长廊尚未走完，同志仍需努力呀!其实我们刚刚走了长廊的一半，这里便是长廊左右两部分的分界线。从排云门前的排楼往上的建筑分别是排云门、排云殿、佛香阁和智慧海，是万寿山前的一组中轴建筑，由于我们不到里面去参观，所以我给在家讲一讲里面的主要建筑。

首先为大家介绍一下排云殿，它名称的来历是出自晋代郭璞的游仙诗中神仙排云出，但见金银台的词句，可见此处非凡人所居之处，那么这座建筑是做什么用的呢?明代这里曾建有一座古刹，名为圆静寺，后来被毁，清朝乾隆皇帝为了给母亲祝寿，在圆静寺的基址上，建了一座大报恩延寿寺，后来被侵略军所毁。现在各位看到的排云殿是清光绪年间，即公元1887年修建的，它是专为慈禧太后举行寿庆活动的场所，慈禧太后把自己比成排云而出的神仙，希望自己能够长生不老。

在排云殿之上，是全园的中心建筑佛香阁，是为慈禧太后烧香拜佛而设，佛香两个字来源于佛教对佛的歌颂。

再往上，在万寿山之巅为全园的最高建筑智慧海，从这组建筑的名称即可断定，这是一组宗教建筑，智慧海的意思是歌颂佛的智慧浩翰如海。这组建筑虽遭联军破坏，但没有被烧毁，为什么呢?因为它是由琉璃砖及石料建成的，又因用石料发券而成，不设大梁承重，故称无梁殿，为北京三大无梁殿之一。

现在回过头来再说说排云门，大门两旁除了青铜狮外，还有十二块太湖石，又叫排衙石，象是两排衙役守卫在门前，其实它们还有一个名字叫十二生肖石。大家有兴趣可以找找看，哪一块是自己的生肖石，不过艺术本身就是夸张的，妙在似与不似之间，即三分像、七分想，越看越象。大家可别个持已见而吵得面红耳赤哟!好，我们在此休息十分钟，大家可以照照相，十分钟后在这里集合。

各位朋友，现在我们来到了长廊的西端，石丈亭。在我们眼前的湖水中有一条大石船，它的名字叫石舫。石舫又叫清晏舫，取河清海晏之意。它全长36米，是我国现存最大的古代石舫。船体上原来建有单层中式舱楼，后被侵略军烧毁，1893年重建后在船体上建双层西式舱楼，成为今天的这个式样。在上下两层舱楼内各有一块大水银镜，据说每逢细雨绵绵之季，慈禧太后常在舫上品茶、赏雨景。您也许会问，这喝茶看雨景跟镜子有什么关系呀?是这么回事儿，人家慈禧太后不是直截了当看雨景，那多俗呀!人家看的是镜子里的雨景，讲究的是半梦半醒之间的朦胧之美。那么这个大石舫有什么寓意呢?大家都听说过水可载舟、亦可覆舟的古语吧!这是统治者所不愿看到的，于是建了这么一个大石舫，任凭风吹浪打永不会被顷覆，取江山永固之意。

人家都说乾隆皇帝聪明，我看这便是他的一个败笔，大家都知道，水涨船高的道理吧!您想，如果造条大木船，如果遇到水涨、巨浪什么的，水涨船高，可能还会保住性命。但造条石船，如果遇到水涨，船就不会升高。最终，这条象征统治阶级的大船被孙中山先领导的辛亥革命的洪流所淹没了

好了!颐和园内重点景物的介绍到此结束，现在请各位在大石舫前留个影，谢谢大家一路的配合!

凡事有兴必有衰，1860年，英法联军入京，将清漪园、圆明园在内的三山五园烧成一片焦土。1885年，慈禧太后挪用海军军费重修园林，并改名为颐和园，取颐养冲和之意。但好景不长，1900年八国联军又一次将颐和园付之一炬，慈禧太后于1903年再次重建，由于财力有限，只恢复了万寿山前的景观。解放后，人民政府多次对园林进行修缮、保护，颐和园又恢复了往日的风采。1998年联合国教科文组织将其列入了《世界文化遗产目录》，现在我们去参观一下仁寿殿。

颐和园位于我国首都北京市城区，那里风景优美，是个可爱的地方。

刚踏进颐和园的大门，我就不禁被它的美丽所吸引。在它的正中有一个很大的湖泊，湖泊的水在阳光的照耀下显得五光十色、瑰丽无比，深蓝、深绿、浅蓝、淡青……湖面上有许多小船，坐在船上的游人，正在欣赏美丽的湖景呢!湖里而且还有许多小鱼，鱼儿一会儿跳出水面，一会儿跃进水中，给湖泊添上了活跃的色彩。其实，那个湖泊也有平静的时候，那就是早晨了。早晨，雾从山谷里升起来，眼前朦朦胧胧，就像给颐和园披上了一层轻纱。湖面很平静，只有偶尔一条小鱼跃出水面，我叫这个湖为“颐和湖”。

我们再朝湖的左右看，有许多大树围绕在“颐和湖”的前后左右。树上的叶子葱葱茏茏，挤在一起，一根树枝上就有无数的叶子。

我们再把视线移到湖的右边，咦，有一个古长廊，这个长廊很特别，不仅有很长的距离，而且廊柱、廊沿四周都刻有许多精美的花纹，长廊两边还设有一些小椅子，游人座在上边，感受着如沐的微风，惬意无比。

啊，多么美丽的颐和园。

各位游客：

大家好!我叫张卓文，是此程游客的导游。我将带领大家浏览颐和园，希望大家旅游愉快。

颐和园位于北京，是一个美丽的大公园。进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，就来到了有名的长廊。绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七百多米长，分成273间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。

走完长廊，就来到了万寿山脚下。抬头一看，一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰，那就是佛香阁。登上万寿山，站在佛香阁的前面向下望，颐和园的景色大半收在眼底，葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。正前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。向东远眺，隐隐约约可以望见几座古老的城楼和城里的白塔。

从万寿山下来，就是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有好几座式样不同的石桥。游人走过长长的石桥，就可以去小岛上玩。这座石桥有十七个桥洞，叫十七孔桥;桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着小狮子。这么多的狮子，姿态不一，没有哪两只是相同的。

快乐的时光总是短暂的，今天就浏览到这里。谢谢大家对我工作的支持，欢迎再来颐和园，再见!

我是一个小导游，你们可以叫我宋导游，今天，我们大家要到北京的一个大公园-------颐和园，你们要记住：北京的颐和园是一个美丽的大公园，我们还要做到以下几点;

不要在地上乱扔垃圾;不要在文化古迹上乱涂乱画;不要动上面的字和画，因为，比如：每天有一亿个人来摸话，日子长了，就会容易化掉，就在也没有了。所以我们大家要爱护它，不要破坏，下面，我们开始参观了。

话说在北京城西北郊有一座小山，山前有一片天然形成的湖泊。小山和小湖本来没有名字，因辽金时期在这一带建有金山行宫，于是小山和小湖被称为“金山”和“金海”。到了元代，传说有一位老人在山下挖出了一个石瓮，所以小山和小湖改成“瓮山”和“瓮山泊”。瓮山泊在元大都之西，且景色妖娆，于是在文人笔下又衍生出了“西湖”的美称。在明朝时已经出现了“西湖十景”的自然景观和“西湖十寺”的人文景观。到了清朝，乾隆皇帝对西湖进行了大规模的扩建，并改其名为“昆明湖”，把挖湖的泥土堆积在瓮山需要修饰的地方，并改其名为“万寿山”，用20xx年的时间把这里修建成了一座大型皇家园林，取名为“清漪园”。

咸丰年间，英法联军占领北京，将清漪园烧毁。光绪年间，重建清漪园，并改名为“颐和园”。八国联军占领北京后，颐和园再次被毁。慈禧回京后，再次用巨款修复，但由于财力有限，只修复了部分景观。直到新中国成立后，政府出巨资对颐和园进行了多次整修，才基本上还原了清漪园时期的风貌。1998年，颐和园被列入《世界遗产名录》。

颐和园是我国皇家园林的典范，其原名为清漪园，始建于清乾隆年间，占地290公顷，其中陆地面积约占1/4，湖水面积约占3/4，按其功能可分为宫廷区和园林区，宫廷区又分为政治活动区和帝后生活区，园林区主要由万寿山景区和昆明湖景区组成。

东宫门是颐和园的正门，坐西朝东，面阔五间，中间设三个门。正门匾额上“颐和园”三个字为光绪御笔。“颐和”是颐养精神、心平气和的意思，寓意颐和园是慈禧太后养老的地方。门外台阶正中镶嵌着一块雕刻精美的云龙石，俗称“龙垫儿”，是从圆明园移至此处的。东宫门前是涵虚罨秀牌楼。涵虚罨秀牌楼为三间四柱七楼式，牌楼中间镶嵌着一块石匾额，东题“涵虚”，喻山水广阔;西题“罨秀”，喻捕捉秀色;两处均是乾隆御笔。东宫门外南北两侧各有一排小房子，这里是大臣们等候上朝或召见时休息的地方，也是侍卫和銮仪卫的值房。东宫门内南北两侧也各有一排小房子，这里是军机处、六部、九卿等候圣旨和处理日常事务的值房。

进入东宫门向西而行，就来到了仁寿门。仁寿门前有两块装饰性青石，门内有一块巨大的太湖石。这块石头是从墨尔根园移来的，此石色青圆润，形如寿星，所以叫做“寿星石”。进入仁寿门就来到了仁寿殿院落。在院落的四角，有四块小的太湖石，象征一年四季，称“四季石”，是从圆明园移来的。这四块太湖石加上寿星石合称“峰虚五老”，象征庐山五老峰，寓意长寿。在院落中央，有一只铜麒麟。麒麟是我国古代传说中的吉祥神兽，有避邪和分辨善恶的本领。它的造型十分奇特，为龙头、鹿角、牛蹄、狮尾，故又俗称“四不像”。这只麒麟原置于长春园内，原为一对，一只被英法联军掠走，至今下落不明。

”大家好，我叫，你们叫我小张就可以了，今天就由我来带领大家共同游览这个清代的皇家园林——颐和园。希望我的讲解能够令各位满意，让我们共同度过这一美好的时光。”

“现在，我们来到了颐和园的大门，你们可以看到许多精美的图案。接着，让我们绕过大殿，现在，我们的所在位置是有名的长廊，柱子是绿色的，栏杆则是红色的，一眼望不到头，这条长廊有700多米长，分成了273间，大家想一想，要建出这么长的长廊，多不容易啊!”

“现在，请大家抬头望，这些横槛上面都画有五彩的画，画这人物、花草、风景，这几千幅画中，没有哪两幅是一样的，既然讲到这儿了，那我就给大家讲一讲这其中的故事吧!”

“从前，乾隆皇帝的母亲喜欢听故事，经常一边在长廊中游览，一边让宫女给她讲各式各样的故事听。有些她特别喜欢的故事，就让宫女们反复地讲。时间一长，宫女们肚子里的故事讲完了，以前讲过的故事也记不清了，这可难坏了宫女们。后来，她们请来了一些人，那些人在横槛上画上了许多的画，从此，宫女们再也不愁没有故事给太后讲了。因为，宫女们看着横槛上的画，就可以想到一些有趣的故事讲给乾隆皇帝的母亲听。”

“我们游完了长廊，就到了万寿山的脚下，现在呢，我请你们抬头看一看，一座八角宝塔!它那黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，大家知道那是哪儿吗?告诉你们吧!那呀，就是佛香阁。下面的那一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。”

“接下来，就让我们登上万寿山吧!现在，我们已经到了万寿山的顶部，让我们往万寿山下望，大家看，那是什么?对了，你们真聪明，那就是昆明湖，大家看，昆明湖很静，静的像一面镜子，昆明湖很绿，绿的像一块碧玉。游船，画舫经常会在湖面上慢慢的滑过，几乎不留一丁点儿痕迹。”

“现在，我们下山吧!我要带大家去我们的最后一个景点——十七孔桥，他为什么要叫做十七孔桥呢?我想大家应该都知道了吧?细心的小朋友们一定会发现，这座桥的下面有十七个孔，所以，就成为十七孔桥。大家再看，十七孔桥上还有很多个柱子，每根柱子上面都画着有小狮子，都做着不同的姿势，没有哪两只狮子的姿势是一样的，大家想想看，这也是多么不容易的啊!

“亲爱的游客，本次的游览到此结束，希望大家以后还能看颐和园看看美景，也希望我能再次带大家游览整个颐和园。拜拜!”

颐和园，位于山水清幽、景色秀丽的北京西北郊，原名清漪园，始建于公元 1750 年，时值中国最后一个封建盛世 ------" 康乾盛世 " 时期; 1860 年的第二次战争中，清漪园被英法联军烧毁; 1886 年，清政府挪用海军军费等款项重修，并于两年后改名颐和园，作为慈禧太后晚年的颐养之地。从此，颐和园成为晚清最高统治者在紫禁城之外最重要的政治和外交活动中心，是中国近代历史的重要见证与诸多重大历史事件的发生地。 1898 年，光绪帝曾在颐和园仁寿殿接见维新思想家康有为，询问变法事宜;变法失败后，光绪被长期幽禁在园中的玉澜堂; 1900 年，八国联军侵入北京，颐和园再遭洗劫， 1902 年清政府又予重修;清朝末年，颐和园成为中国最高统治者的主要居住地，慈禧和光绪在这里坐朝听政、颁发谕旨、接见外宾……。

1924 年，颐和园辟为对外开放公园。颐和园是中国近代历史的重要见证!

颐和园集传统造园艺术之大成，借景周围的山水环境，饱含中国皇家园林的恢弘富丽气势，又充满自然之趣，高度体现了 " 虽由人作，宛自天开 " 的造园准则。万寿山、昆明湖构成其基本框架，占地 2.97 平方公里，水面约占四分之三，园中有点景建筑物百余座、大小院落 20 余处， 3000 余间古建筑，面积 70000 多平方米，古树名木 1600 余株。其中佛香阁、长廊、石舫、苏州街、十七孔桥、谐趣园、大戏台等都已成为家喻户晓的代表性建筑。

园中主要景点大致分为三个区域：以庄重威严的仁寿殿为代表的政治活动区，是清朝末期慈禧与光绪从事内政、外交政治活动的主要场所。以乐寿堂、玉澜堂、宜芸馆等庭院为代表的生活区，是慈禧、光绪及后妃居住的地方。以长廊沿线、后山、西区组成的广大区域，是供帝后们澄怀散志、休闲娱乐的苑园游览区。万寿山南麓的中轴线上，金碧辉煌的佛香阁、排云殿建筑群起自湖岸边的云辉玉宇牌楼，经排云门、二宫门、排云殿、德辉殿、佛香阁，终至山颠的智慧海，重廊复殿，层叠上升，贯穿青琐，气势磅礴。巍峨高耸的佛香阁八面三层，踞山面湖，统领全园。蜿蜒曲折的西堤犹如一条翠绿的飘带，萦带南北，横绝天汉，堤上六桥，婀娜多姿，形态互异。烟波浩淼的昆明湖中，宏大的十七孔桥如长虹偃月倒映水面，涵虚堂、藻鉴堂、治镜阁三座岛屿鼎足而立，寓意着神话传说中的 " 海上仙山 " 。阅看耕织图画柔桑拂面，豳风如画，乾隆皇帝曾在此阅看耕织活画，极具水乡村野情趣。与前湖一水相通的苏州街，酒幌临风，店肆熙攘，仿佛置身于二百多年前的皇家买卖街，谐趣园则曲水复廊，足谐其趣。在昆明湖湖畔岸边，还有着名的石舫，惟妙惟肖的铜牛，赏春观景的知春亭等点景建筑。

多年以来，颐和园管理处以 " 文化建园 " 为宗旨，用 " 一种精神五种意识六个一流 " 的企业文化统领职工，深入挖掘文化内涵，大力推进颐和园的保护、管理和研究工作，以借景环境、山形水系、文物古建、植被景观为颐和园的核心保护内容，建立了完整的颐和园保护管理体系。特别是改革开放以来，颐和园加快了建设和保护的步伐，先后投入巨资恢复了四大部洲、苏州街、景明楼、澹宁堂、耕织图等景区，积极参与周边环境改造，延续颐和园的历史人文环境，恢复了文化遗产的完整性和原真性，建设了国内园林系统内最先进的文昌院博物馆。

亲爱的游客们，大家好。先自我介绍一下，我叫王心雨，是颐和园旅行社的导游，我将和大家度过一段精彩的旅程，谢谢大家给我机会，我一定会努力给大家服务，让大家在颐和园玩得愉快。请大家多多关照。

下面我先介绍一下颐和园。颐和园在首都北京，里面有很多景物，比如长廊、万寿山、昆明湖等景点。下面我先介绍长廊吧!

长廊的特点就是美和长，总共有700多米，分成273间，而且每一间的墙上都画着五彩画。上面的人物、花草、风景各有特点，几千幅画里没有哪两幅是相同的。游客们，你们发现了吗?站在长廊上，享受着从昆明上吹来的清风，人们顿时神清气爽。你，感受到了吗?

游客们，我们已经游览了长廊，前面就是万寿山了。站在万寿山上，颐和园的景色我们可以看得清清楚楚。在茂盛的树丛里，我们可以看见红的、绿的琉璃瓦在屋顶上闪闪发光，也可以看见朱红的墙壁。正前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。你们看，我说得对吗?

游客们，我们又游览完了一个地方，下面我们开始游览昆明湖吧!昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上还有好几座式样不同的石桥。湖中心有个小岛，只要你们走过长长的石桥，就可以到小岛上玩，小岛上非常好玩哦。

游客们，今天的游览到此结束，希望下次你还能到颐和园来玩。

“不到长城非好汉，不去颐和真遗憾!”北京颐和园是清朝时期的皇家园林。风景秀丽的她，向世人展示中国皇家园林的美。

这时的颐和园正值夏季，到处荷花盛开，山光水色，交相辉映，真是美丽极了。合欢树、太白花、梧桐、玉兰、紫薇、牡丹、芍药、千年古树……颐和园中的植物种类数不胜数，这些花草树木形态各异、颜色不一，衬托着富丽堂皇的宫室，美轮美奂。

我们走上一条五彩的花石子路，初看，路上碎石凌乱不堪，五花八门，可细细研究，却大有意趣。五彩的石子组成了各种图案，有花草;有人物;有宫室;有器具，真是美丽动人。顺着小路一直往前走，就来到了/闻名于世的长廊。长廊东起邀月门，西到石丈亭。据说，这是慈禧太后为了观看昆明湖的景色而建造的。我怀着好奇的心情踏上长廊。长廊很长，一眼望不到头，长廊的顶上有二百七十三个五颜六色的间隔，每个间隔里都画着五彩的画。上万幅画，没有两幅是相同的，彩绘中的人物栩栩如生，花草树木惟妙惟肖。

走完了长廊，就来到了万寿山下。正前方是赫赫有名的昆明湖。昆明湖静的很，犹如一块翡翠。小船从上面轻轻滑过，留下一道道浅浅的水痕，仿佛一块翡翠上划了一条碧痕。

天渐渐暗了下来，我很不情愿地走出了颐和园。颐和园有山有水，有亭台楼阁，真不愧为皇家园林!

各位亲爱的朋友：

欢迎大家来到这个美丽的公园——颐和园!

颐和园被列为《世界遗产名录》那肯定是很美丽，快跟我细细的观赏吧!

我们现在已经来到了颐和园有名的长廊，大家看看这绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，是不是很美丽呢?这一条长廊有七百多米长，分成273间，每一间屋子横栏上都画着人物，花草树木，这么多的话没有哪两幅是相同的，这是不是很神奇呢?请大家仔细观赏一下我们劳动古代人民的画技，是不是很高超呢?

各位游客，我们现在已经走完长廊，唠叨万寿山脚下了。请各位抬头看一看这座八角宝塔型的三层建筑峰，是不是很雄伟?没错这就是佛香阁，大家再看一看那边金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。

我们现在已经登上了万寿山，我们站在佛香阁前面向下望一望，可以望见颐和园大半景色，大家看看这葱郁的树木，再看看这红色的琉璃瓦屋顶，和朱红的宫墙是不是很美丽呢?请大家再看前面，昆明湖静的像一面镜子，绿的像一块碧玉，仿佛自己在仙境中一样，大家再看看下面的游船、画舫，它们在湖面慢慢的划过，它们划过的地方几乎没有一点痕迹，这简直太神奇了，各位朋友，往远处望去，我们还可以看见古老的城楼和城里的白塔，请大家细细观赏。

各位朋友，我们现在从万寿山上下来啦!现在你们看到的是昆明湖，昆明湖包围着长长的堤岸，堤上还有好几座各式各样的桥，两边还载着无数条重柳，大家请仔细看一看，我们从这座石桥上经过，就可以到小岛上玩，请大家跟我来，这座桥有十七个很大的桥洞，叫十七孔桥。栏杆上有十几根是猪，不信，请大家数一数，石柱上还有很多小石狮子，这么多的狮子，没有哪两只是相同的!

今天，我们观赏到这里就要结束了，很高兴为大家服务，希望下次还继续为大家讲述!

尊敬的各位游客：

今天我们来参观颐和园。颐和园是清代的皇家园林和行宫，已被列入《世界文化遗产名录》，请大家在游览时不要乱扔垃圾，破坏颐和园的环境。因为颐和园游客较多，请大家不要单独行动以防走失。

我们首先来参观颐和园的长廊。这条长廊是中国古典园林中最长的一条。它位于万寿山南坡与昆明湖之间的狭长地带，它全长723米，分273间，每一间的横栏上都绘有彩画，共有14000余幅，没有任何两幅是相同的。有人会想，那么多画，它是怎么来的呢?这里面还有一个小故事，我来给大家讲一讲。有一年，乾隆和他的母亲来游赏颐和园，因为乾隆的母亲喜欢听故事，在游览颐和园长廊时一边游览，一边让宫女给她讲故事，宫女们怕忘了故事的内容，宫女们就把内容画在横栏上，提示自己，所有才有了今天横栏上的彩画。

我们现在在万寿山的脚下。大家向上看，那座八角宝塔形的三层建筑物就是佛香阁。佛香阁高41米，修筑在20米高的地基上，内有八根坚固的铁梨森巨柱支撑，结构复杂，气势磅礴。下面一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。

现在，我们来到了东岸，向远处看，那里有个小岛，小岛的名字叫南湖岛，连接它们的正是举世闻名的十七孔桥。十七孔桥建于公元1736年，桥由17个孔券组成，所以叫十七孔桥。十七孔桥桥长150米，横跨东岸和南湖岛，状若长虹卧波。桥上的石雕极其精美，每个桥栏上都雕有神态各异的狮子，大小共544个，这些狮子没有哪两只是相同的，不亚于卢沟桥的狮子。

颐和园的美丽景色说也说不完，希望大家有机会细细游赏。

评语:语言生动、表述清楚 ◆导游的引导词设计精当，真正起到了引领参观的作用。 再加上丰富翔实的资料，使人有身临其境的感觉尤其是最后一段，更突显了导游的身份和作用。

Everybody is good! I am the guide from you, we are going to visit in Beijing for three days, today we are going to visit the Summer Palace of the famous.

Now, we have come to the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace was built in 1750, by British and French troops burned down in 1860. In 1886 and have been restored. In 1900, the Summer Palace and was severely damaged, the eight in 1902 to repair again. Determine the Summer Palace in 1961, the state council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In 1998, the Summer Palace was the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization included in the "world heritage list".

Let me take you to go to corridor. We look ahead, this is the long corridor, its architecture is very beautiful, and very long, as the eye is not an end, he has more than seven hundred meters long, divided into 273 pieces, everyone looked up, this is the transverse sill, it has a colorful picture, painted figures, flowers and plants, landscape, there are thousands of pictures it, but in no two are the same in these pictures, do not believe we can have a look. You notice? Are the flowers and trees on both sides of the lang is also very beautiful, here is full of the flower of life from January to December, each season has different flowers. Now we have covered corridor, came to the foot of the longevity hill, everyone looked up, three layer architecture is the anise pyramid, buddhist incense most of his use of glazed tile construction, it will shine under the sun. This is a row of resplendent and magnificent palace, row cloud temple. Here we come to the buddhist incense to play. Everyone stood looking down on it, is there a lake? This makes the kunming lake. Now the surface we see kunming lake on the mountain. Kunming lake around long bank, there are several styles of different stone bridge on the bank. Lake there is a small island, planted with trees. We have 17 through the hole in the stone bridge, can go to the island to play. Because there are seventeen holes in this stone, so called the marble seventeen-arch bridge which, on the bridge are hundreds of pillars, pillars are carved with small stones, and these lions have different attitude, no two are just the same.

Ok, here you free activities for half an hour, but dont go away, dont get close to kunming lake.

各位游客大家好，我是旅行社的导游员，我姓*，今天就有我来带领大家共同游览这个清代的皇家园林——颐和园。希望我的讲解能够令各位满意，是我们共同度过这一美好的时光。

请大家随着我走。现在，我手指的这个是著名的长廊。这个长廊可不一般。它全长700多米，分成273间。大家可以看到，每间的横槛上都有许多五彩图画，画得各式各样，有人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。难怪被称为“世界第一廊”。

大家往前看，这就是碧波荡漾的昆明湖。这片湖静得像一面镜子。游船经常从这里经过，大家可以听到船上游人们的欢歌笑语。

在昆明湖的上面，就是闻名遐迩的万寿山。站在这里，我们可以看到颐和园的全部风景。站在这里看，整个颐和园真可谓是无比壮观。郁郁葱葱的树丛掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。

一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，这就是古香古色的佛香阁。

大家快随我看看这美丽的石桥吧!这座石桥有17个桥洞，叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着姿态不一的活灵活现的小狮子。

这座在历史上为帝王建造的古典园林，现已成为中国最著名的旅游参观热点之一，每年接待游客数百万人。1986年，颐和园被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

各位游客你们好!我叫陈俊，你们可以叫我陈导，今天是我第一次当导游，请大家多多指教!

现在，我们所在位置是北京的颐和园，颐和园是我国现存规模最大，保存最完整的公园之一，被誉为皇家园林博物馆。今天我们参观的第一个景点是长廊，请大家跟着我走。

长廊全长700多米，有273间。它呀，不仅是中国园林中最长的游廊，还在1992年被认定为世界上最长的.长廊，因此它还被列入“吉尼斯世界纪录”呢!大家请看，每一间的横槛上都画着五彩的画，这些画有山水风景、花鸟鱼虫、人物典故等。大家知道吗?这些画中的人物都取材于中国古典名著哦。

接下来，我们要登万寿山了，在万寿山上我们可以一饱颐和园的大半风光。你们看，那有一排闪闪发光的琉璃瓦屋顶的三层建筑，这就是著名的佛香阁。佛香阁高40多米，阁内有8根巨大的铁梨木擎天柱，是古典建筑的精品。佛香阁下面有一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，那就是排云殿。这里是慈禧在园内居住和过生日时接受朝拜的地方。

接下来，请大家跟我走，一起去欣赏昆明湖和湖上的十七孔桥吧。

昆明湖是清代皇家园林中最大的湖泊，十七孔桥横跨湖上。十七孔桥长150米，由十七个桥洞组成。石桥两边的栏杆上雕着500多只小狮子，这么多的狮子竟没有哪两只是相同的哪。大家是不是为古代的能工巧匠感到敬佩呢?那就不妨赶快拍照留念吧。

到此，我们的游览活动就要结束了，请各位游客一定要爱护我们的名胜古迹哦。

“党要管党、从严治党，靠什么管，凭什么治?就要靠严明纪律。”这是回顾历史的深刻总结，更是开创未来的有力保证。

进入全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段，作为一个有着8700多万党员的执政大党，管党治党的任务更加繁重。“要把纪律建设摆在更加突出位置，坚持纪严于法、纪在法前，健全完善制度，深入开展纪律教育，狠抓执纪监督，养成纪律自觉，用纪律管住全体党员。”在xx届中央纪委六次全会重要讲话中，进一步强调纪律对于管党治党的关键作用，指明了纪律建设的着力方向，为全面从严治党提供了重要遵循。

“纪纲一废，何事不生?”纪律不严，从严治党就无从谈起。党的以来，党中央把加强纪律建设作为全面从严治党的治本之策，言出纪随，寸步不让。从围绕作风建设不断立规建制、执纪问责，到修订廉洁自律准则、纪律处分条例，明确“六大纪律”，再到提出监督执纪“四种形态”……正是因为把党的纪律和规矩挺在前面，使纪律成为带电的高压线，全面从严治党才能不断推进。新形势下，把党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争继续引向深入，更加要求我们用铁的纪律、以刚性执行不断筑牢拒腐防变防线，激发纪律建设的正能量。

反腐倡廉，需要绷紧自律的弦，更要筑牢纪律的堤。3年来，党中央用铁的纪律整治各种面上的顶风违纪行为，一批党员干部因违规违纪受到处分，也有一些人感到不自在、不舒服。究其根源，是忘记了自己的党员身份，放松了应有的纪律要求。破法自破纪始。许多反面案例警示我们，纪律有了裂纹，行为就会出现管涌，最终导致溃坝。加强纪律建设，就要严格执纪、抓早抓小，就要强化党的意识、加强党性修养。坚持高标准和守底线相结合，既注重规范惩戒、严明纪律底线，更引导人向善向上，坚守共产党人的精神追求，筑牢拒腐防变思想道德防线。

纪律是硬约束，守纪是硬任务。严明党的纪律和规矩，首要的就是严明政治纪律。纲举而目张，政治纪律是打头、管总的，抓住遵守政治纪律和政治规矩这个纲，纪律建设才会扎实推进。各级干部特别是领导干部要善于从政治上看问题，增强看齐意识，增强政治警觉性和政治鉴别力，站稳立场、把准方向，始终忠诚于党，始终牢记政治责任，始终与党中央保持高度一致，才能保持政治本色，做政治的明白人。

加强纪律建设，抓住领导干部这个“关键少数”是关键。以身教者从，以言教者讼。守纪律、讲规矩，首先要从领导干部做起。职位越高，要求必然越高。领导干部手握权力、肩负重任，就必须落实“三严三实”要求，始终保持“如临深渊、如履薄冰”的履职状态，就必须把家风建设摆在重要位置，做到廉洁修身、廉洁齐家。“从官重公慎，立身贵廉明”。领导干部立身正、讲原则、守纪律，本身就是一种教育和导向，就能形成一级带一级、一级抓一级的示范效应，营造遵规守纪、风清气正的良好氛围，不断增强党的凝聚力、战斗力。

从“加强纪律性，革命无不胜”的著名论断，到“一靠理想，二靠纪律”的深刻总结，再到全面从严治党的新实践，铁的纪律早已融入我们党的政治基因。迈向新征程，以严明纪律激浊扬清、管党治党，必将使党更加充满生机活力，引领中华号巨轮驶向民族复兴的梦想彼岸。

各位游客，你们好，今天我们要游览的是闻名天下的颐和园，希望通过我的介绍，大家能满载而归，因为旅游不仅是享受，还是一次学习，现在我们出发，希望大家珍惜保护这里的环境。

首先我们来到了长廊，这条长廊很有名，请仔细观赏，看!绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。横槛上还有五彩的画。长廊共有728米，分成273间，一共有14000多幅画，是世界上最长的画廊。关于其中一幅画，还有一个动人的故事：刘备，诸葛亮，在新野大败后，移驻樊城。曹操为了报仇，亲率大军杀奔樊城。诸葛亮料定抵挡不住，便劝刘备放弃樊城，渡过汉江退住襄阳，城中百姓宁死相随刘备，于是关羽安排船只，疏导百姓渡江，百姓扶老携幼，号泣而行，刘备见此情景，心中十分悲痛。刘备到了南岸，见江北岸还有许多百姓，急令关羽催船，速去渡百姓过江，直到百姓快渡完了，才上马离去。携民渡江使刘备爱民的名声大振。下面我们就去佛香阁参观一下，佛香阁是颐和园的主体建筑，也是设计非常成功的，原来设计是一个塔，后来改为阁。接下来我们来参观一下石舫。唐太宗曾说过皇帝如船，百姓如水，水可载舟，亦可覆舟。这里修石舫，表达了封建帝王希望江山永固的愿望。看完石舫，我们又来到戏楼，这座戏楼专为慈禧太后六十大寿而建，公元1891——1895年修建，历时4年，花费了71万两银子建成的，整个戏楼结构复杂，设计巧妙，建筑宏伟，堪称戏楼一绝，是我国现存历史最久、规模最大的戏楼。颐和园的昆明湖也很美，水面占颐和园的四分之三，水面如镜，水碧如玉，十分美丽。

今天的介绍结束了，希望您再细细游赏，因为美丽的颐和园景物奇多，我说也说不尽，大家看也看不完。下面如果您有兴趣，就可以自由观赏了，但要保护颐和园的环境，谢谢大家!

往往有一些人“动歪脑筋、搞小动作、耍小聪明”等不正之术的易发期，也是一些人“跑官要官、买官卖官、拉票贿选”等不正之风的高发期。

试问，如何才能筑牢换届纪律防线，确保换届环境风清气正?笔者认为，突出 “四个坚持”至关重要。

德才兼备选人。德才兼备事关党的科学发展步伐。因此，各级组织人事部门的干部要强化工作责任，坚持德才兼备，以德为先的工作原则;广泛争取干部群众参与，能公开的信息要最大限度地公开，做到公平公正，从而提高选人用人公的信度;自觉抵制歪风邪气，坚决杜绝“买”、“跑”、“送”;“卖”、“滴”、“漏”等不良现象的发生，真正做到“不让老实人吃亏，不让投机钻营者得利”，始终坚持德才兼备选人标准。

公道正派用人。公道正派事关党的事业形象好坏。因此各级领导干部要以党和国家利益为重，看大局，带头“讲党性、重品行、作表率”;认真贯彻落实干部选拔任用“四项监督制度”的精神实质;坚决杜绝“受意用官”、“超职配官”，“设限圈官”、“卖官送官”等有失公平、有损形象、危及前程的行为;强化自我监督意识，始终坚持公道正派用人原则。

如实大胆监督。如实大胆事关党的民主程度强弱。因此，广大党员干部群众一方面自己要做到不跑不送、不找人说情，更不能干那些“拉票推官”、“造假骗官”、“害命夺官”、“跑官要官”的勾当;另一方面，要睁大眼睛，对用人选人上的不正之风敢于揭露，大胆如实反映问题;积极举报违纪行为，从而形成监督正确选人用人的良好社会氛围，始终坚持如实大胆监督制度。

铁面无私执纪。铁面无私事关党的执政水平高低。因此，各级纪检监察干部要认真履行职责，敢与情面作斗争;按照“党的忠诚卫士，群众贴心人”的要求和“四项制度”有关规定，参与选人用人的全过程，尽心竭力做好监督，不留死角;严格秉公执法执纪，对违纪干部要坚决查处，绝不姑息、迁就，始终坚持铁面无私执纪要求。

换届工作任重道远，选举任务艰巨光荣。筑牢换届纪律防线，确保换届环境风清气正是中央对换届工作提出的具体要求。因此，各级党委一定要突出上述“四个坚持”，把正风肃纪贯穿换届全过程，加强党性党纪教育，严格监督检查，以最坚决的态度落实中央换届纪律规定，营造风清气正的换届环境!