颐和园乐寿堂内部格局图汇总20篇

出租人：(以下简称甲方) ________ 签订地点：__________________

承租人：(以下简称乙方)________________ 签订时间：_____年____月___日

第一条、租赁房屋坐落在、建筑面积 、房屋质量 。

第二条、租赁期限从 年 月_____日起至 年 月____日止。

(提示：租赁期限不得超过二十年，超过二十年的，超过部分无效)

第三条、租金:每年租金元 (大写)。

第四条、租金的支付期限与方式： 第五条、承租人负责支付出租房屋的水费、电费、煤气费、电话费、光缆电视收视费、卫生费和物业管理费等。

第六条、租赁房屋的用途:

第七条、租赁房屋的维修：

出租人维修的范围、时间及费用负担：

承租人维修的范围、时间及费用负担：

第八条、出租人(是/否)允许承租人对租赁房屋进行装修或改善增设他物。装修、改善增设他物的范围是：租赁合同期满，租赁房屋的装修、改善增设他物的处理：

第九条、出租人(是/否)允许承租人转租租赁房屋。

第十条、定金(大写) 元。承租人在 前交给出租人。

第十一条、合同的解除条件:

有下列情形之一，甲方有权解除本合同:

1、承租人不交付或不按约定支付租金达个月以上的;

2、承租人所欠缴各项费用达元以上的。

3、未经出租人同意及有关部门批准，承租人擅自改变出租房用途的;

4、承租人违反本合同约定，不承担维修责任，致使房屋或设备、设施严重损坏的;

5、未经出租人同意，承租人将出租房屋进行装修的。;

6、未经出租人同意，承租人将出租房屋转租给第三人;;

7、承租人在出租屋进行违法活动的;

有下列情形之一，承租人有权解除本合同：

1、出租人迟延交付出租房屋个月以上;

2、出租人违反本合同约定，不承担维修责任，使承租人无法继续使用出租房屋。

第十二条、房屋租赁合同期满，承租人返还房屋的时间是：

第十三条、违约责任：

出租人未按时或未按要求维修出租房屋造成承租人人身受到伤害或财物毁损的，负责赔偿损失。承租人逾期交付租金的，除应及时如数补交外，还应支付滞纳金。承租人违反合同，擅自将出租房屋转租第三人使用的，因此造成出租房屋毁坏的，应负损害赔偿责任。

第十四条、合同争议的解决方式:本合同在履行过程中发生争议，由双方当事人协商解决也可由有关部门调解协商或调解不成的，按下列第 种方式解决。

(一) 提交合同签订地仲裁委员会仲裁。

(二) 依法向人民法院起诉。

第十五条、其他约定事项：

甲方(公章)：_________ 乙方(公章)：_________

法定代表人(签字)：_________ 法定代表人(签字)：_________

_________年____月____日 _________年____月____日

2019格局定荣枯心得体会范文【精选】

摘要：有人因为眼光，因为格局，五年十年，走出了不同人生之路，不同人生结局。下面最新的是格局定荣枯心得体会范文全文，欢迎阅读!

格局定荣枯心得体会(1)

一个普通的小公务员，在不小心犯下一次小得不能再小的错误后，竟因过度地烦恼和恐惧而去世了!而他死的原因实在可笑：在他一次去剧院看戏中，不小心打了一个大喷嚏，结果溅了他的上司──一个三品大员一脸。小公务员见状，担心自己因为得罪了上司而毁了自己的前途，造成许许多多的麻烦，便连连向上司道歉，直到上司不耐烦地命令他停止为止。回到家后，小公务员怕上司还生他的气，便又亲自登门道歉。结果反复的道歉使上司终于忍无可忍，便把他赶出大门。可小公务员仍觉得不妥，又一次登门道歉。但这次，上司却气急败坏地对他吼道：“滚出去!”小公务员一听，心想：“唉!这下完了，得罪人得罪到头了……”回到家后，便一头栽倒在床上，怀着无限的烦恼与恐惧死了……

说实话，这个故事不免使人发笑，但令人发笑的同时，却又蕴含着一个可悲的现实。这其实应了我们中国的一句古话：君子坦荡荡，小人常戚戚。仅仅是因为一个喷嚏，就制造出了这么多个烦恼。他烦恼的是什么?是怕得罪了上司而前途被毁。况且，他的道歉是真心话吗?不，他的道歉只是阿谀奉承。倘若换成一个老百姓，当他的喷嚏溅到他身上，他会道歉吗?他会因此而烦恼吗?不会。那又是谁把这样一个健康的人害死了呢?是他的上司吗?不，是他的自寻烦恼的小人心理和他的阿谀奉承害死了他!

其实，在我们的生活中，有时也会有一些烦恼，诸如：被人欺负啦、被老师批评啦、自己有些事没有做好啦……等等，这些事都会使我们烦恼，但如果一直为此烦恼下去，又会怎么样呢?只会终日闷闷不乐，哪有快乐可言?

我曾有一次因为同桌故意洒了我一桌子水而烦恼了整整一节课，当然这节课老师讲的什么，我也就左耳朵进右耳朵出了。现在回想起来，自己真的太傻了，那又有什么大不了的?擦一擦不就好了吗?原来我也是在自寻烦恼呀!

烦恼，是大家最不喜欢却又最容易招来的一个字眼，我们不用刻意地去寻找它，也不用刻意去逃避它。那些常戚戚的小人，整天忧心忡忡，他能活得轻松快乐吗?因此，我奉劝大家都来做心胸宽广之人，我相信：只要我们每个人都豁达大度一点，那我们的世界，不就自然成了一个只有快乐，没有烦恼的美丽天堂了吗?

格局定荣枯心得体会(2)

一个人的思想决定他人生的路有多宽，能走多远。当马云在推销他的网络梦想很多人笑他疯子的时候，又有多少人能够看到他现在的格局。当盖茨推销个人电脑平台的时候，又有多少看到他的未来…….

很多人，忙忙碌碌的上班工作，他们没有人生格局，他们想的是把家经营的更好，让自己过得舒坦，过得安心。但是他们安于现状以至于无法发现商机，即使发现，他们也不会放下安稳的环境去把握机会，寻找更大的发展空间。这种人每天享受着小日子，放弃了的梦想。

老天是公平的，每个人每一天都是二十四小时，工作八小时，休息八小时，人的发展就是剩余八小时。有的人在剩余八小时追求自己，有的人挥霍自己，因为眼光，因为格局，五年十年，走出了不同人生之路，不同人生结局。

有的人通过帮助别人获得了人脉，通过人脉又获得了财富。就像论坛上用心回贴，跟贴，收获的不是简简单单别人对你的好评，别人对您的肯定也是对您产品的肯定，从而达到对您的事业的肯定。当我们把自己视野放开，格局打开的时候，我们的路走得会更轻松。

有的人有自己的梦想，通过改天自己去实现。他也上班，也工作，但是在工作的同时，他也在和自己的团队创业。创业者是具有创造力的，他的格局有多大，决定了他目标有多远。可能他无法通过现有的平台实现梦想，但是他和伙伴去创造他，他们具备睿智，他们具备责任，具备放弃一些东西的决心，他们不断的思考明天怎么走，明年怎么做，十年后怎么运转……他们具备前瞻性的眼光，而又不被现实的困局所迷惑。他们拼搏，不为今天的得失，他们规划自己，只为明天的梦想，即使今天失败，明天他们依然站立，继续前行。

今天跪着活，只为了剩下成为最后一个，明天依然站立，不丢人。

他们有自己人生格局，他们能赢得属于自己的七彩天空。

今天做什么不重要，重要的是明天想要什么。每天为目标前进一点点。格局，未来，会因为今天而改变

格局定荣枯心得体会(3)

契诃夫就为我们讲述了这样一个故事： 一个小公务员在剧院里打喷嚏时一个不小心将唾沫溅到了坐在前排的将军级文官身上。小公务员惟恐大官人会将此举视为自己的冒犯而一而再再而三地道歉，弄得那位大官人由哭笑不得到最后真的大发雷霆;而执着地申诉自己毫无冒犯之心、实属清白无过的小公务员，在遭遇大官人的不耐烦与呵斥后，回到家竟一命呜呼。

这篇故事题目叫《小公务员之死》，小公务员为什么会死?他真的丧命于自己的这个喷嚏吗? 不是。其实他是死于压力，死于自己对达官贵人的恐惧。他一心想以道歉申诉去排遣内心恐惧，尽管那大官是“别的部门的”，小公务员还是因为大官人：一句中肯的话也没说而“丧魂失魄、怕恐不安”，最后死了。

看完故事后，我们也许会嘲笑那位小公务员的迂腐、胆小、杞人忧天，但是这些却折射出它背后的东西：当时的官僚化等级制度已经如此“深入人心”，作为一个最底层的小公务员，他只能处处小心，出于对大官的恐惧和对自己前途的担忧，他只能一遍遍地道歉，这是一种当时底层小市民的卑俗的变态心理，而这种变态心理这是当时黑暗的沙皇专制统治造成的，我们可以从小说中看出这种恐怖制度已经把人性扭曲到了如此的地步，而契诃夫对这种社会现实非常不满，所以他写了这篇小说以及其他许多的作品来讽刺社会，讽刺现实，讽刺黑暗的专制制度。

与《小公务员之死》类似的还有一篇小说，《胖子和瘦子》。写的是两个中学同班同学在火车站相遇，瘦子是个八品文官，业余还做烟盒挣钱，而当胖子说了自己已经是个三品文官后，瘦子，连同瘦子那原本对胖子爱搭不理的妻子和儿子，立马对胖子换了副面孔，变得开始阿谀奉承，低三下四。胖子则对这种官场做派感到厌恶，不久便走了。而最后瘦子却“一家三口都感到又惊又喜。”

这同样是一篇讽刺官僚的作品，从瘦子，包括瘦子的儿子，前后对胖子的态度的转变之大可以看出当时官僚的丑恶灵魂和卑秽心理，其实就是在小公务员身上也体现出的、在当时底层社会非常普遍的一种奴性心理。契诃夫十分反感这种奴性心理，他说过：“在人群面前应该意识到自己的尊严”,人应该“把自己身上的奴性一滴一滴挤出去”。对奴性的讽刺也成为了他许多作品的主基调。

契诃夫的小说读起来是幽默的。比如《小公务员之死》的结尾：

“切尔维亚科夫感到肚子里什么东西碎了。什么也看不见，什么也听不着，他一步一步退到门口。他来到街上，步履艰难地走······他懵懵懂懂地回到家里，没脱制服，就倒在长沙发上，后来就······死了。”

这个结局离谱得令人发笑，但确实笑不出来。因为契诃夫的小说虽然是幽默的，但他的幽默中暗含着讽刺，他的幽默是带着淡淡的苦味的

他的小说，总描写最平凡的事情，着眼于平凡的普通人的日常生活，但他能在平淡无奇的情节中，挖掘出深刻的思想内涵来。他的情节极其精炼，人物集中鲜明，叙述从不拖泥带水，“内容比文字多得多”是契诃夫的又一大特色，他主张“用刀子把一切多余的东西都剔掉。”往往一个简单情节，一个人物，契诃夫就能让他们爆发出巨大的能量，让他们久久萦绕你的心灵。

从小公务员之死的背后，到契诃夫这个人的背后，还有很多很多，让我们走近契诃夫吧。

格局定荣枯心得体会(4)

契诃夫的经典短篇《小公务员之死》，讲述一名小公务员打喷嚏不慎把唾沫溅到将军身上，竟为自己的无心之失一再道歉，终于惹烦了本来并不在意的将军，被呵斥后吓得一命呜呼。揆诸现实，一些机关里，日日思虑、斤斤计较、左右逢源的“小公务员”不算少。要而论之，大抵欠“格局”二字。

格局，乃人生的眼界与气魄。王国维先生说，词以境界为最上。为文、为人，持家、从政，皆同此理。率众南征，七擒七纵，是格局。指点江山，激扬文字，粪土当年万户侯，是格局。英雄一世，坎坷一生，坦言“一辈子没有整过人”，亦是大格局。“谋大事者首重格局”，我们共产党人干事创业、律己用权，要的正是忘怀得与失、不计功与名的党性修为。

“审格局，决一世之荣枯。”名利场里，难免会有几个内心阴暗、私欲膨胀之徒，每日捧着“官场厚黑学”、琢磨着“纸牌屋”，在上司面前谄媚，在同僚之间挑唆，在下属身上耍横，为些小微利恨不得拼上身家性命，一辈子光阴消耗在无谓的内斗上。殊不知，崇尚权术、周旋诡道的跷跷板上从来不会有什么赢家，两面三刀的结局只能是“一种灰色吃掉另一种灰色”，彼此倾轧得血肉模糊、伤痕累累。正所谓“格局决定结局，态度决定高度”。古今观照，前有车，后有辙，每一位领导干部面对纷繁世象，都必须时时警醒，坚守政治规矩的底线。

人生如棋，对弈之道的要害在战略，于领导干部而言，在于思考奋斗的价值与意义，去践行为官一任造福一方的承诺。燕雀岂知鸿鹄志，凤凰终惜羽毛伤。只盯着树皮虫子的鸟儿飞不到白云之上，心中装满天地山河的雄鹰才能自由翱翔。人生这盘棋，首先要学的不是尔虞我诈的小技巧，而是天下为公的大布局。

计利当计天下利，求名应求万世名。个体恩怨，小团体的名缰利锁，在党和人民的事业面前，多么渺小。背地里咬咬耳朵，传传谣言，下个绊子，多年以后回想起来，多么可笑又可叹。扪心自问，戚戚于贫贱，汲汲于富贵，徒耗光阴。《孙子兵法》有云：“军有所不击，城有所不攻，地有所不争。”改作风，破积弊，除官场庸俗习气，就是要集中精力为民而“击”、为民而“攻”、为民而“争”，此乃大丈夫顶天立地之所为。

宇宙浩淼，苍穹广袤，个人的丁点私欲，在时代的洪流中只会被荡涤无痕。一个人的格局开阔了，脚下的道路自然宽广许多;一个企业的格局开阔了，商海的沉浮定会从容而不迫;一个国家的格局开阔了，终将以博大的胸襟、豪迈的气魄自立于世界民族之林。

习近平指出“如果管党不力、治党不严，纪律松弛、组织涣散，正气上不来、邪气压不住，人民群众反映强烈的党内突出问题得不到及时有效解决，那么我们党迟早会出大问题。”

党的纪律形同一纸空文，党员干部的行为准则不受约束，导致心无政治纪律，理想信念缺失，个别人凌驾于组织纪律之上，漠视财经纪律。纪律成了某些领导干部手里拿着的马列主义的“手电筒”，只照别人不照自己。如此毫无纪律最终将亡党亡国。中央纪委监察部网站公布，至20xx年3月，全国已查处违反中央八项规定精神问题82693起，处理党员干部109047人，给予党纪政纪处分35456人。此数据表明，守纪律面临前所未有的挑战。很多以来查处的腐败案例，暴露出规矩落空、纲纪废弛的普遍问题，家族式腐败、塌方式腐败触目惊心。

党员领导干部要筑牢纪律防线，常修为政之德，常思贪欲之害，常怀律己之心，常弃非分之想，时刻告诫自己手勿伸，伸手必被捉，不管官居何位，只要违反党的纪律，违反中央八项规定都会有关进“笼子”的一天。前车之鉴，后事之师。只有自觉遵守党纪国法，以更高的要求，更严的标准严守党的纪律，不玩忽职守，不追名逐利，不贪污腐败，才不会作茧自缚，误己误家。

党员领导干部要筑牢纪律防线，做守纪律的表率，清除党内浊气，形成敬畏纪律、不越雷池的良好氛围。

“党要管党、从严治党，靠什么管，凭什么治?就要靠严明纪律。”这是回顾历史的深刻总结，更是开创未来的有力保证。

进入全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段，作为一个有着8700多万党员的执政大党，管党治党的任务更加繁重。“要把纪律建设摆在更加突出位置，坚持纪严于法、纪在法前，健全完善制度，深入开展纪律教育，狠抓执纪监督，养成纪律自觉，用纪律管住全体党员。”在xx届中央纪委六次全会重要讲话中，进一步强调纪律对于管党治党的关键作用，指明了纪律建设的着力方向，为全面从严治党提供了重要遵循。

“纪纲一废，何事不生?”纪律不严，从严治党就无从谈起。党的以来，党中央把加强纪律建设作为全面从严治党的治本之策，言出纪随，寸步不让。从围绕作风建设不断立规建制、执纪问责，到修订廉洁自律准则、纪律处分条例，明确“六大纪律”，再到提出监督执纪“四种形态”……正是因为把党的纪律和规矩挺在前面，使纪律成为带电的高压线，全面从严治党才能不断推进。新形势下，把党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争继续引向深入，更加要求我们用铁的纪律、以刚性执行不断筑牢拒腐防变防线，激发纪律建设的正能量。

反腐倡廉，需要绷紧自律的弦，更要筑牢纪律的堤。3年来，党中央用铁的纪律整治各种面上的顶风违纪行为，一批党员干部因违规违纪受到处分，也有一些人感到不自在、不舒服。究其根源，是忘记了自己的党员身份，放松了应有的纪律要求。破法自破纪始。许多反面案例警示我们，纪律有了裂纹，行为就会出现管涌，最终导致溃坝。加强纪律建设，就要严格执纪、抓早抓小，就要强化党的意识、加强党性修养。坚持高标准和守底线相结合，既注重规范惩戒、严明纪律底线，更引导人向善向上，坚守共产党人的精神追求，筑牢拒腐防变思想道德防线。

纪律是硬约束，守纪是硬任务。严明党的纪律和规矩，首要的就是严明政治纪律。纲举而目张，政治纪律是打头、管总的，抓住遵守政治纪律和政治规矩这个纲，纪律建设才会扎实推进。各级干部特别是领导干部要善于从政治上看问题，增强看齐意识，增强政治警觉性和政治鉴别力，站稳立场、把准方向，始终忠诚于党，始终牢记政治责任，始终与党中央保持高度一致，才能保持政治本色，做政治的明白人。

加强纪律建设，抓住领导干部这个“关键少数”是关键。以身教者从，以言教者讼。守纪律、讲规矩，首先要从领导干部做起。职位越高，要求必然越高。领导干部手握权力、肩负重任，就必须落实“三严三实”要求，始终保持“如临深渊、如履薄冰”的履职状态，就必须把家风建设摆在重要位置，做到廉洁修身、廉洁齐家。“从官重公慎，立身贵廉明”。领导干部立身正、讲原则、守纪律，本身就是一种教育和导向，就能形成一级带一级、一级抓一级的示范效应，营造遵规守纪、风清气正的良好氛围，不断增强党的凝聚力、战斗力。

从“加强纪律性，革命无不胜”的著名论断，到“一靠理想，二靠纪律”的深刻总结，再到全面从严治党的新实践，铁的纪律早已融入我们党的政治基因。迈向新征程，以严明纪律激浊扬清、管党治党，必将使党更加充满生机活力，引领中华号巨轮驶向民族复兴的梦想彼岸。

“如果把人生当做一盘棋，那么人生的结局就是由这盘棋的格局决定的。”忘记了是从哪本杂志上看到了的这句话，但是它却宛如一口悬钟，撞响了我冰封的心灵。

什么叫格局，格局通俗一点讲就是指一个人看事务能看多远，一个人的心胸有多宽阔。每个人的心中都有一个格局，就好比每一个鱼儿的心中都有一片大海。

社会上，有的人初出茅庐就开始崭露头角，从此锋芒毕露，在人群中出类拔萃，从次辉煌一生。可有的人辛辛苦苦的走完了一生的道路，却还是一直碌碌无为，最后只得心灰意冷的伏在书案前，悲剧的抹拭社会过滤后的残泪。

究竟是为什么，究竟是什么原因造就了他们如此大的不同呢!俞敏洪曾经说过：有些人一生没有辉煌，并不是因为他们不能辉煌，而是因为他们的头脑中没有闪过辉煌的念头，或者不知道应该如何辉煌。其实能否取得成功，问题的关键还在于：人们的心中是否有一个大的目标，是否在青春年少时期就让自己的心中闪烁起光芒，渴望走进那片属于强者的殿堂。

强者是什么，就是那些从小相信并坚持自己伟大梦想的，在岁月的洗礼中渐渐成熟，在艰难困苦中挺立卓然的不倒翁，他们永远是人类的精华。

人生需要大的格局来突破。何为大的格局，就是指拥有远大的抱负与理想，不拘泥于狭小的空间，以全面的远光看问题，将自己未来的人生高度与规划定格在一个可以实现但却难以实现的标准之上，诸葛亮曾经说过：治世当以大得而不以小惠。因此从某种意义上来说想要实现自己的宏伟蓝图关键还在于大格局的建立。

曾经一位想投稿漫画的小青年胆怯的站在一家公司的主编的门前，这个青年无数次的推门，但是却不敢进去，后被主编发现，把他热情的迎了进来，结果这个青年的才华与想象远超出了主编的想象，不久这个少年的漫画就在这家杂志刊物发表了。

随着时间的推移，这位青年在日本的漫画界越来越有名气，但是，在日本像他一样不懈追求而且才华横溢的画家太多了，凭借画画谋生是非常困难的，于是他开始改变自己的风格，什么值钱他就画什么，渐渐的失去了自己最本真和最质朴的东西。

不久，主编找到了他，一番意味深长的话，让他认识到了从前没有意识到的问题，他找回了当年丧失的灵魂，他把对梦想的乘载与对漫画的热爱深深的融入到了自己的作品中，现在他作品的内涵与品味逐步提升，为人也变得十分的爽朗大气。

后来，这个青年凭借自己擅长的忍者漫画迅速走红以名作《火影忍者》享誉全球，他就是亚洲顶级漫画家之一岸本齐史 这个故事告诉了我们要想取得真正的成就，就不能局限于眼前这些基础的利益，要知道：有时候放弃也是一种收获，失去也是一种取得，放宽眼界，提高自己的人生格局，才能走向真正美丽的天空，靓丽辉煌的旅途。

人生的格局越大，人生的天空就越精彩。格局越大，你的机会也就越多，曾经一位老师问两位数学学习差不多的学生，你们下次考试能靠多少分，一个学生说我下次能考80分吧!一位学生说我下次能考100分，结果考试成绩出来了，说80分的学生达了60分，说100分的学生达了90分，这个故事说明了什么：格局越大，机会就越多，人生需要大的格局，放宽视野，将目标放远，不拘小节，得到你的将是成功的原野。

生活中有太多的人被眼前微小的利益迷惑，忘记了曾经年少时期高贵的向往，小河的梦想都是奔向大海，可是因为泥沙的沉淀却让他们变成了黄河。

生活中的每一件事情都是有着基本规律的，就像成功的获得，从来都是来之不易的。爱因斯坦曾经说过：成功等于努力工作加懂得休息加少说废话，其实人生就是这样，每个人都在进步，你不奋勇争先，就要烂在社会最底层的淤泥里，没有人会为你的成长买单，逆水行舟，不进则退是社会永恒的法则。

生命没有草稿，年华不容浪费，朝着一个目标不停的向前，实现自己的人生目标，让梦想照进现实的天堂，才是青涩年华时代里我们最应该做的事情。

志当存高远。事业成功的人都需要有远大的志向。志者，心也。超然于物外。方能品味极致人生。这说明立志对人生有着重大意义、树立远大的志向，拥有宽广的心胸，拥有发展，创新的眼光。培养良好的心态。明确人生的目标。这些都是规划人生的大格局。人生必须有一个好的格局、人生须有一个好的格局。才能有一个好的格局。

人生当进退自如。大丈夫应当能屈能伸。能屈能伸的人生才是完美而丰富的人生。许多的事实证明了一个真理。宽容才能成就伟大。人生的目标可以指引前进的方向，目标是人生成功的线路图。要想取得成功。就要有明确的目标，一个人没有明确的个人使命，他就无法制定他的事业成长的战略人生的棋局的输赢取决于我们能否把握好自己的棋局、事业生活人生都需要格局。所谓格局。就是以长远的。发展的、大局的，战略眼光看问题、以大的胸怀做事情。格局有多大事业就有多大。古今中外。大凡成功的人、他们从一开始就从大处着眼。一步一步构筑他们辉煌的事业。

格局有多大、事业就有多大、你的成功率就有多大、无论在哪一方面。你能如鱼得水、叱咤风云都得益于你有近乎完善的格局。有什么样的格局。就有什么样的人生、就有什么样的结局、诸葛亮有句名言：“志当存高远、志者，心也，超然于物外，方能品味极致人生的重大意义、胸有”鸿鹄之志“才能产生大动力、大意志。个人的天才和禀赋才能得到最大限度的开发与挖掘。人生的格局才能树立一个好的开端。

置之死地而后生、胆略是一种大气。胆略的前瞻性往往意味着风险的性质。战略的冒险具有两种结果：失败，或者成功。而一个成功者。要有良好的战略判断，靠的就是胆略，“胆“在前边，敢赌是前提，惟有大赌才能胜利。胆略可能是人生成功的充分条件。略在后边、谋划是关键。往往成功的人，他们做事一定具有谋略、”谋“是成功的必要条件。一个成功的人，只有事先制订超前的战略。具有胆略和谋划。他才会全心全力地投入事业。以一种置之死地而后生的精神去开拓，去努力。人生才会取得更大的成功。

知足者常乐。宁静致远、淡泊明志。中蕴涵市面上诸葛亮知足常乐的清高雅洁。更多的时候，知足常乐融合在平平淡淡才是真的意境中。知足常乐就是人性的一种本性真、以孩童的时候。我们会为拥有了自己梦想得到的东西而喜上眉梢。笑逐颜开、烙下一串串深刻的记忆。今日重温。也许会忍俊不禁。无论行至何方。所处何位。知足常乐永远都是情真意切的延续、机不可失，失不再来、创造机会、抓住机遇，永远是强者的行动指南。机遇永远青睐于有准备的人、没有准备。即使机遇来到。也只能眼看着它擦身而过、创造自己能够把握机遇的条件。抓住合适的机遇。天下没有不成功的事情。机遇是人生的大局。抓住了机遇。也就抓住了成功。

构建小城镇社区党建工作新格局的调查与思考

构建小城镇社区党建工作

新格局的调查与思考

随着经济体制改革步伐和城镇化进程不断加快，新经济组织不断涌现，各类人员大量进入城镇社区，使社区党建工作的基础和领域均发生了较大变化。为了适应新的形势，进一步加强城镇社区党建工作，推进社区建设和城镇的发展，最近，我们在城关镇对社区党建工作情况进行了认真调查，并针对存在的问题，就进一步加强小城镇社区党建工作，构建小城镇社区党建工作新格局作出了一些粗浅的思考。

形势：迫切需要加强

作为党在城镇的基层组织，社区党组织的地位和作用重大已无容质疑。面临我县城镇发展的新形势和新任务，社区党建工作同样也面临着新的挑战：

一是社区人口日益增加，人员结构进一步多样化，使社区党建工作领域不断扩大。目前，石泉县城区共有4个社区，有居民8332户38700人，各类流入人口4650人，城区人口占全县的24%，比XX年增加79%。而且，随着农村经济的发展和社会生活方式的变化，农村人口向社区转移的力度还会逐渐加大。存在于社区的各类非公有制经济组织7000余家，从业人员近XX0人；社会力量办学1所，民办非企业单位5个，从业人员219人；驻社区机关、企事业单位离退休、提前离岗的干部职工2450人，下岗职工975人；同时，还有5261名在职干部、职工大部分时间在居住的社区度过，这使得社区人员结构十分复杂，而且会随着改革的深化而进一步多样化。

二是社区党建工作的责任逐渐加重。主要表现在以下几个方面：随着国有、集体企业改制进程进一步加快，进入社区的下岗、分流的职工党员数量越来越多。据统计，改制基本结束的县缫丝厂、栲胶厂、纤维板厂、纸厂已有143名下岗、分流职工党员进入社区，而全县正在和将要改制的国有、集体企业共有41家，共有职工党员348人，这些党员绝大多数组织关系都将转入社区；加上离、退休干部职工党员逐渐增多，给社区党员的教育、管理增加了新的任务。同时，随着再就业、社会救助、社会保险等新的工作内容转向社区，社区在群众生活保障方面的作用越来越重要，社区党组织宣传、组织、帮助群众工作量将大大增加；职业的相对流动性和居住环境的相对稳定性，使职工对单位的依赖相对减弱，对社区的依赖则大为增强；实行双休日、年休和七天长假之后，职工在社区活动时间相应增加，人们对社区的认同感和依赖感也有很大程度的增强，这些情况也对社区党建工作提出了新要求。

三是社区建设对社区党建工作的要求进一步提高。随着人民生活水平不断提高，精神文明的不断进步，居民群众对生活的质量和品位有了更高的要求，各种群众自发组织的活动团体大量涌现，对社区建设、社区管理和社区服务呈现出更高的需求。社区党组织要适应社区发展的需求，更好的体现为人民服务的宗旨，就必须着眼于人的全面发展，紧紧围绕不同群体的物质、文化及精神需求，改进和创新贴近群众，为群众欢迎的工作方式，增强服务的多样性、针对性和实效性，把党的关怀渗透到社区各种阶层、各个领域，才能为我们党赢得最广泛的群众基矗

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构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局问题的调研报告

党的17大提出要建立以工促农、以城带乡的长效机制，形成城乡经济社会统筹发展新格局。这种新格局，既包括经济、政治、文化、社会建设的城乡统筹发展，又包含党的建设城乡统筹发展。在新形势下，如何打破城乡党建二元分割的封闭格局，更好地构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局，为城乡经济社会统筹发展提供坚强的组织保证，是当前各级组织部门的当务之急。

为此，根据湛江市2019年组织工作重点调研课题分配方案安排，徐闻县委组织部按照市委组织部的要求，成立了《构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局问题研究》课题组，通过召开座谈会、实地走访等形式，深入细致地调研。走访了全县15个乡镇(街道)，60多个村(社区)，以及80多个市、县固本强基工作组，并有针对性地约谈乡镇(街道)党(工)委书记、乡镇长(主任)，县直机关、企事业单位主要领导，村(社区)党支部书记、主任共170多人，对当前构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局的现状、面临的困扰进行了专题分析，并对如何构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局，作了深入调查与探索性研究。现将调查研究情况报告如下：

一、我县基层党组织的基本情况

徐闻县共有基层党(工)委28个，其中乡镇党委14个，街道党工委1个，县直机关党工委1个，农垦系统党委5个，机关企业党委6个，以及徐闻经济开发区党委;党组32个;党(总)支部1045个，其中机关企事业单位党支部847个，农村党支部173个，社区党支部25个(含6个糖厂社区党支部)。全县党员26218人，其中机关党员11850人，农村党员14368人。

自2019年6月以来，我县按照省委、市委的统一部署，认真开展“十百千万”干部下基层驻农村，深入实施固本强基工程活动。四年来，省、市、县三级共派出工作队404个、954人，其中省直工作队4个、工作队员19名，市直工作队93个、工作队员249名，县直工作队307个、工作队员686名。进驻了198个村(社区)开展以城乡统筹发展为目的的固本强基工作。2019年，省、市派出173个城市党支部与我县173个农村党支部进行“一帮一”结对帮扶活动。据统计，四年来，省、市、县工作队和城乡基层结对帮扶党组织共筹集资金2300多万元，其中为群众办好事实事3600多件，投入资金1740多万元;为驻点村上集体经济项目113个，投入资金570多万元。帮助农村加强了班子建设和干部队伍建设，在一定程度上转变了农村干部的工作作风，建立健全了村务、党务制度，理清了农村经济发展思路。通过这些活动，干部受到了教育，群众得到了实惠，基层党组织增强了活力，农村经济和社会各项事业取得了长足的进步，为社会主义新农村建设奠定了坚实的组织基础和群众基础，成为“群众满意工程”。

二、主要做法和成效

近几年来，我县主要是按照省委、市委的要求，结合实际，认真开展了“十百千万”干部下基层驻农村、实施固本强基工程，开展选派优秀年轻干部到农村基层任职锻炼，以及开展城乡基层党组织互帮互助活动等，取得了较好的成效。主要如下：

(一)加强组织领导，落实工作责任。自开展活动以来，我县高度重视这些工作，建立健全“党委统一领导、组织部门牵头指导、乡镇(街道)党(工)委具体协调、城乡基层党组织广泛参与”的工作机制。县四套班子成员分别挂钩联系乡镇(街道)负责督导;县直147个副科以上单位也挂钩联系村(社区);各乡镇(街道)、村(社区)也相应成立领导机构，认真落实工作责任;各派出单位的领导定期或不定期下点指导工作和现场办公。形成了级级有领导、层层有责任，上下联动、齐抓共管的工作局面。

(二)加强班子建设，夯实党的执政基础。各固本强基工作队和城市党支部以建立一支“不走的”工作队为目标，着力加强基层班子建设。特别是今年，结合村、社区“两委”班子换届，把那些政治上靠得住、发展上有本事、人民群众信得过的干部选拔到合适的领导岗位上来。据统计，在今年村级“两委”换届中，我县198个村、社区共推选446名经济能人进入“两委”班子，其中112名致富带富有能力、服务群众有本领、凝聚群众有办法的党员干部担任村级党组织负责人。同时，还结合先进性教育、思想解放大讨论，以及村级党支部书记、主任培训班等，加强对农村党员干部尤其是村级“两委”干部的培训，帮助党员干部增强责任感，改进作风，提高了综合素质和致富带富能力，进一步增强了农村基层党组织的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力。

(三)加强经济发展，增强村集体财力。思路决定出路，发展推动进步。几年来，各挂点单位和驻村工作组紧紧抓住发展经济这一要务，发挥各驻村工作队的资金、技术、信息等优势，帮助驻点村理清发展思路，因地制宜，利用驻点村土地、资源、地理位置等优势上项目，发展集体经济，如：商贸经济、店铺经济、服务经济、特色经济和资源经济等。另外，还组织劳务输出，增加农民收入，取得了较好的成效。驻点村(社区)的集体经济纯收入有了较大的提高，到去年为止，全县共有60个村(社区)集体经济年收入达到3万元以上，实行了脱贫的目标。

(四)加强新农村建设，促进农村发展。各工作队驻村后，以加强维稳能力建设为己任，采取多种方式推动农村的和谐稳定发展。一是做好调解工作。定期开展对农村不稳定因素的排查，及时掌握群众的思想动态，了解矛盾纠纷的苗头情况，调处各种矛盾纠纷，维护农村和谐稳定。二是解决农村热点难点问题。驻村干部深入了解群众关心的各种热点难点问题，并在能力范围内通过采取资金帮扶、文化帮扶、科技帮扶、医疗帮扶、项目帮扶以及服务帮扶等形式，逐步解决热点难点问题。特别是在解决群众行路难问题上，支持和配合农村修建了水泥路3008公里。三是开展普法教育。开展各种形式的普法教育活动，进行法制宣传，提高农民的遵纪守法意识，增强了村民的法律意识。四是推进农村精神文明建设。以创建特色文化村、建设文化室、举办文化活动为载体，引导农民在文化建设中作“主人”、当“主体”、唱“主角”，不断丰富群众的精神文化生活，逐步提高农民的文明素质。

(五)加强制度建设，逐步规范管理。几年来，广大驻村干部积极协助村“两委”理顺关系，进一步规范运作，全面推行党务、村务、财务公开。为促进驻点村各项工作顺利开展，各工作队着眼于构建相关的工作管理、监督机制，如湛江市环保局驻龙塘镇龙塘村工作队，帮助驻点村建立健全了《龙塘村村规民约》，使该村有一个良好的管理和监督制度。目前，全县198个村(社区)都建立党务、村务等方面的制度，使农村基层组织各项工作逐步走上有章可循、有规可依的轨道。

(六)加强城乡结对帮扶，提升城乡共建水平。按照省委、市委开展城乡基层党组织互帮互助活动的安排，省、市173个城市机关党支部与我县农村党支部结对帮扶共建，组织了党员到我县农村过组织生活，慰问困难党员群众，为群众办实事好事等，在组织共建、资源共享、党员互帮以及城乡互助方面取得初步的成效。通过城乡互帮互助活动，城市参与农村建设的水平有了一定的提高。

(七)加强自身建设，提高驻村干部素质。广大驻村干部乘着到农村学习锻炼的契机，肩负重任、带着感情，克服困难，一心扑在驻村工作上，自觉在艰苦环境中经受锻炼。在工作过程中，他们严格要求自己，认真扮好角色，积极充当农村工作的“调研员”、“宣传员”、“指导员”、“监督员”、“调解员”和“传播员”，主动投身到新农村建设各项工作中去，通过多种途径提高自身素质。经过实践锻炼，广大驻村干部更直接地掌握到村情民意，更深刻地感受到基层困难，更切身地体会到民生疾苦，增强了服务基层、服务群众的自觉性，提高了做群众工作的能力。

三、当前困扰构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局的主要问题

在开展城乡统筹基层党建工作过程中，我们发现，当前，在思想认识、组织设置、制度建设和组织活动开展等方面，仍然存在一些困扰构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局的问题。主要体现为“四个滞后”：

(一)思想认识滞后。一些基层党组织及其领导对城乡统筹基层党建工作认识不到位，没有从全局的角度充分认识做好这项工作，是夯实党的执政基础，实现城乡协调发展的重要措施。而是简单地认为城乡统筹基层党建就是一般性的帮扶工作，导致了在工作过程中存在“三性”。一是应付性。只是按照有关文件的要求，蜻蜓点水式地走过场，当村党支部遇到困难，需要共同商量解决时，却从不过问。有的单位甚至因为资金问题、领导不重视等原因，甚至有抵触情绪。如下桥镇桥南村党支部反映，结对帮扶的机关党支部只来过一次，走了后就没有了消息。在今年村里遭遇严重水灾时，结对的机关党支部连打电话来过问都没有。二是接济性。机关党支部对统筹共建的认识不到位，认为只是随便拿一点钱、物给村党支部就了事。大多数机关党支部都只是给村党支部带些钱物来，或者是慰问困难的老党员、孤寡老人和贫困学生，没有解决村党支部的实际困难，达不到统筹共建的目的。三是随意性。机关党支部没有深入农村进行调查研究，只是随便听听村班子个别人提出的一些不切合实际的项目，便不自量力草草上马，也没有对项目建设进行跟踪，结果留下“烂尾工程”。

(二)组织设置滞后。长期以来党组织的管理模式主要是按行政或地域关系设置，实行以具体单位为单元建立基层党组织，并以严格的行政隶属关系纳入各自的条块范围。在城市党组织里，机关党组织按照行政隶属关系设置，而农村党组织主要是按照行政村来设置。这种城乡二元分割的基层党组织设置方式，制约了城乡党组织相互间的交流和沟通，造成了城乡党组织互相分离、互不了解，在工作上往往出现就农村党建抓农村党建，就机关党建抓机关党建的现象，在人才培养、党员的管理和教育上出现了城乡脱节的现象，不利于城乡统筹发展。

(三)制度建设滞后。由于没有一套较为完善的城乡统筹基层党建工作制度，导致城乡统筹基层党建工作责任不明确，使城乡统筹基层党建工作缺乏强有力的保障措施，加上一些党组织领导抓党建工作责任意识不强，造成了“无人管事”的不良局面。如2019年省委、市委共安排173个城市机关党支部和我县的173个农村党支部结对开展城乡基层党组织互帮互助活动，但到目前为止，只有55个城市机关党支部到村开展互帮互助活动，仍有118个城市机关党支部从未与村党支部有过联系。

(四)活动形式滞后。在调研中发现，相当一部分的城市机关党组织在开展统筹共建活动中，几乎都是千篇一律地送电脑，慰问几名困难党员、贫困学生。活动内容空洞枯燥，方式简单陈旧，效果差强人意。这与省委要求的要在互帮互助活动中，开展组织共建、资源共享、党员互帮、城乡互助，积极帮助农村党支部解决实际问题，加强党员干部的作风建设，更好地服务农村群众，促进城乡党组织协调发展等，还有相当的差距，与统筹城乡基层党建工作的要求极不适应。

四、构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局的对策措施

构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局，必须围绕城乡统筹发展来谋划、部署和推进基层党建工作，坚持统筹兼顾、城乡互动的原则，进一步开阔思路，破除党建工作方面不适应城乡统筹发展的体制障碍，充分发挥基层党组织的创造活力，推动城乡党建互促互进，实现城乡党的基层组织建设由相对分隔向相对融合转型，整体推进党的基层组织建设。

(一)创新城乡统筹基层党建理念，以统揽全局的观念来引领城乡统筹基层党建的开展。

思想是行动的指南。要构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局，必须围绕城乡经济社会发展一体化的新实践，以统筹发展的思路，牢固树立与构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局相适应的思想观念，以新的观念来引领城乡统筹基层党建的开展。

1、树立城乡党建协调发展的整体观。各级党组织要以科学发展观为指导，按照统筹兼顾、全面协调可持续发展的要求，增强城乡统筹意识，树立区域观念，转变城乡二元分割的思维模式，打破城乡党建封闭格局，把城乡党建工作作为一个整体来对待，做到思路谋划城乡“一盘棋”，制度设计城乡“两相益”，工作推进城乡“两手抓”，努力实现城乡党建整体推进、协调发展。

2、树立城乡党员都是党内主体的平等观。各级党组织要认真落实党章规定的党员权利义务，树立农村党员与城市党员都是党内主体的平等观，消除党员在身份、地位、心理等方面的“城乡差别”，消除对农村党员的偏见和歧视，公正平等地对待城乡所有党员。

3、树立与时俱进的抓城乡基层党建的创新观。各级党组织要充分认识城乡统筹基层党建新格局与现行党建工作模式的关系，在继承传统党建工作好做法和好经验的基础上，对一些不适应、不符合城乡统筹发展的思路、模式和做法进行改革，优化思路，拓宽领域，丰富内容，改进方式，健全机制，使党的基层组织建设体现时代性、把握规律性、富于创造性。

4、树立以构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局来推动城乡协调发展的服务观。各级党组织要切实改变“就党建抓党建”的观念，把基层党建融入城乡统筹发展的全过程和各环节，围绕城乡统筹发展搭建基层党组织班子，配置基层干部、人才，培养党员队伍，开展党的工作，把党的基层组织的组织资源转化为发展资源、组织优势转化为发展优势、组织活力转化为发展活力。

(二)创新城乡基层组织设置模式，以科学合理的组织机构来抓好城乡统筹基层党建的开展。

基层党组织肩负着贯彻执行党的路线、方针、政策，领导和团结党员及人民群众进行社会主义建设的任务。随着社会主义市场经济的不断完善和统筹城乡发展的不断推进，按照地域、单位为主设置的基层组织体系，已经无法满足城乡统筹基层党建新格局的要求。当前，务必在以地域、单位为主设置的基层党组织的基础上，树立区域性大党建观念，转变城乡二元分割的思维模式，本着地域相邻、行业相近、便于管理、便于互动和有利发挥作用的原则，打破城乡界限，跨越所有制形态，以产业为纽带，以区域为依托，建立覆盖城乡的形态稳定、机制开放、城乡一体化的基层党组织网络。

1、科学合理设置农村基层党组织。要从适应农村城镇化、农业产业化、农民分工化的要求出发，按照“一调二改”调整农村基层党组织设置：“一调”即调整村级党组织设置方式，由过去按农村党员居住地域就近设置党支部转变为村级设置党总支，并按产业分类设置党支部，按党员职业状况设置分类党小组;“二改”就是改变党员编排方法，由过去按党员居住地以村为单位统一编排，转变为个人意愿和组织安排相结合，以居住地和行业分类进行编排;改进党支部职责，由过去统一职责转变为组织共性与行业个性相结合的职责。逐步形成以农村党总支为主体、产业党支部为骨干、分类党小组为基础的新型组织构架，才能充分发挥党总支的领导作用和党支部的连带作用，有利于城乡基层党组织统筹共建。

2、加快实现基层党组织全覆盖。大力推进基层党组织动态延伸，采取“保留”、“新建”和“联建”的方法，加快在城乡新经济组织、新社会组织、专业协会、集贸市场、产业园区、转制企业设置和调整基层党组织，提高党组织的覆盖面，实现基层党组织全覆盖。保留，即对已有党组织的专业协会、集贸市场、改制企业，无特殊情况，原有的党组织予以保留，其建制视实际上情况作适当调整;新建，即对具有一定规模的，还未设立党组织，但正式党员三人以上的“两新”组织、专业协会、产业园区，单独建立新的党组织;联建，即对党员人数不足三人，暂不具备单独建立党组织的“两新”组织、专业协会、集贸市场、产业园区、转制企业，按照地域相邻，行业相近，自愿联合的原则，建立联合党组织。

3、建立城乡统筹基层党组织共建工作机构。构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局，在机构设置上既要打破基层党组织条块分明、独立工作的局面，实现基层党组织党建资源统筹和资源共享，同时，又要解决好城乡统筹基层党建中存在的“无人管事”、“人浮于事”等问题，做到有专门机构、专职人员负责抓。可以通过“五式一组”的模式，设置城乡统筹基层党建临时党委和城乡统筹基层党建工作领导小组解决好这些问题。“五式”即：区域联建式，在就近的村、社区中，在自愿平等、互利互惠的基础上，按照资源共享、以强带弱的原则，实行村与村、村与社区的党支部(总支)联合建立临时党委，促进生产要素和党建要素优化配置;产业联建式，对产业相同的村、社区、企业党支部(总支)，以产业为主体，依托产业链联结党组织建立临时党委，发挥产业党组织在统筹城乡党建中的作用，实现产业内部互联互建;社区联建式，组织多个优势城市社区与农村社区党支部(总支)对接，建立临时党委，开展“多帮一”、“一帮一”、“一帮多”等，互联共建，推动优势互补，促进发展，实现双赢;村企联建式，按照以企带村、村企整合、工农互助的思路，组织企业和村、社区党支部(总支)联合建立临时党委，推动以工补农、以工促农;部门联建式，发挥机关事业单位党组织在经费保障、人才聚集、管理规范等方面的优势，组织发动机关事业党支部与农村党支部联合建立临时党委，开展帮扶，引领农村发展。“一组”即设置城乡统筹基层党建工作领导小组。就是在临时党委的基础上，成立城乡统筹基层党建工作领导小组，领导小组负责牵头协调各基层党组织开展城乡统筹基层党建工作，统一领导和指导临时党委开展城乡统筹基层党建工作，负责检查、督促和考核城乡统筹基层党建工作，从而，在机构设置上形成城乡一体大党建工作新格局。

(三)创新城乡统筹基层党建工作制度，以规范的制度来保障城乡统筹基层党建的开展。

无规矩不成方圆。构建城乡统筹党建新格局，推动城乡基层党组织共同发展，不可能一蹴而就，一劳永逸。要立足城乡统筹党建实际，建立和完善相关的制度，将统筹共建工作责任具体落实到城乡党组织及其领导，并建立相关的督促和考核评价制度，以制度来保障各级基层党组织抓好党建“主业”，才能确保城乡统筹党建工作长期化、制度化、规范化。在这方面，要做到“三建一完善”。

1、建立城乡统筹基层党建相关责任制度。建立城乡统筹基层党建工作领导小组和城乡统筹基层党建工作临时党委工作制度，把构建城乡统筹基层党建，加强基层组织建设的责任具体落实到相关党组织。建立机关党组织与城乡基层党组织结对共建制度，把构建城乡统筹党建新格局责任延伸到机关、事业单位。健全各系统党(工)委之间联动机制，定期召开协调会议，沟通情况，协商工作，从而形成上下联、层层创、合力抓的新格局。要制定单位党组织领导联系点及部门包村(社区)制度，明确党组织书记为城乡统筹基层党建工作责任人，明确党组织领导干部党建工作联系点工作内容。

2、建立健全党建工作考核评价制度。要以“量化目标、强化责任、严格考评、兑现奖惩”为主要内容，把城乡统筹基层党建工作纳入党建工作考核目标，实行机关、事业单位、结对村(社区)党组织同安排、同部署、同考核。把党(工)委、党组及其一把手抓党建“主业”的情况作为考核重点，把基层党建工作作为主要内容，把考核结果纳入各级领导班子和领导干部年度考核。要建立城乡统筹基层党建职责评议制度，注重考核党员、群众对统筹城乡党建工作的公认度和满意度，形成各级党组织上下联动、齐抓共管的局面。要把结对共建工作与党内“争先创优”活动有机结合，把党员在结对共建活动中的表现和效果与干部年度考核和党员民主评议有机结合起来，形成互促互动，共同推进的工作长效机制。

3、建立相应的督促检查机制。根据城乡统筹基层党建工作的目标要求，建立城乡统筹基层党建工作情况汇报制度，定期组织各级党组织汇报工作情况，为下步工作开展提供依据。同时，采取定期或不定期巡查、随机抽查、明查暗访等形式，加强督促检查，促进构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局工作扎实推进。

4、完善党建工作制度。在过去的党建工作责任制基础上，实行党员领导干部既要抓好本级党建，又要抓好城乡统筹基层党建的“一岗双责”制，制定“双责”工作目标，明确工作责任，强化各级党组织领导干部抓城乡统筹基层党建工作的责任意识，以制度来保障城乡统筹基层党建成为党建“主业”的重要内容。

(四)创新城乡统筹基层党建工作形式，以科学可行的方式来推动城乡统筹基层党建的开展。

构建城乡统筹基层党建新格局必须服务于城乡统筹发展，以统筹为基本思路，以人才资源、组织资源、阵地资源等资源共享为前提，以联建为基本抓手，以增强基层党组织的凝聚力、战斗力和号召力，提高党员干部的素质、服务广大人民群众为基本目标，创新开展实践活动，通过城乡基层党组织之间工作联动、功能互补，实现双向受益、共同提高的“双赢”。

1、畅通交流渠道，加强城乡人才资源联动培养。火车跑得快，全靠车头带。要以加强城乡基层党组织班子、干部队伍和实用人才建设为核心，创新交流机制，拓宽渠道，为构建城乡党建新格局提供人才保证。一是选好配强村(社区)领导班子。要在坚持科学的选人用人机制的基础上，采用“选”、“引”、“派”、“兼”等形式，把肯干事、能干事的优秀人才，选拔到基层领导班子。“选”，就是在坚持“两推一选”、“公推直选”的基础上，通过党员选举，把政治素质好、致富带富能力强的人选进班子;“引”，就是通过公开选拔的方法，引进优秀的大学生和优秀的外来人员，到村(社区)班子任职;“派”，就是由上级党组织下派机关、企事业干部到村班子任职;“兼”，就是通过组织程序，让那些致富后愿意回报家乡、帮助建设新农村的农民企业家兼任村(社区)班子成员。二是加强农村人才队伍建设。要启动实施农村实用人才培训工程，把农村实用人才培养成党员，把党员培养成建设新农村的模范。要建立优秀外出务工人员档案，指定专人联系，有计划、有目标地培养农村人才。要制定外出务工经商能人返乡创业政策，鼓励支持他们带资金、带技术返乡创业;要积极引导、鼓励、支持城市人才到农村创业，并采取有力措施，把一些政治素质好、创业能力强的实用人才，作为村(社区)后备干部进行重点培养。三是加强城乡党员干部交流。要打破人才工作城乡二元分割局面，实现城乡人才纵横有序交流。要推行党政机关后备干部到基层任职制度，深化机关、事业单位干部派驻农村、社区工作制度，选派专业技术人员进驻农村、社区工作等。要大胆开展实施城乡干部“双向挂职”锻炼工程，使城市机关的年轻党员干部通过下挂到农村基层锻炼，增强农村工作经验，培养优良的作风。同时，使农村党员干部通过上挂到城市机关锻炼，学习机关先进的管理经验，拓宽知识面。从而，促进城乡人才互动交流，加快城乡全面协调发展步伐。

2、坚持城乡一体化，加强城乡党员联动管理。一是建立城乡一体的发展党员机制。要在过去以地域、单位为主的发展党员方式上，积极探索城乡联动的发展党员工作方式，特别是在发展流动农民工党员工作上，要实行流入地和流出地党组织“双向培养”办法，由流入地和流出地各指定一名专人进行跟踪联系培养，流入地、流出地定期互通信息，严格把关，保证质量，共同培养入党积极分子，共同发展党员。二是建立城乡一体的党员培训机制。依托农村远程教育网络和区域性网络资源，建立城乡党员互动教育平台，利用网络双向交流的特点，开展城乡党员互动式教育和交流。要把党员教育、信息传播、政策宣传和实用技术培训等有机结合起来，组织从业分散的党员在网上参加党的活动，接受培训，提升城乡基层党员培训一体化程度，以城乡一体化促进城乡党员的联动培训。要充分利用城市机关、企事业党组织的活动阵地、党建资源和培训设施，组织选派农村、社区党员到机关、企事业党组织培训学习。要把农村、社区和机关、企事业单位党员培训统一纳入整体培训规划，将城乡党员集中在一起培训学习，不断缩小城乡党员的思想观念、知识结构、综合素质上的差别。三是建立城乡一体的党员管理方式。按照属地为主、原籍为辅、双边互动、共同负责原则，加强城乡党组织之间的联系，对外出务工党员，加大双向互动管理力度，完善流动党员双重管理办法，城市社区、“两新”组织及机关、企事业单位基层党组织要主动接纳在本社区、本单位居住、就业的流动党员，实现从单向被动式管理向双向互动式管理转变。建立组织部门与公安、劳动社保、人事等有关部门的联动机制，完善流动党员信息采集，建立“流动党员一体化网络管理平台”，在组织关系接转、活动证发放、党费缴纳、提供服务等方面实行网络化管理，与流动人口信息库、党员管理数据库对接，做到党员流动到哪里，一体化管理到哪里，实现由追踪式管理向网络化管理转变。

3、强化城乡合作，促进基层组织协调发展。要积极探索以工促农、以城带乡的实现形式和城乡党组织互帮互助机制，推动党建资源双向流动，工作互相合作，促进基层党组织共同发展。

一方面，要创新开展城乡党组织互帮互助活动。要统筹开展党内创建活动，大胆创新活动形式，开展以城市社区、机关、企事业党支部与农村党支部结对互帮互助活动，为构建城乡统筹基层党建工作提供平台，实现城乡党组织统筹发展。要结合实际，多形式开展以“两创两树”为主要内容的活动：一是创党建示范点。城市机关党组织领导要把农村党支部作为党建工作联系点，主动帮助农村党支部抓好班子、队伍、作风和制度建设，到村党支部过组织生活，指导村发展集体经济，积极为群众解决热点难点问题，树立典型，达到以点带面的目的。二是创“五好”党支部。开展机关党支部与农村党支部结对帮扶，促进城乡党组织之间互补共建，共同建设“领导班子好、党员干部队伍好、工作机制好、小康建设业绩好、农民群众反映好”的“五好”农村党支部。三是树致富能人。城乡党组织共同组织，在党员中开展“四个一”活动，即：学习一些管理知识、学好一门技术、找准一个项目、帮带一名党员，帮助农村党员成为有文化、懂技术、会管理的新型党员，提升他们创造财富的能力。四是树服务新人。要创新党员联系和服务群众的途径和方式，深化和拓展党员责任区、党员承诺、设岗定责、结对帮扶等活动，组织跨城乡的党员自愿者，在党员中开展争当新时期服务新人的活动。通过活动，切实帮助群众解决最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题，积极组织开展助民便民活动，更好地服务农民群众。

另一方面，创建城乡共享的党内激励关怀帮扶机制。以开展“关爱党员，增强党性，凝聚人心”活动为抓手，建立健全党内激励关怀帮扶长效机制：一是设立跨城乡的党员互助基金。采取“六个一点”方法，即“党费拨一点、党组织出一点、党员捐一点、相关部门资助一点、企业赞助一点、外出人员赠一点”，筹集资金。主要无偿用于对城乡年老体弱、长期患病及大病、生活困难的党员进行资助，对党员亡故的善后补助或者受意外伤害进行救助，以及对困难党员生产启动资金的帮扶等。二是建立跨城乡的党员互助会。把城乡党员组织起来，成立城乡党员互助会，整合城乡党员的各方面资源，发挥优势，取长补短，互相帮助。互助会经常组织党员深入困难党员家中，主动与其谈心沟通，畅通党组织和党员的交流渠道，确保党员的愿望和诉求能及时得到组织的倾听和关注，掌握他们的思想动态、生活状况和需要解决的问题，针对问题组织党员开展帮扶服务。另外，互助会还要为困难党员提供家政帮助、家电维修、法律援助、就业援助，切实解决他们生活难题。三是开展城乡党员结对帮扶活动。组织城乡先富、掌握技术、有生产资料的党员与贫困党员“认亲”，结成帮扶“对子”，利用先富、掌握技术、掌握信息的党员在生产技术、经验、生产资料等方面优势，帮助困难党员解决生产中遇到的信息、资金、技术等实际困难，带领党员脱贫致富。

大家好，我是你们这次的导游，今天就由我来给大家讲解颐和园的风景名胜。

请大家随着我走。现在，我手指的这个是著名的长廊。这个长廊可不一般。它全长700多米，分成273间。大家可以看到，每间的横槛上都有许多五彩图画，画得各式各样，有人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。难怪被称为“世界第一廊”。

大家往前看，这就是碧波荡漾的昆明湖。这片湖静得像一面镜子。游船经常从这里经过，大家可以听到船上游人们的欢歌笑语。

在昆明湖的上面，就是闻名遐迩的万寿山。站在这里，我们可以看到颐和园的全部风景。站在这里看，整个颐和园真可谓是无比壮观。郁郁葱葱的树丛掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。

一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，这就是古香古色的佛香阁。

大家快随我看看这美丽的石桥吧!这座石桥有17个桥洞，叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着姿态不一的活灵活现的小狮子。

这座在历史上为帝王建造的古典园林，现已成为中国最著名的旅游参观热点之一，每年接待游客数百万人。1986年，颐和园被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

大家听了我的介绍，也心动了吧!那就亲自到颐和园看看吧!

列位游客伴侣们：

各人好。

我是本日教育你们嬉戏的导游，我叫__X。本日，我们要嬉戏的处所是颐和园。让我们走进颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，哪里有瑰丽的景致等着我们去看。这是颐和园里很著名的长廊。看，绿漆的柱子，红漆的雕栏，一眼望不到头，长廊是不是很长?你们先猜一猜长廊有多长，要是等一会儿你们猜不出来，我就汇报你们。你说是230米，你说是480米，你说是500米，哈哈，你们说的都差池。长廊有七百多米，分成了273间呢，让我们去看看长廊里是什么样子吧。看，那是什么，哦，原本是横槛上五彩的画。

汇报你们吧，长廊里有几千幅画，没有哪两幅画是沟通的，这可都是画家的心血。你们看长廊两旁是什么，那么多的花是不是很悦目?有玫瑰花，有牡丹花，尚有牵牛花……此刻我们走出了长廊，来到了万寿山脚下。让我们昂首向上看，有一座八角宝塔形的三层构筑矗立在半山腰上。黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，那就是佛香阁。让我们爬上佛香阁。我们往下看看，颐和园的景致泰半收在眼底。

看那葱郁的树丛中潜匿着什么?对了，细心看可以望见黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。看正前面，昆明湖是何等静，静得像一面镜子，它又是何等绿，绿得像一块碧玉。你们知道吗?清朝乾隆天子诗曰“那里燕山最畅怀，无双风月属昆明”来歌咏昆明湖。让我们从万寿山下来，正前面就是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有好几座式样差异的石桥。看，湖中心有个小岛，远眺望去，岛上一片葱绿。让我们到石桥上去。这石桥有十七个孔，以是叫十七孔桥。看，桥雕栏上有上百根石柱，石柱上还镌刻着小狮子。这么多的狮子，姿态纷歧，模样外形各异，没有哪两只是沟通的。好了，本日我们就到这里。你们本日是不是很开心呢?好了，来日诰日尚有更好的景致等着我们，再会。

亲爱的旅客们，大家早上好!今天由周益欣作为本次旅游颐和园的导游，你们可以叫我小周。希望大家在我的带领下有一个快乐的旅程，让我们出发吧!

绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆每一，这就是有名的长廊。这条长廊有七百多米长，分成273间。每间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅画是相同的。很美吧!还有长廊两旁也很棒，一年四季都有鲜花盛开。你们看，这一种花还没有谢，那一种花又开了。大家感受一下，微风从左边的昆明湖上吹上来，是不是感觉神清气爽呢?

走完长廊，大家赶紧走，不要掉队。接下来我们要到的地方是万寿山脚下。大家快抬头看一看，那一座八角宝塔形三层建筑耸立在半山腰上面呢，那塔上的瓦闪闪发光的地方其实就是佛香阁了。在它的下面一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿就是排云殿了。旅客们你们看，多少壮观的建筑物啊!现在我们要登上万寿山了。站在佛香阁前面向下望，颐和园大半景色都收在旅客的眼底了。看，那葱绿的树林掩映着，黄的绿的琉璃瓦和朱红的宫墙。你们正前面，昆明湖静得象一面境子，还绿得象一块碧玉。看小船，画舫在湖面慢慢地划过，几乎不留一点痕迹。够平静的吧!过会我们会来到昆明湖，有兴趣的旅客可以过会划划小船，让自己放松放松心情。

接下来我们就向昆明湖进军吧!湖上最有特色的就是堤上各式不同的石桥。大家走近看一看，猜猜这座桥叫什么桥?其实桥的名称是由桥洞的数目命名的——十七孔桥，你们看桥下，石桥上不是有十七个洞嘛。桥上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着小狮子，狮子姿态不一，没有哪两只是相同的。大家再细细观看吧!还有远远看去前面还有一个小岛上一片葱绿呢!

最后我感谢大家耐心地陪伴我的讲解，我希望你们细细地去游赏会有更多的收获。那么现在大家就自由活动吧!二个小时后，我们原地集合。旅客向你们想去的地方进军吧!

北京颐和园英文导游辞

The tour will take 4-6 hours. The route is as follows:

Out side the East Gate-side the East Gate –in front of the Hall of benevolence and Longevity- in front of Garden of Virtuous Harmony-in front of the Grand Theater Building- a lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall o Jade Ripples- in front of the o Jade Ripples- in front of the Yiyunguan (Chamber of Mortal Being)-Hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the Yaoyue (Chamber of Mortal Beings)-Hall of Happiness and Longevity-in front of the Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon ) Gate of the Long Corridor- strolling along the Long Corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds- atop the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the Tower of Buddhist Incense- inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest –outside the south gate to Suzhou Shopping Street- atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.

(Out side the east gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer Palace. (After the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .

During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.

The construction of the Summer Palace first started in 1750. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories. The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong. With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements. In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan (Garden of Perfection and Brightness) by Angol-French allied forces. In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony (Summer Palace). Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.

This is the main entrance to the Summer Palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu. The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. All others used the side doors.

(Inside the East Gate)

the Summer Palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake .The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. The layout of the Summer Palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters. Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters. The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.

This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters. The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu Province and placed here to decorated the garden.

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尊敬的各位游客，你们好!我是你们的导游，大家可以叫我小康。希望我们可以一起度过一段欢乐的时光。那么接下来我们将要游览的是颐和园。颐和园是清代的皇家园林和行宫，是我国重点文物保护单位，已经列入《世界遗产名录》。请大家游览时自觉保持它的清洁。

我们首先来到的是著名的长廊。看，红漆的柱子，绿漆的栏杆，多美啊!长廊全长七百二十八米，共有二百七十三间。廊间的每根枋梁上都绘有彩画，一万四千多幅彩画没有一幅画是相同的。

现在我们来到的是万寿山。那个耸立在半山腰的八角宝塔形的三层建筑物就是佛香阁，房顶的琉璃瓦在太阳的照射下闪闪发光。佛山阁下面那一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是有名的排云殿。

各位游客，现在我们正在攀登的就是万寿山了，站在山顶，这是欣赏颐和园全景的最佳位置。周围的景色一览无余，正前面就是昆明湖，游人常说它像镜子，像碧玉，不知你们是否有同感?接着就让我们去昆明湖边仔细欣赏。

看，昆明湖多大，它周围的堤岸更长。看见湖中心那个小岛了吗?走过这个小石桥就可以去小岛上玩。请仔细看这座石桥，它叫十七孔桥，桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，每个柱子上都雕刻着栩栩如生的小石狮，它们姿态各异，简直让人过目不忘。

颐和园到处都是美丽的景色，说也说不尽，请大家慢慢游赏吧。如果下次有机会，我希望还能更好的为大家服务。再见!

各位游客：大家好!欢迎大家到颐和园景区观光游览，今天我有幸和大家一起参观，我姓王，大家可以叫我小王，或叫我王导，望各位能在这里度过一段美好的时光。

北京的颐和园是一座皇家林园，是一个宏伟的古典园林。

我们现在夸进大门，绕过大殿，就来到了著名的长廊。你们看，这绿漆的柱子，再看看这红漆的栏杆，真是一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七八米长，分成二百七十三间。真多啊!每间都有好看的画，你看这人物、花草、风景，没有一幅相同，你有没有为古代人民的智慧而赞叹呢?我是十分钦佩的哦!

不知不觉我们一走到了长廊的尽头，大家朝前看，那就是万寿山，再抬头向上看，那座坐落在半山腰的八角塔形的三层建筑?那就是佛香阁，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光。

下面请大家随我一起去游览一下昆明湖吧!瞧，这昆明湖多美啊，它静得好像在一面大镜子，绿得像一块碧绿的圆盘，游船画舫在它面上滑过，几乎不留一点儿痕迹。

时间如流水，快乐的时光就是短暂。今天就该和大家说再见了。下面的时间，请大家自己游览观光。提醒大家千万要注意安全，不要独自一人行走，要三五成群结伴而行，另外请不要随地乱扔垃圾，做一个文明游客，为我们的&ldqu;世界遗产&rdqu;增添光彩!祝大家玩得开心，玩得尽兴。再见!

位游客：

大家好!我叫张卓文，是此程游客的导游。我将带领大家浏览颐和园，希望大家旅游愉快。

颐和园位于北京，是一个美丽的大公园。进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，就来到了有名的长廊。绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七百多米长，分成273间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。

走完长廊，就来到了万寿山脚下。抬头一看，一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰，那就是佛香阁。登上万寿山，站在佛香阁的前面向下望，颐和园的景色大半收在眼底，葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。正前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。向东远眺，隐隐约约可以望见几座古老的城楼和城里的白塔。

从万寿山下来，就是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有好几座式样不同的石桥。游人走过长长的石桥，就可以去小岛上玩。这座石桥有十七个桥洞，叫十七孔桥;桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着小狮子。这么多的狮子，姿态不一，没有哪两只是相同的。

快乐的时光总是短暂的，今天就浏览到这里。谢谢大家对我工作的支持，欢迎再来颐和园，再见!

大家好!我是欢乐旅行社的实习导游，我姓李，大家可以叫我李导。今天，由我来带领大家游览颐和园。颐和园是清代皇家园林和行宫，是我国重点文物保护单位，已经列入《世界遗产名录》。游览时请大家自觉保持它的清洁。颐和园到了，大家请随我下车。

进了大门，绕过大殿，现在的位置就是著名的长廊。你们看，这绿漆的柱子、红漆的栏杆，是一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七八百多米长，分为二百七十三间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、风景、花草，几千幅画没有哪两幅画相同。长廊两旁栽的花木，一种花还没有谢，另一种花就已经开了。 微风从左边的昆明湖上吹来，使人神清气爽，大家感觉到了吗?

走完长廊，我们现在来到的是万寿山脚下。大家抬头看一看，一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，那就是佛香阁。下面的一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿就是排云殿。

现在，我们在万寿山的佛香阁。大家向下望，颐和园的景色大半收在眼底。看，葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄、绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。游船、画舫也都从湖面慢慢滑过，几乎不留一点儿痕迹。大家向东远眺，隐隐约约可以望见几座古老的城楼和城里的白塔。

我们现在所在的地点是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有几座式样不同的石桥。大家走过石桥，就可以去湖中心的那座小岛上去玩。大家看，我现在用手指着的那座桥有十七个桥洞，所以叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有着上百根石柱，柱子上雕刻着小狮子，这些狮子姿态不一，没有哪两只是相同的。好，现在大家可以去小岛上玩儿，两小时后在这儿集中，然后我们坐车回去。解散!

( 快上车的时候)大家今天玩得开心吗?通过我的讲解，你们是不是对颐和园有了一定的了解呢?希望下次你们还来找我当你们的导游。再见!

颐和园英文版导游词

当有外国友人来华参观颐和园时，你会如何用英语向他介绍北京颐和园呢?下面是小编为大家整理的北京颐和园英文版的导游词，供大家参考。

篇一：

hi! Hello, I am your tour guide xiao Lin, today by I lead you to visit the world cultural heritage, beautiful scenery of the Summer Palace, we hope you have a good time, play fun.

Now we have been to the Summer Palace, the Summer Palace formerly qingyi park, built qing dynasty emperor qianlong fifteen years as AD 1750, Beijing in the qing dynasty, is the famous "three mountains five gardens" built in the last one. Also is one of Chinas four big gardens, on March 4, 1961, the Summer Palace was announced as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, in August 1998 was rated as the world cultural heritage, the Summer Palace on May 8, 2019 by the national tourism administration approval for the state 5 a-class tourist scenic spot.

The Summer Palace gates, around the hall, came to the famous promenade. The promenade is 720 meters long, divided into 273 rooms, each cross on the sill between painted with colorful painting, painting the character, the grass, the landscape, as well as some historical stories and myths and legends.

Tourists now here we are at the foot of longevity hill, you look at that whether there is a three layer architecture of anise pyramid stand that is halfway up the mountain, buddhist incense under the rows of resplendent and magnificent palace, is to go to the temple.

篇二：

Situated in the western outskirts of Haidian District， the Summer Palace is 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) from central Beijing. Having the largest royal park and being well preserved， it was designated， in 1960 by the State Council， as a Key Cultural Relics Protection Site of China. Containing examples of the ancient arts， it also has graceful landscapes and magnificent constructions. The Summer Palace is the archetypal Chinese garden， and is ranked amongst the most noted and classical gardens of the world. In 1998， it was listed as one of the World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.

Constructed in the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234)， during the succeeding reign of feudal emperors; it was extended continuously. By the time of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)， it had become a luxurious royal garden providing royal families with rest and entertainment. Originally called "Qingyi Garden" (Garden of Clear Ripples)， it was know as one of the famous "three hills and five gardens" (Longevity Hill， Jade Spring Mountain， and Fragrant Hill; Garden of Clear Ripples， Garden of Everlasting Spring， Garden of Perfection and Brightness， Garden of Tranquility and Brightness， and Garden of Tranquility and Pleasure). Like most of the gardens of Beijing， it could not elude the rampages of the Anglo-French allied force and was destroyed by fire. In 1888， Empress Dowager Cixi embezzled navy funds to reconstruct it for her own benefit， changing its name to Summer Palace (Yiheyuan). She spent most of her later years there， dealing with state affairs and entertaining. In 1900， it suffered again， being ransacked by the Eight-Power Allied Force. After the success of the 1911 Revolution， it was opened to the public.

Composed mainly of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake， The Summer Palace occupies an area of 294 hectares (726.5 acres)， three quarters of which is water. Guided by nature， artists designed the gardens exquisitely so that visitors would see marvelous views and be amazed by perfect examples of refined craftwork using the finest materials.

Centered on the Tower of Buddhist Incense (Foxiangge) the Summer Palace consists of over 3，000 structures including pavilions， towers， bridges， and corridors. The Summer Palace can be divided into four parts: the court area， front-hill area， front-lake area， and rear-hill and back-lake area.

Front-Hill Area: this area is the most magnificent area in the Summer Palace with the most constructions. Its layout is quite distinctive because of the central axis from the yard of Kunming Lake to the hilltop， on which important buildings are positioned including Gate of Dispelling Clouds， Hall of Dispelling Clouds， Hall of Moral Glory， Tower of Buddhist Incense， the Hall of the Sea of Wisdom， etc.

Rear-Hill and Back-Lake Area: although the constructions are fewer here， it has a unique landscape， with dense green trees， and winding paths. Visitors can feel a rare tranquility， and elegance. This area includes scenic spots such as Garden of Harmonious Interest and Suzhou Market Street.

Court Area: this is where Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu met officials， conducted state affairs and rested. Entering the East Palace Gate， visitors may see the main palace buildings: the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity served as the office of the Emperor， the Hall of Jade Ripples where Guangxu lived， the Hall of Joyful Longevity， Cixi‘s residence， the Hall of Virtue and Harmony where Cixi was entertained.

Front Lake Area: covering a larger part of the Summer Palace， opens up the vista of the lake. A breeze fluttering， waves gleam and willows kiss the ripples of the vast water. In this comfortable area there are the Eastern and Western Banks， the Seventeen-Arch Bridge， Nanhu Island， and so on. On the western bank float six distinct bridges amongst which the Jade-Belt Bridge is the most beautiful.

颐和园是我国现存最完好、规模最宏大的古代园林。位于北京市海淀区境内，距天安门20余公里，占地290公顷。

颐和园原为封建帝王的行宫和花园，远在金贞元元年(1153年)即在这里修建“西山八院”之一的“金山行宫”。明弘治七年(1494年)修建了园静寺，后皇室在此建成好山园。1664年清廷定都北京后，又将好山园更名为“瓮山行宫”。清乾隆年间，经过2019年的修建工程，将该园改名为“清漪圆”。此时的清漪园，北自文昌阁至西宫门筑有围墙，东、南、西三面以昆明湖水为屏障，园内修建了许多亭台楼阁，桥廊斋榭，山清水秀，富丽堂皇。咸丰十年(1860年)，英法联军疯狂抢劫并焚烧了园内大部分建筑，除宝云阁(俗称“铜亭”)智慧海、多宝琉璃塔幸存外，珍宝被洗劫一空，建筑夷为一片废墟。光绪十四年(1888年)慈待太后挪用海军经费3000万两白银，在清漪园的废墟上兴建起颐和园。光绪二十六年(192019年)颐和园又遭八国联军的野蛮破坏，后慈禧又动用巨款重新修复。数百年来，这里一直是封建帝王、皇室的享乐之地，解放辟为公园。1961年国务院公布颐和园为全国重点文物保护单位。

颐和园包括万寿山、昆明湖两大部分，园内山水秀美，建筑宏伟。全园有各式建筑3000余间，园内布局可分为政治、生活、游览三个区域。政治活动区，以仁寿段为中心，是过去慈禧太后和光绪皇帝办理朝事、会见朝臣、使节的地方。生活居住区，以玉澜堂、宜芸馆、乐寿堂为主体，是慈禧、光绪及后妃居住之地。风景游览区，以万寿山前山、后山、后湖、昆明湖为主，是全园的主要组成部分。

在世界古典园林中享有盛誉的颐和园，布局和谐，浑然一体。在高60米的万寿山前山的中央，纵向自低而高排列着排云门、排云股、德辉殿、佛香阁、智慧海等一组建筑，依山而立，步步高升，气派宏伟。以高大的佛香阁为主体，形成了全园的中心线。沿昆明湖北岸横向而建的长廊，长728米，共273间，像一条彩带横跨于万寿山前，连结着东面前山建筑群。长廊中有精美柁画 14000多幅，素有“画廊”之美称。位于颐和园东北角，万寿山东麓的谐趣园，具有浓重的江南园林特色，被誉为 “园中之园”。

占全园总面积四分之三的昆明湖，湖水清澈碧绿，景色宜人。在广阔的湖面上，有三个小岛点缀，其主要景物是西堤、西堤六桥、东堤、南湖岛、十七孔桥等。湖岸建有廓如亭、知春亭、凤凰墩等秀美建筑，其中位于湖西北岸的清晏舫(石访)中西合璧，精巧华丽，是园中著名的水上建筑。后山后湖，林茂竹青，景色幽雅，到处是松林曲径，小桥流水，风格与前山迥然不同。山脚下的苏州河，曲折蜿蜒，时狭时阔，颇具江南特色。在岸边的树丛中建有多宝琉璃塔。后山还有一座仿西藏建筑——香岩宗印之阁，造型奇特。苏州街原为宫内的民间买卖街，现已修复并向游人开放。拥山抱水，绚丽多姿的颐和园，体现了我国造园艺术的高超水平。

颐和园英文导游词

good morning ladies and gentlemen:

my name is . i’m very honored to be youre guide. i do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. this morning we are going to visit the summer palace. the summer palace is located on the northwest suburbs of beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of the city. so it will take us about 1 hour to get there. before we arrived at the summer palace, i would like to introduce you a brief introduction of the woderful imperial garden. the summer palace is the most beautiful and the largest imperial garden existing in chinan, and it is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world. in 1998, it was placed on the list of world cultural heritage by the unesco.

the summer palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of 12th century in the jin dynasty. the construction continued to the yuan and ming dynasties. in the qing dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. during emperor qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘three hills and five gardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of beijing. the summer palace was a part of it and at that time was called the garden of clear ripples. in 1860, the anglo-french allied forces invaded beijing. the ‘three hills and five gardens’ were burnt down to ashes.

in 1888, the empress dowager cixi spent the navy fund having the garden of clear ripples rebuilt. and then she renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace).

in 1900, the allied forces of eight powers invaded beijing. the summer palace was once again severely damaged. it was rebuilt again in 1902.

in 1924, the last emperor puyi was driven out of the palace, after that, the summer palace was turned into a public park.

ladies and gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway. it is called “emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the first scenery of the summer palace. the two chinese words on the front side of the archway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. the two words on the back side mean collection of excellence and refer to the tranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the east palace gate)

now, we have arrived at the east palace gate. it’s the main entrance of the summer palace. on top of the gate there is a plaque with three chinese characters ‘the summer palace’ in emperor guangxu’s handwriting. the gate that we are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the old days.

(inside the east palace gate)

now we are inside the summer palace. in front of us is the second gate of the summer palace— the gate of benevolence and longevity. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the privy council. well, before we start our tour in the garden, i will briefly introduce you the layout of the summer palace and our tour route. o.k., ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention please? let’s look at the map together, from it we can see the summer palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies the three-fourths. the whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was for political activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and end off the marble boat. on the way, we will visit the main constructions of the summer palace, such as the hall of jade ripples, the hall of happiness and longevity, the long corridor, the hall of dispelling clouds and so on. it will take us about two hours to visit the summer palace. please attention, we won’t walk back and our driver will pick us up at the north gate. should you get lost or separated from the group, please meet us at the north gate.

ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the hall of benevolence and longevity. follow me please.

(inside the courtyard of the benevolence and longevity)

passing through the gate of benevolence and longevity, we have already entered the courtyard of the hall of benevolence and longevity. the huge rock in front of us is taihu rock. it was quarried from taihu lake in jiangsu province, so it was known as taihu rock. please look around the courtyard and you can see there are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard, representing the four seasons of the year. the taihu rocks are usually used as decoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak and penetration in characters.

the bronze mythical animal behind the taihu rock is known as suanni or some people call it qilin. according to ancient chinese mythology, the dragon had nine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. suanni was one of the nine sons of the dragon. it was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits in ancient lengeds. suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hooves of ox and the tail of lion.

(in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity)

this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was first built in 1750. the name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘lun yu’ by confucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.” this hall was the place where emperor guangxu and empress dowager cixi held audience and handled state affairs when they were in the summer palace. for protecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. so i would like to briefly introduce you the decorations in the hall of benevolence and longevity. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. there are two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacock feathers. behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame and glass mirror inlaid. on the mirror there are 226 chinese characters of the word ‘longevity’ written in different styles. there are two scrolls on each side of the wall with a big chinese character ‘longevity’ written on it. it was said that the word ‘longevity’ written by empress dowager cixi. there are 100 bats painted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of a dragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. they were used to burn incense sticks to create the appropriate atmosphere. in the old days, the dragon and phoenix were the symbol of the emperor and empress. according to ritual, the dragons should be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front of the hall.however, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes are in the middle. this was a product of the end of qing dynasty when empress dowager cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuour harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with bejing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smile. the grand theater building was known as the ‘cradle of beijing opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. there are 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this is the grand theater building. of the three main theater buildings of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and largest one. the other two are changyin pavilion in the forbidden city and qingyin pavilion in the mountain resort in chengde. the grand theater building, a three-storied structure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. it is 21 meters high and 17 meters wide. performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. the top one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and the bottom stage was named longevity stage. each level has the entrance and the exit. there are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestial being’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to set off a certain atmosphere on the stage. there is also a well and five ponds built under the stage for a good effect of water scenes. the stage is open to three sides.

well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the grand theater building, it’s the hall of pleasure smile. the empress dowager cixi used bo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the peking opera.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolence and longevity. it appears that there’s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is an application of a specific style of chinese

gardening.

now, we are walking along the bank of the kunming lake. look over there, not far away in the lake there is an islet. it’s called the spring heralding islet. the pavilion on the islet is called the spring heralding pavilion. a number of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. in early spring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms, willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned. hence the name ‘heralding sping pavilion’.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the hall of jade ripples. the words “jade ripples” came from a verse “gentle ripples gushing out of jade spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. in the late qing dynasty, it was where emperor guangxu was put under house arrest.

this hall is a hallmark of the movement of 1898. emperor guangxu was emperor dowager cixi’s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, emperor dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her hold on imperial power. she ‘handled state affairs behind the screen’. after emperor guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of 19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the core principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. it was called the ‘hundred-day reform’. after the reform failed, emperor guangxu was put under house arrest here. for the strict control of him, empress dowager cixi ordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and left of the hall of jade ripples. at that time the hall was entirely sealed up, just like a prison. today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room still maintain its original appearance. it is open to visitors as the relic related to the 1898 reform movement.

(in front of the chamber of collecting books)

this is the chamber of collecting books. in chinese, it’s called “yi yun guang”. “yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. in ancient times, it was usually used as termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.in the emperor qianlong’s reign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. later it was converted into a residence. there used to be the residence of guangxu’s empress longyu, and his favorite concubine zhenfei.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

this group of courtyard is the hall of happiness and longevity. it was the major architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence of empress dowager cixi. the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting. with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. in front of the hall of happiness and longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle of this courtyard named “qing zhi xiu” and nicknamed as “family bankruptcy rock”. this huge rock was discovered in fangshan district by a ming official mi wanzhong. he wanted to transport it to his own garden “shaoyuan”. in the old days, transporting such rock was very difficult. after spending all his money to ship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. the big rock was then left on the roadside somewhere near liangxiang county, 30 kilometers southwest of beijing. hence it was nicknamed “family bancruptcy rock”. later emperor qianlong discovered it and transported to the garden of clear ripples and laid in front of the hall of happiness and longevity. the colorful glass chandeliers hanging inside the hall was introduced from germany in 1903. it is one of the earliest electric lights in china.

(in front of the gate of inviting the moon of the long corridor)

ladies and gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in the world, such as the louvre in france and the museum of great britain. now i will show you a special gallery in the palace—the long corridor. in 1990, the long corridor was listed in the guinness book of world records as ‘the longest painted corridor’ in the world’. it would be a pity if we leave the summer palace without visiting the long corridor and the marble boat. now, here we go, the long corridor first!

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor starts from the gate inviting the moon to the shizhang gate. it is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace. since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( retaining the goodness pavilion, living with the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion, clear and far pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of a year. thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

the long corridor is the longest covered veranda in any chinese garden. on the purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 suzhou style paintings. among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes of west lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province. beside the colorful paintings of natural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mythology and figures. the paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancient chinese classical literature, such as ‘pilgrimage to the west’, ‘the romance of the three kingdoms’, ‘the western chamber’, “water margin’, and ‘the dream of the red mansion’.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the central axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the sea of wisdom on top of the hill. the main architectural structures here are the gate of dispelling clouds, hall of dispelling clouds, tower of buddhist incense and the sea of wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structures are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace. this is a good place to taking photos, we will stay here for about 15 minutes.

now we are walking continuely along the long corridor, the next scene we are going to visit is marble boat.

look over there! halfway up the slope there stands the hall of listening to orioles. it was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and court music. it is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. before the garden of virtuous harmony was built, empress dowager cixi enjoyed opera and music here. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.

this is the famous marble boat. a famous scientist of china’s eastern han dynasty once said, “water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” a prime minister of tang dynasty wei zheng once used these words to persuade li shimin, the emperor of the tang dynasty. he said people are water and the emperor is the boat. people can support a good emperor. however, they also can overthrow the dynasty. emperor qianlong built this huge boat in the garden in order to make the allusion concrete. on one hand, emperor qianlong encouraged himself to run the country well. on the other hand, he wanted to show that his rule of the qing dynasty was as firm as the marble boat and there was no fear of overturning the boat. the marble boat was the place for emperor qianlong to sample tea and enjoy the scenery of kunming lake. emperor qianlong once came here to engage in the freeing of captive animals. in the times of qianlong, the marble boat was a chinese styled stone boat with a chinese style wooden superstructure on the top of it. when it was rebuilt in the times of guangxu, a foreign and chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to the boat, one on each side. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. a big mirror was installed on the superstructure for viewing rain.

our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the marble boat. today we only visited the major scenic spots of the summer palace. i have left other spots of interest for your next visit. i will now show you out through the ruyi gate. our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. i do hope you enjoyed today’s tour. thank you.

颐和园英文导游词1000字

Hello, welcome you to Beijing Summer Palace! My horse is, today I have for you is to explain Beijing Summer Palace! Please note: please dont littering, dont spit, protect the environment, with good team! Now lets go! Hope I can let you remember the interpretation of the good time, I wish you have a lot of fun!

The earliest dynasties era in the emperor had started to build in Beijing imperial garden. In todays longevity hill kunming lake area will be built here, jinshan kingsoft, called JinShanBo. To this, there was renamed aung, aung tabor. And early Ming is renamed lake and built the temple, named static good mountain park. At sixteen, wanli is also is in here has 1588 landscape scale, enjoy certain green line li, like the white jiangnan ode. But let there really become a royal garden of the qing dynasty is. In the emperor kangxi years was built in the emperor qianlong palace, came to fourteen years, namely 1749 - jehoaddan in 1764 built on the basis of the original qingyi park, lake, mountain, kunming lake, the lake is called mountain called longevity hill. And here also became famous gardens. And most of the imperial palace in ancient China, here also cant escape the invaders in 1860, be spoiled by the anglo-french allied forces and destroyed.

After some years, the empredowager cixi embezzled funds for the navy, and under the emperor guangxu reconstruction has renamed the Summer Palace here. But in 1900, the Summer Palace again by the anglo-french allied forces (Russia), meaning the serious destruction. Since then the rebuilt in here, so, because of the financial HouShan parts are not long. In 1912, QingShi according to the conditions, the Summer Palace is still in Hudson emperor puyi hands. After two years, and there was a his private property, but because once open transportation fares expensive, no one came. In 1924, after the Summer Palace, pu excommunicated beiyang government will formally to opening to the park. December 1948, the peoples government, after accepting here after comprehensive governance, still holding the royal garden style. And it also became the world, architecture, landscape on the best-preserved imperial gardens.

We will see the total covers an area of 290 hectares, including land quarter, water reached three-fourths. According to the royal garden, the garden USES and can be divided into political scenic area, the Summer Palace built residential and the scenic area three parts.

We came to visit the eastern will formally began.

In the east gate, there is a han xu yan xiu Yan, the archway. The meaning of han xu is open, beautiful scenery, all-encompassing. Yan xiu is capture the beautiful scenery. But as the main palace also. On the door of the property of the Summer Palace is the emperor guangxu board of calligraphy. Yi and two words are taken, the remaining calm mood.

颐和园英文导游词【最全】

颐和园，中国清朝时期皇家园林，前身为清漪园，坐落在北京西郊，距城区十五公里，占地约二百九十公顷，与圆明园毗邻。它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖为蓝本，汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座大型山水园林，也是保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为“皇家园林博物馆”，也是国家重点旅游景点。下面是由小编为大家带来的关于颐和园英文导游词，希望能够帮到您！

颐和园英文导游词

the tour will take 4-6 hours. the route is as follows:

out side the east gate-side the east gate –in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity- in front of garden of virtuous harmony-in front of the grand theater building- a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall o jade ripples- in front of the o jade ripples- in front of the yiyunguan (chamber of mortal being)-hall of happiness and longevity- in front of the yaoyue (chamber of mortal beings)-hall of happiness and longevity-in front of the yaoyue(inviting the moon ) gate of the long corridor- strolling along the long corridor- visiting an exhibition of cultural relics- in front of the hall of dispelling clouds- inside the hall of dispelling clouds- atop the tower of buddhist incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the tower of buddhist incense- on a hilltop leading from the back door of the tower of buddhist incense- inside the garden of harmonious interest –outside the south gate to suzhou shopping street- atop the stone bridge inside the suzhou shopping street –on the road from the south gate of suzhou shopping street- on the road form the south gate of suzhou shopping street to the marble boat- in front of the ruins of the garden of complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the kunming lake-leaving out through the east gate.

(out side the east gate)

ladies and gentlemen: welcome to the summer palace.(after the self-introduction of the guide -interpreter) i hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you .

during our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.

the construction of the summer palace first started in 1750. at that time, the qing dynasty was in its heyday and china was a powerful asian country with vast territories. the monarch in power then was emperor qianlong. with supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday. after 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the garden of clear ripples was completed and served as a testimony to china` s scientific and technological achievements. in 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the yuanming yuan (garden of perfection and brightness) by angol-french allied forces. in 1888, empress dowager cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace). characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the summer palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world. this is the main entrance to the summer palace-the east gate on top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a chinese inscription which means garden of nurtured harmony” , whose calligrapher was emperor guangxu. the gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother. all others used the side doors.

(inside the east gate)

the summer palace can be divided into two parts: longevity hill and kunming lake .the whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three- fourths consists of a lake and rivers .this imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest. the layout of the summer palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. entering the east gate we will come the the office quarters. entering the east gate we will come to the office quarters. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty. this is the gate of benevolence and longevity. above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both chinese and manchurian characters. the gigantic rock in the foreground is known as taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in jiangsu province and placed here to decorated the garden. on the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as qilin or xuanni . it was said to the one of the nine sons of dragon king. a point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique skin. it was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and prosperity. this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was built in 1750 , and was known as the hall of industrious government. emperor qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after them . after the rebuilding of the summer palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long lives. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful designs. in the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking dragons. on either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of luduan, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent fire. the small chambers on eight side were where the emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi rested and met officials on formal occasions. on the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major occasions. they are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their backs. also on the veranda are tai ping (peace) bronze water vats made during the reign of emperor qianlong. as a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuous harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with beijing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smiles. the grand theater building known as the cradle of beijing opera” was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. on september 10, 1984, the garden of virtuous harmony opened its doors to visitors. there are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here. the staff here put up court dresses of qing dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and stages. all of the stages are connected to a raise ,and a winch is installed at the top. a well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground stage. there are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to surface. the underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more audible .of the three main theater building of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and the largest. the other two are changyin (fluent voice ) pavilion in chengde, an imperial summer resort. the building played a major part in fostering the birth and development of beijing opera: since the completion of the grand theater building, many performances were held in it in honor of the empress dowager cixi.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolent and longevity. it appears that there` s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is a application of a specific style of chinese gardening. not far away in the lake there is a islet. it is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the scenery. the pavilion on the islet is called zhichun (understanding spring) pavilion and is chardcterized by four- edged, multiple eaved roofs.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the hall of jade ripples. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. it was also where emperor guangxu of the late qing dynasty was kept under house arrest. this hall is a hallmark of the reform movement of 1898, emperor guanxu was empress dowager cixi` s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, empress dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the scenes. when emperor guanxu was 19 years old ,empress dowager cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable influence. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. the emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and emperor guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years .all the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard. emperor guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs. the wall remains intact for tourists to see.. dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. the emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and emperor guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years .all the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard. emperor guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs. the wall remains intact for tourists to see. (in front of yiyunguan (chamber of mortal beings) this was where empress and empress dowager of china` s feudal system. however, emperor guanxu was not the last emperor of the qing dynasty. the last in the line was emperor puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be married . in 1912, he was forced to abdicate. during the short reign of emperor puyi. empress longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of empress dowager. in 1911, a revolution led by dr. sun yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, empress longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of china.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

the aged empress dowager cixi was so fond of the summer palace that she decided to live here from april through october of every year. this group of buildings served as her residence. this group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each side .the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting . with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. no wonder one of empress dowager cixi` s pleasure boat. on the pier there is a tall lantern post. flanking the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal peace. the interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the middle. at mealtime, eunuchs-in –waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and empress dowager cixi would dine on 128 courses. because of this more than 1,800 tales of silver would be spent each month on meals. on the east side of the living room is the cloak room. the bedroom in on its west. in front of the yaoyue (inviting the moon ) gate of the long corridor the famed long corridor is ahead. facing kunming lake and in the foreground of longevity hill, the long corridor stretches from yaoyue (inviting the moon ) gate to shizhang (stony old man) pavilion. it is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal pavilions. in 1990 ,it was listed in guinness book of world records.

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace .since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill , four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions (beauty-retaining pavilion, enjoy-the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion and clarity distance pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation. thus sightseers will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to creat a unified complex. this corridor can also be called a corridor of paintings ”: there are more than 14,000 paintings on its beams. some of them are of birds, flowers and landscapes of the west lake in hangzhou, zhejian province. others present scenes from literary classics. the majority of the landscape painting were done under the order of emperor qianlong, who preperred the scenery of south china.

(by the door leading to the exhibition of cultural relics)

this group of temple-shaped structures are known as qinghua (clarified china) hall ,also known as arhat hall during the reign of emperor qianlong. the original hall burned down in 1860. after it was reconstructed, it was renamed. qinghua hall is now used as a exhibition hall displaying rare cultural relics collected in the summer palace. the hall consists of 6 exhibition rooms with tens of thousands of articles of treasure on display in turn. among the exhibits there are bronze ware, porcelain, jade assemblages from the ming and qing dynasties, and rare and paintings. there is also a gigantic stone slab, which is more than 3 meters in height and width. it bears the handwritten inscriptions of emperor qianlong is commemoration of the suppression of a rebellion in the xinjiang region. only this slab survived when the angle-french allied forces set fire to the summer palace.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the hall of dispelling clouds was where numerous palatines kowtowed to empress dowager cixi. it was surrounded by galleries and flanked by annex halls. in the forecourt there is a pool and marble bridges . starting from the lakeside, there lies in succession a memorial archway, the gate of dispelling clouds, the hall of dispelling clouds and the tower of buddhist incense. all of these structures are built on a central axis and each is taller than its predecessor. this was designed to give prominence to the last structure, the tower of buddhist incense, which was a symbol of imperial power. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structure are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace.

(inside the hall of dispelling clouds)

the original buildings on this site were burned down by the anglo-french allied forces in 1860. a new set of structures was built during the reign of emperor guanxu, and was called the hall of dispelling clouds, suggesting that it was a fairyland. the hall was built on a high terrace, and has 21 room. inside the hall are a throne, screens, tripods and mandarin fans. on a platform you will see bronze dragons, phoenixes and tripods. at the foot of the platform there are four bronze water vats, the ancient form of fire extinguishers. the 10th day of lunar october was ,empress dowager cixi` s birthday. on that day ,she sat on the throne here to receive congratulations and gifts. now we are going to pay a visit to the highlight of the summer palace- the tower of buddhist incense. what we are now standing on is a stone terrace which is 20 meters in height. it has a semi housed stairway of 100 steps, you will live for 100 years. so, let` s go !

(in the front of the tower of buddhist incense)

an octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the tower of buddhist incense is the very center of the summer palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient chinese architecture. the tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae logs. with its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the tower of buddhist incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding it .the tower overlooks kunming lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of kilometers .on the west side of the tower stands baoyunge (precious cloud pavilion). it is made of bronze and is7.5 meters in height and 270 tons in weight. it resembles its wooden counterparts in every detail. it is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in china. lamas prayed here during the reign of emperor qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their families. at the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited abroad. in 1992 an american company bought the windows and returned them intact to china.

(on a hilltop leading from the back door of tower of buddhist incense)

now we can see the long and snaking western causeway and a shorter dike that divides kunming lake into three areas that contain south lake island, seaweed-viewing island and circle city island. the three island represent three mountain in ancient chinese mythology, i. e. penglai, fangzhang and yingzhou. this peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of emperor wudi of the han dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for longevity. as the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical islands. using artificial building techniques, the ancient chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.

(inside the garden of harmonious interest)

setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of china traditional architectural styles. the garden of harmonious interest serves as a fine example of this. this garden was built under the order of emperor qianlong and modeled after the jichang garden (garden of ease of mind )at the foot of mount huishan, jiansu province. it was renamed by his son emperor jiaqing in 1811. the existing garden was rebuilt by emperor or guangxu. empress dowager cixi used to go fishing here. the garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries with all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the garden of harmonious interest is basically a garden of waterscape. spanning the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the others. the most famous of them is the bridge known as knowing –the fishing-bridge.” it is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the warring states period, two philosophere named zhuang zi had an interesting argument by the side of a pond. zhang said, ”fish swim to and fro in the water. what happy fish!” hui asked , ”you are not a fish. how do you know they are happy? ” zhuang replied, you are not me .how do you know i don’t know? ” hui signed, i am not you ,therefore, i don’t know you . and you are not a fish ,so how do you know that fish are happy? ” zhang said, you ask me how i know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question?” although the garden of harmonious interest was designed after jichang garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it .

(outside the south entrance to suzhou shopping street)

now lets have a look at longevity hill. on the back slope of the hill stands a group of architectures. the centerpiece of structures there are known as the four continents and are dedicated to buddhism. this group was laid out and arranged in accordance with buddhist cosmology. aside from a main shrine and structures embodying the four continents, there are eight towers representing minor continents. the shrine is surrounded by four lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the moon. the qing authority attached great importance to buddhism. to further strengthen ties with the ethnic minorities who practiced buddhism, the monarchs incorporated both han and tibetan styles of architecture into this group of temples. further north at the foot of the four major continent lies the suzhou shopping street. built along the back lake of the summer palace, this street stretches about 300 meters and features more than 60 stores. it includes restaurants, teahouses, pawnshops banks, drugstores dye houses and publishing houses. in order to recreate the atmosphere of ancient times, visitors will have the chance to exchange their money to ancient style chinese coins for use here. storefronts are trimmed with traditional signboards and ornaments. the commercial culture of the mid-18th century has thus been recreated.

(atop the stone bridge inside the suzhou shopping street)

visitors may be surprise to see that this shopping street is almost the same as that in south china. as a matter of fact, this street was designed after the shops along the canals in suhzhou. originally known as emperor` s shopping street, it was built during the reign of emperor qianlong. after making several inspection tours to south china and being duly impressed by its commercial prosperity, emperor qianlong ordered the construction of this street. the imperial shopping street was burnt down by anglo-french allied forces in 1860. the site remained desolated until 1987, when reconstruction began. it was opened to the public in september 1990. with commercial culture as its hallmark, the suzhou shopping street is a vivid representation of china` s traditional cultures.

(on the road from the south fate of the suzhou shopping street to the marble boat)

this is the hall of pines. from it to the west we can walk to the marble boat. the path we aree taking stretches between longevity hill and back lake. monarchs and their cohorts used to stroll along it .hence it was named central imperial path. along this path you will see lilacs all around. hence, this road is also known as the path of lilac.

(in front of the ruins of the garden of complete spring)

quite a few unique structures were burnt down during the reign of emperor qianlong, among which the garden of complete spring was one of the most famous. the ruined and desolate courtyard by the roadside was its original site, it remains to be restored. this group of structures cover an area of 4,000 square meters and features a number of halls built on three different levels. all of the structures were connected with galleries and stone staircases. with its natural and ingenious combination of pavilions, a hall, galleries and rooms, the garden of complete spring serves as a fine model for other gardens. emperor qianlong frequently visited this compound.

(along the lakeside by the marble boat)

now we have returned from the back of longevity hill to the front. there is the famous marble boat. this structure is 36 meters in length and its body was made of marble. on top of it is a two storeyed structure. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows are inlaid with multi-colored glass and the ceiling was decorated with carved bricks. the drainage system channels rain water down through four hollow concrete pillars and into the lake through the mouth of dragon heads. according to a book written by emperor qianlong, the boat was used for enjoying the scenery and was supposed to be symbolic of the stability of the qing dynasty. halfway up the slope there stands the hall for listening to orioles . the ancient chinese liken the warble of an oriole to beautiful songs and melodies, hence the name of the hall which used to be a theater. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts. it is a must for many foreign visitors to have lunch here when then come to beijing. more than one hundred heads of state worldwide have dined here and the late premier zhou enlai has held banquets here in honor of state guests. (sightseers who want to try the restaurant can go boating after they eat. those who do not can go abroad right away. those who do not feel like taking the boat can stoll along the long corridor to the outside of the east gate). (boating on kunmin lake) we are now going to enjoy the lakeside scenery from a pleasure boat. as a main part of the summer palace, kunming lake covers an area of 220 hectares, or three fourths of the combined space of this summer resort. this natural lake is more than 3500 years old. this lake was originally called wengshan lake. in 1749 emperor qianlong ordered the construction of qingyi garden, the predecessor of the summer palace. involving nearly 10,000 laborers, the lake was expanded and turned into a peach-shaped reservoir, the first of its kind for beijing. from 1990 to 1991, the beijing municipal government ordered the first dredging of the lake in 240 years .involving 200,000 men and hundreds of dredgers and other tools, a total of 625,600 cubic meters of sludge was dredged and 205 bombs dropped by the japanese during the anti-japanese war were removed. the summer palace set a precedent for sightseeing by boat. there used to be a large imperial flotilla, of which the kunming merry dragon” was the most famous. it was destroyed by the anglo-french allied forces in 1860. to make the tour of the summer palace a more pleasant one, a large pleasure boat tai he ” (supreme harmony )was built. this double –decked boat is 37.09 meters long,8,59 meters wide and 10.49 meters high. it can travel at a speed of 9 kilometer per hour. small pleasure boats are also available to tourist. another major spot of interest on the western causeway is jingming (bright view ) hall. both its front and rear face the lake. this structure also features three two- storeyed halls of varying heights. our tour is drawing to a close as we approach the shore. today we only visited the major scenic areas of the summer palace. i have left other spot of interest for your next visit. i will show you out through the east gate. i hope you enjoyed today` s tour. thank you .good-bye and good luck.